                                      NO. 12-09-00371-CR

                           IN THE COURT OF APPEALS

             TWELFTH COURT OF APPEALS DISTRICT

                                          TYLER, TEXAS

WILLIE NORMAN PURVIS,                                 §                 APPEAL FROM THE 217TH
APPELLANT

V.                                                    §                 JUDICIAL DISTRICT COURT OF

THE STATE OF TEXAS,
APPELLEE                                              §                 ANGELINA COUNTY, TEXAS


                                        MEMORANDUM OPINION
         Willie Norman Purvis appeals his conviction of two counts of indecency with a child. In
two issues, Appellant challenges the legal and factual sufficiency of the evidence to show he had
the intent to arouse or gratify his sexual desire. We affirm.


                                                  BACKGROUND
         J.G., a four year old boy, and D.J., a five year old boy, were both foster children through
Child Protective Services (CPS). White, Appellant’s mother, kept the children in her home. J.G.
lived with White between the ages of four months and ten to eighteen months1 and then returned
to live with his mother, Sarah. Periodically, J.G. visited White again for up to weeks at a time.
D.J. lived with White, whom he called “Granny,” for about a year.
         On July 7, 2008, J.G. told Sarah that Appellant would “mess with his butt, touch his butt,
dig in his booty, make me sit on his lap.” Later that day, D.J. came over to J.G.’s house to swim
with J.G., and D.J. confirmed J.G.’s account of the events. D.J. also told Sarah that Appellant
“whooped” J.G. when Granny was not present and that Appellant took off their clothes. His
description of Appellant’s conduct was the same as J.G.’s, but he said that it happened to J.G.
more. Sarah then took the two boys to a police station in Lufkin, Texas, where she signed a
written statement in which she related that the boys told her they had been subjected to ongoing
molestation by Appellant. According to Sarah’s statement, the boys told her that Appellant made

         1
            There is conflicting testimony about the age at which J.G. left White’s home. His mother testified that he
left at around eight to ten months, while White testified he left at eighteen months.
them get naked and hump up their butts backward. He would then dig in their butts and play
with their penises while fondling himself. Investigations revealed that the alleged sexual contact
took place in White’s home. Both D.J. and J.G. were interviewed and physically examined. Both
children were able to pick Appellant out of a lineup as the man who molested them. Appellant
was charged by indictment with one count of aggravated sexual assault of a child and three
counts of indecency with a child.
        The case was tried to the court without a jury. At the conclusion of the trial, the trial
court found Appellant guilty of two counts of indecency with a child, as a lesser included offense
of Count I of the indictment naming J.G. and as charged in Count IV of the indictment naming
D.J.2 The trial court sentenced Appellant to fifteen years of imprisonment. Appellant filed a
motion for a new trial, which was overruled by operation of law, and this appeal followed.


                                      SUFFICIENCY OF THE EVIDENCE
        In his first and second issues, Appellant challenges the legal and factual sufficiency of the
evidence supporting Appellant’s convictions of indecency with a child. Specifically, Appellant
asserts that there is no evidence to show he had the intent to arouse or gratify his sexual desire.
He also claims that he presented evidence that affirmatively negated the element of intent with
regard to the charge related to J.G.
Standard of Review
        The Texas Court of Criminal Appeals recently held that the Jackson v. Virginia legal
sufficiency standard is the only standard a reviewing court should apply in determining whether
the evidence is sufficient to support each element of a criminal offense that the state is required
to prove beyond a reasonable doubt. See Brooks v. State, 323 S.W.3d 893, 894 (Tex. Crim. App.
2010) (plurality op.). Accordingly, we will not independently consider Appellant’s challenge to
the factual sufficiency of the evidence. Under the single sufficiency standard, we view the
evidence in the light most favorable to the verdict and determine whether any rational trier of
fact could have found the essential elements of the crime beyond a reasonable doubt. Jackson v.
Virginia, 443 U.S. 307, 319, 99 S. Ct, 2781, 2789, 61 L. Ed. 2d 560, 573 (1979); Hooper v.
State, 214 S.W.3d 9, 13 (Tex. Crim. App. 2007).                     We also defer to the trier of fact’s
responsibility to resolve conflicts in testimony, weigh evidence, and draw reasonable inferences
from basic facts to ultimate facts. Jackson, 443 U.S. at 319, 99 S. Ct at 2789. Hooper, 214
S.W.3d at 13. Every fact does not need to point directly and independently to the guilt of the

        2
           The original judgment incorrectly stated that Appellant was convicted of Count I and Count II. The trial
court entered a corrected judgment, which stated that Appellant was found guilty under Counts I and IV. The trial
court later entered a third judgment of conviction entitled “Nunc Pro Tunc Judgment of Conviction” correcting the
numbers of the counts stated in the “Date of Offense” section of the judgment.
                                                        2
appellant, as long as the cumulative force of all the incriminating circumstances is sufficient to
support the conviction. Hooper, 214 S.W.3d at 13. Circumstantial evidence is as probative as
direct evidence in establishing guilt and may alone be sufficient to establish guilt. Id. On
appeal, the same standard of review is used for both circumstantial and direct evidence cases. Id.
        To obtain a conviction for indecency with a child by contact in this case, the State was
required to prove beyond a reasonable doubt that Appellant engaged in sexual contact with the
victim or caused the victim to engage in sexual contact with him, and that the victim was
younger than seventeen years of age. See TEX. PENAL CODE ANN. § 21.11(a)(1) (Vernon Supp.
2010). “Sexual contact” means “any touching of any part of the body of a child, including
touching through clothing, with the anus, breast, or any part of the genitals of a person” “if
committed with the intent to arouse or gratify the sexual desire of any person.” Id. § 21.11(c)
(Vernon Supp. 2010). A person acts intentionally with respect to the nature of his conduct when
it is his conscious objective or desire to engage in the conduct; a person acts knowingly with
respect to the nature of his conduct when he is aware of the nature of his conduct. Id. § 6.03(a),
(b) (Vernon 2003).
Applicable Law
        The requisite specific intent to arouse or gratify the sexual desire of any person can be
inferred from the defendant’s conduct, his remarks, and all surrounding circumstances.
McKenzie v. State, 617 S.W.2d 211, 216 (Tex. Crim. App. [Panel Op.] 1981); Breckenridge v.
State, 40 S.W.3d 118, 128 (Tex. App.–San Antonio 2000, pet. ref’d). A verbal expression of
intent is not required. C.F. v. State, 897 S.W.2d 464, 472 (Tex. App.–El Paso 1995, no writ).
The conduct in and of itself is sufficient to infer intent. Id.; see also, e.g., Hill v. State, 852
S.W.2d 769, 771 (Tex. App.–Fort Worth 1993, pet. ref’d) (evidence that defendant placed his
mouth on complainant’s sexual organ was sufficient to support a finding that he acted with intent
to arouse or gratify his sexual desires); Gottlich v. State, 822 S.W.2d 734, 741 (Tex. App.–Fort
Worth 1992, pet. ref’d) (evidence that defendant placed his hand inside panties of complainant
and played with her “private” was sufficient to support a finding of intent to arouse or gratify),
abrogated on other grounds by Arevalo v. State, 943 S.W.2d 887 (Tex. Crim. App. 1997);
Fetterolf v. State, 782 S.W.2d 927, 933 (Tex. App.–Houston [14th Dist.] 1989, pet. ref’d)
(testimony that defendant circled complainant's breast with his hand was sufficient to support a
finding of intent to arouse or gratify).
Discussion
        Viewing the evidence in the light most favorable to the trial court’s finding of guilt, D.J.
told the sexual assault nurse examiner who examined him that Appellant touched “my private”
and pointed to the picture of the penis of a male diagram. He also told her that “he put a finger
                                                 3
in my behind” and pointed to the picture of the buttocks of a male diagram. D.J. related further
to the nurse examiner that Appellant “took his clothes off of him” at Granny’s house. Laura
Smith, a professional counselor in private practice who works with children who are in CPS
custody, counseled D.J. During her session with him on July 17, 2008, D.J. stated that Appellant
touched D.J.’s private with his hands and told him to pull down his pants. Appellant then put
him on the bed, pulled down his pants, and touched him with the top of his hand nine or ten
times. In another session approximately ten months later, D.J. demonstrated on an anatomically
correct doll what happened with Appellant in the past and told Smith that Appellant had “pulled
down his pants and underwear and touched his bare penis.” D.J. testified that Appellant touched
his genitals one time in D.J’s room at Granny’s house while he was watching TV. D.J. told
Appellant to stop but Appellant did not comply. The State also introduced into evidence and
played a video of D.J.’s forensic interview. During this interview, D.J. described how, on more
than one occasion, Appellant touched his penis and his “behind” and that Appellant removed
D.J.’s clothes and underwear in his room at Granny’s house. The trial court, as the trier of fact,
could reasonably infer intent to arouse and gratify Appellant’s sexual desire from Appellant’s
conduct in removing D.J.’s clothes, touching D.J.’s penis, and putting a finger in D.J.’s “behind.”
See Gottlich, 822 S.W.2d at 741; Fetterolf, 782 S.W.2d at 933.
        Viewing the evidence in the light most favorable to the trial court’s finding of guilt, J.G.
told Sarah that Appellant would “mess with his butt, touch his butt, dig in his booty, make me sit
on his lap.” Further, D.J. also confirmed J.G.’s account of the events. In her written statement,
Sarah related that the boys told her they had been subjected to ongoing molestation by Appellant.
Specifically, she said they told her that he makes them get naked and hump up their butt
backward. They said he then digs in their butts and plays with their penises while fondling
himself.    The sexual assault nurse examiner who examined J.G. stated that J.G. told her
Appellant put “his stick in my booty five times” and pointed to his buttocks to explain the term
“booty.” Further, J.G. testified and showed on an anatomically correct doll that Appellant
touched him on the butt3 with his hand. The State also introduced into evidence and played a
video of J.G.’s forensic interview. During this interview, J.G. stated that when Appellant
“hoffed” on him, he used J.G’s butt and Appellant’s hands, “digs in my booty,” and “touches
[my] booty with a stick.” He also said that it hurt. J.G. demonstrated by using an anatomically
correct doll that “hoffing” means Appellant got on top of him. The trial court, as the trier of fact,
could reasonably infer intent to arouse and gratify Appellant’s sexual desire from Appellant’s
conduct in laying on top of J.G., making J.G. get naked, hump up his butt backward, digging in

        3
            When looking at the back of the doll, J.G. used the word “butt.” The State requested that the record
reflect that when J.G. said “butt,” the State was pointing to the doll’s anus.
                                                       4
his butt and playing with his penis while Appellant fondled himself. See Gottlich, 822 S.W.2d at
741; Fetterolf, 782 S.W.2d at 933.
         Appellant points out, however, that the record contains evidence contrary to the trial
court’s finding of guilt. Specifically, he calls our attention to his testimony that he never touched
any of the boys in a sexual manner. Appellant also notes that he tickled J.G. on one occasion
while Granny was present, but that any contact with J.G.’s genitals was accidental. Although this
testimony evidence is contrary to the trial court’s finding of guilt, we defer to the trier of fact to
resolve any conflicts in the testimony, to weigh the evidence, and to draw inferences. Jackson,
443 U.S. at 319; Hooper, 214 S.W.3d at 13. The trier of fact was free to believe the testimony
that Appellant touched D.J. and J.G. on the anus or genitals in the manner they described.
         In summary, the trial court’s resolution of the disputed factual issues was reasonable.
After viewing the evidence in a light favorable to the verdict, we hold that a rational fact finder
could have concluded that the State proved the element of intent to arouse or gratify sexual
desire beyond a reasonable doubt. Therefore, the evidence is legally sufficient to support the
trial court’s finding of guilt. We overrule Appellant's first and second issues.


                                                    DISPOSITION
         We affirm the judgment of the trial court.


                                                                JAMES T. WORTHEN
                                                                   Chief Justice



Opinion delivered April 6, 2011.
Panel consisted of Worthen, C.J., Griffith, J., and Hoyle, J.




                                              (DO NOT PUBLISH)




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