                                                                                                                           Opinions of the United
2006 Decisions                                                                                                             States Court of Appeals
                                                                                                                              for the Third Circuit


8-4-2006

Lumenta v. Atty Gen USA
Precedential or Non-Precedential: Non-Precedential

Docket No. 05-3546




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"Lumenta v. Atty Gen USA" (2006). 2006 Decisions. Paper 613.
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                                                              NOT PRECEDENTIAL

                       UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
                            FOR THE THIRD CIRCUIT


                                     No. 05-3546


                   RONALD REYN LUMENTA, TINA MELINA,
                         and TAMMY REYNALDA,
                                          Petitioners
                                  vs.

                ATTORNEY GENERAL OF THE UNITED STATES,
                                          Respondent
                             ____________

           ON REVIEW OF A PETITION FOR REVIEW OF AN ORDER
             OF THE UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE
                    BOARD OF IMMIGRATION APPEALS
                (BIA Nos. A-96-262-369; 96-262-370; 96-262-371)
                                ____________

                     Submitted Under Third Circuit LAR 34.1(a)
                                  July 13, 2006
                  Before: SMITH, WEIS and ROTH, Circuit Judges.

                               (Filed: August 4, 2006)
                                    ____________

                                      OPINION

WEIS, Circuit Judge.

             Petitioner Ronald Reyn Lumenta appeals the June 29, 2005 Order of the

Board of Immigration Appeals (“BIA”) affirming the Immigration Judge (“IJ”)’s opinion




                                          1
and order denying Lumenta’s application for asylum.1 Pursuant to 8 U.S.C. § 1252, we

have jurisdiction over this petition for review of the BIA’s final determination. We will

deny the petition for review.

              Lumenta is a native of Indonesia and is a Christian. He entered the United

States in February 2002 and overstayed his visa. After conceding that he was removable,

Lumenta appeared at a hearing before the IJ and asserted claims for asylum, withholding

of removal, and relief under the Convention Against Torture (“CAT”). Lumenta

contended that if he returned to Indonesia, he would face persecution because he was

Christian. He has not appealed the denial of his requests for withholding of removal and

relief under CAT.

              Lumenta testified that in 1999 he was a patient in a mental health clinic at

the Doulos compound in Indonesia when Muslim extremists attacked the compound and

set it ablaze. He further testified that, as a result of this incident, he was traumatized and

feared that “the Muslims will mistreat me” if he returned to Indonesia. He did not testify

that any of the individuals who attacked the facility were associated with the Indonesian

government, nor did he testify that he feared persecution from the Indonesian

government.




              1
             Lumenta is the lead applicant for asylum. The applications of Tina
Melina, Lumenta’s wife, and Tammy Reynalda, Lumenta’s daughter, are derivative of
Lumenta’s application.

                                               2
              Where, as here, the BIA affirms and adopts the IJ's decision we review the

IJ's decision as if it were the decision of the BIA. See 8 C.F.R. § 1003.1(e)(4); Dia v.

Ashcroft, 353 F.3d 228, 245 (3d Cir. 2003). We apply the substantial evidence test to

determinations of whether an alien has suffered past persecution or has a well-founded

fear of future persecution. Gao v. Ashcroft, 299 F.3d 266, 272 (3d Cir. 2002) (citing

Abdille v. Ashcroft, 242 F.3d 477, 482 (3d Cir. 2001)). The substantial evidence test is

also applied to credibility determinations. Id. at 272 (citing Balasubramanrim v. INS, 143

F.3d 157, 161 (3d Cir. 1998)). We must uphold an adverse credibility appraisal “unless

‘any reasonable adjudicator would be compelled to conclude to the contrary.’ ” Id. (citing

8 U.S.C. § 1252(b)(4)(B)).

              Asylum may be granted to “a person unable or unwilling to return to the

country of that person's nationality or habitual residence because of past persecution or

because of a well-founded fear of future persecution on account of his race, religion,

nationality, membership in a particular social group, or political opinion.” Id. at 271-72

(3d Cir. 2002). The applicant for asylum bears the burden of demonstrating that he has

been persecuted or has a well-founded fear of future persecution. See Chen v. INS, 344

F.3d 272, 274 (3d Cir. 2003).

              Even if the petitioner’s testimony about the attack on the mental institution

was credible, substantial evidence supported the IJ’s determination that Lumenta did not

meet his burden of demonstrating that he had been persecuted or that he had a well-



                                             3
founded fear of future persecution. He has not presented any individualized evidence that

he has been, or would be, singled out for persecution. See, e.g., Lie v. Ashcroft, 396 F.3d

530, 537 (3d Cir. 2005) (holding that an alien was not entitled to asylum where she

“failed to establish either that she faces an individualized risk of persecution or that there

is a ‘pattern or practice’ of persecution of Chinese Christians in Indonesia”).

               Lumenta presented no evidence that the attack on the facility was in any

way tied to his presence there or that he was likely to be persecuted if he returned to

Indonesia. In fact, he returned to Indonesia for several months following his first stay in

the United States in 2001 and did not encounter any problems.

              Because we have determined that substantial evidence supports the IJ’s

finding that Lumenta was not entitled to asylum, we need not reach the issue of whether

his application for asylum was time-barred.

              Accordingly, we will deny the petition for review.




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