                                  NUMBER 13-08-00417-CV

                                  COURT OF APPEALS

                      THIRTEENTH DISTRICT OF TEXAS

                         CORPUS CHRISTI - EDINBURG


LAWRENCE EDWARD THOMPSON,                                                                Appellant,

                                                    v.

JOSE ALISEDA AND RISSIE OWENS,                                                            Appellees.



     On appeal from the 156th District Court of Bee County, Texas.


                               MEMORANDUM OPINION

                     Before Justices Rodriguez, Garza, and Vela
                      Memorandum Opinion by Justice Garza

       Appellant, Lawrence Edward Thompson, is currently incarcerated at the Darrington

Unit of the Texas Department of Criminal Justice (“TDCJ”). Acting pro se, he appeals from

the trial court’s May 19, 2008 dismissal order in favor of appellees, Jose Aliseda and Rissie

Owens.1 By three issues, Thompson contends that the trial court abused its discretion in

dismissing his claims for: (1) failing to file an affidavit describing previous lawsuits he had

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           Aliseda is a Mem ber, and Rissie Owens is the Chair, of the Texas Board of Pardons and Paroles.
filed; (2) failing to provide any grievance records from the Board of Pardons and Paroles;

and (3) lack of subject matter jurisdiction. We affirm.

                              I. FACTUAL AND PROCEDURAL BACKGROUND

         Thompson filed his pro se original petition on October 26, 2007, asserting claims

under sections 1981, 1983, 1985, and 1986 of title 42 of the United States Code.

Specifically, Thompson alleged the following:

         Plaintiff asserts claims pursuant to 42 U.S.C. §§ 1981, 1983, 1985, and 1986
         for violation of Plaintiff’s rights by conspiring to, and arbitrarily and
         capriciously denying Plaintiff parole through the retroactive use of law,
         policies, guidelines, and procedures that were not in effect when Plaintiff’s
         commitment offense was committed that makes it harder for Plaintiff to make
         parole; use of racial and religious discrimination to deny Plaintiff parole;
         retaliation for Plaintiff’s legal and religious activities; requiring Plaintiff to
         participate in TDCJ-sponsored programs that violate Plaintiff’s chosen
         religious beliefs; a failure to supervise and train; and a violation of Texas law
         in reviewing Plaintiff for parole.

Among other things, Thompson did not file: (1) an affidavit of inability to pay; (2) a printout

of the last three months of his TDCJ trust account; (3) an affidavit documenting the

previous lawsuits he had filed; or (4) a written decision from a grievance system.2 See TEX .

CIV. PRAC . & REM . CODE ANN . §§ 14.004-.005 (Vernon 2002). Accordingly, the trial court

assessed filing fees against Thompson and ordered a copy of Thompson’s inmate trust

account.3 Thompson’s inmate trust account indicated that as of November 9, 2007, he had

         2
          On June 30, 2008, Thom pson filed an affidavit of inability to pay costs, thereby triggering the
provisions of chapter 14 of the civil practice and rem edies code. See T EX . C IV . P RAC . & R EM . C OD E A N N . §§
14.001-.014 (Vernon 2002). The record, however, does not indicate that Thom pson filed an affidavit
chronicling previous lawsuits he has filed in accordance with section 14.004 of the civil practice and rem edies
code. See id. § 14.004. Thom pson’s failure to file such an affidavit would, in and of itself, be sufficient to
warrant a dism issal of his claim s without prejudice. See Bell v. Tex. Dep’t. of Criminal Justice-Inst. Div., 962
S.W .2d 156, 158 (Tex. App.–Houston [14th Dist.] 1998, pet. denied) (holding that “when an inm ate does not
com ply with the affidavit requirem ents of section 14.004, the trial court is entitled to assum e the suit is
substantially sim ilar to one previously filed by the inm ate, and therefore, frivolous”).

         3
            The trial court also ordered the Attorney General to file an answer on behalf of appellees within 120
days of its order and to advise the trial court as to whether Thom pson had com plied with all the statutory
requirem ents of chapter 14 of the civil practice and rem edies code. See generally T EX . C IV . P RAC . & R EM .
C OD E A N N . §§ 14.001-.014.

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a balance of $.01 and that he was declared indigent on October 30, 2007.

       On February 15, 2008, the Attorney General’s Office filed an “Amicus Curiae

Advisory” on behalf of appellees, contending that Thompson’s claims should be dismissed

because: (1) he had failed to file an affidavit of previous filings; (2) he did not exhaust all

of his administrative remedies; and (3) his claims should have been brought pursuant to

a writ of habeas corpus, and, therefore, the trial court lacked subject matter jurisdiction.

       On May 19, 2008, the trial court dismissed Thompson’s claims. In particular, the

trial court noted the following in its order:

             Plaintiff complains of the action of the Texas Board of Pardon[s] and
       Parole[s] in establishing his release date from prison.

               Plaintiff has not filed a separate affidavit or unsworn declaration
       identifying each pro se lawsuit, by listing the operation [sic] facts, the case
       name, cause number, and court filed, parties and results of the suit, including
       whether the suit was dismissed pursuant to Chapter 14 of the Texas Practice
       and Remedies Code.

              Plaintiff has not complied with the requirements of Texas Government
       Code Annotated Section 501.008 by failing to provide any grievance records
       from the Board of Pardons and Parole[s].

              The Plaintiff is requesting his parole revocation in 2005 be
       reconsidered by the Court. This court has no subject matter jurisdiction over
       such issues.

              Plaintiff may in fact be attempting to invoke Habeas Corpus relief in
       his petition. Article 11.07 Code of Criminal Procedure controls habeas
       corpus relief in Texas [c]riminal [c]ases. . . . This court lacks jurisdiction of
       his habeas request.

       This appeal ensued.

                                          II. ANALYSIS

       In his third issue, Thompson alleges that the trial court abused its discretion in

dismissing his claims for lack of subject matter jurisdiction. Specifically, Thompson argues

that the trial court was incorrect in concluding that the substance of his petition pertained

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only to his 2005 parole revocation. Instead, Thompson appears to assert that the TDCJ

continuously discriminated against him at various parole hearings.4

1. Standard of Review

        Subject matter jurisdiction is an essential part of the authority of a court to decide

a case, and it is never to be presumed and cannot be waived. Tex. Ass’n of Bus. v. Tex.

Air Control Bd., 852 S.W.2d 440, 443-44 (Tex. 1993). The reviewing court determines

whether subject matter jurisdiction exists as a question of law, subject to de novo review.

Mayhew v. Town of Sunnyvale, 964 S.W.2d 922, 928 (Tex. 1998).

        “Because we evaluate pro se pleadings liberally in order to determine the merits of

the complaint, we review the same claims and grounds for jurisdiction as below.” Martin

v. State Bd. of Criminal Justice, 60 S.W.3d 226, 228 (Tex. App.–Corpus Christi 2006, no

pet.) (citing Haines v. Kerner, 404 U.S. 519, 520 (1972); Johnson v. McAdams, 781

S.W.2d 451, 452 (Tex. App.–Houston [1st Dist.] 1990, no writ)).

2. Discussion

        In his original petition, Thompson takes issue with the manner in which numerous

parole hearings were conducted. Thompson alleges, without providing sufficient evidence,

that the TDCJ continuously discriminated against him in parole hearings conducted on

January 1, 1991, May 13, 1993, June 6, 1994, May 25, 1998, August 2000, August 2,




        4
            To the extent that Thom pson challenges the constitutionality of the Board of Pardons and Paroles
procedures governing parole, we note that “Texas law does not create a liberty interest in parole that is
protected by due process.” Martin v. State Bd. of Criminal Justice, 60 S.W .3d 226, 230 (Tex. App.–Corpus
Christi 2006, no pet.) (citing Allison v. Kyle, 66 F.3d 71, 74 (5th Cir. 1995)); see Johnson v. Davis, 178 S.W .3d
230, 239 (Tex. App.–Houston [14th Dist.] 2005, pet. denied). Therefore, because he has no liberty interest
in obtaining parole, an inm ate cannot attack the constitutionality of procedural devices attendant to parole
decisions. See Martin, 60 S.W .3d at 230 (citing Orellana v. Kyle, 65 F.3d 29, 32 (5th Cir. 1995)). Moreover,
“[a] district court has no constitutional or statutory jurisdiction to exercise supervisory control over prison
officials.” Martin, 60 S.W .3d at 229 (citing Martinez v. Thaler, 931 S.W .2d 45, 46 (Tex. App.–Houston [14th
Dist.] 1993, writ denied)).

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2006, and August 2, 2007, because he is a Muslim African-American.5

        The United States Supreme Court has held that an inmate in state custody cannot

use a section 1983 action to challenge “the fact or duration of his confinement.” Wilkinson

v. Dotson, 544 U.S. 74, 78 (2005). Instead, the inmate should file a petition for writ of

habeas corpus. Id. In the present case, Thompson essentially argues that he was denied

parole and his confinement was extended because the Board of Pardons and Paroles

engaged in various forms of discrimination. As such, Thompson should have asserted his

claims in a petition for writ of habeas corpus. See id.

        In addition, Texas courts have held that a person alleging irregularities occurring

during parole proceedings should raise those issues by way of a post-conviction application

for writ of habeas corpus under article 11.07 of the code of criminal procedure. See Bd.

of Pardons & Paroles v. Court of Appeals for the Eighth Dist., 910 S.W.2d 481, 484 (Tex.

Crim. App. 1995); see also Williams v. Owens, No. 11-06-00184-CV, 2007 Tex. App.

LEXIS 6344, at *5 (Tex. App.–Eastland Aug. 9, 2007, pet. denied) (mem. op.) (per curiam)

(citing TEX . CODE CRIM . PROC . ANN . art. 11.07 (Vernon 2005); Bd. of Pardons & Paroles,

910 S.W.3d at 484). Article 11.07 of the code of criminal procedure provides that the

Texas Court of Criminal Appeals retains the exclusive authority to grant relief in such

proceedings. See TEX . CODE CRIM . PROC . ANN . art. 11.07, § 3; see also Bd. of Pardons &

Paroles, 910 S.W.2d at 484.

        Because a writ of habeas corpus is the exclusive remedy for addressing alleged

irregularities occurring during parole proceedings, and because Thompson is essentially

challenging the duration of his incarceration, the trial court did not have jurisdiction to grant


        5
         Thom pson noted in his original petition that he was granted parole on June 12, 2002, but that his
parole was revoked on June 23, 2005.

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Thompson the relief requested in his original petition. Therefore, the trial court did not

abuse its discretion in dismissing Thompson’s claims for lack of subject matter jurisdiction.

Accordingly, we overrule Thompson’s third issue.

       Because we have concluded that the trial court lacked subject matter jurisdiction

over Thompson’s claims, we need not address Thompson’s two remaining issues on

appeal. See TEX . R. APP. P. 47.1; see also Williams, 2007 Tex. App. LEXIS 6344, at **5-6

(concluding that the trial court lacked subject matter jurisdiction over an inmate’s claims

against the Texas Board of Pardons and Paroles and, therefore, affirming the trial court’s

dismissal of the inmate’s claims without addressing the inmate’s other issues).

                                      IV. CONCLUSION

       We affirm the trial court’s order of dismissal.




                                                  DORI CONTRERAS GARZA,
                                                  Justice

Memorandum Opinion delivered and
filed this the 29th day of January, 2009.




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