                                                             F I L E D
                                                       United States Court of Appeals
                                                               Tenth Circuit
                 UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
                                                              SEP 17 2003
                          FOR THE TENTH CIRCUIT
                                                         PATRICK FISHER
                                                                    Clerk

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA,

            Plaintiff-Appellee,

v.                                             No. 02-3424
                                        (D.C. No. 00-CV-1492-JTM)
STEVE J. BEYRLE; JOYCE A.                        (D. Kan.)
BEYRLE,

            Defendants-Appellants,

THE HALSTEAD BANK,

           Defendant-Appellee,

     and

NICK ORTH JR., FAMILY TRUST
ESTATE; SECURITY PACIFIC
FINANCIAL SERVICES, INC.,
now known as CC Financial Services,
Inc.; COMMERCIAL FEDERAL
MORTGAGE CORPORATION;
STATE OF KANSAS,
DEPARTMENT OF REVENUE,

            Defendants,


KEVIN SEILER; CINDY SEILER,

            Movants-Appellees.
                            ORDER AND JUDGMENT           *




Before EBEL , PORFILIO , and McCONNELL , Circuit Judges.



       After examining the briefs and appellate record, this panel has determined

unanimously that oral argument would not materially assist the determination

of this appeal.   See Fed. R. App. P. 34(a)(2); 10th Cir. R. 34.1(G). The case is

therefore ordered submitted without oral argument.

       Defendants-appellants Steven and Joyce Beyrle, appearing pro se, appeal

the district court’s entry of a foreclosure judgment, order of sale, and order

confirming the Marshal’s sale of their real property. We affirm.

       In May 1988, the Beyrles assumed a $45,000 debt to the Farmers Home

Administration, which is now called the Farm Service Agency (FSA). Their

obligation was secured by mortgages on two tracts of land in Kansas. In

November 1991, the Beyrles filed for Chapter 13 bankruptcy relief. The United

States, as holder of the debt and mortgages, filed a proof of claim for $56,514.87

in unpaid principal and interest. The ensuing Chapter 13 Plan and Amendments



*
      This order and judgment is not binding precedent, except under the
doctrines of law of the case, res judicata, and collateral estoppel. The court
generally disfavors the citation of orders and judgments; nevertheless, an order
and judgment may be cited under the terms and conditions of 10th Cir. R. 36.3.

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provided that the Beyrles would repay the full amount with interest over a period

of three years, and that the debt would survive their bankruptcy discharge. See

R., doc. 39, Ex. A.

      The Beyrles failed to make the required payments. In November 2000, the

United States brought this action to reduce the debt to judgment; to have other

interests in the land declared junior in priority; and to foreclose on the mortgages

securing the debt. On January 3, 2002, after the Beyrles failed to respond to the

United States’ summary judgment motion, the district court granted the

government judgment in rem.

      On January 7, 2002, the magistrate judge assigned to the case filed her final

pretrial order, describing the government’s summary judgment motion as still

pending and stating that the parties would pursue mediation after the dispositive

motion was decided. On January 14, 2002, the district court entered a judgment

of foreclosure against the Beyrles, reducing the debt to judgment and ordering the

properties sold. The Beyrles admit they received notice of the foreclosure

judgment, id., doc. 59 at 2, but they did not file any motions challenging its entry.

      On February 1, 2002, the United States filed a motion for an order of sale.

On February 4, 2002, the district court issued an order of sale for the real

property. On February 7, 2002, the Beyrles filed a response to the government’s

motion for an order of sale, arguing that the properties should not be sold because


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(1) the legal descriptions of the properties were incorrect; (2) based on the

pretrial conference, a mediator was to be employed to settle the matter; (3) they

were denied due process because they were discriminated against in the loan

process and no attorney would represent them; (4) the FSA would have accepted a

different arrangement to settle the debt; and (5) the amount of the judgment was

incorrect. Id., doc. 47.

      On March 14, 2002, the subject properties were sold at a Marshal’s sale to

the Seilers, who are parties to this appeal. On July 8, 2002, the government filed

a motion for an order confirming the sale, which was granted on July 9, 2002. On

July 11, the Beyrles filed an objection to the government’s motion through

counsel, which was amended on July 17, 2002. The Beyrles argued that the sale

should not be confirmed (1) because the foreclosure judgment contravened the

magistrate judge’s pretrial order referring the case to mediation; (2) because the

district court issued the order of sale in less than the time allotted by local rules

for a response and without considering their objections to the government’s

motion; (3) because they were not served with a copy of the notice of Marshal’s

sale; and (4) because these alleged errors deprived them of the opportunity to

satisfy the judgment and prevent the sale. Id., doc. 59. The Beyrles also filed a

motion to set aside the sale confirmation on July 17, 2002.




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      On October 4, 2002, the district court denied the motion to set aside its

order confirming the sale. The court held that none of the Beyrle’s objections

justified setting aside the sale because (1) mediation was not required after the

district court granted the dispositive summary judgment motion in favor of the

United States; (2) the court previously rejected their objections to the order of

sale, which, in any event, were without merit; and (3) notice by publication was

all that was required to satisfy 28 U.S.C. § 2002.

      On December 3, 2002, the Beyrles filed a notice of appeal, appearing pro

se. The Beyrles sought to challenge the foreclosure judgment entered on

January 14, 2002, and the “order confirming the Marshal Sale on February 4,

2002.” R., doc. 69 at 1. The body of the notice of appeal argued that the

foreclosure judgment should not have been entered because of the magistrate

judge’s mediation order; that the order of sale should not have been issued

without giving the Beyrles the allotted time to respond; that they were not served

with a notice of the Marshal’s sale; and that the FSA should have given them a

beginning farm loan and did not give them credit for their payments. The Beyrles

alleged that this course of events denied them due process.

       In their brief, the Beyrles argue that the FSA should have given them

credit for prior payments and should have charged less interest; that the

foreclosure judgment contravened the magistrate judge’s mediation order; that


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they were not given the allotted response time before the order of sale was

entered; and that they were not given proper notification of the Marshal’s sale.

The United States moved for partial dismissal of the appeal for lack of

jurisdiction, arguing that the Beyrles’ notice of appeal was untimely as to the

foreclosure judgment and the order of sale. We must determine our jurisdiction

before considering an appeal on its merits. See Budinich v. Becton Dickinson &

Co., 486 U.S. 196, 203 (1988) (holding the filing of a timely notice of appeal is

mandatory and jurisdictional); Firestone Tire & Rubber Co. v. Risjord, 449 U.S.

368, 379 (1981) (holding that once an appellate court determines it lacks

jurisdiction, the court may not review the merits of an appeal).

       Federal Rule of Appellate Procedure 4 requires, in cases involving the

United States, that a notice of appeal be filed within sixty days after entry of the

final judgment or order from which the appeal is taken. See

Fed. R. App. P. 4(a)(1)(B). Applying this rule, it is clear that we lack appellate

jurisdiction over the district court’s foreclosure judgment, which was entered on

January 14, 2002. The judgment was final, as it left nothing to be determined,

and its entry satisfied the requirements of Rule 58 of the Federal Rules of Civil

Procedure. Therefore, we will not address the Beyrles’ arguments regarding the

merits of the judgment, including whether the court took their prior payments into

account, and whether they were entitled to a different interest rate.


                                          -6-
      With regard to the February 4, 2002 order of sale, because the Beyrles’

objection was filed within ten days of the order, it is construed as a motion to

alter or amend under Fed. R. Civ. P. 59, which tolled the time in which to file an

appeal. See Trotter v. Regents of Univ. of N.M., 219 F.3d 1179, 1183 (10th Cir.

2000). Although the district court alluded to a prior ruling on the Beyrles’

objections in its October 4, 2002 order, the docket sheet does not show such a

ruling. Instead, it appears the district court first denied the Beyrles’ objections to

the order of sale in its October 4 order, making the Beyrles’ appeal of that denial

timely. See id. Further, although the Beyrles’ pro se notice of appeal did not

identify the court’s October 4 order by date, their designation of the “order

confirming the Marshal’s Sale” and the arguments in the body of the notice of

appeal were sufficient to alert the government that the Beyrles were challenging

the district court’s refusal to set aside its confirmation of the Marshal’s sale.

      We review the district court’s denial of the motion to alter or amend the

order of sale for an abuse of discretion. See Computerized Thermal Imaging, Inc.

v. Bloomberg, L.P., 312 F.3d 1292, 1296 n.3 (10th Cir. 2002). We also review

the court’s refusal to set aside its confirmation of the foreclosure sale under the

abuse of discretion standard. See Golfland Entm’t. Ctrs., Inc. v. Peak Inv., Inc.

(In re BCD Corp.), 119 F.3d 852, 860 (10th Cir. 1997).




                                          -7-
      A confirmed sale may be set aside for “fraud, accident, mistake, or any

other cause for which equity would avoid a like sale between private parties.” Id.

(quotation omitted). Here, we conclude the district court did not abuse its

discretion in refusing to alter or amend the order of sale, or in denying the

Beyrles’ motion to set aside the sale confirmation.

      The district court correctly ruled that the magistrate judge’s pretrial order

regarding mediation applied only if the district court did not grant the

government’s summary judgment motion. A pretrial order organizes the case for

trial, and its provisions, such as a designation of witnesses, no longer apply if the

district court disposes of the case prior to trial. Here, once the district court

granted judgment in favor of the United States, there was nothing left to mediate.

      The district court also correctly ruled that even if the Beyrles should have

been afforded the full response period in February 2002, the error was harmless

because their objections to the order of sale were without merit. The Beyrles’

objections to the order of sale actually went to the validity of the foreclosure

judgment entered in January 2002. Because the Beyrles did not appeal the

judgment when it was entered against them, they waived their objections, and they

could not resurrect their opportunity to challenge the foreclosure judgment by

objecting to the order of sale. Cf. Hutchinson v. Pfeil, 211 F.3d 515, 519 (10th




                                           -8-
Cir. 2000) (disapproving of appellant’s attempt to circumvent consequences of

failure to timely appeal final order).

      The Beyrles also were not entitled to personal notice of the Marshal’s sale.

The prevailing statute is satisfied with notice by publication. See 28 U.S.C.

§ 2002 (requiring notice by publication for four weeks in newspaper covering

county, state, or judicial district where property is situated). As in United States

v. N.M. Landscaping, Inc., 785 F.2d 843, 848-49 (10th Cir. 1986), so long as

notice by publication was all that the law required, the fact that the Beyrles were

not personally notified did not warrant setting aside the sale.

      The judgment of the district court is AFFIRMED. The mandate shall issue

forthwith.



                                                     Entered for the Court



                                                     Michael W. McConnell
                                                     Circuit Judge




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