                                                                           FILED BY CLERK
                              IN THE COURT OF APPEALS                         AUG -8 2007
                                  STATE OF ARIZONA                             COURT OF APPEALS
                                    DIVISION TWO                                 DIVISION TWO




THE STATE OF ARIZONA,                          )
                                               )           2 CA-CR 2006-0095
                                  Appellee,    )           DEPARTMENT B
                                               )
                     v.                        )           OPINION
                                               )
THOMAS GILES CONNOLLY,                         )
                                               )
                                 Appellant.    )
                                               )


            APPEAL FROM THE SUPERIOR COURT OF PIMA COUNTY

                                  Cause No. CR20051500

                      Honorable Frank Dawley, Judge Pro Tempore

                    AFFIRMED IN PART AND VACATED IN PART


Terry Goddard, Arizona Attorney General
 By Randall M. Howe and Jessica L. Quickle                                          Phoenix
                                                                      Attorneys for Appellee

Robert J. Hooker, Pima County Public Defender
 By Nancy F. Jones                                                                   Tucson
                                                                     Attorneys for Appellant


E S P I N O S A, Judge.

¶1            Following a jury trial, appellant Thomas Connolly was convicted of robbery,

a class four felony. The trial court imposed a slightly mitigated sentence of two years, to be
served concurrently with a slightly mitigated, 7.5-year sentence in another matter. The court

ordered Connolly to pay attorney fees in the amount of $800, a $25 indigent defense fee, and

a $20 time-payment fee in monthly installments upon his release from prison. The sole issue

Connolly raises on appeal is whether the trial court erroneously imposed the $20 time-

payment fee pursuant to A.R.S. § 12-116. Although the amount in controversy might be

viewed as de minimis, no other Arizona decisions have directly addressed this precise issue,

and it is one of first impression for which we issue an opinion. See Ariz. R. Sup. Ct.

111(b)(4), 17A A.R.S.

¶2            Section 12-116(A) provides, in pertinent part:

                      In addition to any other assessment authorized by law, a
              fee of twenty dollars shall be assessed on each person who pays
              a court ordered penalty, fine, or sanction on a time payment
              basis, including parking penalties, restitution and juvenile
              monetary assessments. A time payment basis shall be any
              penalty, fine, or sanction not paid in full on the date the court
              imposed the fine, penalty or sanction.

¶3            We review issues of statutory construction de novo. State v. Heartfield, 196

Ariz. 407, ¶ 3, 998 P.2d 1080, 1081 (App. 2000). Connolly argues that the court-ordered

attorney and indigent assessment fees are not a “penalty, fine, or sanction” under § 12-116.

We agree.    Both fees are authorized by A.R.S. § 11-584(B)(1) and (3), the statute

enumerating a public defender’s duties, and they are imposed to reimburse the county for

costs of legal services. See State v. Oehlerking, 147 Ariz. 266, 269, 709 P.2d 900, 903 (App.

1985) (trial court is empowered to order reimbursement for legal services pursuant to Rule



                                             2
6.7(d), Ariz. R. Crim. P., 16A A.R.S.). Such fees are not punitive in nature or related to

other court-imposed penalties. Moreover, the absence of any reference to attorney fees in

§ 12-116, which specifically lists those assessments to which the time-payment fee applies,

indicates the legislature’s intent to exclude attorney fees from the statute. See State v.

Roscoe, 185 Ariz. 68, 71, 912 P.2d 1297, 1300 (1996) (expression of one or more items of

a class in a statute is construed as excluding those items not enumerated).

¶4            The state broadly argues that, because “the imposition of attorney’s fees is

often a ‘penalty, fine, or sanction,’” an order to pay fees is subject to the time-payment fee

under the statute. Assuming, without deciding, that attorney fees may be imposed as a

sanction, there is no evidence that the trial court intended that to be so in this case. To the

contrary, the trial court imposed a slightly mitigated sentence, noting it was not imposing a

presumptive term in light of certain mitigating factors, including Connolly’s family support

and his mental health issues. The sentence imposed can hardly be interpreted as showing a

predisposition by the court to sanction Connolly. The state also argues that, because

Connolly was ordered to make payments in monthly installments, which require

administrative processing, those payments necessarily fall under § 12-116. However,

because the fees are not punitive in nature, and absent language in the statute requiring the

imposition of a time-payment fee in every instance in which installment payments are

ordered, we will not read such terms into the statute. See State v. Sepahi, 206 Ariz. 321, ¶ 16,

78 P.3d 732, 735 (2003) (“[A] statute’s language is the most reliable index of its meaning.”).



                                               3
¶5            Because the trial court did not order Connolly to pay a “penalty, fine, or

sanction,” § 12-116(A), the court exceeded its jurisdiction in imposing the time-payment fee.

Therefore, although we affirm Connolly’s conviction and sentence, we vacate the

requirement that he pay the $20 time-payment fee.




                                         _______________________________________
                                         PHILIP G. ESPINOSA, Judge

CONCURRING:




_______________________________________
PETER J. ECKERSTROM, Presiding Judge




_______________________________________
JOSEPH W. HOWARD, Judge




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