[Cite as Unemp. Comp. Rev. Comm. v. Blue Machine, L.L.C., 2017-Ohio-7495.]

                            IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF OHIO

                                 TENTH APPELLATE DISTRICT


Unemployment Compensation                         :
Review Commission,
                                                  :
                Appellee-Appellee,                                   No. 17AP-176
                                                  :             (C.P.C. No. 16CV-11400)
v.
                                                  :       (ACCELERATED CALENDAR)
Blue Machine, LLC,
                                                  :
                Appellant-Appellant.
                                                  :




                                       D E C I S I O N

                                 Rendered on September 7, 2017


                On brief: Michael DeWine, Attorney General, and Alan
                Schwepe, for appellee. Argued: Alan Schwepe.

                On brief: Barron Peck Bennie & Schlemmer, LPA, Peter A.
                Burr, and Steven C. Davis, for appellant. Argued: Peter A.
                Burr.

                 APPEAL from the Franklin County Court of Common Pleas

BROWN, J.
        {¶ 1} Blue Machine, LLC, appellant, has filed an appeal from the judgment of the
Franklin County Court of Common Pleas in which the court granted a motion to dismiss.
        {¶ 2} The underlying facts in this case are not germane to the issues before us on
appeal. On October 14, 2016, appellee, the Unemployment Compensation Review
Commission ("UCRC"), which operates under the Ohio Department of Job and Family
Services ("ODJFS"), rendered a final decision adverse to appellant and mailed the order to
No. 17AP-176                                                                                2


appellant. On December 2, 2016, Margie Burke, who identified herself as a co-owner of
appellant and not an attorney, filed a notice of appeal on behalf of appellant.
       {¶ 3} On December 19, 2016, ODJFS filed a motion to dismiss asserting that
appellant failed to perfect its appeal within the 30-day period set forth in R.C.
4141.26(D)(2), because the notice of appeal docketed on December 2, 2016, was filed by
Burke, who is not an attorney, and any notice of appeal filed on behalf of a limited liability
company must be made through counsel, pursuant to Campus Pitt Stop, L.L.C. v. Ohio
Liquor Control Comm., 10th Dist. No. 13AP-622, 2014-Ohio-227. On February 16, 2017,
the Franklin County Court of Common Pleas issued a decision and entry granting
ODJFS's motion to dismiss, finding that, pursuant to Campus Pitt Stop, Burke was
prohibited from filing an appeal on behalf of appellant because she was not an attorney.
Appellant appeals the judgment of the common pleas court, asserting the following
assignment of error:
               The trial court erred as a matter of law by holding that
               Appellant failed to timely file its Notice of Appeal of the
               decision of the Unemployment Review Commission.

       {¶ 4} In its sole assignment of error, appellant argues that the common pleas
court erred when it concluded that appellant failed to timely file its notice of appeal of the
UCRC's order. A trial court and an appellate court employ the same, well-established
standard of review in appeals involving the commission: "[A] reviewing court may reverse
the board's determination only if it is unlawful, unreasonable, or against the manifest
weight of the evidence." Tzangas, Plakas & Mannos v. Admr., Ohio Bur. of Emp. Servs.,
73 Ohio St.3d 694, 697 (1995); R.C. 4141.282(H). When a reviewing court (whether a trial
or appellate court) applies this standard, it may not make factual findings or determine
witness credibility. Irvine v. State Unemp. Comp. Bd. of Rev., 19 Ohio St.3d 15, 18 (1985).
Factual questions remain solely within the commission's province. Tzangas at 696. An
appellate court in reviewing an administrative order, however, has plenary review of
purely legal questions. Big Bob's, Inc. v. Ohio Liquor Control Comm., 151 Ohio App.3d
498, 2003-Ohio-418, ¶ 15 (10th Dist.). See also Slats & Nails Pallets, Inc. v. Ohio Dept. of
Job & Family Servs., 10th Dist. No. 14AP-690, 2015-Ohio-1238, ¶ 8, citing Hayward v.
No. 17AP-176                                                                               3


Summa Health Sys., 139 Ohio St.3d 238, 2014-Ohio-1913, ¶ 23 (where an R.C.
4141.26(D)(2) appeal raises legal issues, our review is de novo).
       {¶ 5} R.C. 4141.26(D)(2) provides, in pertinent part:
               The employer and the director shall be promptly notified of
               the commission's decision, which shall become final unless,
               within thirty days after the mailing of notice of it to the
               employer's last known address by certified mail, return receipt
               requested, or, in the absence of mailing, within thirty days
               after delivery of such notice, an appeal is taken by the
               employer or the director to the court of common pleas of
               Franklin county. Such appeal shall be taken by the employer
               or the director by filing a notice of appeal with the clerk of
               such court and with the commission. Such notice of appeal
               shall set forth the decision appealed and the errors in it
               complained of. Proof of the filing of such notice with the
               commission shall be filed with the clerk of such court.

       {¶ 6} In the present case, the common pleas court concluded that appellant failed
to comply with the 30-day appeal limitation set forth in R.C. 4141.26(D)(2) because
appellant's "co-owner," Burke, who is not an attorney, filed the notice of appeal, and this
court held in Campus Pitt Stop that any notice of appeal filed on behalf of a limited
liability company must be made through legal counsel. In Campus Pitt Stop, two
individuals, on behalf of a limited liability company, filed a notice of appeal of the Liquor
Control Commission's order with the Franklin County Court of Common Pleas. We found
that R.C. 1925.17 requires a notice of appeal on behalf of a corporation must be filed by an
attorney at law. Thus, because the two individuals who filed the notice of appeal were
non-attorneys, they could not file the notice of appeal on behalf of the limited liability
company. We followed Campus Pitt Stop in Navy Portfolio, L.L.C. v. Avery Place, L.L.C.,
10th Dist. No. 13AP-1071, 2014-Ohio-3401, finding that the sole owner of a limited
liability company, who was a non-attorney, could not file a notice of appeal from a trial
court's decision.
       {¶ 7} Appellant provides no compelling reason to depart from our decision in
Campus Pitt Stop. Appellant does cite some authority for the general proposition that the
state of Ohio has relaxed the need for attorney representation for some purposes in
administrative proceedings before the Industrial Commission of Ohio. Appellant also
No. 17AP-176                                                                             4


cites Henize v. Gills, 22 Ohio St.3d 213 (1986), for the proposition that the Supreme Court
of Ohio has before permitted laypeople to represent employers in hearings before the
Bureau of Employment Services and the Unemployment Compensation Board of Review.
However, neither of these cases are on point and do not address the issue before this court
and directly addressed in Campus Pitt Stop; that is, whether a non-attorney can file a
notice of appeal on behalf of a limited liability company from an administrative order.
This court answered that question in the negative, and we are bound in this case by our
own controlling precedent. For these reasons, we find appellant's argument without
merit, and we overrule appellant's assignment of error.
      {¶ 8} Accordingly, we overrule appellant's sole assignment of error and affirm the
judgment of the Franklin County Court of Common Pleas.
                                                                      Judgment affirmed.

                    DORRIAN and LUPER SCHUSTER, JJ., concur.
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