                                                                           FILED
                             NOT FOR PUBLICATION
                                                                            SEP 15 2016
                    UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS                      MOLLY C. DWYER, CLERK
                                                                         U.S. COURT OF APPEALS


                             FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT


HENRI NABABAN and HARLENA                        No. 13-71331
ROSE SILALAHI,
                                                 Agency Nos.         A078-020-176
              Petitioners,                                           A096-349-826

  v.
                                                 MEMORANDUM*
LORETTA E. LYNCH, Attorney General,

              Respondent.


                     On Petition for Review of an Order of the
                         Board of Immigration Appeals

                        Argued and Submitted May 4, 2016
                              Pasadena, California

Before: PREGERSON, BYBEE, and N.R. SMITH, Circuit Judges.

       Henri Nababan and Harlena Rose Silalahi, natives and citizens of Indonesia,

petition for review of the Board of Immigration Appeals’ (“BIA”) order denying

their motion to reopen removal proceedings. We have jurisdiction under 8 U.S.C.

§ 1252. We review for abuse of discretion the BIA’s denial of a motion to reopen.



        *
             This disposition is not appropriate for publication and is not precedent
except as provided by 9th Cir. R. 36-3.
Najmabadi v. Holder, 597 F.3d 983, 986 (9th Cir. 2010). We deny the petition for

review.

      Petitioners filed an untimely motion to reopen, because they filed it more

than 90 days after the final order of removal. See 8 C.F.R. § 1003.2(c)(2). The

BIA did not abuse its discretion in finding that Petitioners failed to establish

materially changed circumstances in Indonesia to qualify for an exception to the

time limitations for a motion to reopen. See 8 C.F.R. § 1003.2(c)(3)(ii);

Najmabadi, 597 F.3d at 989-90 (evidence must be “qualitatively different” to

warrant reopening).

      Although Petitioners are members of a disfavored group in Indonesia,1

Petitioners failed to present evidence that they would be individually targeted

based on their Christian faith. See Wakkary v. Holder, 558 F.3d 1049, 1053 (9th

Cir. 2009). Membership alone in a disfavored group is not enough. Id. at 1066.



      1
        Petitioners also assert that their residency in the United States and that they
have three United States citizen children would put them and their children at risk
of persecution. We have not recognized that a person with American ties qualifies
as a member of a social group. Cf. Delgado-Ortiz v. Holder, 600 F.3d 1148,
1151-52 (9th Cir. 2010). Further, Petitioners failed to challenge the BIA’s
conclusions with regard to the anti-American sentiment in their opening brief.
Thus, any arguments on this claim are waived. See Martinez-Serrano v. INS, 94
F.3d 1256, 1259-60 (9th Cir. 1996) (“[A]n issue referred to in the appellant’s
statement of the case but not discussed in the body of the opening brief is deemed
waived.”).

                                           2
The BIA concluded that Petitioners did not produce sufficient evidence of

materially changed country conditions or individualized risk. The BIA recognized

that religious intolerance in Indonesia is on-going (including attacks against

Christian churches and evidence that some government authorities have not

responded to the incidents). However, the BIA concluded that the violence against

Christians was neither systemic nor pervasive. Further, Petitioners failed to

present the quantum of evidence necessary to show that their “predicament [was]

appreciably different from the dangers faced by [their] fellow [Indonesians].”

Singh v. INS, 134 F.3d 962, 967 (9th Cir. 1998) (quoting Kotasz v. INS, 31 F.3d

847, 852 (9th Cir. 1994)). These conclusions were not an abuse of discretion. See

Najmabadi, 597 F.3d at 986 (the court “defer[s] to the BIA’s exercise of discretion

unless it acted arbitrarily, irrationally, or contrary to law”).

       PETITION FOR REVIEW DENIED.




                                             3
                                                                          FILED
Nababan v. Lynch, No. 13-71331
                                                                           SEP 15 2016
Pregerson, J., dissenting:
                                                                       MOLLY C. DWYER, CLERK
                                                                         U.S. COURT OF APPEALS
      On November 20, 2014, President Obama asked:

      Are we a nation that accepts the cruelty of ripping children from their
      parents’ arms? Or are we a nation that values families, and works
      together to keep them together?

President Barack Obama, Remarks by the President in Address to the Nation on

Immigration (Nov. 20, 2014). This case is an example of the cruelty of our

immigration laws and the suffering inflicted on immigrant parents and their

American citizen children.

      Henri Nababan has lived in the United States for over 16 years, and his wife,

Harlena Silalahi, has lived in the United States for over 14 years. Together, they

have a built a life here. They have three United States citizen daughters: Hendira

(age 11), Helena (age 10), and Hannalyn (age 5). The girls are good students with

bright futures.

      The family is active in their Seventh Day Adventist Church: Henri serves as

a deacon and an associate to young families; Harlena is in charge of the children’s

ministry. They fear returning to and sought asylum from Indonesia where

Christians are a recognized disfavored group. Tampubolon v. Holder, 610 F.3d

1056, 1058 (9th Cir. 2010). In Indonesia, Christians are “‘subject to violence and

official discrimination,’ and the [Indonesian] government has largely acquiesced in
their persecution by those following ‘militant expressions of Islam.’” Salim v.

Lynch, No. 13-71833, 2016 WL 4073315, at *5 (9th Cir. Aug. 1, 2016) (quoting

Tampubolon, 601 F.3d at 1060).

         Despite the equities in this case, the government has chosen to prosecute

Henri and Harlena. In doing so, the government has also chosen to rip this family

apart.

         I would grant the petition.




                                            2
