         11-1117-ag
         Herrera-Molina v. Holder
                                                                                       BIA
                                                                               A027 085 434
                                    UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
                                        FOR THE SECOND CIRCUIT

                                          SUMMARY ORDER
     RULINGS BY SUMMARY ORDER DO NOT HAVE PRECEDENTIAL EFFECT. CITATION TO A SUMMARY ORDER
     FILED ON OR AFTER JANUARY 1, 2007, IS PERMITTED AND IS GOVERNED BY FEDERAL RULE OF
     APPELLATE PROCEDURE 32.1 AND THIS COURT’S LOCAL RULE 32.1.1. WHEN CITING A SUMMARY ORDER
     IN A DOCUMENT FILED WITH THIS COURT, A PARTY MUST CITE EITHER THE FEDERAL APPENDIX OR AN
     ELECTRONIC DATABASE (WITH THE NOTATION “SUMMARY ORDER”). A PARTY CITING A SUMMARY
     ORDER MUST SERVE A COPY OF IT ON ANY PARTY NOT REPRESENTED BY COUNSEL.

 1            At a stated term of the United States Court of Appeals
 2       for the Second Circuit, held at the Daniel Patrick Moynihan
 3       United States Courthouse, 500 Pearl Street, in the City of
 4       New York, on the 8th day of February, two thousand twelve.
 5
 6       PRESENT:
 7                DENNIS JACOBS,
 8                     Chief Judge,
 9                GUIDO CALABRESI,
10                GERARD E. LYNCH,
11                     Circuit Judges.
12       _______________________________________
13
14       WILLIAM HERRERA-MOLINA,
15                Petitioner,
16
17                           v.                                 11-1117-ag
18                                                              NAC
19       ERIC H. HOLDER, JR., UNITED STATES
20       ATTORNEY GENERAL,
21                Respondent.
22       ______________________________________
23
24       FOR PETITIONER:                     Haroutyun Asatrian, Strasser
25                                           Asatrian, LLC, Newark, NJ.
26
27       FOR RESPONDENT:                     Tony West, Assistant Attorney
28                                           General; Leslie McKay, Assistant
29                                           Director; Allison Frayer, Trial
30                                           Attorney, Office of Immigration
 1                             Litigation, Civil Division, United
 2                             States Department of Justice,
 3                             Washington, D.C.
 4
 5       UPON DUE CONSIDERATION of this petition for review of a

 6   Board of Immigration Appeals (“BIA”) decision, it is hereby

 7   ORDERED, ADJUDGED, AND DECREED that the petition for review

 8   is DENIED.

 9       Petitioner William Herrera-Molina, a native and citizen

10   of Colombia, seeks review of a February 25, 2011, order of

11   the BIA denying his motion to reopen.     In re William

12   Herrera-Molina, No. A027 085 434 (B.I.A. Feb. 25, 2011).       We

13   assume the parties’ familiarity with the underlying facts

14   and procedural history in this case.

15       We review the BIA’s denial of a motion to reopen for

16   abuse of discretion.     Ali v. Gonzales, 448 F.3d 515, 517 (2d

17   Cir. 2006).   When the BIA considers relevant evidence of

18   country conditions in evaluating a motion to reopen, we

19   review the BIA’s factual findings under the substantial

20   evidence standard.     See Jian Hui Shao v. Mukasey, 546 F.3d

21   138, 169 (2d Cir. 2008).

22       Because Herrera-Molina filed his motion to reopen more

23   than 90 days after the BIA dismissed his appeal, he was

24   required to show changed circumstances in Columbia to excuse


                                     2
 1   the untimely filing.    See 8 U.S.C. § 1229a(c)(7)(C)(i),

 2   (ii).   Herrera-Molina contends that the BIA abused its

 3   discretion by failing to address certain evidence, chiefly

 4   the Defense Cooperation Agreement (“DCA”) between the United

 5   States and Colombia and the fact that his son is an active

 6   U.S. Marine.    However, a reasonable fact-finder would not be

 7   compelled to conclude that the BIA ignored this evidence.

 8   See Wei Guang Wang v. BIA, 437 F.3d 270, 275 (2d Cir. 2006)

 9   (holding that the BIA is not required to “expressly parse or

10   refute on the record each individual argument or piece of

11   evidence offered by the petitioner” as long as it “has given

12   reasoned consideration to the petition, and made adequate

13   findings” (internal citations omitted)).

14       The record supports the BIA’s conclusion that Herrera-

15   Molina failed to demonstrate a change in country conditions.

16   The service of Herrera-Molina’s son on active military duty

17   (in Japan) is a development in the Petitioner’s

18   circumstances, not in conditions in Colombia.     See Li Yong

19   Zheng v. U.S. Dep’t of Justice, 416 F.3d 129, 130-31 (2d

20   Cir. 2005).    Moreover, the record does not compel the

21   conclusion that the DCA increased the risk of anti-American

22   violence in Colombia; the history of such violence in


                                    3
 1   Columbia is long.   Accordingly, we defer to the BIA’s

 2   conclusion that the DCA did not represent a material change

 3   in conditions.   See Siewe v. Gonzales, 480 F.3d 160, 167 (2d

 4   Cir. 2007) (“[W]here there are two permissible views of the

 5   evidence, the fact finder’s choice between them cannot be

 6   clearly erroneous.”); Matter of S-Y-G-, 24 I. & N. Dec. 247,

 7   257 (BIA 2007) (explaining that an “incremental or

 8   incidental” change does not constitute changed country

 9   conditions for purposes of motions to reopen).

10       Finally, Herrera-Molina argues that the DCA has changed

11   conditions in Colombia because it has been criticized by

12   Venezuela and Nicaragua.1   But nothing in the record compels

13   the conclusion that tensions between the countries are new,

14   or effected changed country conditions in Colombia.

15       Accordingly, the BIA relied on substantial evidence in

16   finding that Herrera-Molina did not establish changed

17   country conditions and did not abuse its discretion in

18   denying his motion to reopen as untimely.   See 8 U.S.C.

19   § 1229a(c)(7)(C)(i),(ii).

20       For the foregoing reasons, the petition for review is

            1
             We do not consider the internet articles Herrera-
       Molina discusses in his brief in support of this argument
       as they are not in the administrative record. See 8
       U.S.C. § 1252(b)(4)(A).
                                   4
 1   DENIED.   As we have completed our review, any stay of

 2   removal that the Court previously granted in this petition

 3   is VACATED, and any pending motion for a stay of removal in

 4   this petition is DISMISSED as moot.    Any pending request for

 5   oral argument in this petition is DENIED in accordance with

 6   Federal Rule of Appellate Procedure 34(a)(2), and Second

 7   Circuit Local Rule 34.1(b).

 8                                 FOR THE COURT:
 9                                 Catherine O’Hagan Wolfe, Clerk
10
11
12




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