                           NOT FOR PUBLICATION                           FILED
                    UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS                        MAR 9 2020
                                                                      MOLLY C. DWYER, CLERK
                                                                       U.S. COURT OF APPEALS
                           FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT

SYED NAZIM ALI,                                 No. 19-16871

                Plaintiff-Appellant,            D.C. No. 4:19-cv-03744-JSW

 v.
                                                MEMORANDUM*
SERVICENOW, INC.,

                Defendant-Appellee.

                   Appeal from the United States District Court
                      for the Northern District of California
                    Jeffrey S. White, District Judge, Presiding

                            Submitted March 3, 2020**

Before:      MURGUIA, CHRISTEN, and BADE, Circuit Judges.

      Syed Nazim Ali appeals pro se from the district court’s judgment dismissing

his employment action alleging federal and state law claims. We have jurisdiction

under 28 U.S.C. § 1291. We review de novo a dismissal under Federal Rule of

Civil Procedure 12(b)(6). Hebbe v. Pliler, 627 F.3d 338, 341 (9th Cir. 2010). We



      *
             This disposition is not appropriate for publication and is not precedent
except as provided by Ninth Circuit Rule 36-3.
      **
             The panel unanimously concludes this case is suitable for decision
without oral argument. See Fed. R. App. P. 34(a)(2).
affirm.

      The district court properly dismissed Ali’s discrimination claims under Title

VII, the Age Discrimination in Employment Act (“ADEA”), and the California

Fair Employment Housing Act (“FEHA”) because Ali failed to allege facts

sufficient to state a plausible claim. See Ashcroft v. Iqbal, 556 U.S. 662, 679

(2009) (a plaintiff fails to show he is entitled to relief if the complaint’s factual

allegations “do not permit the court to infer more than the mere possibility of [the

alleged] misconduct”); see also Gross v. FBL Fin. Servs., Inc., 557 U.S. 167, 180

(2009) (“[A] plaintiff bringing a disparate-treatment claim pursuant to the ADEA

must prove . . . that age was the ‘but-for’ cause of the challenged adverse

employment action.”); Costa v. Desert Palace, Inc., 299 F.3d 838, 847-48 (9th Cir.

2002) (the protected characteristic must be a motivating factor for the employment

decision for a Title VII discrimination claim); Harris v. City of Santa Monica, 294

P.3d 49, 66 (Cal. 2013) (the protected characteristic must be a substantial

motivating factor for the employment decision for a FEHA discrimination claim).

      The district court did not abuse its discretion by denying Ali leave to amend

his complaint because leave to amend would have been futile. See Serra v. Lappin,

600 F.3d 1191, 1200 (9th Cir. 2010) (setting forth standard of review and factors

for determining whether to grant leave to amend).

      The district court did not abuse its discretion by denying Ali’s motion for


                                            2                                     19-16871
recusal of the district judge because Ali failed to establish any ground for recusal.

See United States v. McTiernan, 695 F.3d 882, 891-92 (9th Cir. 2012) (setting

forth standard of review and circumstances requiring recusal).

      We reject as without merit Ali’s contention that the district court did not

consider Ali’s opposition to the motion to dismiss.

      We do not consider matters not specifically and distinctly raised and argued

in the opening brief, or arguments and allegations raised for the first time on

appeal. See Padgett v. Wright, 587 F.3d 983, 985 n.2 (9th Cir. 2009).

      We do not consider documents not presented to the district court. See

United States v. Elias, 921 F.2d 870, 874 (9th Cir. 1990). Accordingly,

defendant’s motion to strike is denied as unnecessary.

      AFFIRMED.




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