[Cite as State v. Moore, 2015-Ohio-4182.]


                 Court of Appeals of Ohio
                                EIGHTH APPELLATE DISTRICT
                                   COUNTY OF CUYAHOGA


                               JOURNAL ENTRY AND OPINION
                                       No. 102400




                                      STATE OF OHIO
                                                     PLAINTIFF-APPELLEE

                                               vs.

                               CHRISTOPHER MOORE
                                                     DEFENDANT-APPELLANT




                                            JUDGMENT:
                                             AFFIRMED


                                    Criminal Appeal from the
                             Cuyahoga County Court of Common Pleas
                                   Case No. CR-14-583768-A

        BEFORE: Keough, P.J., E.A. Gallagher, J., and Kilbane, J.

        RELEASED AND JOURNALIZED: October 8, 2015
ATTORNEY FOR APPELLANT

Joseph E. Feighan, III
14516 Detroit Avenue
Lakewood, Ohio 44107

ATTORNEYS FOR APPELLEE

Timothy J. McGinty
Cuyahoga County Prosecutor
By: Margaret A. Troia
Assistant Prosecuting Attorney
The Justice Center, 9th Floor
1200 Ontario Street
Cleveland, Ohio 44113
KATHLEEN ANN KEOUGH, P.J.:

       {¶1} Defendant-appellant, Christopher Moore, appeals his conviction for rape and

gross sexual imposition. Finding no merit to the appeal, we affirm.

       {¶2} Moore was named in a six-count indictment charging him with two counts of

rape and kidnapping, and one count of domestic violence and intimidation of a crime

victim or witness. Four of the counts contained sexually violent predator specifications,

and both rape counts were punishable by a life sentence because the victim was less than

thirteen years of age.

       {¶3} Moore pleaded guilty to an amended first-degree felony count of rape and an

amended third-degree felony count of gross sexual imposition. The remaining counts

were dismissed. After obtaining a presentence investigation report and merging the two

counts for sentencing, the trial court ordered Moore to serve ten years in prison on the

amended rape count.

       {¶4} Moore now appeals, raising as his sole assignment of error that the trial court

failed to properly advise him pursuant to Crim.R. 11(C)(2)(a) of the maximum penalty

involved at the time of his plea.       Specifically, Moore contends that the trial court

committed reversible error when it incorrectly informed him that his guilty plea to a felony

of the first degree would result in a possible prison term of three to eleven months.

       {¶5} Under Crim.R. 11(C)(2), before accepting a guilty plea, a trial court must

address the defendant personally and determine that he is making the plea voluntarily
“with understanding of the nature of the charges and the maximum penalty involved.” A

trial court must strictly comply with the Crim.R. 11(C)(2) requirements regarding the

waiver of constitutional rights. State v. Veney, 120 Ohio St.3d 176, 2008-Ohio-5200, 897

N.E.2d 621.

       {¶6} However, as to the nonconstitutional advisements under Crim.R. 11, such as a

defendant’s right to be informed at the plea hearing of the maximum possible penalty that

could be imposed upon conviction, strict compliance is strongly preferred, but not

required.     State v. Nero, 56 Ohio St.3d 106, 108, 564 N.E.2d 474 (1990). Thus, a

defendant’s plea will not be vacated on this basis so long as a trial court has substantially

complied with the rule. Id.

       {¶7} “Substantial compliance means that under the totality of the circumstances the

defendant subjectively understands the implications of his plea and the rights he is

waiving.” Id. “[I]f it appears from the record that the defendant appreciated the effect of

his plea and his waiver of rights in spite of the trial court’s error, there is still substantial

compliance.”     State v. Caplinger, 105 Ohio App.3d 567, 572, 664 N.E.2d 959 (4th

Dist.1995).

       {¶8} Furthermore, “[a] defendant must show prejudice before a plea will be vacated

for a trial court’s error involving Crim.R. 11(C) procedure when nonconstitutional aspects

of the colloquy are at issue.” Veney at ¶ 17. The test for prejudice is whether the plea

would have otherwise been made. Nero at 108.
       {¶9} In this case, we find that the trial court substantially complied with the

nonconstitutional requirements of Crim.R. 11. We recognize that the trial court misstated

that the penalty for rape, a first-degree felony, was three to eleven months instead of years.

 However, the state questioned the court about the misstatement, and the court quickly

corrected its mistake by advising Moore that the penalty for the rape offense was three to

eleven years. After the correction, the trial court made certain that the corrected penalty

did not change anything for Moore concerning his guilty plea. Moore specifically stated

that it did not.   This immediate correction and Moore’s answer to the trial court’s

pertinent question demonstrates that Moore understood the potential maximum penalty he

faced for the first-degree felony rape charge. Therefore, we find that the trial court

substantially complied with the nonconstitutional advisements and that Moore entered a

knowing, voluntary, and intelligent plea.

       {¶10} Additionally, Moore has failed to demonstrate that he was prejudiced by this

initial misstatement, such that he would not have entered the plea. Had Moore truly

believed that he was only facing three to eleven months for the first-degree felony, he

could have moved to withdraw his plea prior to sentencing, which was conducted on a

subsequent date. Moore’s failure to try to withdraw his plea prior to sentencing, confirms

that he was fully apprised of the potential penalties he was facing as a result of the plea.

Therefore, we can infer that Moore only seeks to withdraw his plea now based on a change

of heart, which is not an appropriate basis to withdraw an otherwise knowing, voluntary,

and intelligent plea. State v. Westley, 8th Dist. Cuyahoga No. 97650, 2012-Ohio-3571, ¶
7, citing State v. Drake, 73 Ohio App.3d 640, 645, 598 N.E.2d 115 (8th Dist.1991) (mere

change of heart regarding a guilty plea and the possible sentence is insufficient

justification for the withdrawal of a guilty plea). The assignment of error is overruled.

       {¶11} Judgment affirmed.

       It is ordered that appellee recover from appellant costs herein taxed.

       The court finds there were reasonable grounds for this appeal.

       It is ordered that a special mandate issue out of this court directing the common

pleas court to carry this judgment into execution. The defendant’s convictions having

been affirmed, any bail pending appeal is terminated. Case remanded to the trial court for

execution of sentence.

       A certified copy of this entry shall constitute the mandate pursuant to Rule 27 of the

Rules of Appellate Procedure.




KATHLEEN ANN KEOUGH, PRESIDING JUDGE

MARY EILEEN KILBANE, J., CONCURS;
EILEEN A. GALLAGHER, J., CONCURS (WITH SEPARATE OPINION)

EILEEN A. GALLAGHER, J., CONCURRING WITH SEPARATE OPINION:

       {¶12} I concur with the decision and opinion of the majority but I do not believe

that there was any reasonable grounds for this appeal.

       {¶13} The trial court, during the plea colloquy, mistakenly advised the appellant

that the possible penalties for Count 1 as amended were three to eleven months prior to the
entry of a plea. However, the court corrected itself after an advisement by the prosecutor

of the inadvertent mistake, advised the appellant:

       Three to eleven years. Did I say months? It’s three, four, five, six, seven,
       eight, nine, ten or eleven years. Does that change anything for you? To that
       query, appellant replied “no.”

       {¶14} I would then find that this was a frivolous appeal.
