                           NOT FOR PUBLICATION

                    UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
                                                                           FILED
                           FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT
                                                                            NOV 03 2015
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA,                        No. 13-50609           MOLLY C. DWYER, CLERK
                                                                         U.S. COURT OF APPEALS


              Plaintiff - Appellee,              D.C. No. 3:13-cr-03044-LAB-1

 v.
                                                 AMENDED MEMORANDUM*
ULICES MONTIEL,

              Defendant - Appellant.


                    Appeal from the United States District Court
                      for the Southern District of California
                     Larry A. Burns, District Judge, Presiding

                           Submitted August 31, 2015**
                              Pasadena, California

Before: GRABER, RAWLINSON, and WATFORD, Circuit Judges.

      Defendant Ulices Montiel appeals from his conviction, after a jury trial, for

transporting illegal aliens in violation of 8 U.S.C. § 1324(a)(1)(A)(ii). We affirm.

      The sole question presented is whether Defendant’s confession was

voluntary. We review de novo the conclusion of voluntariness, United States v.

        *
         This disposition is not appropriate for publication and is not precedent
except as provided by 9th Cir. R. 36-3.
        **
          The panel unanimously concludes that this case is suitable for decision
without oral argument. Fed. R. App. P. 34(a)(2).
Crawford, 372 F.3d 1048, 1053 (9th Cir. 2004) (en banc), but review the district

court’s underlying findings of fact for clear error, United States v. Gamez, 301

F.3d 1138, 1144 (9th Cir. 2002). We owe special deference to the trial court’s

credibility determinations. United States v. Nelson, 137 F.3d 1094, 1110 (9th Cir.

1998).

      Here, the pivotal issue is whether Agent Hamilton induced Defendant to

confess by promising him that, if he provided information, he would not be

charged with a crime. During the drive from the border to El Centro, Defendant

asked Hamilton if he could avoid being charged with a crime if he gave

information; Hamilton replied that he would ask his boss.1 Defendant claimed that,

after they arrived at the station, Hamilton left him alone for ten minutes, while

parked in a secure area, after which Hamilton returned and asked Defendant,

"You’re ready to go home?" Hamilton denied that he ever left Defendant alone in

the car, denied asking that question, and denied making any promise to Defendant.



      1
        Defendant argues that, although Hamilton said that he would ask his boss,
he did not ask his boss, thereby making a false promise. But Defendant’s claim of
inducement rests on much more than the foregoing promise; the alleged promise on
which Defendant relied in his testimony at the district court was the one discussed
below, in text, which the district court permissibly disbelieved. If Hamilton is
believed, he never left Defendant’s side until the interrogating officers took over
and, thus, Defendant could not possibly have thought that Hamilton talked to his
boss before Defendant confessed.
                                           2
The district court believed Hamilton’s version of events, after asking several

follow-up questions and considering all the circumstances. We defer to the court’s

assessment of credibility and see no clear error in the court’s resulting findings of

fact.

        Given those findings, on de novo review we conclude that the confession

was voluntary. Indeed, apart from urging this court to reject Agent Hamilton’s

testimony, Defendant does not point to anything about the circumstances of the

interrogation or about his own personal characteristics that would have rendered

the confession involuntary.

        AFFIRMED.




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