UNPUBLISHED

UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS

FOR THE FOURTH CIRCUIT

CHARLES ADAMS,
Plaintiff-Appellant,

v.
                                                                   No. 99-1998
CSX TRANSPORTATION,
INCORPORATED; NORFOLK SOUTHERN
RAILWAY COMPANY,
Defendants-Appellees.

Appeal from the United States District Court
for the Eastern District of North Carolina, at New Bern.
Terrence W. Boyle, Chief District Judge.
(CA-97-143-4-BO)

Argued: March 3, 2000

Decided: April 5, 2000

Before WILKINSON, Chief Judge, and WILLIAMS
and MOTZ, Circuit Judges.

_________________________________________________________________

Affirmed by unpublished per curiam opinion.

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COUNSEL

ARGUED: Raymond E. Dunn, Jr., DUNN & DUNN, New Bern,
North Carolina, for Appellant. Randall R. Adams, POYNER &
SPRUILL, Rocky Mount, North Carolina, for Appellee CSX; Christie
McCallie Foppiano, BODE, CALL & STROUPE, L.L.P., Raleigh,
North Carolina, for Appellee Norfolk Southern. ON BRIEF: Rudolph
A. Ashton, III, MCCOTTER, MCAFEE & ASHTON, P.L.L.C., New
Bern, North Carolina, for Appellant. Timothy W. Wilson, POYNER
& SPRUILL, Rocky Mount, North Carolina; John R. Jolly, Jr.,
POYNER & SPRUILL, Raleigh, North Carolina, for Appellee CSX;
Odes L. Stroupe, Jr., BODE, CALL & STROUPE, L.L.P., Raleigh,
North Carolina, for Appellee Norfolk Southern.

_________________________________________________________________

Unpublished opinions are not binding precedent in this circuit. See
Local Rule 36(c).

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OPINION

PER CURIAM:

Charles Adams' pickup truck collided with a CSX train as the train
was moving over a crossing and tracks owned by Norfolk Southern.
Adams brought suit, alleging negligence and gross negligence on the
part of CSX and Norfolk Southern. The district court granted both
defendants summary judgment, finding Adams contributorily negli-
gent as a matter of law. We affirm the judgment of the district court.

I.

At approximately 6:15 a.m. on December 6, 1994, Charles Adams
was driving to work in his 1992 Ford pickup truck on Windmill Road
in Beaufort County, North Carolina. The crossing at issue in this case
is located two miles from Adams' home. The tracks at the crossing
are owned by Norfolk Southern Railway Corporation.

As he approached the crossing, Adams was traveling between 25
to 40 mph with his low beams on. It was still dark and Adams
encountered patchy fog. At the last curve in the road before the cross-
ing, the fog cleared. As Adams cleared the curve onto the straight por-
tion of the road just before the crossing, Adams again encountered a
thick fog. He reduced his speed. He then saw black letters on the side
of a dirty white railcar. This car was part of a train owned by CSX

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Transportation that was passing through the crossing. Adams' truck
struck the train between the seventeenth and eighteenth railcars.

Adams filed suit in Beaufort County Superior Court against CSX,
alleging negligence and willful, wanton, and gross negligence. CSX
removed the case to federal district court based on diversity of citi-
zenship. Adams then filed suit in federal district court against Norfolk
Southern, again alleging negligence and willful, wanton, and gross
negligence. The cases against CSX and Norfolk Southern were con-
solidated. The two defendants filed motions for summary judgment.
The district court granted their motions and dismissed the case, find-
ing Adams contributorily negligent as a matter of law. Adams now
appeals.

II.

Having had the benefit of oral argument and the parties' briefs, and
after careful consideration of the applicable law, we conclude that the
district court correctly found Adams contributorily negligent as a mat-
ter of law. And under North Carolina law, contributory negligence
acts as a complete bar to recovery. See Griffen v. Ward, 148 S.E.2d
133, 135-36 (N.C. 1966).*

The evidence in this case, even when viewed in the light most
favorable to Adams, establishes that Adams was contributorily negli-
gent as a matter of law. Adams had traversed this specific crossing at
least twice a week for four years. Adams thus not only knew of the
existence of the crossing but also its layout and configuration. In addi-
tion, the crossing had three separate warning signs: a yellow railroad
warning sign 657 feet from the crossing; a fifty-foot-long railroad
sign painted on the surface of Windmill Road approximately 320 feet
_________________________________________________________________
*Adams contends that under North Carolina law a plaintiff's contribu-
tory negligence will not preclude recovery for injuries proximately
caused by a defendant's willful, wanton, and gross negligence. See Rob-
inson v. Seaboard System Railroad, 361 S.E.2d 909, 914 (N.C. Ct. App.
1987). We agree with the district court, however, that Adams has failed
to make any showing of willful, wanton, or gross negligence on the part
of either CSX or Norfolk Southern.

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from the crossing; and a white crossbuck sign with black lettering
reading "Railroad Crossing" immediately prior to the crossing.

Moreover, Adams struck the CSX train between the seventeenth
and eighteenth railcars. This means that the train was already in the
crossing as Adams approached. Adams also had his window halfway
down as he approached the crossing through which the two-engine,
sixty-one car freight train was passing. And the fog and darkness that
morning should have suggested to Adams that he exercise extreme
caution.

Accordingly, we affirm on the reasoning of the district court.

AFFIRMED

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