                           NOT FOR PUBLICATION                           FILED
                    UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS                        JUN 15 2020
                                                                      MOLLY C. DWYER, CLERK
                                                                       U.S. COURT OF APPEALS
                           FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT

DAVID JAMES RICE,                               No.    19-16105

                Plaintiff-Appellant,            D.C. No. 2:17-cv-00890-DMC

 v.
                                                MEMORANDUM*
ANDREW M. SAUL, Commissioner of
Social Security,

                Defendant-Appellee.

                   Appeal from the United States District Court
                      for the Eastern District of California
                   Dennis M. Cota, Magistrate Judge, Presiding

                             Submitted June 10, 2020**
                             San Francisco, California

Before: M. SMITH and HURWITZ, Circuit Judges, and EZRA,*** District Judge.

      David Rice (“Rice”) appeals a district court decision affirming the

Commissioner of Social Security’s denial of Rice’s application for supplemental


      *
             This disposition is not appropriate for publication and is not precedent
except as provided by Ninth Circuit Rule 36-3.
      **
             The panel unanimously concludes this case is suitable for decision
without oral argument. See Fed. R. App. P. 34(a)(2).
      ***
             The Honorable David A. Ezra, United States District Judge for the
District of Hawaii, sitting by designation.
security income under Title XVI of the Social Security Act. Rice claimed

disability due to hepatitis, back pain, and clubfeet. At step five, the Administrative

Law Judge (“ALJ”) determined that Rice could perform jobs that exist in

significant numbers in the national economy. For the reasons stated below, we

affirm.

      1. The ALJ ensured a full and complete record, including leaving the record

open for thirty days after the hearing. Dr. Kyle conducted a full consultative

examination on Rice, including assessing his hepatitis B, and Drs. Hanna and

Clancey both also conducted independent reviews of the medical record. See

Thomas v. Barnhart, 278 F.3d 947, 957 (9th Cir. 2002) (“The opinions of non-

treating or non-examining physicians may also serve as substantial evidence when

the opinions are consistent with independent clinical findings or other evidence in

the record.”). Rice does not show how Dr. Hanna’s analysis was hampered by the

absence of a different type of examination by Dr. Kyle. See Mayes v. Massanari,

276 F.3d 453, 459-60 (9th Cir. 2001) (“An ALJ’s duty to develop the record

further is triggered only when there is ambiguous evidence or when the record is

inadequate to allow for proper evaluation of the evidence.”).1



1
       Evidence post-dating the ALJ’s decision that Rice’s hepatitis viral load has
since dramatically increased does not show that the ALJ failed to develop the record
a year before. See Sanchez v. Sec. of Health & Human Servs., 812 F.2d 509, 512
(9th Cir. 1987). Rice also argues that the ALJ failed to pursue inquiry with respect

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      2. Even assuming that the ALJ erred at Step 2 in finding that Rice’s

hepatitis, and knee and ankle impairments were non-severe, any error was

harmless. The ALJ found that Rice’s back pain secondary to degenerative disc

disease was severe and properly considered Rice’s non-severe impairments in

assessing his residual functional capacity (“RFC”). See 20 C.F.R. §§ 404.1520,

416.921; see also Lewis v. Astrue, 498 F.3d 909, 911 (9th Cir. 2007) (finding

harmless the failure to list an impairment as severe at Step 2 if the ALJ adequately

considered the impairment and its attendant limitations at Step 4).

      3. Rice fails to show reversible error in the ALJ’s determination that he

failed to prove that he had an impairment that met or equaled one of the listed

impairments in 20 C.F.R. Part 404, Subpart P, Appendix 1 (the “Listings”). See 20

C.F.R. § 416.920(a)(4)(iii). Although the ALJ’s discussion was short, Rice has not

plausibly developed anything to show how his impairments taken together equal a

listing impairment. Burch v. Barnhart, 400 F.3d 676, 683 (9th Cir. 2005) (citing

Lewis v. Apfel, 236 F.3d 503, 514 (9th Cir. 2001)). The record supports that the

ALJ thoroughly reviewed the evidence, and the ALJ needed not “state why a

claimant failed to satisfy every different section of the listing of impairments.”

Gonzalez v. Sullivan, 914 F.2d 1197, 1201 (9th Cir. 1990).



to his knee issues, but he did not raise this argument below. See Greger v. Barnhart,
464 F.3d 968, 973 (9th Cir. 2006).

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      4. The ALJ gave “specific, legitimate reasons” for partially discounting Dr.

McMullin’s opinion, and substantial evidence supports the weight given to that

opinion. Thomas, 278 F.3d at 957 (citation omitted). Dr. McMullin’s opinion was

brief, conclusory, cited no specific clinical findings, and therefore apparently relied

“to a large extent” on Rice’s self-reports. Tommasetti v. Astrue, 533 F.3d 1035,

1041 (9th Cir. 2008) (citation omitted). Substantial evidence also supports the

weight the ALJ gave to the opinions of Drs. Clancey, Hanna, and Kyle. See

Jamerson v. Chater, 112 F.3d 1064, 1067 (9th Cir. 1997) (“Thus, the key question

is not whether there is substantial evidence that could support a finding of

disability, but whether there is substantial evidence to support the Commissioner’s

actual finding that the claimant is not disabled.”).

      5. Substantial evidence supports the ALJ’s evaluation of Rice’s subjective

complaints. “[A]n ALJ must provide specific, clear, and convincing reasons”

when discrediting a claimant’s testimony. See Burrell v. Colvin, 775 F.3d 1133,

1137 (9th Cir. 2014). Here, the ALJ reasonably determined that the severity of

Rice’s subjective complaints was not fully credible because records showed

generally mild findings, Rice failed to attend physical therapy, and many

examinations were within normal limits. “Where evidence is susceptible to more

than one rational interpretation, it is the ALJ’s conclusion that must be upheld.”

Burch, 400 F.3d at 679.


                                           4
      6. The ALJ’s hypotheticals and the responses by the vocational expert were

adequate. The hypotheticals were not incomplete simply because the RFC finding

did not account for all of Rice’s alleged limitations—the ALJ included the

limitations she found supported by the record. And even assuming that the ALJ

omitted some limitations, any error was harmless because substantial evidence

supports the ALJ’s finding of no disability. See Stubbs-Danielson v. Astrue, 539

F.3d 1169, 1173–74 (9th Cir. 2008) (concluding that the ALJ’s RFC finding

“properly incorporated the limitations identified” by physicians and “to the extent

the ALJ’s RFC finding erroneously omitted” certain limitations, the error was

harmless); Matthews v. Shalala, 10 F.3d 678, 681 (9th Cir. 1993) (“Whether or not

the ALJ erred in not including all of [the claimant’s] limitations in a hypothetical is

thus irrelevant given the other reliable evidence. Any error would have been

harmless.”).

      AFFIRMED.




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