[Cite as Hinton Adult Care Facility v. Ohio Dept. of Mental Health & Addiction Servs., 2017-Ohio-4113.]


                              IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF OHIO
                                 FOURTH APPELLATE DISTRICT
                                       ROSS COUNTY


HINTON ADULT CARE FACILITY, et al.,                        :
                                                           :
        Appellants-Appellants,                             :
                                                           :                Case No. 16CA3566
        v.                                                 :
                                                           :                DECISION AND
OHIO DEPARTMENT OF MENTAL HEALTH                           :                JUDGMENT ENTRY
AND ADDICTION SERVICES,                                    :
                                                           :
        Appellee-Appellee.                                 :                RELEASED 05/26/2017



                                            APPEARANCES:

Kevin L. Shoemaker, Shoemaker Law Office, Dublin, Ohio, for appellants Hinton Adult Care
Facility and Friendship Adult Care Facility.

Michael DeWine, Ohio Attorney General, and Roger Carroll, Principal Assistant Ohio Attorney
General, Columbus, Ohio, for appellee Ohio Department of Mental Health and Addiction
Services.


Hoover, J.


        {¶ 1} In May 2015 the Ohio Department of Mental Health and Addiction Services

(“ODMHAS”) denied the renewal of an adult care license for Friendship Adult Care Facility

(“Friendship”), and revoked the adult care license for Hinton Adult Care Facility (“Hinton”),

after it determined that both facilities had overcharged their residents who participated in the

Residential State Supplement (“RSS”) program. The ODMHAS’s decision to revoke and deny

renewal of the licenses was memorialized in two separate Adjudication Orders. Friendship and

Hinton appealed from the Adjudication Orders to the Ross County Common Pleas Court

pursuant to R.C. 119.12. The Ross County Common Pleas Court consolidated the two cases and
Ross App. No. 16CA3566                                                                             2


affirmed the Adjudication Orders, finding that the Adjudication Orders were supported by

reliable, probative, and substantial evidence and were in accordance with the laws of Ohio. On

appeal to this Court, Friendship and Hinton contend that the common pleas court erred in

affirming the Adjudication Orders because they were not in accordance with the law. For the

reasons that follow, we conclude that the arguments raised by Friendship and Hinton are without

merit. Accordingly, we affirm the judgment of the common pleas court.

                                I. Facts and Procedural Posture

       {¶ 2} Friendship and Hinton are adult group homes operating in Ross County, Ohio, and

have residents who participate in the RSS program. Both Friendship and Hinton voluntarily

agreed to take residents who were enrolled in the RSS program.

       {¶ 3} On September 28, 2012, the ODMHAS sent a memorandum to all adult care

facilities and their various associations, including Friendship and Hinton, reminding the facilities

that the maximum monthly allowable fee for RSS participants living in an adult group home was

$877. The memorandum clarified that the allowable fee was to be accepted as payment in full for

accommodations, supervision, and personal care services pursuant to Ohio Administrative Code

5122-36-04 and 5122-36-05. Notably, the memorandum emphasized that the failure to adhere to

this directive or other administrative code provisions could result in regulatory action.

       {¶ 4} On November 23, 2012, the ODMHAS notified Friendship and Hinton again. The

notification was that the facilities may be charging their RSS residents more than the allowable

fee. In response, Friendship and Hinton provided the ODMHAS with their residential agreements

setting forth what they were charging the RSS participants. Based upon the records provided, it

was determined that Friendship had seven residents who participated in the RSS program; and

contrary to the rules, these residents were being charged $1,294 a month. Furthermore, the
Ross App. No. 16CA3566                                                                               3


ODMHAS determined that Hinton was charging four RSS residents $1,294 per month, one RSS

resident $1,258, one RSS resident $1,280, and one RSS resident $1,050, all in violation of the

administrative rules.

       {¶ 5} On September 23, 2013, the ODMHAS issued a notice to deny the renewal of

Friendship’s adult care license, and a notice to revoke Hinton’s adult care license, based upon the

investigation evidencing the overcharging of RSS residents. By agreement of the parties, the

matters involving the denial of the renewal of the adult care license for Friendship and the

revocation of the adult care license for Hinton were set for joint administrative hearing on April

22, 2014. An administrative hearing occurred on that date before an impartial Hearing Examiner

pursuant to R.C. Chapter 119.

       {¶ 6} At the administrative hearing, sworn testimony was received from Janel Pequignot,

Chief of the Bureau of Licensure and Certification for the ODMHAS, and Nellie Book, owner

and operator of Friendship. The testimony was transcribed by a court reporter. The ODMHAS,

Friendship, and Hinton all admitted documentary exhibits into evidence. Furthermore, because

the issues were the same and the witnesses were to be the same, the parties agreed that the

testimony would serve as evidence in both cases.

       {¶ 7} Pequignot testified that the ODMHAS licenses adult foster homes and adult care

facilities for people living in RSS placements. She explained that there are two types of adult

care facilities: adult group homes, which are licensed for 6-16 residents, and adult family homes,

which are licensed for 3-5 residents. Friendship and Hinton are both adult group homes.

Pequignot clarified that adult care facilities are not required to serve RSS participants; and if

there are no RSS participants in the facility, there are no restrictions on the fee that can be

charged residents. However, Pequignot testified that once a facility accepts an RSS participant as
Ross App. No. 16CA3566                                                                               4


a resident, then the facility must comply with the RSS program rules, including the maximum

allowable fee which can be charged the resident.

       {¶ 8} Pequignot further testified that while over 900 RSS residents in the state are being

charged the correct allowable fee; 36 are not. Pequignot testified that all but five of the adult care

facilities in Ohio are in compliance with the rule regarding maximum allowable fees. Two of the

five non-complying facilities are Friendship and Hinton. Finally, Pequignot testified that she

reviewed the RSS resident agreements at Friendship and Hinton, and she discovered that the RSS

residents were being charged more than the allowable fee.

       {¶ 9} Book testified that she knows the maximum allowable fee that can be charged an

RSS resident is $877. Book also acknowledged that the Ohio Administrative Code states that a

group home cannot accept any money from a resident or the resident’s family above $877. Book

testified, however, that she charged the increased rates based upon information she received at a

meeting in 2009. Book explained that sometime in the fall of 2009, a resident of Friendship was

informed that the Social Security Administration had overpaid her and the overpayment needed

to be returned. Book then set up a meeting to explain the overpayment. According to Book,

several people attended the meeting including herself, Ms. Lois Hinton (the operator of Hinton),

Joyce Peck (an employee of the Social Security Office in Ross County), Becky Simon (RSS

supervisor of the Department of Aging District 7), and Ted Baer (RSS case manager). According

to Book, Peck stated at the meeting that a resident can only keep $30 of the money received from

the Social Security Administration as a personal needs allowance. Based on this statement,

Friendship and Hinton decided to keep all of the residents’ Social Security and RSS money, with

the exception of $50 ($30 personal needs and $20 income disregard) as payment for their living

arrangements. Book acknowledged that Simon did not agree with Peck’s interpretation given at
Ross App. No. 16CA3566                                                                                 5


the meeting in 2009. Counsel for Friendship and Hinton also stated that Peck’s statements were

not being “offered for the truth of the statement [but merely] * * * to show what the effect was

on the listeners, the providers. That’s what we’re proffering in testimony.”

       {¶ 10} Pequignot, however, testified that there is nothing in Ohio or federal law that

limits a RSS participant’s benefits to $50 a month after paying the adult group home. Rather,

Pequignot testified that it would be a violation of Ohio law if the resident paid the $877

allowable fee and then also passed on all but $50 of their personal income to the group home

operator. Pequignot further testified that the Social Security Administration had never informed

the ODMHAS that it was improper to set a fee for an adult group home provider of $877 a

month for residents who are participants in RSS program. Furthermore, Pequignot testified that

the Social Security Administration had never informed the ODMHAS that it was a violation of

law for an individual on SSI to keep more than $50 of monthly income.

       {¶ 11} On April 7, 2015, the Hearing Examiner issued her Report and Recommendation,

recommending to the Director of the ODMHAS that the renewal of Friendship’s license be

denied. In the Report and Recommendation, the Hearing Examiner found that Friendship was

charging seven RSS residents $1,294 per month, or $417 more than was permissible under the

administrative rules. The Hearing Examiner also found that sometime after the ODMHAS had

issued its notice letter to Friendship to deny its renewal, its RSS residents received a $11 cost of

living adjustment from Social Security, and that Friendship then raised its rent an additional $11

to $1,305. This left the RSS residents with only $50 a month for their personal needs. The

Hearing Examiner also found that Friendship’s CEO was aware that Ohio Administrative Code

5122-36-05 did not permit it to charge more than $877 a month. The Hearing Examiner

concluded that Ohio Administrative Code 5122-36-04, 5122-36-05, and 5122-33-23 are properly
Ross App. No. 16CA3566                                                                            6


promulgated rules and have the force of law. Moreover, the Hearing Examiner recommended

that the renewal of Friendship’s license should be denied because by charging its RSS residents

more than $877 a month it violated Ohio Administrative Code 5122-36-04 and 5122-36-05,

exploited its residents in violation of Ohio Administrative Code 5122-33-23(B)(15), and violated

the residents’ rights to manage their own personal affairs contrary to Ohio Administrative Code

5122-33-23(B)(4). On May 19, 2015, the Director of the ODMHAS issued an Adjudication

Order denying the renewal of Friendship’s license. The Adjudication Order expressly adopted

the Hearing Examiner’s Findings of Fact and Conclusions of Law.

       {¶ 12} Also on April 7, 2015, the Hearing Examiner issued her Report and

Recommendation recommending to the Director of the ODMHAS that Hinton’s license be

revoked. In the Report and Recommendation, the Hearing Examiner found that Hinton charged

seven RSS residents more than $877 per month. Specifically, the Hearing Examiner determined

that Hinton charged its RSS residents between $1,050 and $1,294 per month. The Hearing

Examiner concluded that Ohio Administrative Code 5122-36-04, 5122-36-05, and 5122-33-23

are properly promulgated rules and have the force of law. Moreover, the Hearing Examiner

recommended that Hinton’s license be revoked because it charged its RSS residents more than

$877 a month in violation of Ohio Administrative Code 5122-36-04 and 5122-36-05. The

Hearing Examiner also concluded that Hinton exploited its residents in violation of Ohio

Administrative Code 5122-33-23(B)(15), and violated the residents’ rights to manage their own

personal affairs contrary to Ohio Administrative Code 5122-33-23(B)(4). On May 20, 2015, the

Director of the ODMHAS issued an Adjudication Order revoking Hinton’s license. The

Adjudication Order expressly adopted the Hearing Examiner’s Findings of Fact and Conclusions

of Law.
Ross App. No. 16CA3566                                                                            7


       {¶ 13} Following the issuance of the Adjudication Orders, Friendship and Hinton

appealed to the common pleas court pursuant to R.C. 119.12. The common pleas court

consolidated the two cases on August 17, 2015. In their appeal to the common pleas court,

Friendship and Hinton argued that the Adjudication Orders were not in accordance with the law.

Specifically, Friendship and Hinton questioned the rule-making authority of the ODMHAS to

establish the rate adult group homes could charge its RSS residents. Furthermore, Friendship and

Hinton argued that the relevant rules established by the ODMHAS conflicted with the Social

Security Act.

       {¶ 14} The common pleas court affirmed the Adjudication Orders by decision and

judgment entry, finding that the Adjudication Orders were supported by reliable, probative, and

substantial evidence and were in accordance with the law. In particular, the common pleas court

determined that the administrative rules did not conflict with the Social Security Act; and that the

General Assembly had granted the ODMHAS authority to promulgate the administrative rules at

issue. Friendship and Hinton now appeal to this Court.

                                    II. Assignments of Error

       {¶ 15} Friendship and Hinton jointly assert the following assignments of error for review:

Assignment of Error No. 1:

       The trial court erred by holding that the Adjudication Order dated May 20, 2015
       in the matter of Hinton Adult Care Facility and the Adjudication Order dated May
       19, 2015 in the matter of Friendship Adult Care Facility issued by the Ohio
       Department of Mental Health and Addiction Services are supported by reliable,
       probative and substantial evidence and are in accordance with law.
       Decision and Judgment Entry p.p. 11-12
Assignment of Error No. 2:

       The trial court erred by failing to that find [sic.] the Adjudication Orders were
       contrary to the Social Security Act.
       Decision and Judgment Entry p. 13
Ross App. No. 16CA3566                                                                                             8


Assignment of Error No. 3:

        The trial court erred by holding that Rule 5122-36-04 of the Ohio Administrative
        Code is a valid rule.
        Decision and Judgment Entry p.p. 16-17


                                           III. Law and Analysis

        {¶ 16} Friendship’s and Hinton’s three assignments of error challenge the propriety of

the common pleas court's judgment affirming the ODMHAS's decision. Because they are

interrelated, we address them together. In essence, Friendship and Hinton contend that the

common pleas court erred in affirming an administrative order that was not in accordance with

law. Specifically, Friendship and Hinton argue that the ODMHAS did not have the rule-making

authority to establish an allowable fee that sets a maximum monthly amount that adult group

homes can charge their residents in the RSS program. As an extension of this argument, they

contend that any other violation of the administrative rules that results from overcharging their

residents is also not in accordance with the law. Finally, Friendship and Hinton contend that the

relevant rules conflict with the Social Security Act.

                                          A. Standard of Review1

        {¶ 17} In a R.C. 119.12 administrative appeal, a common pleas court must affirm the

agency’s decision if it is supported by “reliable, probative, and substantial evidence and is in

accordance with law.” See Pons v. Ohio State Med. Bd., 66 Ohio St.3d 619, 621, 614 N.E.2d 748

(1993); In re Williams, 60 Ohio St.3d 85, 86, 573 N.E.2d 638 (1991). “ ‘Reliable’ evidence is

dependable or trustworthy; ‘probative’ evidence tends to prove the issue in question and is

relevant to the issue presented; and ‘substantial’ evidence carries some weight or value.” Ohio

Civ. Rights Comm. v. Case W. Res. Univ., 76 Ohio St.3d 168, 178, 666 N.E.2d 1376 (1996),

1
 The following standard of review is adopted nearly verbatim from this Court’s prior decision in Washington Cty.
Home v. Ohio Dept. of Health, 178 Ohio App.3d 78, 2008-Ohio-4342, 896 N.E.2d 1011, ¶¶ 21-25 (4th Dist.).
Ross App. No. 16CA3566                                                                               9


citing Our Place, Inc. v. Ohio Liquor Control Comm., 63 Ohio St.3d 570, 571, 589 N.E.2d 1303

(1992).

          {¶ 18} Thus, when a common pleas court reviews the agency’s finding, it must “appraise

all the evidence * * * ‘and, if from such a consideration it finds that the * * * [agency’s] order is

not supported by reliable, probative, and substantial evidence and is not in accordance with law,

the court is authorized to reverse, vacate, or modify the order * * *.’ ” Univ. of Cincinnati v.

Conrad, 63 Ohio St.2d 108, 110, 407 N.E.2d 1265 (1980), quoting Andrews v. Bd. of Liquor

Control, 164 Ohio St. 275, 131 N.E.2d 390 (1955), paragraph one of the syllabus. “[W]hether an

agency order is supported by reliable, probative and substantial evidence essentially is a question

of the absence or presence of the requisite quantum of evidence. Although this in essence is a

legal question, inevitably it involves a consideration of the evidence, and to a limited extent

would permit a substitution of judgment by the reviewing Common Pleas Court.” Id. at 111.

Furthermore, while “a Court of Common Pleas ‘must give due deference to the administrative

resolution of evidentiary conflicts,’ [id.], [d]ue deference * * * does not contemplate uncritical

acquiescence to administrative findings.” Plumbers & Steamfitters Joint Apprenticeship Commt.

v. Ohio Civ. Rights Comm., 66 Ohio St.2d 192, 200, 421 N.E.2d 128 (1981).

          {¶ 19} Although a common pleas court may not try the issues de novo or substitute its

judgment for the administrative agency, see Kisil v. Sandusky, 12 Ohio St.3d 30, 34, 465 N.E.2d

848 (1984), and Conrad at 110, it may decide purely legal questions de novo. See Ohio

Historical Soc. v. State Emp. Relations Bd., 66 Ohio St.3d 466, 470–471, 613 N.E.2d 591

(1993); Joudah v. Ohio Dept. of Human Servs., 94 Ohio App.3d 614, 616–617, 641 N.E.2d 288

(9th Dist.1994). Thus, “[t]o the extent that an agency’s decision is based on construction of the
Ross App. No. 16CA3566                                                                               10


state or federal Constitution, a statute, or case law, the common pleas court must undertake its

R.C. 119.12 reviewing task completely independently.” Ohio Historical Soc. at 471.

       {¶ 20} In contrast to the common pleas court’s standard of review, an appellate court’s

review of an administrative agency’s order is more limited. See Lorain City School Dist. Bd. of

Edn. v. State Emp. Relations Bd., 40 Ohio St.3d 257, 260–261, 533 N.E.2d 264 (1988). It is

incumbent on a common pleas court to examine the evidence. See Pons, 66 Ohio St.3d at 621,

614 N.E.2d 748. Such is not the charge of an appellate court. Id. Instead, an appellate court must

determine whether the trial court has abused its discretion. Id. Thus, absent an abuse of discretion

on the part of the trial court, a court of appeals must affirm the trial court’s judgment. See id. An

abuse of discretion constitutes more than an error of law or judgment; rather, it implies that the

trial court’s attitude was unreasonable, arbitrary, or unconscionable. See, e.g., Landis v. Grange

Mut. Ins. Co., 82 Ohio St.3d 339, 342, 695 N.E.2d 1140 (1998); Malone v. Courtyard by

Marriott L.P., 74 Ohio St.3d 440, 448, 659 N.E.2d 1242 (1996).

       {¶ 21} Additionally, an appellate court must not substitute its judgment for that of an

administrative agency or a common pleas court. Pons, 66 Ohio St.3d at 621, 614 N.E.2d 748.

The fact that the court of appeals might have arrived at a different conclusion than did the

administrative agency is immaterial. “With respect to purely legal questions, however, the court

is to exercise independent judgment.” VFW Post 8586 v. Ohio Liquor Control Comm., 83 Ohio

St.3d 79, 82, 697 N.E.2d 655 (1998); see also Nye v. Ohio Bd. of Examiners of Architects, 165

Ohio App.3d 502, 2006-Ohio-948, 847 N.E.2d 46, ¶ 11 (10th Dist.) (stating that appellate court

has plenary review of legal questions).


                     B. The Residential State Supplement Program (RSS)
Ross App. No. 16CA3566                                                                                          11


        {¶ 22} The RSS program is a state program that supplements the income received by

aged, blind, or disabled adults under the Social Security Act. “Residential state supplement

payments shall be used for the provision of accommodations, supervision, and personal care

services to social security, supplemental security income, and social security disability insurance

recipients who * * * are at risk of needing institutional care.” R.C. 5119.41(B); see also R.C.

5119.34(A)(10). The RSS program is administered by the ODMHAS. R.C. 5119.41(A)(2).

        {¶ 23} The purpose of the RSS program is:

        [T]o provide cash assistance to medicaid-eligible aged, blind, or disabled adults

        who have increased needs due to a medical or behavioral health condition which

        may not be severe enough to require institutionalization. The RSS cash payment

        is used together with the individual’s personal income to help prevent premature

        or unnecessary institutionalization, and to deinstitutionalize those aged, blind, or

        disabled adults who have been inappropriately placed in long term care facilities

        and who can return to the community through alternative living arrangements.

Ohio Adm.Code 5122-36-01(A).

        {¶ 24} The ODMHAS has established the allowable monthly fee that adult care facilities

can charge RSS participants. At the relevant time for this matter, the allowable fee that could be

charged by an adult group home, such as Friendship and Hinton, was $877 per month. Ohio

Adm.Code 5122-36-052. The allowable fee is to be accepted as payment in full for all

accommodations, supervision, and personal care services provided the RSS resident. The group

home “shall not request additional payment for the services from the resident, the resident’s

family, or any other local, state, or federal agency.” Ohio Adm.Code 5122-36-04(D).


2
 In January 2016, the rule was amended to allow facilities to charge RSS residents an allowable fee of $1,100 per
month.
Ross App. No. 16CA3566                                                                               12


                              C. Licensing of Residential Facilities


       {¶ 25} The General Assembly has also authorized the ODMHAS to inspect and license

the operation of residential facilities. R.C. 5119.34(F)(1). Likewise, the ODMHAS may “refuse

to issue or renew and may revoke a license if * * *[t]he facility is not in compliance with rules

adopted by the director”, including rules established to protect “[t]he rights of residents of

residential facilities”. R.C. 5199.34(F)(2)(a) and R.C. 5199.34(L)(10). Pertinent to the case at

hand, at the time of the administrative hearing, the ODMHAS required that residential facilities

“assure the rights of the resident * * * include * * * [the] right to manage personal financial

affairs” and “[t]he right to be free from abuse, neglect, or exploitation”. Ohio Adm.Code 5122-

33-23(B)(4) and (B)(15). Ohio Administrative Code 5122-33-23(A)(2) defines “exploitation” as

“the unlawful or improper utilization of an adult resident or his or her resources for personal or

monetary benefit, profit, or gain.”

                    D. Validity of Ohio Administrative Code 5122-36-04(D)

       {¶ 26} Friendship and Hinton contend that the common pleas court erred when it

determined that the ODMHAS had the authority to promulgate Ohio Administrative Code 5122-

36-04(D) - the administrative rule requiring operators of adult group homes to accept the

allowable fee set forth in Ohio Administrative Code 5122-36-05 as payment in full for the

accommodations, supervision, and personal care services provided RSS residents. Specifically,

Friendship and Hinton argue that the ODMHAS lacks the authority to impose an allowable fee

because it is outside the authority the General Assembly granted to the agency.

       {¶ 27} A challenge to an administrative agency’s rulemaking authority presents a

question of law; therefore, we exercise a de novo review. Vargas v. State Med. Bd. of Ohio,

2012-Ohio-2735, 972 N.E.2d 1076, ¶ 8 (10th Dist.).
Ross App. No. 16CA3566                                                                                13


       {¶ 28} “The purpose of administrative rule-making is to facilitate the administrative

agency’s placing into effect the policy declared by the General Assembly in the statutes to be

administered by the agency. In other words, administrative agency rules are an administrative

means for the accomplishment of a legislative end.” Nelson v. Mohr, 10th Dist. Franklin No.

13AP-130, 2013-Ohio-4506, ¶ 14, citing Carroll v. Dept. of Adm. Servs., 10 Ohio App.3d 108,

110, 460 N.E.2d 704 (10th Dist.1983). “Administrative rules cannot add or subtract from the

legislative enactment.” Cowans v. Ohio State Racing Comm., 2014-Ohio-1811, 11 N.E.3d 1215,

¶ 52 (10th Dist.), citing Nelson at ¶ 14. “Additionally, administrative rules cannot exceed the

rulemaking authority delegated by the General Assembly.” Id., citing Nelson at ¶ 14.

       {¶ 29} Under R.C. 5119.41(B), “[t]he department of mental health and addiction services

shall implement the residential state supplement program * * *.” Likewise, R.C. 5119.41(E)

states that “[t]he director of mental health and addiction services and medicaid director shall

adopt rules in accordance with Chapter 119. of the Revised Code as necessary to implement the

residential state supplement program.” In a separate paragraph under R.C. 5119.41(E), the

ODMHAS is also granted the authority to “adopt rules establishing the method to be used to

determine the amount an eligible individual will receive under the program.”

       {¶ 30} “In construing a grant of administrative power from a legislative body, both the

intention of that grant of power and the extent of the grant must be clear, and, if there is doubt,

the doubt must be resolved against the grant of power.” Cowans at ¶ 54, citing League of United

Latin Am. Citizens v. Kasich, 10th Dist. Franklin No. 10AP-639, 2012-Ohio-947, ¶ 48.

       {¶ 31} Here, Friendship and Hinton contend that while the ODMHAS may adopt rules

establishing the method to be used to determine the amount an eligible individual will receive
Ross App. No. 16CA3566                                                                                14


under the RSS program, nowhere is the ODMHAS given the authority to establish an allowable

fee. We disagree.

       {¶ 32} In their appellate brief, Friendship and Hinton ignore the provisions of R.C.

5119.41(B), and the first paragraph of R.C. 5119.41(E). Perhaps they do so because a plain

reading of R.C. 5119.41(B) and (E) makes clear that the General Assembly granted the

ODMHAS broad authority to adopt rules necessary to operate the RSS program. The authority

granted to the agency is not limited to establishing benefit amounts as Friendship and Hinton

suggest.

       {¶ 33} The ODMHAS relied upon R.C. 5119.41, and its predecessor statutes, when it

promulgated Ohio Administrative Code 5122-36-04 and 5122-36-05. The rules are intended to

establish a fair fee for RSS residents to pay providers, to protect a vulnerable population, and to

maintain the integrity of the program and to help RSS participants avoid institutionalization. As

such, the rules appear to be consistent with the policy declared by the General Assembly (to

protect individuals at risk of institutionalization), and also appear consistent with the authority

granted to the agency to establish rules for implementation of the RSS program. Accordingly,

Friendship’s and Hinton’s contention that the ODMHAS lacked the authority to impose an

allowable fee rule is misplaced.

                        E. Alleged Conflict with the Social Security Act

       {¶ 34} Friendship and Hinton also contend that the common pleas court erred when it

determined that Ohio Administrative Code 5122-36-04(D) and 5122-36-05 do not conflict with

the Social Security Act. Specifically, Friendship and Hinton allege that the rules improperly

regulate or limit the receipt of funds to adult group homes from the Social Security

Administration.
Ross App. No. 16CA3566                                                                                15


          {¶ 35} “ ‘Rules promulgated by administrative agencies are valid and enforceable unless

unreasonable or in conflict with statutory enactments covering the same subject matter.’ ”

Hoffman v. State Med. Bd. of Ohio, 113 Ohio St.3d 376, 2007-Ohio-2201, 865 N.E.2d 1259, ¶

17, quoting State ex rel. Curry v. Indus. Comm., 58 Ohio St.2d 268, 269, 389 N.E.2d 1126

(1979).

          {¶ 36} Here, Friendship and Hinton have failed to identify any provision of the Social

Security Act with which the administrative rules supposedly conflict. Moreover, they have

provided no facts or evidence to support their contention that the rules regulate or limit the

receipt of funds to adult group homes from the Social Security Administration. In any event,

Social Security payments made to RSS residents would belong to the residents, not to the adult

group home.

          {¶ 37} App.R. 16(A)(7) provides: “The appellant shall include in its brief * * * [a]n

argument containing the contentions of the appellant with respect to each assignment of error

presented for review and the reasons in support of the contentions, with citations to the

authorities, statutes, and parts of the record on which appellant relies.” “ ‘If an argument exists

that can support [an] assignment of error, it is not this court’s duty to root it out.’ ” Thomas v.

Harmon, 4th Dist. Lawrence No. 08CA17, 2009–Ohio–3299, ¶ 14, quoting State v. Carman, 8th

Dist. Cuyahoga No. 90512, 2008–Ohio–4368, ¶ 31. “ ‘It is not the function of this court to

construct a foundation for [an appellant’s] claims; failure to comply with the rules governing

practice in the appellate courts is a tactic which is ordinarily fatal.’ ” (Alteration sic.) Catanzarite

v. Boswell, 9th Dist. Summit No. 24184, 2009–Ohio–1211, ¶ 16, quoting Kremer v. Cox, 114

Ohio App.3d 41, 60, 682 N.E.2d 1006 (9th Dist.1996). Therefore, “[w]e may disregard any

assignment of error that fails to present any citations to case law or statutes in support of its
Ross App. No. 16CA3566                                                                            16


assertions.” Frye v. Holzer Clinic, Inc., 4th Dist. Gallia No. 07CA4, 2008–Ohio–2194, ¶ 12;

accord Oldacre v. Oldacre, 4th Dist. Ross No. 08CA3073, 2010–Ohio–1651, ¶ 35; see also

App.R. 12(A)(2).

       {¶ 38} Because Friendship’s and Hinton’s argument that the agency’s rules conflict with

the Social Security Act consists of unsupported conclusory statements, and is completely devoid

of any citations to case law or statutes on the topic, we decline to address it.

       {¶ 39} To the extent that Friendship and Hinton rely upon the testimony of Ms. Book,

who in turn relied upon the statements of the local Social Security employee, we note that no

Social Security employee ever testified at the administrative hearing. Furthermore, Friendship

and Hinton asserted that the statements were not being “offered for the truth of the statement [but

merely] * * * to show what the effect was on the listeners, the providers.” Accordingly, because

Friendship and Hinton have failed to cite any authority supporting their contention, and because

they failed to present evidence in support of their position, we conclude that the rules do not

conflict with the Social Security Act.

                   F. Ohio Administrative Code 5122-33-23(B)(4) and (B)(15)

       {¶ 40} Friendship and Hinton argue that the common pleas court erred in determining

that they violated Ohio Administrative Code 5122-33-23(B)(4) and 5122-33-23(B)(15) because

it based its finding on the violation of Ohio Administrative Code 5122-36-04(D), which they

contend is an invalid rule. However, because we have already determined that Ohio

Administrative Code 5122-36-04(D) was a properly promulgated rule, this argument fails.

       {¶ 41} Next, while Friendship and Hinton admit that “[i]t arguably follows that a

violation of O.A.C. 5122-36-04 would result in a violation of O.A.C. 5122-33-23(B)(4)”, it
Ross App. No. 16CA3566                                                                             17


denies that the same is true with regard to Ohio Administrative Code 5122-33-23(B)(15). Again

we disagree with the argument set forth by Friendship and Hinton.

       {¶ 42} At the time of the administrative hearing, pursuant to Ohio Administrative Code

5122-36-04(D) and 5122-36-05, adult group homes were permitted to charge RSS residents no

more than $877 a month for accommodations, supervision, and personal care services. There is

no dispute that Friendship and Hinton violated the agency’s rules and charged all 14 of their RSS

residents an impermissible amount. By essentially taking all of their RSS residents’ personal

income, Friendship’s and Hinton’s conduct also violated Ohio Administrative Code 5122-33-

23(B)(4) by depriving the RSS residents of the right to manage their personal financial affairs.

       {¶ 43} The common pleas court also determined that the blatant overcharging of the RSS

residents in violation of the agency’s rules constituted a violation of Ohio Administrative Code

5122-33-23(B)(15), which specifies that residents have the right to be free from exploitation. The

evidence presented at the administrative hearing supports this conclusion. Friendship charged its

seven RSS residents over $400 a month more than the permitted rate; and left the residents with

only $50 a month in personal spending money. Similarly, Hinton charged its seven RSS residents

considerably more than the allowable rate. Based on this evidence, we cannot say that the

common pleas court abused its discretion when it determined that Hinton and Friendship

exploited their residents by charging a rate in excess of the $877 per month allowable rate.

                                         IV. Conclusion

       {¶ 44} Based on the foregoing, we conclude that Friendship’s and Hinton’s joint

assignments of error are without merit. Accordingly, the assignments of error are overruled, and

the judgment of the common pleas court upholding the Adjudication Orders is affirmed.

                                                                       JUDGMENT AFFIRMED.
Ross App. No. 16CA3566                                                                          18


                                      JUDGMENT ENTRY


         It is ordered that the JUDGMENT IS AFFIRMED. Appellants shall pay the costs herein
taxed.
         The Court finds there were reasonable grounds for this appeal.

     It is ordered that a special mandate issue out of this Court directing the Ross County
Common Pleas Court to carry this judgment into execution.

       A certified copy of this entry shall constitute the mandate pursuant to Rule 27 of the
Rules of Appellate Procedure.

Abele, J., and McFarland, J.: Concur in Judgment and Opinion.




                                                             For the Court

                                                             By:
                                                                   Marie Hoover, Judge



                                    NOTICE TO COUNSEL

       Pursuant to Local Rule No. 14, this document constitutes a final judgment entry and
the time period for further appeal commences from the date of filing with the clerk.
