                IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF TENNESSEE
                            AT NASHVILLE
                        Assigned on Briefs November 14, 2011

 WILLIAM LEE DRUMBARGER v. STATE OF TENNESSEE BOARD OF
    PROBATION AND PAROLE, CHARLES TRAUGHBER ET AL.

                Appeal from the Chancery Court for Davidson County
                    No. 101535III    Ellen H. Lyle, Chancellor


               No. M2011-00086-COA-R3-CV - Filed January 20, 2012


Inmate appeals the dismissal of his petition for writ of certiorari for failure to comply with
the statutory requirement of verification. We find no error in the trial court’s decision.

 Tenn. R. App. P. 3 Appeal as of Right; Judgment of the Chancery Court Affirmed

A NDY D. B ENNETT, J., delivered the opinion of the Court, in which F RANK G. C LEMENT, J R.
and R ICHARD H. D INKINS, JJ., joined.

William Lee Drumbarger, Henning, Tennessee, Pro Se.

Robert E. Cooper, Jr., Attorney General and Reporter; Pamela S. Lorch, Senior Counsel; for
the appellees, State of Tennessee Board of Probation and Parole and Charles Traughber.

                                         OPINION

                        F ACTUAL AND P ROCEDURAL B ACKGROUND

       William Lee Drumbarger, an inmate in the custody of the Tennessee Department of
Correction, filed a petition for common law writ of certiorari against the Tennessee Board
of Probation and Parole and others on September 21, 2010. In his petition, Drumbarger
challenged the defendants’ decision to deny him parole; the parole board’s decision became
final on July 19, 2010. Drumbarger’s petition is notarized and includes the following
statement under the heading “Verification”:

       I, William Lee Drumbarger, do hereby verify that the preceding petition
       submitted has been placed therewith to the best of my knowledge and
       understanding, as well as that this is my first application for Writ of Certiorari
       in this instance.

       The defendants filed a motion to dismiss on October 28, 2010, asserting that the
petition should be dismissed pursuant to Tenn. R. Civ. P. 12.02(1) for lack of subject matter
jurisdiction because Drumbarger failed to properly verify the petition. On December 20,
2010, the trial court entered a memorandum and order granting the defendants’ motion to
dismiss due to Drumbarger’s failure to “verify his petition for common law writ of certiorari
as required by the Tennessee constitution and statutes.” After receiving Drumbarger’s
motion for judgment on the pleadings, the trial court vacated the December order and entered
a new order on February 16, 2011, in which the court reiterated its previous reasoning and
again granted the defendants’ motion to dismiss. The court also denied Drumbarger’s motion
for judgment on the pleadings.

       In this appeal, Drumbarger argues that the verification included in his petition was
sufficient to satisfy the statutory requirement, and that the trial court erred “in not advising
him that his petition could be dismissed if not amended.” For the reasons discussed below,
we reject both arguments.

                                    S TANDARD OF R EVIEW

       The defendants moved to dismiss pursuant to Tenn. R. Civ. P. 12.02(1) for lack of
subject matter jurisdiction. Our Supreme Court has held that, “[s]ince a determination of
whether subject matter jurisdiction exists is a question of law, our standard of review is de
novo, without a presumption of correctness.” Northland Ins. Co. v. State, 33 S.W.3d 727,
729 (Tenn. 2000).

                                           A NALYSIS

       Article 6, section 10 of the Tennessee Constitution provides that judges of the inferior
courts of law and equity shall have the power in civil cases to issue writs of certiorari
“supported by oath or affirmation.” Consistent with the constitution, Tenn. Code Ann. § 27-
8-104(a) provides:

       The judges of the inferior courts of law have the power, in all civil cases, to
       issue writs of certiorari to remove any cause or transcript thereof from any
       inferior jurisdiction, on sufficient cause, supported by oath or affirmation.

(Emphasis added). Tennessee cases have consistently held that subject matter jurisdiction
must be conferred by constitutional or legislative act and that a writ of certiorari must satisfy


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the verification requirement in order for the court to have subject matter jurisdiction. Bd. of
Prof’l Responsibility v. Cawood, 330 S.W.3d 608, 609 (Tenn. 2010); Jackson v. Tenn. Dept.
of Corr., 240 S.W.3d 241, 245 (Tenn. Ct. App. 2006); Wilson v. Tenn. Dept. of Corr., No.
W2005-00910-COA-R3-CV, 2006 WL 325933, at *4 (Tenn. Ct. App. Feb. 13, 2006); see
also State v. L.W., 350 S.W.3d 911, 915 (Tenn. 2011).

       Drumbarger argues that the statement used in his petition for writ of certiorari is good
enough to satisfy the verification requirement. We cannot agree. In distinguishing
verification from acknowledgment, this court has previously made clear that “verification
establishes the truth of the document’s contents” (whereas acknowledgment establishes the
proper execution of the document). D.T. McCall & Sons v. Seagraves, 796 S.W.2d 457, 463
(Tenn. Ct. App. 1990). Addressing the verification requirement applicable to petitions for
post-conviction relief, the Court of Criminal Appeals rejected the following sworn statement
as insufficient:

       First being duly sworn, I Charles Montague, do hereby swear that I drafted this
       Post-Conviction Petition, and I have knowledge and understanding of the
       allegations contained therein.

Montague v. State, No. E2000-01330-CCA-R3-PC, 2001 WL 1011464, at *2 (Tenn. Crim.
App. Sept. 4, 2001). The court characterized this statement as “an acknowledgment that the
petitioner was aware of the contents of the documents, not that he swore to the truthfulness
of such statements.” Id.

       Applying these principles to the facts at issue here, we agree with the trial court’s
conclusion that Drumbarger’s statement “verifies only that he has knowledge and
understanding of the allegations; the statement does not establish the truth of the document’s
contents.” While Drumbarger urges this court to apply the liberal standards of interpretation
generally used by Tennessee courts with respect to pleadings, this court is not at liberty to do
so with respect to statutory and constitutional procedural requirements necessary to confer
subject matter jurisdiction, which must be strictly construed. See State v. L.W., 350 S.W.3d
at 915. Moreover, although we afford pro se litigants a significant amount of deference, we
cannot excuse such litigants from compliance with the procedural and substantive law
applicable to all parties. Eads v. Tenn. Dept. of Corr., No. E2010-02246-COA-R3-CV, 2011
WL 3847403, at *2 (Tenn. Ct. App. Aug. 31, 2011); Jackson, 240 S.W.3d at 247; Wilson,
2006 WL 325933, at *5.

       Drumbarger’s final argument is that, instead of dismissing his petition, the trial court
should have advised him that his petition was subject to dismissal unless he supplied proper
verification. Tennessee Code Annotated section 27-9-102 provides that a petition for a writ


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of certiorari must be filed within sixty days of the entry of the order or judgment being
challenged. The 60-day time limit is jurisdictional in civil cases. Jefferson v. Pneumo Servs.
Corp., 699 S.W.2d 181, 184 (Tenn. Ct. App. 1985). In this case, the final administrative
decision was entered on July 19, 2010. Even when the trial court entered its initial denial of
the defendants’ motion to dismiss on December 20, 2010, the 60-day time limit had already
passed. Without the filing of a properly certified petition for writ of certiorari or an order
granting an extension of the 60-day deadline within the 60-day period, the court no longer
has jurisdiction once the sixty days have expired. Blair v. Tenn. Bd. of Probation & Parole,
246 S.W.3d 38, 41 (Tenn. Ct. App. July 27, 2007). Moreover, a trial court is under no
obligation to advise a pro se litigant to amend his or her complaint.

                                        C ONCLUSION

     We affirm the trial court’s decision. Costs of appeal are assessed against Mr.
Drumbarger, and execution may issue if necessary.


                                                       ______________________________
                                                            ANDY D. BENNETT, JUDGE




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