                                                                               FILED
                           NOT FOR PUBLICATION
                                                                                AUG 12 2019
                    UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS                       MOLLY C. DWYER, CLERK
                                                                              U.S. COURT OF APPEALS


                           FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT

JOSEPH LEONETTI, personally and as               No. 18-35394
Personal Representative of the Estate of
Holly Leonetti, deceased,                        D.C. No. 3:16-cv-00014-AC

              Plaintiff-Appellant,
                                                 MEMORANDUM*
 v.

PATRICK BRAY; et al.,

              Defendants-Appellees.


                   Appeal from the United States District Court
                            for the District of Oregon
                   Marco A. Hernandez, District Judge, Presiding

                             Submitted July 12, 2019**
                                Portland, Oregon

Before: TASHIMA, GRABER, and OWENS, Circuit Judges.

      Plaintiff Joseph Leonetti appeals the district court’s order granting

Defendants’ motion for summary judgment. Reviewing de novo, Szajer v. City of

Los Angeles, 632 F.3d 607, 610 (9th Cir. 2011), we affirm.

      *
        This disposition is not appropriate for publication and is not precedent
except as provided by Ninth Circuit Rule 36-3.
      **
        The panel unanimously concludes that this case is suitable for decision
without oral argument. Fed. R. App. P. 34(a)(2).
      1. False Arrest and Fourth Amendment Claims

      These claims are time-barred.

      First, Plaintiff’s notice of his state false arrest claim was filed more than 180

days after the claim accrued and is, therefore, time-barred under the Oregon Tort

Claims Act ("OTCA"). See Or. Rev. Stat. § 30.275(2)(b); Doe 1 v. Lake Oswego

Sch. Dist., 297 P.3d 1287, 1292–93 (Or. 2013) (stating that the limitations period

for an OTCA claim does not begin to run until a "plaintiff has a reasonable

opportunity to discover his injury and the identity of the party responsible for that

injury" (emphasis omitted) (quoting Adams v. Or. State Police, 611 P.2d 1153,

1156 (Or. 1980))); Ross v. City of Eugene, 950 P.2d 372, 375 (Or. Ct. App. 1997)

(describing the elements of the tort of false arrest).

      Second, Plaintiff’s Fourth Amendment claim for false arrest, brought under

42 U.S.C. § 1983, was filed more than two years after its accrual and is, therefore,

time-barred. See Or. Rev. Stat. § 12.110(1) (providing a two-year statute of

limitations for personal injury actions); Wallace v. Kato, 549 U.S. 384, 388 (2007)

(stating that "the accrual date of a § 1983 cause of action is a question of federal

law that is not resolved by reference to state law," and holding that "accrual occurs

when the plaintiff has a complete and present cause of action, that is, when the

plaintiff can file suit and obtain relief" (internal quotation marks and alteration


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omitted); Douglas v. Noelle, 567 F.3d 1103, 1109 (9th Cir. 2009) (holding that

§ 1983 claims are governed by the forum state’s statute of limitations for personal

injury actions, and they accrue when the plaintiff knows or should know of the

injury that is the basis of the cause of action).

      2. Malicious Prosecution Claims

      These claims fail on the merits.

      First, there was probable cause to prosecute Plaintiff, and "[p]roof of

probable cause is a complete defense." Gustafson v. Payless Drug Stores Nw.,

Inc., 525 P.2d 118, 119 (Or. 1974); see Ira v. Columbia Food Co., 360 P.2d 622,

625 (Or. 1961) (noting that, even if probable cause exists at the time of arrest, it

may not exist later due to changes in information). Therefore, Plaintiff did not

establish the required elements for a state malicious prosecution claim. See Rose

v. Whitbeck, 562 P.2d 188, 190 (Or. 1977) (listing the elements of an Oregon

malicious prosecution claim).

      Second, Plaintiff has not shown "that the defendants prosecuted him for the

purpose of denying him equal protection or another specific constitutional right."

Mills v. City of Covina, 921 F.3d 1161, 1169 (9th Cir. 2019) (internal quotation

marks and alterations omitted). Therefore, Plaintiff also failed to establish the

required elements for a § 1983 malicious prosecution claim. See id. (stating that


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"[f]ederal courts rely on state common law for elements of malicious prosecution"

and that a plaintiff must also show a constitutional violation in order to maintain a

§ 1983 action for malicious prosecution).

      3. First and Fourteenth Amendment Claims

      We affirm for the reasons given by the district court.

      AFFIRMED.




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