                              STATE OF WEST VIRGINIA
                            SUPREME COURT OF APPEALS


State of West Virginia,                                                                 FILED
Plaintiff Below, Respondent                                                         November 8, 2019
                                                                                      EDYTHE NASH GAISER, CLERK
vs.) No. 18-0460 (Wood County 16-F-226)                                               SUPREME COURT OF APPEALS
                                                                                          OF WEST VIRGINIA


Shannon Scott Hines,
Defendant Below, Petitioner



                               MEMORANDUM DECISION


       Petitioner Shannon Scott Hines, by counsel Timothy P. Rosinsky, appeals the Circuit Court
of Wood County’s April 26, 2018, order sentencing him to an indeterminate term of three to twenty
years of incarceration for two felony convictions. The State of West Virginia, by counsel Mindy
M. Parsley, filed a response. On appeal, petitioner argues that the circuit court abused its discretion
in imposing a sentence that was disproportionate to his crimes.

       This Court has considered the parties’ briefs and the record on appeal. The facts and legal
arguments are adequately presented, and the decisional process would not be significantly aided
by oral argument. Upon consideration of the standard of review, the briefs, and the record
presented, the Court finds no substantial question of law and no prejudicial error. For these reasons,
a memorandum decision affirming the circuit court’s order is appropriate under Rule 21 of the
Rules of Appellate Procedure.

        In September of 2016, petitioner was indicted on one count of counterfeiting, one count of
grand larceny, and three counts of third-offense shoplifting. In December of 2016, petitioner pled
guilty to the counterfeiting and grand larceny charges.1 In consideration for his guilty plea, the
State agreed to dismiss the remaining counts of the indictment and make “a non-binding
recommendation of concurrent sentencing.” Petitioner moved for alternative sentencing and
represented that he would enter an inpatient substance abuse treatment facility if granted a post-
conviction bond. Ultimately, the circuit court granted the motion upon a condition that petitioner

       1
         Pursuant to West Virginia Code § 61-4-3, a person found guilty of counterfeiting “shall be
deemed guilty of a felony, and, upon conviction, shall be confined in the penitentiary not less than
two nor more than ten years.” Additionally, West Virginia Code § 61-3-13 provides that a person
found guilty of grand larceny “shall be imprisoned in the penitentiary not less than one nor more
than ten years, or, in the discretion of the court, be confined in jail not more than one year and shall
be fined not more than two thousand five hundred dollars.”
                                                       1
return to the North Central Regional Jail “if [he] leaves the program for any reason whether the
reason is voluntary, involuntary, or upon successful completion of the inpatient program in lieu of
bond.” Petitioner was released from the regional jail and transported directly to the specified
treatment facility.

        In January of 2017, petitioner’s probation officer provided the circuit court with notice that
petitioner was discharged from his substance abuse treatment facility due to his “conduct and non-
compliance.” The probation officer’s report provided that petitioner participated in the program
for “16 days out of 28 days” and “failed to meet any of his goals and objectives.” The circuit court
held a sentencing hearing in February of 2017. Petitioner did not appear, but was represented by
counsel. The circuit court issued a capias warrant due to petitioner’s failure to appear. Petitioner
was apprehended fifteen months later.

       The circuit court held the final sentencing hearing in April of 2018. Petitioner
acknowledged how substance abuse negatively affected his life and requested alternative
sentencing to participate in an inpatient substance abuse treatment facility. Petitioner asserted that
since he was discharged from his prior treatment he had been free from heroin, his admitted drug
of choice. However, petitioner acknowledged that he had recently been convicted of domestic
violence. The State cited petitioner’s failure to complete the treatment program and his lengthy
criminal history in support of its motion for consecutive sentences. Ultimately, the circuit court
denied petitioner’s motion for alternative sentencing. The circuit court sentenced petitioner to
consecutive terms of incarceration of not less than two nor more than ten years for counterfeiting
and not less than one nor more than ten years for grand larceny. The circuit court entered a
sentencing order reflecting its decision on April 26, 2018. It is from this order that petitioner now
appeals.

         “‘The Supreme Court of Appeals reviews sentencing orders . . . under a deferential abuse
of discretion standard, unless the order violates statutory or constitutional commands.’ Syl. Pt. 1,
in part, State v. Lucas, 201 W.Va. 271, 496 S.E.2d 221 (1997).” Syl. Pt. 1, State v. James, 227 W.
Va. 407, 710 S.E.2d 98 (2011). “This Court has also specified that ‘[s]entences imposed by the trial
court, if within statutory limits and if not based on some [im]permissible factor, are not subject to
appellate review.’ Syl. Pt. 4, State v. Goodnight, 169 W.Va. 366, 287 S.E.2d 504 (1982).” State v.
Fleming, 237 W. Va. 44, 58, 784 S.E.2d 743, 757 (2016).

        Petitioner argues that his sentence is unconstitutionally disproportionate to his crimes.
“Article III, Section 5 of the West Virginia Constitution contains the cruel and unusual punishment
counterpart to the Eighth Amendment of the United States Constitution, has an express statement
of the proportionality principle: ‘Penalties shall be proportioned to the character and degree of the
offence.’” Syl. Pt. 8, State v. Vance, 164 W. Va. 216, 262 S.E.2d 423 (1980).

         Petitioner asserts that the circuit court imposed consecutive sentences as retribution for his
failure to appear for his first sentencing hearing. Petitioner stresses that his substance abuse induced
his criminal activity and that he remained heroin-free while he was a fugitive from justice. In light
of this information, petitioner asserts that the circuit court’s decision “shocks the conscience.” We
disagree and find that petitioner is entitled to no relief.



                                                       2
         On appeal, petitioner does not dispute that his sentences are within the applicable statutory
guidelines and does not allege that the circuit court relied on an impermissible factor in imposing
its sentence. Accordingly, per syllabus point four of Goodnight, petitioner is not entitled to appellate
review of the proportionality of his sentence.

       For the foregoing reasons, the circuit court’s April 26, 2018, sentencing order is hereby
affirmed.


                                                                                            Affirmed.

ISSUED: November 8, 2019

CONCURRED IN BY:

Chief Justice Elizabeth D. Walker
Justice Margaret L. Workman
Justice Tim Armstead
Justice Evan H. Jenkins
Justice John A. Hutchison




                                                       3
