              IN THE COMMONWEALTH COURT OF PENNSYLVANIA


Eduardo E. Rojas,                                  :
                               Petitioner          :
                                                   :
                        v.                         :   No. 1256 C.D. 2017
                                                   :   Argued: December 4, 2017
Pennsylvania State Horse Racing                    :
Commission (Department of                          :
Agriculture),                                      :
                        Respondent                 :



BEFORE:         HONORABLE MARY HANNAH LEAVITT, President Judge
                HONORABLE RENÉE COHN JUBELIRER, Judge
                HONORABLE J. WESLEY OLER, JR., Senior Judge




OPINION NOT REPORTED


MEMORANDUM OPINION BY
JUDGE COHN JUBELIRER                                   FILED: March 1, 2018


      Eduardo E. Rojas (Petitioner) petitions for review of an Order of the
Pennsylvania State Horse Racing Commission (Commission), Department of
Agriculture, which affirmed his ejection from Penn National Race Course (Penn
National) pursuant to Section 9326 of the Agriculture Code, 3 Pa. C.S. § 9326,1

      1
          Section 9326(a) provides, in pertinent part, that:

      [A] licensed racing entity may refuse admission to and eject from the racetrack
      enclosure operated by the licensed racing entity any person licensed by the
      [C]ommission under this chapter and employed at an occupation at the racetrack if
      the person’s presence is deemed detrimental to the best interests of horse racing and
      after citing the reasons for the determination in writing.
which is commonly called the Race Horse Industry Reform Act.2 For the reasons
set forth below, we vacate the Commission’s Order and remand the matter for a new
hearing.
       Petitioner is a licensed thoroughbred horse trainer within the Commonwealth
of Pennsylvania. On July 6, 2017, Petitioner received a Notice of Ejection from
Penn National that stated it was permanently ejecting Petitioner from its race track:

       following the June 30, 2017 conviction of his wife, Murray Rojas, on
       multiple counts of misbranding of prescription drugs in violation of 21
       U.S.C. §[ ]353(f)(1)(C). In light of this conviction and the Rojas’
       history of transferring horses back-and-forth between each other creates
       [sic] a negative perception of racing and pari-mutuel racing at Penn
       National and undermines and puts at risk the integrity and reputation of
       racing and pari-mutuel wagering in general as embodied at 58 Pa. Code
       §[ ]163.60.[3]

(Reproduced Record (R.R.) at 119a.)
       The ejection letter further stated that the above conduct violated Penn
National’s Horsemen’s Guide, which sets forth the following standards of conduct:

       B. Dishonest, Offensive or Illegal Conduct

       While criminal activity is clearly outside the scope of permissible
       conduct, and persons who engage in criminal activity will be subject to
       the appropriate legal actions, the standards of behavior for Racing
       Participants are considerably higher than merely avoiding conviction of
       a crime. Instead, persons must conduct themselves in a way that is not


3 Pa. C.S. § 9326(a). The overarching purpose of the statute governing horse racing is to “foster
an image of horse racing that would make the image of that ‘industry’ an irreproachable one, even
in the eyes of the skeptical public.” Helad Farms v. Pa. State Harness Racing Comm’n, 470 A.2d
181, 184 (Pa. Cmwlth. 1984).
        2
          Act of October 28, 2016, P.L. 913, 3 Pa. C.S. §§ 9301-9374.
        3
          This regulation provides that “[d]isqualification of one spouse applies to the other only if
it can be demonstrated that the horses owned or controlled by the disqualified spouse are also under
the ownership or control of the spouse who has not been disqualified.” 58 Pa. Code § 163.60.


                                                  2
      only “lawful,” but that also promotes a high degree of Integrity within
      the industry. Persons who fail to live up to this standard are subject to
      sanctions by the Racetrack. By way of example only, and not intended
      as an exclusive list, the following activities are prohibited (whether
      within or outside of the Racetrack grounds):

       Criminal offenses of any kind;
       Violent or threatening behavior;
       Conduct that creates a negative public perception of [Penn National]
        or the Racetrack;
       Conduct that undermines or puts at risk the integrity and reputation
        of the pari-mutuel wagering and gaming industry in general;
       Violation of the Racetrack’s safety policies or rules;
       Failure to comply with the lawful directions of authorized Racetrack
        representatives; and
       Misrepresentation in any application or form or other disclosure
        statements made to the Racetrack or to any governmental regulatory
        body.

(R.R. at 119a-20a (quoting 2017 Horsemen’s Guide, at 6 Hr’g Tr., Ex. 2).)
According to the ejection notice, Petitioner’s conduct was a detriment to racing at
Penn National. (Id. at 120a.)
      Petitioner timely appealed this ejection to the Commission, which held a
hearing on July 26, 2017. Eric Johnston, director of racing operations at Penn
National, was the sole witness for Penn National. Petitioner did not testify or present
any witnesses.
      Following the hearing, the Commission issued Findings of Fact, which
included, in pertinent part, the following:

      11. On March 29, 2015, trainer Murray Rojas transferred her entire
          stable to her husband, [Petitioner]. A total of 32 horses.

      12. Mr. Johnston testified that on March 29, 2015, that [sic] the FBI
          sent “target letters” to approximately 40-50 trainers in the stable
          area looking at their records and possible indictments.



                                              3
       13. Mr. Johnston testified that on July 26, 2017,[4] [Petitioner]
           transferred 20 horses back to his wife Murray Rojas because of
           personal issues between them.

       14. On August 12, 2015, Murray Rojas authorized the transfer of
           twelve (12) horses to [Petitioner].

       15. On August 12, 2015, the [U.S.] Attorney’s Office indicted Murray
           Rojas on charges of wire fraud and conspiracy to administer drugs
           to horses on race day.

       16. Mr. Johnston testified that he took the transfer of horses back and
           forth between Murray Rojas and [Petitioner] into consideration
           when he drafted the July 6, 2017 Ejection since it was difficult for
           Penn National to define a separation of operations between them.

       17. Mr. Johnston testified that [Petitioner]’s conduct of transferring
           horses back and forth with Murray Rojas created a “negative public
           perception” of Penn National and “undermines or puts at risk the
           integrity and reputation of the pari-mutuel wagering and gaming
           industry in general” and formed the basis of the ejection.

                                             ***

       21. Mr. Johnston reviewed the trainer profiles for Mr. and Mrs. Rojas:
           Murray Rojas starts: in 2007 – 628 starts; in 2008 – 565 starts; in
           2009 – 511 starts; in 2010 – 543 starts; in 2011 – 507 starts; in 2012
           – 450 starts; in 2013 – 401 starts; in 2015 – 87 starts; in 2016 – 0
           starts; in 2017 – 0 starts[];
           [Petitioner] starts: in 2007 – 0 starts; in 2008 – 0 starts; in 2009[ –
           ]0 starts; in 2010 – 0 starts; in 2011 – 0 starts; in 2012 – 0 starts; in
           2013 – 0 starts; in 2014 – 2 starts; in 2014 – 335 starts; in 2015 –
           169 starts; in 2016 – 199 starts; in 2017 [–] 114 starts.[5]

       22. Mr. Johnston reviewed the 2015 calendar year performance by
           horse and by start for Murray Rojas and [Petitioner] and determined
           that in 2015 “there was a lot of crossover in horses that were in


       4
        The actual date of transfer was July 26, 2015, not July 26, 2017. (See R.R. at 40a-41a,
115a-16a.)
      5
        There also appears to be an error in the number of starts in 2014. The evidence shows
Murray Rojas had 335 starts in 2014, and Petitioner had just 2 starts in 2014. (R.R. at 46a-49a.)


                                               4
           Murray Rojas’ care being run right back under [Petitioner]’s care,”
           which corresponded with earlier horse “transfers.”

       23. Mr. Johnston testified that 23 of 35 horses that Murray Rojas ran in
           2015 were also run by [Petitioner]. In 2015, 67 of 87 starts were
           common horses between Murray Rojas and [Petitioner].

       24. In 2015, [Petitioner] ran 45 horses that year, 23 of which were
           common horses between [Petitioner] and Murray Rojas.

       25. [Petitioner] had 169 starts in 2015 – 115 of those starts were
           common horses also started by Murray Rojas that same year.

                                           ***

       27. In August 2015, after Murray Rojas transferred her horses back to
           [Petitioner], the foal certificate records[6] indicate that Murray
           continued to access those specific horse’s [sic] files.

       28. Mr. Johnston testified that after the federal jury verdict on June 30,
           2017, Murray “cleaned out the balance of the foal certificates” for
           horses in the files. Mr. Johnston testified that even after Murray
           Rojas’ conviction[,] “she came in and picked up foal certificates
           and was doing work for Eddie [Petitioner].”

       29. After her conviction on June 30, 2017, on July 4 and 5, 2017,
           Murray Rojas removed the foal certificates of 36 horses from the
           “Foal Certificate” list. Five (5) of those horses had been previously
           run by Murray Rojas and by [Petitioner] in 2015.

                                           ***

      31. Penn National Exhibit 9 indicates that:

                  On June 1, 2017, the #5 horse (Chapel of Love) was
                   entered for Trainer [Petitioner] and saddled by “his wife”
                   [–] Murray Rojas;
                  On June 8, 2017, the #3 horse (Jolly’s Calling) was trained
                   by [Petitioner] and saddled by his wife Murray Rojas;


       6
         “[F]oal certificate[s] reflect who has possession of a specific horse.”   (Comm’n
Adjudication, Findings of Fact (FOF) ¶ 26.)


                                             5
          On June 9, 2017, the #2 horse (Wolfie) was trained by
           [Petitioner] and saddled by his wife Murray Rojas;
          On June 10, 2017, the #11 horse (I’m Perfection) was
           trained by [Petitioner] and saddled by his wife Murray
           Rojas;
          On June 21, 2017, the #4 horse (Toss the Tub) was trained
           by [Petitioner] and saddled by his wife Murray Rojas.

32. [Petitioner] had 9 starts in June [2017] – Murray Rojas saddled five
    (5) of those horses.

33. Mr. Johnston testified that these records strengthened the decision
    to eject [Petitioner] because there was no separation between the
    [Petitioner] and Murray Rojas.

34. On June 9, 2017[,] the horse named Wolfie trained by [Petitioner]
    won the 3rd Race. The winning photograph of the “winners circle”
    does not depict [Petitioner], but depicts Murray Rojas.

35. On August 12, 2015, following the initial indictment of Murray
    Rojas, Penn National officials met with Murray Rojas and
    [Petitioner] to come to an agreement regarding the participation of
    Murray in [Petitioner]’s training business.

36. Penn National sought an Agreement by the Rojas[es] to keep a
    complete separation of duties between Murray Rojas and
    [Petitioner].

37. Murray Rojas and [Petitioner] did not sign the proposed agreement
    between the parties.

38. On August 12, 2015, the U.S. Attorney’s Office issued a press
    release indicating that trainer Murray Rojas[] had been indicted for
    wire fraud and conspiracy to administer prohibited substances to
    horses on race day.

39. On June 2, 2016, the U.S. Attorney’s Office issued a press release
    indicating that additional criminal charges were being brought
    against trainer Murray Rojas[] for 21 counts of wire fraud and
    conspiracy to administer prohibited substances to horses on race
    day.



                                   6
40. On July 5, 2017, the U.S. Attorney’s Office issued a press release
    announcing the June 30, 2017 conviction of Murray Rojas on 14
    felony counts for misbranding prescription drugs, conspiracy[,] and
    the administration of prohibited drugs to horses on race day.

41. Mr. Johnston testified that the press releases identified the “trainer”
    [Murray Rojas] as being from Penn National or being associated
    with Penn National[, which] is detrimental to Penn National’s
    gaming and racing license. [(Second alteration added.)]

42. Mr. Johnston testified that press releases, and press reports and
    public comments create the general perception that “racing is less
    than honest” and those perceptions affected the decision to eject
    [Petitioner]. Mr. Johnston concluded that no one can prove that
    [Petitioner] and Murray Rojas are not acting as one operation.

                                  ***

44. Mr. Johnston, on cross-examination, testified that the horse
    transfers were all proper and approved by the stewards.

45. Penn National demonstrated no violation of any racing regulation
    or any conviction by [Petitioner].

                                  ***

47. Five (5) horses currently trained by [Petitioner] were previously
    trained by Murray Rojas.

48. Mr. Johnston testified that [Petitioner] has not shown separation
    between he [sic] and Murray Rojas and that they still operated as
    one even in June [of 2017] when Murray saddled [Petitioner]’s
    horses and Murray picked up the foal certificates. [(First and third
    alterations added.)]

49. [Petitioner] presented no testimony or documentary evidence at the
    July 26, 2017 hearing.

50. On July 6, 2017, the Commission, through the Bureau of
    Thoroughbred Horse Racing, issued Ruling No. 17053C
    permanently revoking the owners/trainers’ licenses of Murray
    Rojas based upon her June 30, 2017[] conviction on 14 felony
    counts for conspiring with three veterinarians to have drugs

                                    7
          administered on race day; [and] backdating invoices and records
          with the intent to defraud and mislead the Commission.

(Comm’n Adjudication, Findings of Fact (FOF) ¶¶ 11-17, 21-25, 27-29, 31-42, 44-
45, 47-50 (citations omitted).)
      Based upon these facts, the Commission concluded that:

      Documentary evidence of [Petitioner]’s continuous and ongoing
      conduct, racing transactions and business relationship and association
      with a trainer (regardless of marital status) who was indicted and
      ultimately convicted of 14 felony counts of misbranding prescription
      drugs for horses on race day and conspiring with three veterinarians to
      have drugs administered to horses on race day, supports Penn
      National’s decision that [Petitioner]’s presence at Penn National is
      inconsistent with the best interests of racing or the orderly conduct of
      the race meeting at Penn National.

(Id., Conclusion of Law ¶ 9 (citations omitted).) In reaching this conclusion, the
Commission explained that the evidence presented by Penn National “clearly
demonstrated the ongoing business connection between Murray Rojas and
[Petitioner].” (Comm’n Adjudication at 19.) It dismissed Petitioner’s argument that
the transfers between Murray Rojas and Petitioner were approved by the Board of
Stewards (Stewards), stating:

      [w]hile that aspect maybe [sic] true, [Petitioner] fails to grasp that the
      continuous transfer of horses and the running of the very same horses
      back and forth between Murray Rojas and [Petitioner] certainly
      generated the appearance of a joint business enterprise. . . . Standing
      alone, each piece of documentary evidence might not be sufficient to
      support Penn National’s ejection of [Petitioner;] however, taken as a
      whole, the records demonstrate to this Commission a seamless pattern
      of business between Murray [Rojas] and [Petitioner] such that could
      create a negative public perception. This determination is not taken
      lightly.




                                          8
(Id. at 20.)
       Further, the Commission found that, although it took no action in relation to
Petitioner’s license, that did “not alter Penn National’s statutory authority to exercise
its private property rights.”       (Id. at 21.)    Finally, the Commission concluded
Petitioner’s marital status to Murray Rojas was irrelevant because it “would
conclude that [Penn National]’s ejection was reasonable even if Murray Rojas and
[Petitioner] were not married.”          (Id. (emphasis in original).)         Although the
Commission affirmed Penn National’s decision to eject Petitioner, it modified the
decision by reducing the ejection from permanent in duration to a term of 1,095 days
(3 years). (Id. at 21-22, Comm’n Order.)
       On September 8, 2017, Petitioner filed a timely Petition for Review
(Petition).7 On appeal,8 Petitioner contends the Commission abused its discretion in
finding he was a detriment to racing based upon what was specifically charged in
the ejection letter and that his due process rights were violated when the Commission
relied upon a “joint business enterprise” theory to uphold the ejection, a theory that
was not charged and, even if it was, is not prohibited. In addition, Petitioner argues
there is not substantial evidence to support the Commission’s finding that he is a
detriment to racing and that the Commission improperly shifted the burden of proof


       7
         Petitioner also filed an Application for Stay Pending Appeal (Application for Stay) and
Application for Expedited Stay Decision and for Advancement of Argument (Application to
Expedite) on October 16, 2017. The Application to Expedite was granted in part and argument on
the Application for Stay was held via teleconference on October 26, 2017. The Court subsequently
granted Petitioner’s Application to Expedite argument on his Petition by Order dated October 30,
2017, which scheduled argument on the merits of his Petition for the December term. By Order
dated November 9, 2017, the Court denied his Application for Stay.
       8
         On appeal, “[w]e are required to affirm an order of the Commission unless it is not in
accordance with the law or is an arbitrary, capricious or unreasonable determination lacking
substantial evidence in support of its findings.” Kulick v. Pa. State Harness Racing Comm’n, 540
A.2d 620, 623 (Pa. Cmwlth. 1988).


                                               9
to him instead of Penn National. Finally, in his brief, he argues the Commission
violated its own regulations by having only one member sign the adjudication, not
two, rendering the Commission’s decision a nullity.
      The Commission argues that Penn National had express statutory authority to
eject Petitioner from its racetrack once it deemed him a detriment to racing. All that
Penn National needed to show was that the reason for ejecting Petitioner was
reasonable. Based upon the evidence presented by Penn National, which was
unrebutted, the Commission argues there was ample evidence to find the ejection
was reasonable. It also contends the ejection notice was proper and Petitioner knew
or had reason to know that his association with Murray Rojas was the true issue as
it was raised as a concern long before his actual ejection. The Commission disputes
that the burden of proof was wrongfully placed on Petitioner and insists it was on
Penn National. Finally, it maintains the Adjudication and Order was unanimously
voted upon by the nine-member Commission and is consistent with the law.
      Penn National9 stresses its right as a private-property owner to eject persons
from its track who are detrimental to racing, even if the person remains licensed by
the Commission. It notes, like the Commission, that it merely needs to make a
reasoned determination based upon an appearance of impropriety. Based upon the
evidence it presented, including the transfer of horses between the Petitioner and
Murray Rojas, the fluctuating statistics, the number of common horses, and Murray
Rojas’s continued access and involvement with Petitioner’s training activities, even
after her indictment, Penn National argues there is more than substantial evidence to
support its decision to eject Petitioner. Penn National also argues that Petitioner’s
conduct need not be criminal in nature or even violate a specific racing rule or

      9
         Penn National Turf Club, LLC and Mountainview Thoroughbred Racing Association,
LLC, intervened in this action and are referred to throughout as “Penn National.”


                                          10
requirement; it merely needs to create an appearance of impropriety, which the
continued close association certainly created. Penn National maintains its notice of
ejection was proper, as was the Commission’s final Adjudication and Order.
      Because it raises a threshold question implicating the Court’s jurisdiction, we
begin with Petitioner’s argument that the Commission violated its own regulations
by having only one member sign the adjudication, not two, rendering the
Commission’s decision a nullity. In support thereof, Petitioner cites 58 Pa. Code
§ 165.184(a), which provides in pertinent part that “[a] final order or adjudication
shall be signed and approved by two members of the Commission who shall have
the right to enter the final order or adjudication based upon the record made at the
hearing or hearings conducted by the Commission.”
      The Adjudication and Order here is signed only by Russell C. Redding,
Chairman of the Commission. As the Commission points out, the regulation at issue,
58 Pa. Code § 165.184(a), was promulgated in 1969 under the former statute, which
was repealed and replaced by the Race Horse Industry Reform Act. The new statute
specifically provides that all rules and regulations previously promulgated “remain
in effect except to the extent that they are in direct conflict with this chapter.”
Section 9311(h)(1) of the Race Horse Industry Reform Act, 3 Pa. C.S. § 9311(h)(1).
Here, the regulation is in direct conflict with the current statute. Under the current
statute, there are nine voting commissioners and actions of the Commission require
a simple majority vote. 3 Pa. C.S. § 9311(b), (f)(1). Under Section 201(a) of the
prior act, there were only three commissioners. Act of December 17, 1981, P.L.
435, as amended, formerly 4 P.S. § 325.201(a), repealed by Section 5(f) of the Act
of February 23, 2016, P.L. 15. The regulation requiring an adjudication to be signed
and approved by two members necessarily conflicts with the current statute because



                                         11
otherwise two commissioners could bind the nine-member Commission, despite the
statute specifically requiring more. In addition, the Adjudication was in accordance
with the new procedures the Commission adopted to govern hearings related to
ejections, which simply require the decision be made at the close of the hearing and
a written adjudication supporting the decision be issued within 15 days of the
decision.10 It was not reversible error for the Adjudication to contain the signature
of only the Chairman of the Commission acting on behalf of the commissioners
present at the hearing, who unanimously agreed with the decision.
       We next turn to Petitioner’s claim that the Commission abused its discretion
in finding he was a detriment to racing based, not upon the allegations charged in
the ejection notice but instead upon an allegation not charged: his alleged operating
as “one business enterprise” with Murray Rojas. By going outside of the allegations
charged by Penn National, Petitioner claims he was denied due process.
       “In an administrative hearing, due process requires, at a minimum, notice and
the opportunity to be heard.” Vaders v. Pa. State Horse Racing Comm’n, 964 A.2d
56, 58 (Pa. Cmwlth. 2009). Here, Petitioner did receive notice and a hearing.
However, the Notice of Ejection does not specifically contain an allegation that
Petitioner operated “one business enterprise” with Murray Rojas, the offense that the
Commission relied upon in upholding Petitioner’s ejection. The July 6, 2017 Notice
of Ejection states that Petitioner was being permanently ejected from Penn National:

       following the June 30, 2017 conviction of his wife, Murray Rojas, on
       multiple counts of misbranding prescription drugs . . . . In light of this
       conviction and the Rojas’ history of transferring horses back-and-forth
       between each other creates a negative perception of racing and pari-

       10
          A copy of the new procedures is available in the Joint Supplemental Record at pages
42b-47b. The Commission’s new procedures were published in the Pennsylvania Bulletin on June
3, 2017, and were served on Petitioner along with the Notice of Hearing. (Id. at 36b.)


                                             12
      mutuel racing at Penn National and undermines and puts at risk the
      integrity and reputation of racing and pari-mutuel wagering in general
      as embodied in 58 Pa. Code §[]163.60.

(R.R. at 119a.)
      The Commission and Penn National claim that it was apparent from the start
of the hearing that Petitioner’s association with Murray Rojas was at issue, and that
Petitioner did not object. While it is true that Petitioner’s association with Murray
Rojas was a common theme throughout the hearing, this alone is not adequate. The
Notice of Ejection did not provide notice that his association with Murray Rojas was
at issue, or charge him with operating as “one business enterprise,” and referenced
just the transfer of horses between the two. We, therefore, cannot say that Petitioner
was apprised of the charges against which he needed to defend himself. As a result,
his due process rights were violated.
      Petitioner requests that the Order of the Commission be reversed, the ejection
notice be vacated, and all rights, benefits, and privileges he previously held be
restored. However, “[i]t is axiomatic that a violation of a party’s right to due process
does not entitle an aggrieved defendant to dismissal of the claim.” Wilkins Twp. v.
Wage Policy Comm. of Wilkins Twp. Police Dep’t, 162 A.3d 581, 588 (Pa. Cmwlth.
2017). If notice is inadequate, “the remedy is a remand for an additional hearing
after a new notice.” Caba v. Weaknecht, 64 A.3d 39, 66 (Pa. Cmwlth. 2013).
      Accordingly, we vacate the Commission’s determination and remand for a
new hearing after new notice.11




      11
           Given our disposition, we need not reach Petitioner’s remaining issues.


                                                13
_____________________________________
RENÉE COHN JUBELIRER, Judge




 14
       IN THE COMMONWEALTH COURT OF PENNSYLVANIA


Eduardo E. Rojas,                        :
                         Petitioner      :
                                         :
                    v.                   :   No. 1256 C.D. 2017
                                         :
Pennsylvania State Horse Racing          :
Commission (Department of                :
Agriculture),                            :
                        Respondent       :


                                      ORDER


      NOW, March 1, 2018, the Order of the Pennsylvania State Horse Racing
Commission (Commission), in the above-captioned matter, is VACATED, and the
matter is REMANDED to the Commission for further proceedings.


      Jurisdiction relinquished.




                                       _____________________________________
                                       RENÉE COHN JUBELIRER, Judge
              IN THE COMMONWEALTH COURT OF PENNSYLVANIA

Eduardo E. Rojas,                       :
                   Petitioner           :
                                        :
            v.                          :          No. 1256 C.D. 2017
                                        :          Argued: December 4, 2017
Pennsylvania State Horse Racing         :
Commission (Department of Agriculture), :
                   Respondent           :

BEFORE:           HONORABLE MARY HANNAH LEAVITT, President Judge
                  HONORABLE RENÉE COHN JUBELIRER, Judge
                  HONORABLE J. WESLEY OLER, JR., Senior Judge

OPINION NOT REPORTED

DISSENTING OPINION
BY PRESIDENT JUDGE LEAVITT                                       FILED: March 1, 2018

                  Respectfully, I dissent.
                  I agree with the majority that Eduardo Rojas1 had no notice of Penn
National’s newly articulated reason for ejecting him from its racetrack and, thus, was
denied due process. I disagree, however, with the majority’s decision to remand the
matter to give Penn National a second chance to prove its case. Because Penn
National did not make its case against Rojas on its own written charges, the
Commission’s adjudication should be reversed.
                  On July 6, 2017, Penn National sent Rojas a Notice of Ejection, which
stated:

                  Mr. Eduardo Rojas is hereby permanently ejected from Penn
                  National Race Course (“Penn National”) following the June 30,
                  2017 conviction of his wife, Murray Rojas, on multiple counts of
                  misbranding prescription drugs in violation of 21 U.S.C.
                  §353(f)(1)(C). In light of this conviction and the Rojas’ [sic]

1
    Rojas is a horse trainer.
              history of transferring horses back-and-forth between each other
              creates a negative perception of racing and pari-mutuel racing at
              Penn National and undermines and puts at risk the integrity and
              reputation of racing and pari-mutuel wagering in general as
              embodied in 58 Pa. Code §163.60.

Reproduced Record at 119a (R.R. __).                Rojas appealed the ejection to the
Commission and came to the hearing prepared to defend the two very specific
charges Penn National listed in its notice: (1) Rojas’ wife’s recent conviction; and
(2) horse transfers between Rojas and his wife.
              On the first charge, Rojas asserted that his wife’s conviction could not
be attributed to him without evidence that implicated him in her criminal
misconduct. None was offered by Penn National. On the second charge, Rojas
produced evidence that each transfer of horses had been specifically approved by the
Commission.
              At the hearing Penn National effectively dropped these two charges.
Instead, it pursued a new charge that Rojas’ wife operated as his “alter ego” in a
single business enterprise. Notes of Testimony, 7/26/2017, at 39; R.R. 43a. Rojas
repeatedly objected to this evidence as wholly irrelevant to the written charges on
which Penn National based its ejection. Rojas had every right to believe the
Commission would sustain his relevancy objections and reverse his ejection when
Penn National provided no evidence to support the charges in its ejection notice.
Instead, the Commission created its own due process violation by upholding Rojas’
ejection on the basis of Penn National’s newly claimed “one business enterprise”
theory.2

2
  Even if Rojas received adequate notice of the “one business enterprise” theory, Penn National
failed to carry its burden on that charge. Its key piece of evidence was a family picture showing
Murray Rojas standing beside one of her husband’s winning horses. R.R. 121a. Other proffered
evidence consisted of commission-approved horse transfers between Murray and Eduardo Rojas,
                                            MHL-2
               The majority holds that a remand is the proper remedy where due
process rights are violated by reason of an agency’s inadequate notice. Caba v.
Weaknecht, 64 A.3d 39, 66 (Pa. Cmwlth. 2013). However, the Commission did not
issue the notice; rather, the notice came from a private third party, Penn National.
Moreover, Penn National’s notice was not “deficient” as to the listed charges. It was
plain: the ejection was based on (1) Rojas’ wife’s recent conviction; and (2) horse
transfers between Rojas and his wife. Penn National simply failed to make its case
on those listed charges.
               The purpose of a remand is not to give a party who has failed to sustain
its evidentiary burden a second chance. Williams v. Bonair Foundry Co., 257 A.2d
69, 72 (Pa. Super. 1969). Repeatedly, this Court has held that we will not remand
to give a party “the proverbial second bite at the apple” and will not allow a party to
present evidence that was available, or could have been available, at the time of the
first hearing. Primecare Medical, Inc. v. Unemployment Compensation Board of
Review, 760 A.2d 483, 488 (Pa. Cmwlth. 2000). Because Penn National has failed
to provide any admissible evidence to support its charges, the Commission erred as
a matter of law in upholding the ejection.
               Accordingly, instead of remanding for a do-over by Penn National, I
would reverse.

                                         _____________________________________
                                         MARY HANNAH LEAVITT, President Judge




and a website printout of their individual starts in thoroughbred races over several years. R.R.
112a-118a; Supplemental Reproduced Record at 8b-35b. These pieces of circumstantial evidence
fall short of proving that Rojas and his wife were operating one business enterprise. Penn National
offered no direct or documentary evidence to support its business enterprise theory.
                                            MHL-3
