[Cite as In re L.M., 2012-Ohio-1025.]


STATE OF OHIO                     )                  IN THE COURT OF APPEALS
                                  )ss:               NINTH JUDICIAL DISTRICT
COUNTY OF SUMMIT                  )

IN RE: L.M.                                          C.A. No.      25693


                                                     APPEAL FROM JUDGMENT
                                                     ENTERED IN THE
                                                     COURT OF COMMON PLEAS
                                                     COUNTY OF SUMMIT, OHIO
                                                     CASE No.   DL 10-09-002475


                                 DECISION AND JOURNAL ENTRY

Dated: March 14, 2012



        CARR, Presiding Judge.

        {¶1}     Appellant, L.M. (“Larry”), appeals his adjudication as a delinquent child in the

Summit County Court of Common Pleas, Juvenile Division. This Court reverses.

                                              I.

        {¶2}     In the summer of 2010, Antwon’s bike was stolen. Antwon is Antonio’s younger

brother and Larry’s cousin. Several weeks after the bike was stolen, Antonio and Larry were

riding their bikes. Antonio saw Antwon’s bike being ridden by Marcellous. Antonio, who was

14 years old, approached Marcellous, who was 15 years old. Kyren, another 14-year-old, was

riding with Marcellous and stood with him. Larry, who was only 11 years old, remained away

from the other boys.

        {¶3}     Antonio confronted Marcellous about riding his little brother’s stolen bike.

Marcellous said the bike belonged to a friend. Antonio threatened to fight him for it. He

grabbed it and pulled. Marcellous let go of the bike, allowing Antonio to take it. Larry climbed
                                                 2


on the handlebars of the bike and Antonio pedaled home. Marcellous recognized Larry but

Kyren did not. Both boys said that Larry was not involved in the confrontation. They agreed he

stood silent, except perhaps for a nervous laugh, and out of reach.

       {¶4}    Even though every eyewitness to these events agreed that Larry was not involved

in taking the bike and played no role in any confrontation between Antonio and Marcellous,

three complaints were filed in the juvenile court, charging Larry with robbery, receiving stolen

property, and misrepresenting identity.

       {¶5}    The matter proceeded to adjudication.       The juvenile court adjudicated Larry

delinquent by reason of robbery in violation of R.C. 2911.02(A)(2). We note that the trial court

analyzed the matter in regard to complicity to commit robbery under subsection (A)(3) of the

robbery statute; however, the relevant portion of the adjudicatory order referenced only a charge

of robbery pursuant to R.C. 2911.02(A)(2). We, therefore, consider the merits of the appeal

within that context. The juvenile court further dismissed the remaining two charges against

Larry. The juvenile court proceeded immediately to disposition, at which time it ordered that

Larry be placed on probation for four months. Disposition was stayed pending appeal. Larry

filed a timely appeal, raising two assignments of error for review.

                                                II.

                                 ASSIGNMENT OF ERROR I

       THE TRIAL COURT ERRED IN FINDING THAT THE STATE PRESENTED
       SUFFICIENT EVIDENCE TO ADJUDICATE JUVENILE DELINQUENT OF
       COMPLICITY TO COMMIT ROBBERY.

       {¶6}    Larry argues that his adjudication as a delinquent child was not supported by

sufficient evidence. This Court disagrees.
                                                3


        {¶7}    When considering this issue, this Court applies the same standard of review as

that applied in an adult criminal context. In re J.F., 9th Dist. No. 24490, 2009-Ohio-1867, ¶ 12.

        {¶8}    The law is well settled:

        An appellate court’s function when reviewing the sufficiency of the evidence to
        support a criminal conviction is to examine the evidence admitted at trial to
        determine whether such evidence, if believed, would convince the average mind
        of the defendant’s guilt beyond a reasonable doubt. The relevant inquiry is
        whether, after viewing the evidence in a light most favorable to the prosecution,
        any rational trier of fact could have found the essential elements of the crime
        proven beyond a reasonable doubt.

State v. Galloway, 9th Dist. No. 19752, 2001 WL 81257 (Jan. 31, 2001), quoting State v.

Jenks, 61 Ohio St.3d 259 (1991), paragraph two of the syllabus. The test for sufficiency

requires a determination of whether the State has met its burden of production at trial.

State v. Walker, 9th Dist. No. 20559, 2001 WL 1581570 (Dec. 12, 2001); see also State

v. Thompkins, 78 Ohio St.3d 380, 390 (1997) (Cook, J. concurring).

        {¶9}    Larry was charged with, and adjudicated delinquent by reason of, robbery in

violation of R.C. 2911.02(A)(2), which states: “No person, in attempting or committing a theft

offense or in fleeing immediately after the attempt or offense, shall * * * [i]nflict, attempt to

inflict, or threaten to inflict physical harm on another[.]” A “theft offense” includes any of the

multiple enumerated offenses listed in R.C. 2913.01(K)(1)-(4). R.C. 2901.01(A)(3) defines

“physical harm to persons” as “any injury, illness, or other physiological impairment, regardless

of its gravity or duration.”

        {¶10} As recounted above, none of the eyewitnesses or participants in the confrontation

between Antonio and Marcellous testified that Larry participated in any way in the conduct that

resulted in Antonio taking the bike from Marcellous. If this were the only evidence offered at

the hearing, this Court would conclude that the adjudication was not supported by sufficient
                                                  4


evidence. Because we must consider all of the evidence in the light most favorable to the

prosecution, however, this Court must conclude that the testimony of Officer John Scalise of the

Akron Police Department supports the conclusion that the State presented sufficient evidence.

       {¶11} Officer Scalise drove Antonio and Larry to the juvenile detention center. He said

that Larry asked him what he was charged with and he replied, “receiving stolen property and

misrep of identification[.]” Although the officer did not mention robbery, he testified that Larry

“blurted,” “We just – we just pushed the kid down and took his bike. We didn’t use a gun or

anything like that. That’s not robbery.” Officer Scalise testified that Larry also asked what

Antonio’s charges were and the officer mentioned robbery. The officer testified that Larry’s

comment was a confession to robbery and he signed a complaint against Larry alleging a count

of robbery.

       {¶12} Reviewing the evidence in a light most favorable to the State, this Court

concludes that there was sufficient evidence to convince the average mind that Larry committed

robbery. Officer Scalise testified that Larry confessed to pushing the victim down and taking his

bike. It is reasonable to infer that the act of pushing another person to the ground would cause

some type of physical harm, however slight.           Accordingly, the State presented sufficient

evidence to demonstrate that Larry attempted to inflict physical harm and committed a theft.

Larry’s first assignment of error is overruled.

                                 ASSIGNMENT OF ERROR II

       THE ADJUDICATION OF L.M. AS DELINQUENT BY REASON OF
       COMPLICITY TO COMMIT ROBBERY IS AGAINST THE MANIFEST
       WEIGHT OF THE EVIDENCE.

       {¶13} Larry argues that his adjudication as a delinquent child is against the manifest

weight of the evidence. This Court agrees.
                                                 5


       {¶14} Again this Court analyzes the matter within the context of the offense by reason

of which he was adjudicated delinquent, to wit: robbery in violation of R.C. 2911.02(A)(2), a

felony of the second degree if committed by an adult.

       In determining whether a criminal conviction is against the manifest weight of the
       evidence, an appellate court must review the entire record, weigh the evidence
       and all reasonable inferences, consider the credibility of witnesses and determine
       whether, in resolving conflicts in the evidence, the trier of fact clearly lost its way
       and created such a manifest miscarriage of justice that the conviction must be
       reversed and a new trial ordered.

State v. Otten, 33 Ohio App.3d 339, 340 (9th Dist.1986). This discretionary power

should be exercised only in exceptional cases where the evidence presented weighs

heavily in favor of the defendant and against conviction. Id.

       {¶15} Marcellous testified repeatedly that Larry never threatened or pushed him. In

fact, he testified that Larry never said anything and was at all times too far away to make contact

with him. Marcellous further testified that Larry did not take the bike he was riding, although he

rode away on the handle bars as Antonio pedaled the bike. Marcellous testified that Antonio

repeatedly informed him that the bike he was riding belonged to Antonio’s brother.

       {¶16} Kyren testified that someone he knew as Antonio stopped him and Marcellous

and informed Marcellous that he was riding Antonio’s brother’s bike. Kyren testified that it was

only Antonio who threatened to punch Marcellous, pushed Marcellous off the bike, and took the

bike; although he testified that there was another person with Antonio at the time. Kyren in no

way described or otherwise identified the other person with Antonio.

       {¶17} Officer Jim Alexander of the Akron Police Department apprehended two suspects

in the alleged robbery but testified that he only questioned Antonio about the incident, not Larry.

He testified that the victim, whose name he did not remember, told him that two suspects

approached him, pushed him off his bike, and took the bike.
                                                   6


       {¶18} Officer Scalise testified that Larry denied participating in a robbery even though

the officer had not informed him that he was being charged with robbery. Officer Scalise was

not aware that both victims testified that Larry did not push or threaten anybody. He admitted

that he never spoke with either victim.

       {¶19} Larry testified in his own defense. He was 11 years old at the time of the

incident. He had learned that his cousin Antwon’s bike had been stolen several weeks before the

incident on September 5, 2010. He testified that he and his cousin Antonio saw two boys riding

bikes on September 5, 2010, and that they approached the boys because one of the bikes looked

like Antwon’s stolen bike. Larry testified that Antonio informed one of the boys that he was

riding Antonio’s brother’s bike. He stood silent and watched as Antonio argued with Marcellous

about the bike until Marcellous got off the bike and gave it to Antonio. Larry and Antonio then

rode away on the bike.

       {¶20} Larry testified that he and Antonio did not discuss taking the bike from

Marcellous, and he did not remember laughing at the situation. Larry denied telling Officer

Scalise that he and Antonio pushed Marcellous off the bike or that there could not have been a

robbery because they did not use a gun.

       {¶21} In weighing the evidence and all reasonable inferences and considering the

credibility of the witnesses, we conclude that this presents the exceptional case, where the

evidence weighs heavily in favor of Larry. The weight of the evidence does not support the

conclusion that Larry committed or attempted to commit a theft offense. He believed that the

bike at issue belonged to his cousin. Both Marcellous and Kyren admitted that the bike did not

belong to Marcellous and that they had no personal knowledge how its alleged owner, Anthony,

had received it before lending it to Marcellous.
                                                  7


       {¶22} The weight of the evidence supports the conclusion that Larry played no role in

taking the bike from Marcellous. Marcellous testified that Larry did not say anything, or

threaten or push him during the incident. He further testified that Larry was not close enough to

touch him. Kyren never identified Larry as the other person with Antonio, but, even assuming

he was referring to Larry, he testified that that other person never threatened or pushed

Marcellous or did anything other than laugh. Accordingly, the weight of the evidence supports

the conclusion that Larry did not inflict, attempt to inflict, or threaten to inflict physical harm on

Marcellous, notwithstanding Officer Scalise’s assertion that Larry “blurted out” a confession.

A thorough review of the record compels this Court to conclude that the trier of fact lost its way

and committed a manifest miscarriage of justice in adjudicating Larry delinquent by reason of

robbery. Accordingly, the adjudication is against the manifest weight of the evidence. Larry’s

second assignment of error is sustained.

                                                 III.

       {¶23} Larry’s first assignment of error is overruled. His second assignment of error is

sustained. The judgment of the Summit County Court of Common Pleas, Juvenile Division, is

reversed and the cause remanded for further proceedings consistent with this opinion.

                                                                                 Judgment reversed,
                                                                                and cause remanded.




       There were reasonable grounds for this appeal.

       We order that a special mandate issue out of this Court, directing the Court of Common

Pleas, County of Summit, State of Ohio, to carry this judgment into execution. A certified copy

of this journal entry shall constitute the mandate, pursuant to App.R. 27.
                                                8


       Immediately upon the filing hereof, this document shall constitute the journal entry of

judgment, and it shall be file stamped by the Clerk of the Court of Appeals at which time the

period for review shall begin to run. App.R. 22(C). The Clerk of the Court of Appeals is

instructed to mail a notice of entry of this judgment to the parties and to make a notation of the

mailing in the docket, pursuant to App.R. 30.

       Costs taxed to Appellee.




                                                    DONNA J. CARR
                                                    FOR THE COURT



MOORE, J.
DICKINSON, J.
CONCUR.


APPEARANCES:

JOSEPH S. KODISH and CEDRIC COLVIN, Attorneys at Law, for Appellant.

SHERRI BEVAN WALSH, Prosecuting Attorney, and HEAVEN DIMARTINO, Assistant
Prosecuting Attorney, for Appellee.
