                                                                      FILED
                                                                   JULY 11, 2019
                                                           In the Office of the Clerk of Court
                                                          WA State Court of Appeals, Division III



            IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF THE STATE OF WASHINGTON
                               DIVISION THREE

SETH BURRILL PRODUCTIONS, INC.,               )         No. 35572-1-III
a Washington corporation,                     )
                                              )
                     Respondent,              )
                                              )
       v.                                     )         UNPUBLISHED OPINION
                                              )
REBEL CREEK TACKLE, INC., a                   )
Washington corporation,                       )
                                              )
                     Appellant.               )

       PENNELL, A.C.J. — Rebel Creek Tackle, Inc. appeals orders from the Spokane

County Superior Court denying summary judgment and imposing CR 11 sanctions.

We affirm the orders on review and award attorney fees and costs to Seth Burrill

Productions, Inc.

                                    BACKGROUND

       Rebel Creek Tackle, Inc. (RCT) was formed to handle the business affairs of a

fishing lure that came to be known as the “‘Bud’s Diver.’” Seth Burrill II, slip op. at 2. 1


       1
         Unless otherwise noted, background facts are drawn from this court’s two prior
decisions in this matter, Seth Burrill Prods., Inc. v. Rebel Creek Tackle, Inc., No. 32119-
3-III (Wash. Ct. App. July 7, 2015) (Seth Burrill I) (unpublished),
https://www.courts.wa.gov/opinions/pdf/321193.unp.pdf, and Seth Burrill Prods., Inc., v.
Rebel Creek Tackle, Inc., No. 34401-1-III (Wash. Ct. App. Apr. 11, 2017) (Seth Burrill
II) (unpublished), https://www.courts.wa.gov/opinions/pdf/344011_unp.pdf.
No. 35572-1-III
Seth Burrill Prods., Inc. v. Rebel Creek Tackle, Inc.


RCT licensed Seth Burrill Productions, Inc. (SBP) as “the exclusive producer and

distributor of the lures, granting it ‘full, unrestricted use of the injection molds,’” which

were later sent to Plastic Injection Molds, Inc. (PIM), for production in Richland,

Washington. Seth Burrill I, slip op. at 1-2.

       The 2010 license agreement (Agreement) between RCT and SBP required SBP to

sell 15,000 units within the first five years of the Agreement, and thereafter sell at least

3,000 units per year. The Agreement specified that if SBP did not meet these sales

expectations, RCT could terminate the Agreement by written notice within 30 days of the

five-year anniversary date, or, thereafter, by 30 days’ notice.

       Due to conflicts between the parties, RCT unilaterally terminated the Agreement

in 2012 and started distributing the fishing lures produced by PIM. SBP brought a breach

of contract action and, in May 2013, an arbitrator determined that RCT breached the

Agreement and entered an award that reinstated the Agreement, with modifications, and

provided damages. Some of the modifications to the Agreement included that (1) SBP

was to have use of the injection molds, (2) RCT was to “‘cooperate in the transfer and/or

delivery of said molds as requested by [SBP],’” Seth Burrill I, slip op. at 2 (alteration in

original), and (3) the expiration date for termination of the Agreement was extended from

May 31, 2015, to May 31, 2016, such that the Agreement became a six-year contract


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Seth Burrill Prods., Inc. v. Rebel Creek Tackle, Inc.


instead of a five-year contract. A month later, SBP successfully obtained an order

confirming the arbitration award, pursuant to RCW 7.04A.220 and RCW 7.04A.250,

in Spokane County Superior Court cause number 13-2-01982-0.

       Shortly after prevailing in arbitration, SBP contacted PIM to get the injection

molds transferred for the lures, but because the molds were RCT’s property, PIM would

not provide SBP the molds without permission. After unsuccessfully attempting to

contact RCT, SBP contacted RCT’s counsel who refused to agree to the transfer of the

molds, told PIM to not give SBP the molds, and told SBP that he no longer represented

RCT. After further unsuccessful attempts to contact RCT, SBP filed a motion for

contempt in the superior court, which then determined RCT intentionally violated the

court order confirming the arbitration award, and imposed remedial sanctions. RCT

appealed, and this court found RCT’s appeal was without any merit, affirmed the superior

court’s contempt finding, and awarded attorney fees and costs for the appeal to SBP.

       Despite this court’s ruling, SBP was unable to collect from RCT on its judgment,

so SBP “offered to forgo a portion of the judgment amount and release other claims

against [RCT] in exchange for partial payment of the judgment and assignment of the

molds,” and the patent assets. Seth Burrill II, slip op. at 3. SBP also wanted to engage in

discovery of RCT’s assets. Ultimately, RCT expressed no desire to accept SBP’s offer,


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which led to SBP’s motion “for an order authorizing supplemental proceedings to

determine the extent of [RCT’s] nonexempt property available to satisfy the judgment.”

Id. Later on, when SBP served RCT with written discovery requests authorized by the

superior court, RCT’s answers provided that “it did not have a current bank account, an

insurance policy, a corporate minute book, or financial statements and had not filed

income tax returns or made a profit between 2010 and 2013.” Id. at 4. RCT claimed that

the only assets it owned were the fishing lure molds, its patent assets, its Agreement with

SBP, and an application for rights outside of the United States.

       Due to SBP’s concerns about ever collecting on its judgment, in the spring of

2016, SBP filed a motion in superior court “to appoint a general receiver for [RCT] and

order [RCT] to assign the patent and molds to the receiver.” Id. at 5. The superior court

granted SBP’s motion for a receivership. RCT immediately filed a notice of appeal and

moved in the superior court for a stay of the receivership. RCT then paid a large cash

sum into the registry of the superior court and filed a notice of supersedeas, but the

superior court denied RCT’s motion for stay.

       RCT moved for discretionary review of the order denying a stay of the

receivership. It also filed a motion for stay in this court. Appellate review commenced

after our commissioner ruled that the receivership order was appealable as a matter of


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right. The commissioner also stayed the receivership during the pendency of the appeal.

       While this matter was on appeal, RCT’s counsel prepared a motion for declaratory

judgment of termination of the Agreement, dated June 1, 2016. The motion bears no case

number, but it is captioned as a pleading for the Court of Appeals. 2 The body of the

motion states it has been “filed in both the Court of Appeals and in the Spokane County

Superior Court.” Clerk’s Papers at 73. This representation is misleading. The motion

was filed with this court as part of the then-pending appeal. However, it was not directly

filed with the superior court. Instead, the motion was merely e-mailed to the superior

court. Id. at 79-80. A copy of the motion only made its way into the superior court file as

part of the appellate record from the prior appeal.

       The substance of RCT’s declaratory judgment motion alleged that SBP had

breached the Agreement by failing to sell 15,000 Bud’s Diver units by June 1, 2016 (the

date specified in the arbitration award). RCT’s motion claimed it was noted for hearing

on June 2, 2016. Id. at 73. The record on review does not show that such a hearing ever

occurred.


       2
         The top caption of the pleading reads, “IN THE COURT OF APPEALS,
DIVISION III, STATE OF WASHINGTON.” Clerk’s Papers at 73. The pleading is
entitled “APPELLANT’S MOTION FOR DECLARATORY JUDGMENT OF
TERMINATION OF LICENSE AGREEMENT AND FOR HEARING ON AN
EMERGENCY BASIS ON JUNE 2, 2016.” Id.

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       In a decision dated April 11, 2017, this court determined the superior court did not

abuse its discretion in granting SBP’s motion to appoint a receiver, affirmed the order

appointing the receiver and the superior court’s refusal to assess RCT’s post-judgment

claim to setoffs, and awarded SBP attorney fees and costs. A mandate was filed

terminating review of the case on May 11, 2017.

       Shortly after issuance of the mandate, the superior court entered orders terminating

the receivership and disbursing the cash funds held in the court’s registry. The court’s

orders resolved the parties’ dispute regarding the initial arbitration award and contempt

sanction. The court orders provided that SBP was to file a satisfaction of judgment with

the superior court after receiving the disbursement. However, no satisfaction of judgment

was filed.

       On July 6, 2017, RCT filed a motion for summary judgment in the superior court.

The motion purported to relate to the motion for declaratory judgment that had been filed

with the Court of Appeals in June 2016. RCT’s motion requested a declaration that the

Agreement was terminated and that rights and access to Bud’s Diver be returned to RCT.

RCT’s motion was not supported by any authenticated documents. Instead, RCT

appended a series of unsworn exhibits to its memorandum of authorities in support of

summary judgment.


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       After RCT filed for summary judgment, SBP contacted RCT’s counsel requesting

that RCT withdraw its motion as it was not grounded in fact or law, and SBP notified

RCT that if it was not going to withdraw its motion, SBP would pursue CR 11 sanctions

against RCT’s counsel.

       RCT declined to withdraw its motion for summary judgment, and SBP filed a

memorandum opposing RCT’s motion and a separate motion for CR 11 sanctions against

RCT’s counsel. In its response to SBP’s opposition to summary judgment and motion

for CR 11 sanctions, RCT argued its motion for declaratory judgment was proper since

the original superior court case had not yet been dismissed. RCT also requested CR 11

sanctions against SBP.

       The superior court denied RCT’s motions for summary judgment and for CR 11

sanctions. The court granted SBP’s motion for CR 11 sanctions. In its oral ruling,

the superior court explained that the main issue with RCT’s summary judgment motion

was that there were no pleadings tied to RCT’s claims. The court imposed $4,500 in

CR 11 sanctions. Payment was to be made by counsel for RCT to counsel for SBP as

recoupment for having to defend the summary judgment motion.

       After the superior court made its ruling, RCT requested that it stay the case since

the matter would proceed to arbitration. The superior court initially granted RCT’s


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request for a stay, but after reconsideration it denied RCT’s request. In doing so, the

superior court stated that it did not make a ruling as to whether the parties’ dispute must

go to arbitration and that the parties agreed that arbitration was an available option. The

superior court further explained its CR 11 sanctions were also due to the frivolousness of

RCT’s countermotion for CR 11 sanctions against SBP.

       Shortly after the superior court’s ruling, RCT filed a claim for arbitration. An

arbitration decision and award was entered on January 22, 2018, and filed in the superior

court on May 9, 2018. The arbitration decision granted RCT its requested relief and ruled

that the Agreement was terminated due to SBP’s failure to meet sales target requirements.

The arbitrator also awarded RCT payment for outstanding royalties in an amount that had

already been offered by SBP prior to the arbitration. The arbitration decision concluded

that RCT and SBP would share equally in the payment of arbitration fees and costs, and

neither party would be awarded attorney fees or costs.

       During the interim of the arbitration proceedings, RCT appealed the superior

court’s decision on RCT’s motion for summary judgment and the CR 11 sanctions.




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                                        ANALYSIS

Summary judgment and motion to stay

       RCT contends the superior court erred in denying its motion for summary

judgment because SBP failed to sell the required units under the Agreement, which

allowed for termination of the Agreement, and the superior court failed to consider and

decide which forum was required to hear these issues. RCT further argues that when the

superior court found the Agreement and termination issue should proceed to arbitration,

the superior court abused its discretion in declining to stay the case.

       RCT’s challenge to the superior court’s summary judgment ruling, ruling on

arbitrability, and motion for stay have been rendered moot by the outcome of arbitration.

Arbitration has taken place despite the denial of a stay and that forum has settled the

issues of whether SBP breached the Agreement and owed RCT royalties. This court

cannot provide further relief. Thus, the substantive issue of whether RCT should have

prevailed on its summary judgment motion and motion to stay are not issues that require

appellate resolution.

CR 11 sanctions

       The purpose of CR 11 is to prevent baseless filings, filings made for improper

purposes, and abuses of the judicial system. Biggs v. Vail, 124 Wn.2d 193, 197, 876 P.2d


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448 (1994); Bryant v. Joseph Tree, Inc., 119 Wn.2d 210, 219, 829 P.2d 1099 (1992). If a

party engages in such conduct, the court can impose an appropriate sanction. CR 11(a).

A baseless filing is one not supported by the facts or existing law. Bryant, 119 Wn.2d at

219-20. In awarding sanctions for a baseless filing, the court must assess “whether a

reasonable attorney in like circumstances could believe his or her actions to be factually

and legally justified.” Id. at 220. Because CR 11 sanctions have a potential chilling

effect, a court should impose sanctions only when it is “patently clear that a claim has

absolutely no chance of success.” Skimming v. Boxer, 119 Wn. App. 748, 755, 82 P.3d

707 (2004).

       A superior court’s decision to impose CR 11 sanctions is reviewed for abuse of

discretion. Id. at 754. This is a deferential standard. We will not reverse a superior

court’s CR 11 decision unless “its order is manifestly unreasonable or based on untenable

grounds.” Wash. State Physicians Ins. Exch. & Ass’n v. Fisons Corp., 122 Wn.2d 299,

339, 858 P.2d 1054 (1993). An order meets this standard only if it falls outside the

bounds of a decision a reasonable person could make. State v. Castellanos, 132 Wn.2d

94, 97, 935 P.2d 1353 (1997).

       The superior court’s CR 11 sanctions against counsel for RCT were justified for

several reasons. First, as noted by the superior court, RCT lacked a proper basis for filing


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a summary judgment motion because the motion was not tied to any existing legal claims.

SBP initiated the superior court case in order to confirm an arbitration decision and to

hold RCT in contempt for failing to abide by the decision. RCT’s request for declaratory

relief was factually and legally unrelated to these issues. RCT may have had a justifiable

desire for a declaratory judgment, confirming termination of the Agreement. It may have

also been legally defensible to argue that the declaratory judgment was not subject to

arbitration. But these substantive issues are beside the point. To obtain relief, RCT

needed to initiate a new cause of action (which has since been done). It was not

appropriate to attempt to piggyback off of an unrelated, preexisting case.

       Second, RCT’s motion for summary judgment was not supported by properly

authenticated exhibits. CR 56(e); SentinelC3, Inc. v. Hunt, 181 Wn.2d 127, 141, 331 P.3d

40 (2014). Counsel for SBP repeatedly advised counsel for RCT of the problems with its

filings, but RCT simply ignored the issue.

       Finally, RCT lacked a viable basis for requesting CR 11 sanctions against counsel

for SBP. When the superior court pressed counsel for RCT to explain its sanctions

motion, counsel for RCT simply stated that it was entitled to prevail on the merits of its

request to terminate the Agreement. This does not come close to meeting the criteria for

CR 11 sanctions. A party’s pleadings are not subject to CR 11 sanctions simply because


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they are unsuccessful. Instead, as set forth above, CR 11 is aimed at preventing baseless

filings that are not grounded in fact or law. RCT failed to provide any explanation of

how SBP’s court filings (which were ultimately successful) failed to meet this standard.

       Not only was the superior court justified in imposing CR 11 sanctions, the

sanctions were also reasonable in scope. SBP initially requested $13,000 in sanctions,

based on the time incurred responding to RCT’s motion. But the superior court only

imposed $4,500, explaining that it was a reasonable attorney fee recoupment. This was

an adequate exercise of discretion.

                            ATTORNEY FEES AND COSTS

       Both RCT and SBP request attorney fees on appeal pursuant to RAP 18.1 and

RAP 18.9(a). RAP 18.9(a) “permits an appellate court to award a party attorney fees as

sanctions, terms, or compensatory damages when the opposing party files a frivolous

appellate action.” Advocates for Responsible Dev. v. W. Wash. Growth Mgmt. Hrgs. Bd.,

170 Wn.2d 577, 578, 245 P.3d 764 (2010). “An appeal is frivolous if, considering the

entire record, the court is convinced that the appeal presents no debatable issues upon

which reasonable minds might differ, and that the appeal is so devoid of merit that there

is no possibility of reversal.” Id.




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       We find RCT’s appeal frivolous and, as a result, SBP is entitled to attorney fees as

sanctions under RAP 18.9(a). 3 Counsel for RCT has inaccurately represented the manner

in which it filed the motion for declaratory judgment, as set forth above. The declaratory

motion was never properly filed as a superior court motion, requesting action by the

superior court. 4 In addition, even if the declaratory judgment motion had been filed with

the superior court, the motions for declaratory judgment and summary judgment would

still have been improper as they were unrelated to any pending claims for relief in the

superior court. RCT received fair warning of the deficiencies in its filings from both SBP

and the superior court. Yet RCT persisted with this appeal and has never provided a

tenable response to the procedural flaws outlined by SBP and the superior court. Instead,

RCT’s briefing is devoted to the issues of arbitrability and whether the parties’

Agreement had been terminated—issues that were rendered moot by the arbitration



       3
         It necessarily follows that RCT is not entitled to attorney fees or costs.
       4
         The motion for declaratory judgment is not included in the record on review,
except as an unsworn exhibit to RCT’s motion for summary judgment. In response to
SBP’s claim that RCT’s motion was never filed, RCT has merely cited a letter received
from counsel for SBP, stating, “‘In addition, your Motion for Declaratory Judgment of
Termination of License Agreement, filed with the Spokane County Superior Court on
June 1, 2016, . . . [.]’” Appellant’s Reply Br. at 2 n.2. This citation to correspondence
does not constitute proof of filing. This court has had to engage in an independent review
of court records in order to discern whether and how the declaratory judgment motion
was filed.

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decision that was issued in RCT' s favor prior to filing of RCT' s opening brief.

                                     CONCLUSION

       The orders on appeal are affirmed. SBP shall be awarded reasonable attorney fees

and costs on appeal, subject to its timely compliance with RAP 14.4 and RAP 18.1 (d).

       A majority of the panel has determined this opinion will not be printed in

the Washington Appellate Reports, but it will be filed for public record pursuant to

RCW 2.06.040.


                                             Q
                                          Pennell, A.CJ.

WE CONCUR:




                                             14
