                           UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
                        MERIT SYSTEMS PROTECTION BOARD


     JUAN C. AYALA,                                  DOCKET NUMBER
                         Appellant,                  DA-0752-13-0412-I-2

                  v.

     DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND                          DATE: September 5, 2014
       SECURITY,
                 Agency.



                THIS FINAL ORDER IS NONPRECEDENTIAL 1

           Lorenzo W. Tijerina, Esquire, San Antonio, Texas, for the appellant.

           Pamela B. Peck, San Antonio, Texas, for the agency.


                                           BEFORE

                              Susan Tsui Grundmann, Chairman
                              Anne M. Wagner, Vice Chairman
                                 Mark A. Robbins, Member


                                       FINAL ORDER

¶1         The appellant has filed a petition for review of the initial decision, which
     sustained his removal. Generally, we grant petitions such as this one only when:
     the initial decision contains erroneous findings of material fact; the initial
     decision is based on an erroneous interpretation of statute or regulation or the

     1
        A nonprecedential order is one that the Board has determined does not add
     significantly to the body of MSPB case law. Parties may cite nonprecedential orders,
     but such orders have no precedential value; the Board and administrative judges are not
     required to follow or distinguish them in any future decisions. In contrast, a
     precedential decision issued as an Opinion and Order has been identified by the Board
     as significantly contributing to the Board’s case law. See 5 C.F.R. § 1201.117(c).
                                                                                          2

     erroneous application of the law to the facts of the case; the judge’s rulings
     during either the course of the appeal or the initial decision were not consistent
     with required procedures or involved an abuse of discretion, and the resulting
     error affected the outcome of the case; or new and material evidence or legal
     argument is available that, despite the petitioner’s due diligence, was not
     available when the record closed. See Title 5 of the Code of Federal Regulations,
     section 1201.115 (5 C.F.R. § 1201.115). After fully considering the filings in this
     appeal, and based on the following points and authorities, we conclude that the
     petitioner has not established any basis under section 1201.115 for granting the
     petition for review. Therefore, we DENY the petition for review and AFFIRM
     the initial decision, which is now the Board’s final decision.                5 C.F.R.
     § 1201.113(b).
¶2         The agency removed the appellant from his position as an Immigration
     Enforcement Agent based on two specifications of filing a false tax return. Initial
     Appeal File (IAF), Tab 4, Volume (Vol.) 2 at 26-27. On appeal, the appellant
     alleged, among other things, that the agency failed to provide him with the due
     process required by Kalkines v. United States, 473 F.2d 1391 (Ct. Cl. 1973),
     because the agency admittedly failed to provide him with the Kalkines warning
     before he was interviewed by the Office of Professional Responsibility (OPR). 2
     RAF, Tab 3 at 4-5. After holding a hearing, the administrative judge found that
     the agency proved the charge, the agency did not commit harmful error by failing
     to provide the Kalkines warning to the appellant, and the removal penalty was
     reasonable. RAF, Tab 10, Initial Decision (ID) at 14-15.

     2
       The appellant filed a timely appeal of his removal, which the administrative judge
     dismissed without prejudice to the appellant’s right to refile on or before October 19,
     2013. Ayala v. Department of Homeland Security, MSPB Docket No. DA-0752-13-
     0412-I-1, IAF, Tab 1, Tab 16 at 2. On October 17, 2013, the appellant timely refiled
     his appeal. Ayala v. Department of Homeland Security, MSPB Docket No. DA-0752-
     13-0412-I-2, Refiled Appeal File (RAF), Tab 1. The administrative judge issued an
     acknowledgment order allowing the parties to refer to the prior Board record during the
     adjudication of the refiled appeal. RAF, Tab 2.
                                                                                      3

¶3         The appellant filed a petition for review arguing that the administrative
     judge based her decision on an erroneous interpretation of statute or regulation,
     the initial decision contained erroneous findings of fact, and the administrative
     judge abused her discretion in affirming the appellant’s removal.      Petition for
     Review (PFR) File, Tab 1 at 4, 10, 17. In support of his petition, the appellant
     argues that the Board should rescind his removal because of “the Agency’s failure
     to provide the Appellant’s due process in accordance with Kalkines.” PFR File,
     Tab 3.
¶4         Kalkines, 473 F.2d at 1391, involved an employee who was fired for
     refusing to answer questions in a civil investigation by his employer because he
     was concerned that his answers might be used against him in a related criminal
     action.   In Kalkines, the court set forth the procedures that a government
     employer must follow in order to remove an employee for failing to answer
     questions in a civil disciplinary investigation involving an employee facing a
     substantial risk of criminal prosecution for actions connected with the subject of
     the inquiry.   Id. at 1392-93.   Pursuant to Kalkines, an agency can remove a
     federal employee for failing to answer questions in the civil disciplinary inquiry,
     if the employee is sufficiently warned before questioning “that he is subject to
     discharge for not answering and that his replies (and their fruits) cannot be
     employed against him in a criminal case.” Id. at 1393 (citations omitted).
¶5         Here, there is no dispute that the agency failed to provide the Kalkines
     warning to the appellant. We find, however, that Kalkines does not apply to the
     facts of this case because the agency did not remove the appellant for failing to
     answer questions in the disciplinary investigation.     The agency removed the
     appellant based on his sworn statement admitting that he filed false tax returns in
     2007 and 2008, and the appellant does not dispute the facts underlying the
     charged misconduct on review. See RAF, Tab 4 at 12, 14; IAF, Tab 4, Vol. 2
     at 26-27. Moreover, we agree with the administrative judge’s finding that, before
     the appellant’s interview by OPR, the appellant received an “Administrative
                                                                                    4

Warning” that complied with the procedure in Kalkines. 3          ID at 12-13.    We
therefore find that the appellant’s arguments on review present no reason to
disturb the initial decision affirming his removal based on the proven charge of
filing a false tax return.

                 NOTICE TO THE APPELLANT REGARDING
                    YOUR FURTHER REVIEW RIGHTS
      You have the right to request review of this final decision by the United
States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit. You must submit your request to
the court at the following address:
                             United States Court of Appeals
                                 for the Federal Circuit
                               717 Madison Place, N.W.
                                Washington, DC 20439

      The court must receive your request for review no later than 60 calendar
days after the date of this order. See 5 U.S.C. § 7703(b)(1)(A) (as rev. eff. Dec.
27, 2012). If you choose to file, be very careful to file on time. The court has
held that normally it does not have the authority to waive this statutory deadline
and that filings that do not comply with the deadline must be dismissed. See
Pinat v. Office of Personnel Management, 931 F.2d 1544 (Fed. Cir. 1991).
      If you need further information about your right to appeal this decision to
court, you should refer to the federal law that gives you this right. It is found in
Title 5 of the United States Code, section 7703 (5 U.S.C. § 7703) (as rev. eff.
Dec. 27, 2012). You may read this law as well as other sections of the United

3
  The record reflects that the appellant received an “Administrative Warning” advising
him, before his OPR interview, that the inquiry was “solely administrative” and that
“neither [his] answers, nor any information or evidence gained by reason of [his]
answers, [could] be used against [him] in a criminal proceeding,” except if such
answers were false. RAF, Tab 4 at 20; see Masino v. United States, 589 F.2d 1048,
1053 (Ct. Cl. 1978) (finding that the agency strictly complied with the Kalkines
decision by informing the appellant, before his administrative interview, “that any
answers he gave could not be used against him in any subsequent criminal proceeding
except if such answers were false”).
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States   Code,   at   our    website,   http://www.mspb.gov/appeals/uscode.htm.
Additional information is available at the court's website, www.cafc.uscourts.gov.
Of particular relevance is the court's "Guide for Pro Se Petitioners and
Appellants," which is contained within the court's Rules of Practice, and Forms 5,
6, and 11.
     If you are interested in securing pro bono representation for your court
appeal, you may visit our website at http://www.mspb.gov/probono for a list of
attorneys who have expressed interest in providing pro bono representation for
Merit Systems Protection Board appellants before the court. The Merit Systems
Protection Board neither endorses the services provided by any attorney nor
warrants that any attorney will accept representation in a given case.




FOR THE BOARD:                            ______________________________
                                          William D. Spencer
                                          Clerk of the Board
Washington, D.C.
