                           UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
                        MERIT SYSTEMS PROTECTION BOARD


     RANDY ALLEN ESTES,                              DOCKET NUMBER
                  Appellant,                         PH-4324-15-0268-I-1

                  v.

     DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY,                         DATE: February 10, 2016
                 Agency.



             THIS FINAL ORDER IS NONPRECEDENTIAL 1

           Randy Allen Estes, College Park, Maryland, pro se.

           Marge Overly, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland, for the agency.


                                           BEFORE

                              Susan Tsui Grundmann, Chairman
                                 Mark A. Robbins, Member


                                       FINAL ORDER

¶1         The appellant has filed a petition for review of the initial decision, which
     dismissed his appeal for lack of jurisdiction. Generally, we grant petitions such
     as this one only when: the initial decision contains erroneous findings of material
     fact; the initial decision is based on an erroneous interpretation of statute or
     regulation or the erroneous application of the law to the facts of the case; the

     1
        A nonprecedential order is one that the Board has determined does not add
     significantly to the body of MSPB case law. Parties may cite nonprecedential orders,
     but such orders have no precedential value; the Board and administrative judges are not
     required to follow or distinguish them in any future decisions. In contrast, a
     precedential decision issued as an Opinion and Order has been identified by the Board
     as significantly contributing to the Board’s case law. See 5 C.F.R. § 1201.117(c).
                                                                                       2

     administrative judge’s rulings during either the course of the appeal or the initial
     decision were not consistent with required procedures or involved an abuse of
     discretion, and the resulting error affected the outcome of the case; or new and
     material evidence or legal argument is available that, despite the petitioner’s due
     diligence, was not available when the record closed. See title 5 of the Code of
     Federal Regulations, section 1201.115 (5 C.F.R. § 1201.115).           After fully
     considering the filings in this appeal, we conclude that the petitioner has not
     established any basis under section 1201.115 for granting the petition for review.
     Therefore, we DENY the petition for review and AFFIRM the initial decision,
     which is now the Board’s final decision. 5 C.F.R. § 1201.113(b).
¶2        The appellant filed an appeal claiming that the agency exerted sufficient
     hiring and firing influence over his private sector employment, and thus, the
     agency should be considered his co-employer under the Uniformed Services
     Employment and Reemployment Rights Act of 1994 (codified at 38 U.S.C.
     §§ 4301-4333) (USERRA).       In this connection, the appellant claimed that the
     agency influenced his employer (The Informatics Applications Group, Inc.
     (TIAG), a private contractor) to remove him from his position in reprisal for
     engaging in protected USERRA activity. Initial Appeal File (IAF), Tab 1. The
     appellant also asserted that the agency removed him without providing him due
     process. Id.
¶3        After conducting a hearing, the administrative judge dismissed the appeal
     for lack of jurisdiction. The administrative judge found that the agency did not
     exert direct control over the appellant’s employment as required under Silva v.
     Department of Homeland Security, 112 M.S.P.R. 362 (2009), and therefore, the
     agency is not a co-employer under USERRA.            Initial Decision (ID) at 4-6.
     Accordingly, the administrative judge dismissed the appeal without reaching the
     substance of the appellant’s allegations. Id. The appellant filed a petition for
                                                                                             3

     review of the initial decision, and the agency has filed a response. 2 Petition for
     Review (PFR) File, Tabs 1, 3.
¶4        The Board’s jurisdiction is limited to those matters over which it has been
     given jurisdiction by law, rule, or regulation.            Maddox v. Merit Systems
     Protection Board, 759 F.2d 9, 10 (Fed. Cir. 1985). The appellant must show by
     preponderant evidence that the Board has jurisdiction over his appeal. 5 C.F.R.
     § 1201.56(a)(2)(i). A preponderance of the evidence is that degree of relevant
     evidence that a reasonable person, considering the record as a whole, would
     accept as sufficient to find that a contested fact is more likely to be true than
     untrue. 5 C.F.R. § 1201.56(c)(2).
¶5        On    review,    the    appellant    challenges    the    administrative    judge’s
     determination that the Board does not have jurisdiction over this appeal and he
     requests the opportunity for additional discovery. PFR File, Tab 1. Specifically,
     the appellant asserts that, despite filing a timely Freedom of Information Act

     2
       After the close of the record on review, on September 16, 2015, the appellant
     submitted a copy of the redacted investigative report, and on September 20, 2015, he
     submitted a subsequent motion to have his petition for review delayed until he received
     a more informative copy of the report. PFR File, Tabs 4-5. On September 22, 2015,
     the agency filed a response in which it asserts that the appellant’s submissions are
     untimely and that he is seeking to bypass the Board’s discovery regulations. PFR File,
     Tab 6. The appellant then filed two additional pleadings on December 3 and
     December 7, 2015, in which he submitted a copy of a letter he received in response to a
     Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) request and several documents which appear to
     have been provided to him in response to a FOIA request. PFR File, Tabs 7-8. On
     December 14, 2015, the agency filed a response to the appellant’s December 3 and
     December 7 pleadings. PFR File, Tab 9. The Board’s regulations do not provide for
     pleadings other than a petition for review, a cross petition for review, a response to the
     petition for review or cross petition for review, and a reply to a response. 5 C.F.R.
     § 1201.114(a). For the Board to consider a party’s pleading, other than one of those
     set forth above, the party must describe the nature and need for the pleading. 5 C.F.R.
     § 1201.114(a)(5). If a party wishes to submit a pleading after the record has closed, the
     party also must show that the evidence was not readily available before the record
     closed. 5 C.F.R. § 1201.114(a)(5), (k). Thus, because the appellant failed to satisfy
     the foregoing criteria, we do not consider his additional pleadings filed on
     September 16, December 3 and December 7, and we deny his motion filed on
     September 20. We consequently do not consider the agency’s September 22 and
     December 14 submissions.
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     request with the agency to obtain the Investigative Officer’s (IO) report of the
     agency’s internal investigation, 3 he did not receive the IO report, and thus, he
     could not submit it during the proceedings below. Id. The appellant contends
     that, although the administrative judge advised him that he could have requested
     the IO report through the discovery process, he is pro se and he was unaware that
     he had this opportunity.      Id.   The appellant argues that the IO report is an
     important and relevant document and that he should be allowed the opportunity
     for additional discovery. Id. In response, the agency argues that the IO report
     is not new evidence because the appellant was notified of the investigative
     officer’s findings in September 2014, he could have sought the IO report during
     discovery, and he also could have elicited information on the report from the
     agency’s witnesses during the hearing. PFR File, Tab 3.
¶6         The appellant concedes that he did not comply with the Board’s discovery
     procedures but he contends that his pro se status should allow him an extended
     period of time in which to pursue discovery. PFR File, Tab 1. However, the
     record reflects that the Board’s March 30, 2015 Acknowledgement Order clearly
     apprised the parties of the availability of discovery, the Board’s guidelines for
     engaging in discovery, and where to find the applicable regulations. IAF, Tab 2.
     The Board has held that, where an appellant has received specific notice of the
     Board’s discovery procedures, but fails to comply with those procedures and, if
     necessary, to file a motion to compel, he has failed to exercise due diligence. See
     Buscher v. U.S. Postal Service, 69 M.S.P.R. 204, 210 (1995); Head v. Office of
     Personnel Management, 53 M.S.P.R. 421, 422 (1992) (explaining that, absent a
     motion to compel, the appellant failed to exercise due diligence in pursuing
     discovery). The Board also has held that an appellant’s pro se status does not
     excuse the failure to understand or comply with instructions.           See Sumrall v.
     Department of the Air Force, 85 M.S.P.R. 597, ¶ 13 (2000) (finding that an
     3
       The appellant claims that the report shows that agency officials were the subject of an
     internal investigation related to his removal from his position. PFR File, Tab 1.
                                                                                          5

     appellant’s lack of sophistication in Board matters and general inability to
     understand instructions and procedures were insufficient to show good cause for a
     filing delay).     Therefore, we find that the appellant has shown no error in
     this regard.
¶7         To the extent the appellant’s arguments on review are challenging the
     administrative judge’s determination that he failed to show that the agency is a
     co-employer under USERRA, the applicable law and the testimonial and record
     evidence support the administrative judge’s determination that the agency did not
     have sufficient control over the employment decisions and practices of TIAG to
     be considered the appellant’s “employer” for purposes of this Board appeal. ID
     at 5-6;    see   Silva,   112 M.S.P.R.   362,   ¶¶ 13-15,   19-20   (citing   38 U.S.C.
     § 4303(4)(A) (defining employer to include entities with “control over
     employment opportunities”)). As the administrative judge properly determined,
     the agency’s voicing its dissatisfaction with the appellant’s performance to TIAG,
     and the agency’s demand that the appellant leave its premises did not create a
     co-employer relationship, especially given, for instance, that TIAG could have
     found work for him on other contracts if it so desired. ID at 6. Therefore, we
     discern no reason to disturb these explained findings. See Crosby v. U.S. Postal
     Service, 74 M.S.P.R. 98, 106 (1997) (finding no reason to disturb the
     administrative judge’s findings where she considered the evidence as a whole,
     drew appropriate inferences, and made reasoned conclusions); Broughton v.
     Department of Health & Human Services, 33 M.S.P.R. 357, 359 (1987) (same).

                        NOTICE TO THE APPELLANT REGARDING
                           YOUR FURTHER REVIEW RIGHTS
               You have the right to request review of this final decision by the
     United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit. You must submit your
     request to the court at the following address:
                                                                                  6

                          United States Court of Appeals
                              for the Federal Circuit
                            717 Madison Place, N.W.
                             Washington, DC 20439

The court must receive your request for review no later than 60 calendar days
after the date of this order. See 5 U.S.C. § 7703(b)(1)(A) (as rev. eff. Dec. 27,
2012). If you choose to file, be very careful to file on time. The court has held
that normally it does not have the authority to waive this statutory deadline and
that filings that do not comply with the deadline must be dismissed. See Pinat v.
Office of Personnel Management, 931 F.2d 1544 (Fed. Cir. 1991).
      If you need further information about your right to appeal this decision to
court, you should refer to the Federal law that gives you this right. It is found in
title 5 of the U.S. Code, section 7703 (5 U.S.C. § 7703) (as rev. eff. Dec. 27,
2012). You may read this law as well as other sections of the U.S. Code, at our
website, http://www.mspb.gov/appeals/uscode.htm.        Additional information is
available at the court’s website, www.cafc.uscourts.gov. Of particular relevance
is the court’s “Guide for Pro Se Petitioners and Appellants,” which is contained
within the court’s Rules of Practice, and Forms 5, 6, and 11.
      If you are interested in securing pro bono representation for an appeal to
the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit, you may visit our website
at   http://www.mspb.gov/probono       for   information    regarding   pro    bono
representation for Merit Systems Protection Board appellants before the Federal
Circuit.   The Merit Systems Protection Board neither endorses the services
provided by any attorney nor warrants that any attorney will accept representation
in a given case.
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FOR THE BOARD:     ______________________________
                   William D. Spencer
                   Clerk of the Board
Washington, D.C.
