    In the United States Court of Federal Claims
                               OFFICE OF SPECIAL MASTERS
                                   Filed: October 29, 2019

* * * * * * * * * * * * * *
G.G.M., a Minor, by and Through her *
Guardian Ad Litem, LORENA MORA, *                         No. 13-421V
                                    *                     Special Master Horner
            Petitioner,             *
                                    *
v.                                  *
                                    *
SECRETARY OF HEALTH                 *                     Attorneys’ Fees and Costs
AND HUMAN SERVICES,                 *
                                    *
            Respondent.             *
* * * * * * * * * * * * * *
Danielle A. Strait, Maglio, Christopher & Toale, Seattle, WA, for Petitioner.
Claudia B. Gangi, United States Department of Justice, Washington, D.C., for Respondent.

                       DECISION ON ATTORNEYS’ FEES AND COSTS1

        On June 25, 2013, Lorena Mora (“petitioner”) filed a petition for compensation pursuant
to the National Vaccine Injury Compensation Program on behalf of her minor child, G.G.M.2 42
U.S.C. §§ 300aa-10 to 34 (2012). Petitioner alleged that G.G.M. suffered from transverse myelitis
and related sequelae as a result of her receipt of the influenza (“flu”) vaccine on or about September
4, 2012. On November 27, 2018, the parties filed a stipulation for award, which the previously
assigned special master adopted as her Decision awarding damages on the same day. Decision,
ECF No. 79.3

1
 I intend to post this Ruling on the United States Court of Federal Claims’ website. This means the ruling
will be available to anyone with access to the Internet. In accordance with Vaccine Rule 18(b), petitioner
has 14 days to identify and move to redact medical or other information, the disclosure of which would
constitute an unwarranted invasion of privacy. If, upon review, I agree that the identified material fits
within this definition, I will redact such material from public access. Because this unpublished ruling
contains a reasoned explanation for the action in this case, I am required to post it on the United States
Court of Federal Claims’ website in accordance with the E-Government Act of 2002. 44 U.S.C. § 3501
note (2012) (Federal Management and Promotion of Electronic Government Services).
2
 National Childhood Vaccine Injury Act of 1986, Pub L. No. 99-660, 100 Stat. 3755. Hereinafter, for ease
of citation, all “§” references to the Vaccine Act will be to the pertinent subparagraph of 42 U.S.C. § 300aa
(2012).
3
  Following Special Master Millman’s retirement this case was reassigned to me on August 12, 2019 for
resolution of attorneys’ fees and costs.
        On July 29, 2019, petitioner filed an application for final attorneys’ fees and costs. ECF
No. 85 (“Fees App.”). Petitioner requests the following compensation: attorneys’ fees and costs in
the amount of $78,237.15 (representing $64,267.00 in fees and $13,970.15 in costs) for the work
of her counsel at Maglio, Christopher & Toale, attorneys’ fees and costs in the amount of
$20,173.50 (representing $19,688.50 in fees and $485.00 in costs) for the guardianship work of
her counsel at Phelps Law Group, $2,746.00 for the bond premium and the electronic filing of
proof of bond which was incurred as a past cost and paid from the guardianship corpus, and
$49,893.00 in future attorneys’ fees and costs for the maintenance and discharge of the
guardianship until G.G.M. reaches the age of majority. Fees App. at 5-6. Pursuant to General Order
No. 9, petitioner warrant that she has not incurred any costs related to the prosecution of the
petition.

         Respondent responded to the motion on August 22, 2019, indicating that he “is satisfied
the statutory requirements for an award of attorneys’ fees and costs are met in this case” and
requesting that the special master “exercise her discretion and determine a reasonable award for
attorneys’ fees and costs.” Resp. at 2–3 (ECF No. 88). Petitioner filed a reply on August 26, 2019,
reiterating her belief that the requested amount of attorneys’ fees and costs was reasonable. Reply
at 2 (ECF No. 89). This matter is now ripe for consideration.

I.     Reasonable Attorneys’ Fees and Costs

          The Vaccine Act permits an award of reasonable attorneys’ fees and costs. § 15(e). The
Federal Circuit has approved the lodestar approach to determine reasonable attorneys’ fees and
costs under the Vaccine Act. Avera v. Sec’y of Health & Human Servs., 515 F.3d 1343, 1347 (Fed.
Cir. 2008). This is a two-step process. Id. at 1347-48. First, a court determines an “initial estimate
. . . by ‘multiplying the number of hours reasonably expended on the litigation times a reasonable
hourly rate.’” Id. (quoting Blum v. Stenson, 465 U.S. 886, 888 (1984)). Second, the court may
make an upward or downward departure from the initial calculation of the fee award based on
specific findings. Id. at 1348.

        It is “well within the special master’s discretion” to determine the reasonableness of fees.
Saxton v. Sec’y of Health & Human Servs., 3 F.3d 1517, 1521–22 (Fed. Cir. 1993); see also Hines
v. Sec’y of Health & Human Servs., 22 Cl. Ct. 750, 753 (1991). (“[T]he reviewing court must grant
the special master wide latitude in determining the reasonableness of both attorneys’ fees and
costs.”). Applications for attorneys’ fees must include contemporaneous and specific billing
records that indicate the work performed and the number of hours spent on said work. See Savin
v. Sec’y of Health & Human Servs., 85 Fed. Cl. 313, 316–18 (2008). Such applications, however,
should not include hours that are “‘excessive, redundant, or otherwise unnecessary.’” Saxton, 3
F.3d at 1521 (quoting Hensley v. Eckerhart, 461 U.S. 424, 434 (1983)).

        Reasonable hourly rates are determined by looking at the “prevailing market rate” in the
relevant community. See Blum, 465 U.S. at 894-95. The “prevailing market rate” is akin to the rate
“in the community for similar services by lawyers of reasonably comparable skill, experience and
reputation.” Id. at 895, n.11. Petitioners bear the burden of providing adequate evidence to prove
that the requested hourly rate is reasonable. Id.


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        Special masters can reduce a fee request sua sponte, without providing petitioners notice
and opportunity to respond. See Sabella v. Sec’y of Health & Human Servs., 86 Fed. Cl. 201, 209
(Fed. Cl. 2009). When determining the relevant fee reduction, special masters need not engage in
a line-by-line analysis of petitioners’ fee application. Broekelschen v. Sec’y of Health & Human
Servs., 102 Fed. Cl. 719, 729 (Fed. Cl. 2011). Instead, they may rely on their experience with the
Vaccine Program to determine the reasonable number of hours expended. Wasson v. Sec’y of Dep’t
of Health & Human Servs., 24 Cl. Ct. 482, 484 (1991), rev’d on other grounds and aff’d in relevant
part, 988 F.2d 131 (Fed. Cir. 1993). Just as “[t]rial courts routinely use their prior experience to
reduce hourly rates and the number of hours claimed in attorney fee requests . . . Vaccine program
special masters are also entitled to use their prior experience in reviewing fee applications.” Saxton,
3 F.3d at 1521.

       a. Hourly Rates

        The decision in McCulloch provides a framework for consideration of appropriate ranges
for attorneys’ fees based upon the experience of the practicing attorney. McCulloch v. Sec’y of
Health & Human Servs., No. 09-293V, 2015 WL 5634323, at *19 (Fed. Cl. Spec. Mstr. Sept. 1,
2015), motion for recons. denied, 2015 WL 6181910 (Fed. Cl. Spec. Mstr. Sept. 21, 2015). The
Court has since updated the McCulloch rates, and the Attorneys’ Forum Hourly Rate Fee
Schedules for 2015–2016, 2017, 2018, and 2019 can be accessed online.4

       Petitioner requests the following rates for the work of her attorneys at Maglio Christopher
and Toale, PA: for Ms. Danielle Strait, $322.00 per hour for work performed in 2018 and $340.00
per hour for work performed in 2019; for Mr. Altom Maglio, $381.00 per hour for work performed
in 2018; for Ms. Jennifer Maglio, $362.00 per hour for work performed in 2017; and for Ms. Anne
Toale, $378.00 per hour for work performed in 2017 and $402.00 per hour for work performed in
2018. Fees App. Ex. 1 at 25. Paralegal rates of $145.00 per hour to $154.00 per hour are also
requested. Id. I have reviewed the requested hourly rates and find them to be reasonable and
consistent with what these Maglio firm attorneys and paralegals have previously been awarded for
their Vaccine Program work. Accordingly, no adjustment is required.

       b. Hours Expended

         Attorneys’ fees are awarded for the “number of hours reasonably expended on the
litigation.” Avera, 515 F.3d at 1348. Counsel should not include in their fee requests hours that are

4
 The 2015–2016 Fee Schedule can be accessed at:
http://www.cofc.uscourts.gov/sites/default/files/Attorneys-Forum-Rate-Fee-Schedule2015-2016.pdf. The
2017 Fee Schedule can be accessed at: http://www.cofc.uscourts.gov/sites/default/files/Attorneys-Forum-
Rate-Fee-Schedule-2017.pdf. The 2018 Fee Schedule can be accessed at:
http://www.cofc.uscourts.gov/sites/default/files/Attorneys%27%20Forum%20Rate%20Fee%20Schedule
%202018.pdf. The 2019 Fee Schedule can be accessed at:
http://www.cofc.uscourts.gov/sites/default/files/Attorneys%27%20Forum%20Rate%20Fee%20Schedule
%202019.pdf. The hourly rates contained within the schedules are updated from the decision in
McCulloch, 2015 WL 5634323.


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“excessive, redundant, or otherwise unnecessary.” Saxton, 3 F.3d at 1521. While attorneys may be
compensated for non-attorney-level work, the rate must be comparable to what would be paid for
a paralegal or secretary. See O'Neill v. Sec'y of Health & Human Servs., No. 08–243V, 2015 WL
2399211, at *9 (Fed. Cl. Spec. Mstr. Apr. 28, 2015). Clerical and secretarial tasks should not be
billed at all, regardless of who performs them. See, e.g., McCulloch, 2015 WL 5634323, at *26.

        Upon review, I find the overall hours billed (197.2) to be reasonable. Counsel has provided
sufficiently detailed descriptions for the tasks performed and Respondent has not indicated that he
finds any particular entries to be objectionable. Petitioner is therefore awarded $64,267.00 in final
fees.

        c. Attorneys’ Costs

        Like attorneys’ fees, a request for reimbursement of attorneys’ costs must be reasonable.
Perreira v. Sec’y of Health & Human Servs., 27 Fed. Cl. 29, 34 (Fed. Cl. 1992). Petitioner requests
a total of $13,970.15 in attorneys’ costs. Most of this amount is for the work of petitioner’s life
care planner, while the remainder is for obtaining medical records, travel expenses to meet with
petitioner, and postage. Fees App. Ex. 2 at 1-2. Petitioner has provided adequate documentation
supporting the requested costs and all appear reasonable in my experience. Petitioner is thus
entitled to the full amount of attorneys’ costs sought.

        d. Fees and Costs for Guardianship Work

        Petitioner requests $20,173.50 (representing $19,688.50 in attorneys’ fees and $485.00 in
costs) for the work of her counsel at Phelps Law Group, who represented her in performing the
requisite guardianship work. I have reviewed the submitted billing statements for the work
provided by Phelps Law Group and find the requested attorneys’ fees and costs to be reasonable.5
Additionally, respondent has not raised any objection to this work performed. Accordingly, I find
that the Phelps Law Group is entitled to a full reimbursement for all fees and costs incurred as part
of the guardianship proceedings.

        e. Attorneys’ Fees and Costs for Guardianship Maintenance

       Petitioner requests a total of $52,639.00 for guardianship maintenance, comprised of
$2,746.00 which has already been incurred and paid from the guardianship corpus for the premium
expense for petitioner and her husband to be bonded to serve as guardians, $27,925.00 in future
attorneys’ fees necessary for maintaining G.G.M.’s lump sum compensation and accepting future




5
  I also note that as part of the guardianship proceedings, Judge Paul T. Suzuki of the Superior Court of
California, County of Los Angeles, who presided over the case, noted that fees and costs incurred from
the guardianship proceeding were reasonable. Fees App. Ex. 4 at 4.

                                                     4
annuity benefits from this award,6 and $21,968.00 in future costs for the per annum premium
petitioner must incur to be bonded to serve as guardian.7 Fees App. at 3-4.

        Per the Federal Circuit’s recent decision in McCulloch v. Sec’y of Health & Human Servs.,
costs associated with maintenance of the guardianship fall under 42 U.S.C. § 300aa-15(e)(1) as
reasonable attorneys’ fees and other costs “incurred in any proceeding on [a Vaccine Act] petition.
923. F.3d 998, 1003 (Fed. Cir. 2019). Accordingly, the award of such future fees and costs is
proper in the instant case.

        Concerning the reasonableness of the future attorneys’ fees and costs, petitioner has
submitted a statement from counsel at Phelps Law Group, which breaks down the amount of
attorney hours required for each guardianship accounting as well as the costs associated with
annual bondings and court filing fees. Fees App. Ex. 7 at 1. I have reviewed the projection of future
fees and costs by the Phelps Group. The anticipated fees and costs appear reasonable. Notably, the
estimates appear consistent with the firm’s prior work for which detailed billing records were
submitted and which I and the probate court have determined to be reasonable. Based on
petitioner’s submissions, the request for compensation for the annual bond premium appears
reasonable as well. Respondent also has not challenged the anticipated future fees and costs as
unreasonable. Accordingly, I find these costs to be reasonable and shall award them in full.

II.      Conclusion

        In accordance with the Vaccine Act, 42 U.S.C. § 300aa-15(e) (2012), I have reviewed the
billing records and costs in this case and finds that petitioner’s request for fees and costs is
reasonable. Accordingly, I award the following:

      1) a lump sum in the amount of $78,237.15, representing reimbursement for petitioner’s
         attorneys’ fees and costs, in the form of a check payable to petitioner and Maglio
         Christopher and Toale, PA;

      2) a lump sum in the amount of $20,173.50, representing reimbursement for petitioner’s
         guardianship attorneys’ fees and costs, in the form of a check payable to petitioner
         and Phelps Law Group; and

      3) a lump sum in the amount of $52,639.00, representing past guardianship costs and
         future attorneys’ fees and costs for guardianship maintenance, in the form of a check
         payable to petitioner and the Guardianship of the Estate of Genesis Mora.




6
  Based on G.G.M.’s age, it is anticipated that the estate will remain open until 2028, when she reaches
the age of majority. Accordingly, the $27,925.00 represents filing fees and attorney billing for five future
accountings required by California law to occur in 2020, 2022, 2024, 2026, and 20208.
7
 This amount represents an anticipated annual bonding fee of $2,746.00 to be paid every June from 2020-
2027.

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       In the absence of a motion for review filed pursuant to RCFC Appendix B, the Clerk of the
Court shall enter judgment in accordance herewith.8

        IT IS SO ORDERED.


                                                 s/Daniel T. Horner
                                                 Daniel T. Horner
                                                 Special Master




8
  Entry of judgment can be expedited by each party’s filing of a notice renouncing the right to seek
review. Vaccine Rule 11(a).

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