     Case: 14-10015      Document: 00512799498         Page: 1    Date Filed: 10/10/2014




           IN THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
                    FOR THE FIFTH CIRCUIT


                                     14-10015                            United States Court of Appeals
                                  Summary Calendar                                Fifth Circuit

                                                                                FILED
                                                                         October 10, 2014
VERNITA HUDSON,                                                            Lyle W. Cayce
                                                                                Clerk
                                                 Plaintiff-Appellant
v.

CITIMORTGAGE, INC.,

                                                 Defendant-Appellee




                   Appeal from the United States District Court
                        for the Northern District of Texas
                             USDC No. 3:12-CV-4128


Before DAVIS, BENAVIDES, and PRADO, Circuit Judges.
PER CURIAM:*
       Vernita Hudson (“Hudson”) brings this action pro se against
CitiMortgage, Inc. (“CitiMortgage”) after the foreclosure of real property
located in Lancaster, Texas (“the Property”). Hudson executed a promissory
note (“Note”) with a principal of $78,000 payable to Fieldstone Mortgage
Company (“Fieldstone”) on May 30, 2007. Hudson secured the Note by
executing a Deed of Trust, which was secured by the Property and named


       * Pursuant to 5TH CIR. R. 47.5, the court has determined that this opinion should not
be published and is not precedent except under the limited circumstances set forth in 5TH
CIR. R. 47.5.4.
    Case: 14-10015      Document: 00512799498      Page: 2   Date Filed: 10/10/2014



                                   No. 14-10015
Mortgage Electronic Registration System, Inc. (“MERS”) as the beneficiary.
The Deed of Trust granted broad rights to MERS:


        Borrower understands and agrees that MERS holds only legal title
        to the interests granted by Borrower in this Security Instrument,
        but, if necessary to comply with law or custom, MERS (as nominee
        for Lender and Lender’s successors and assigns) has the right: to
        exercise any or all of those interests, including, but not limited to,
        the right to foreclose and sell the Property; and to take any action
        required of Lender including, but not limited to, releasing and
        canceling this Security Instrument.

MERS assigned the Note and Deed of Trust to CitiMortgage on May 8, 2009.
The assignment was then recorded with the Dallas County Clerk on June 10,
2009.
        Hudson became delinquent on payments beginning in September 2008.
CitiMortgage, as the mortgage servicer, notified Hudson that she was in
default on March 16, 2009. After Hudson failed to cure the default,
CitiMortgage provided Hudson with a Notice of Acceleration on May 20, 2009
and obtained an order allowing it to sell the Property. CitiMortgage issued a
Notice of Substitute Trustee Sale and purchased the Property at the sale for
$38,000.
        Hudson filed this action in the 68th Judicial District Court, Dallas
County, Texas, alleging that 1) CitiMortgage lacked the authority to foreclose
on the Property, and 2) CitiMortgage wrongfully foreclosed on the Property.
CitiMortgage removed the action on the basis of diversity jurisdiction and filed
a motion for summary judgment. The magistrate judge recommended that the
district court grant summary judgment for CitiMortgage as to all of Hudson’s
claims, and the district court granted the motion. Hudson appealed.
        This court reviews the grant of a motion for summary judgment de novo.
Moss v. BMC Software, Inc., 610 F.3d 917, 922 (5th Cir. 2010). Summary

                                          2
    Case: 14-10015    Document: 00512799498     Page: 3   Date Filed: 10/10/2014



                                 No. 14-10015
judgment is appropriate “if the movant shows that there is no genuine dispute
as to any material fact and the movant is entitled to judgment as a matter of
law.” FED. R. CIV. P. 56(a). The court will view all facts and evidence in the
light most favorable to the non-moving party. Moss, 610 F.3d at 922.
      Federal Rule of Appellate Procedure 28(a)(8)(A) requires that an
appellant’s brief contain “appellant’s contentions and the reasons for them,
with citations to the authorities and parts of the record on which the appellant
relies.” FED. R. APP. P. 28(a)(8)(A). “Although we liberally construe the briefs
of pro se appellants, we also require that arguments must be briefed to be
preserved.” Price v. Digital Equipment Corp., 846 F.2d 1026, 1028 (5th Cir.
1988) (citations omitted).
      With respect to the issue of whether CitiMortgage lacked the authority
to foreclose on the Property, the district court considered and rejected three
arguments made by Hudson: 1) that there was an invalid assignment, 2) that
“the presence of MERS in the chain of title necessarily caused a bifurcation
between the Deed of Trust and the Note, which caused any interest that
Defendant has in the Property to be unsecured” (a “split-the-note” theory), and
3) that CitiMortgage did not have authority to foreclose because it did not have
possession of the Note (a “show-me-the-note” theory). Hudson v. CitiMortgage,
Inc., No. 3:12-cv-4128-K, slip op. at 3-5 (N.D. Tex. Dec. 2, 2013). While
Hudson’s argument regarding the authority of Aaron Menne from MERS to
execute an assignment may be relevant to her argument that there was an
invalid assignment, this was not raised in the lower court and this court does
not review issues raised for the first time on appeal. See Stewart Glass &
Mirror, Inc. v. U.S. Auto Glass Discount Ctrs., Inc., 200 F.3d 307, 316-17 (5th
Cir. 2000). Hudson makes no other arguments in this appeal regarding these
claims. By failing to adequately raise the claims brought before the district


                                       3
    Case: 14-10015     Document: 00512799498      Page: 4   Date Filed: 10/10/2014



                                  No. 14-10015
court in her brief before this court, Hudson has abandoned these claims on
appeal. See Yohey v. Collins, 985 F.2d 222, 224-25 (5th Cir. 1993).
      Hudson also presented a general claim for wrongful foreclosure, which
the lower court addressed even though she did not present specific arguments
against summary judgment and presented no evidence to create a genuine
issue of material fact on that claim. Under Texas law, a wrongful foreclosure
claim requires “(i) ‘a defect in the foreclosure sale proceedings’; (ii) ‘a grossly
inadequate selling price’; and (iii) ‘a causal connection between the defect and
the grossly inadequate selling price.’” Miller v. BAC Home Loan Servicing, L.P.,
726 F.3d 717, 726 (5th Cir. 2013) (quoting Sauceda v. GMAC Mortg. Corp., 268
S.W.3d 135, 139 (Tex. App.—Corpus Christi–Edinburg 2008, no pet.)). On
appeal, Hudson presents no arguments with respect to any of the requirements
of this claim, and thus has abandoned this claim as well.
      This court will not review Hudson’s claim that MERS acted as a
substitute grantee in violation of Texas law, or her fraudulent lien claim under
§ 12.002(a) of the Texas Civil Practice and Remedies Code, because these
claims were not raised below. See Stewart Glass, 200 F.3d at 316-17.
      The district court’s decision to grant summary judgment to CitiMortgage
is hereby AFFIRMED.




                                        4
