                   IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF IOWA

                                  No. 15-1451
                           Filed November 23, 2016

MT. PLEASANT MUNICIPAL UTILITIES,
      Plaintiff-Appellee,

vs.

IOWA UTILITIES BOARD,
     Defendant-Appellant.
________________________________________________________________


      Appeal from the Iowa District Court for Henry County, Lucy J. Gamon,

Judge.



      The Iowa Utilities Board appeals the district court’s decision on a statutory

question and remand to the board. APPEAL DISMISSED.




      David J. Lynch, General Counsel, and Cecil I. Wright, Assistant General

Counsel, Des Moines, for appellant.

      Ivan T. Webber and James R. Wainwright of Ahlers & Cooney, P.C., Des

Moines, for appellee.



      Heard by Vaitheswaran, P.J., and Potterfield and Bower, JJ.
                                         2


VAITHESWARAN, Presiding Judge.

       We must decide whether an appeal is moot and whether we should

consider the appeal under an exception to the mootness doctrine.

I. Background Proceedings

       Mount Pleasant Municipal Utilities refused to provide a city resident utility

service until she paid an outstanding bill. The woman filed a complaint with the

Iowa Utilities Board. The board issued an informal “proposed resolution” letter

requiring “Mount Pleasant to offer [the woman] a six-month payment agreement,

if [she] would still want utility service in [her] name.” The letter stated, “If any

party disagrees with the proposed resolution, that party may request a formal

proceeding with the Board.”

       Mount Pleasant requested a formal proceeding to address whether the

utility could statutorily deny service based on the outstanding bill or whether it

had to connect service and afford the woman a payment plan on the outstanding

bill. The board denied the request for a formal proceeding to litigate this statutory

question.

       Mount Pleasant sought judicial review of the agency decision. See Iowa

Code § 17A.19 (2015).       The district court ruled for Mount Pleasant on the

statutory question and remanded the case for a formal proceeding to dismiss the

complaint. The board appealed and the appeal was transferred to this court for

disposition.

       After the notice of appeal was filed, Mount Pleasant notified the court that

the woman who sought utility service had paid the outstanding bill. The utility

acknowledged the payment “appear[ed] to eliminate the factual basis for the
                                           3


dispute” with the Iowa Utilities Board. Mount Pleasant nonetheless asked this

court to “exercise its discretion to decide [the appeal]” on the ground that the

appeal “presents issues of public importance to municipal utilities and their

customers.” The board filed a resistance, arguing the appeal was moot because

a decision would “have no practical legal effect upon any existing controversy.”

The board requested “the Court dismiss this appeal.”1

II. Mootness

       We begin and end with the mootness question. An appeal “is moot if it no

longer presents a justiciable controversy.” Homan v. Branstad, 864 N.W.2d 321,

328 (Iowa 2015) (citation omitted). This appeal no longer presents a justiciable

controversy because the potential customer paid the outstanding bill on which

the statutory question was predicated. There is no need for a payment plan and

no need for a formal proceeding before the agency to address the board’s

requirement of a payment plan.

       Mount Pleasant insists the dispute is one of broad public importance. See

In re B.B., 826 N.W.2d 425, 428-29 (Iowa 2013) (“[O]ne exception [to the

mootness doctrine] permits appellate review of otherwise moot issues when the

issue is one of broad public importance likely to recur.”); State v. Hernandez-

Lopez, 639 N.W.2d 226, 234 (Iowa 2002) (considering factors for deciding

whether to review a moot claim). In its view, the issue of whether a utility may

statutorily withhold service until an outstanding bill is paid—rather than connect


1
  The board did not dismiss its appeal of its own accord. See Iowa Ct. R. 6.1201(1) (“An
appeal may be voluntarily dismissed by the party who filed the appeal at any time before
a decision is filed by either the supreme court or the court of appeals.”).
                                          4


service and afford the customer a plan to repay the past-due bill—is one that will

affect municipal electric and natural gas utilities around the State. The board

essentially concedes the importance of this statutory issue, but points out that the

agency intends to address it in a rulemaking proceeding, which will allow “[a]ll

interested persons, including M[ount] Pleasant and the Iowa Association of

Municipal Utilities” to weigh in.

       We need not decide whether a rule making proceeding at some later date

is grounds for foregoing a decision on the statutory question at this time because

the statutory question both sides seek to resolve would not be before us even if

we were to consider this moot appeal. As noted, the agency decision from which

Mount Pleasant appealed was the denial of a formal proceeding. The only issue

on judicial review, then, was whether the agency erred in denying Mount

Pleasant’s request for a formal proceeding.2 The statutory question concerning

the utility’s ability to deny service pending payment was not formally addressed

by the agency, was not properly before the district court on judicial review, and is

not properly before us. See State ex. rel. Miller v. DeCoster, 608 N.W.2d 785,

791 (Iowa 2000) (noting that, under the doctrine of primary jurisdiction, “courts

will not determine a controversy involving a question which is within the

jurisdiction of an administrative tribunal or agency prior to the solution of that

question by the administrative tribunal” in certain enumerated circumstances”

citation omitted)); City of Waukee v. City Dev. Bd., 514 N.W.2d 83, 90 (Iowa

1994) (“[T]he doctrine of primary jurisdiction compels us to leave the resolution of

2
 We recognize the district court decided the statutory question. The court’s authority
was limited to “issues considered and decided by the agency.” Meads v. Iowa Dep’t of
Soc. Servs., 366 N.W.2d 555, 559 (Iowa 1985).
                                        5

the merits of this controversy to the CDB.”); see also Iowa Ins. Inst. v. Core Grp.

of Iowa Ass’n for Justice, 867 N.W.2d 58, 68 (Iowa 2015) (noting “[t]he legislature

has granted agencies multifaceted authority,” which they exercise “when deciding

contested cases; and . . . when they promulgate rules and rule on petitions for

declaratory orders”).

       We conclude the appeal is moot and the only underlying issue that would

properly be before us—whether the agency should have granted a formal

proceeding—is not one of public importance warranting review of this moot

appeal. The appeal is dismissed.

       APPEAL DISMISSED.
