                                                                                                  11/17/2017
                    IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF TENNESSEE
                                 AT JACKSON
                               Assigned on Briefs October 2, 2017

    VERRINA M. SHIELDS BEY v. WILSON & ASSOCIATES, PLLC, ET AL.

                  Direct Appeal from the Chancery Court for Shelby County
                          No. CH-16-0783-2   Jim Kyle, Chancellor


                                  No. W2016-01330-COA-R3-CV


This is an appeal challenging the trial court’s order denying a motion for interlocutory
appeal. Due to the deficiencies in Appellant’s brief on appeal, we find that she waived
consideration of any issues on appeal and hereby dismiss the appeal.

                   Tenn. R. App. P. 3 Appeal as of Right; Appeal Dismissed

BRANDON O. GIBSON, J., delivered the opinion of the court, in which CHARLES D.
SUSANO, JR., and RICHARD H. DINKINS, JJ., joined.

Verrina M. Shields Bey, Memphis, Tennessee, Pro se.

Gerald Morgan, Brentwood, Tennessee, for the appellee, Wilson & Associates, PLLC.

Edmund Scott Sauer, Brian Robert Epling, and Erin Alexandra McFall, Nashville,
Tennessee, for the appellee, Wells Fargo Bank, N.A.

                                   MEMORANDUM OPINION1

                                            BACKGROUND

          Verrina Michelle Shields Bey (“Appellant”), filed a “Petition [to] Quiet Title to

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    Tennessee Court of Appeals Rule 10 provides:

          This Court, with the concurrence of all judges participating in the case, may affirm,
          reverse, or modify the actions of the trial court by memorandum opinion when a formal
          opinion would have no precedential value. When a case is decided by memorandum
          opinion it shall be designated “MEMORANDUM OPINION”, shall not be published, and
          shall not be cited or relied on for any reason in any unrelated case.
Set Aside and Void Foreclosure Claim and Declaratory [] Injunction” on May 9, 2016,
concerning real property located at 2486 Harvard Avenue, Memphis, Tennessee, against
Wilson & Associates, P.L.L.C. and Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. (collectively “Appellees”).
Although it is difficult to discern from the sparse record, it appears that the trial court
may have orally ruled, on May 10, 2016, that Appellant’s complaint would be dismissed
with prejudice. Nothing in the record indicates that a written order was entered
memorializing the trial court’s oral ruling. On May 11, 2016, Appellant filed a motion
for an interlocutory appeal with the trial court. The trial court denied the motion on May
20, 2016. Appellant filed a notice of appeal on June 20, 2016.

       On November 8, 2016, this Court directed Appellant to obtain entry of a final
judgment or show cause why the appeal should not be dismissed for lack of a final
judgment. After Appellant failed to respond to the November 8, 2016 order, this Court
issued a second order to show cause directing Appellant to obtain a final order.
Appellant again failed to obtain a final order, and on March 20, 2017, the trial court
entered its written order, reflecting its sua sponte dismissal of Appellant’s complaint as
being barred by the doctrine of res judicata. For the reasons discussed herein, we hold
that Appellant’s brief on appeal is fatally deficient and hereby dismiss the appeal.

                                                 DISCUSSION

       Our ability to review the merits of this appeal is greatly hindered by the state of
the brief submitted by Appellant. Tennessee Rule of Appellate Procedure 272 governs

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    Tenn. R. App. P. 27

          (a) Brief of the Appellant. The brief of the appellant shall contain under appropriate
          headings and in the order here indicated:

          (1) A table of contents, with references to the pages in the brief;

          (2) A table of authorities, including cases (alphabetically arranged), statutes and other
          authorities cites, with references to the pages in the brief where they are cited;

          (3) A jurisdictional statement in cases appealed to the Supreme Court directly from the
          trial court indicating briefly the jurisdictional grounds for the appeal to the Supreme
          Court;

          (4) A statement of the issues presented for review;

          (5) A statement of the case, indicating briefly the nature of the case, the course of the
          proceedings, and its disposition in the court below;

          (6) A statement of facts, setting forth the facts relevant to the issues presented for review
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briefs submitted to the Tennessee Court of Appeals.

       Rule 27(a)(7) of the Tennessee Rules of Appellate Procedure provides that an
appellant’s brief must contain an argument setting forth “the contentions of the appellant
with respect to the issues presented, and the reasons therefor, including the reasons why
the contentions require appellate relief, with citations to the authorities and appropriate
references to the record (which may be quoted verbatim) relied on.” Tenn. R. Ct. App.
Rule 27(a). According to the Tennessee Supreme Court, “[a]n issue may be deemed
waived, even when it has been specifically raised as an issue, when the brief fails to
include an argument satisfying the requirements of Tenn. R. App. P. 27(a)(7).” Hodge v.
Craig, 382 S.W.3d 325, 335 (Tenn. 2012).

       “This court has repeatedly held that a party’s failure to cite authority for its
arguments or to argue the issues in the body of its brief constitute a waiver on appeal.”
Forbess v. Forbess, 370 S.W.3d 347, 355 (Tenn. Ct. App. 2011). “It is not the role of the
courts, trial or appellate, to research or construct a litigant’s case or arguments for him or
her, and where a party fails to develop an argument in support of his or her contention or
merely constructs a skeletal argument, the issue is waived.” Sneed v. Bd. of Prof’l
Responsibility of Supreme Court, 301 S.W.3d 603, 615 (Tenn. 2010).

        Further, Rule 6 of the Rules of the Court of Appeals of Tennessee requires an
appellate brief to contain a written argument regarding each issue on appeal, with a
statement of the alleged erroneous action of the trial court, as well as a specific reference
to the record where such action is recorded. Rule 6 further provides:

       No complaint of or reliance upon action by the trial court will be
       considered on appeal unless the argument contains a specific reference to
       the page or pages of the record where such action is recorded. No assertion

       with appropriate references to the record;

       (7) An argument, which may be preceded by a summary of argument, setting forth:

               (A) the contentions of the appellant with respect to the issues presented,
               and the reasons therefor, including the reasons why the contentions
               require appellate relief, with citations to the authorities and appropriate
               references to the record (which maybe quoted verbatim) relied on; and

               (B) for each issue, a concise statement of the applicable standard of
               review (which may appear in the discussion of the issue or under a
               separate heading placed before the discussion of the issues);

       (8) A short conclusion, stating the precise relief sought.

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       of fact will be considered on appeal unless the argument contains a
       reference to the page or pages of the record where evidence of such fact is
       recorded.

Tenn. R. Ct. App. 6(b).

        Although we realize the “legal naiveté” of a pro se litigant, “we must not allow
h[er] an unfair advantage because [s]he represents [her]self.” Frazier v. Campbell, No.
W2016-00031-COA-R3-CV, 2006 WL 2506706, at *3 (Tenn. Ct. App. Aug. 31, 2006)
(citing Irvin v. City of Clarksville, 767 S.W.2d 649, 651-52 (Tenn. Ct. App. 1989)). “Pro
se litigants who invoke the complex and sometimes technical procedures of the courts
assume a very heavy burden.” Irvin, 767 S.W.2d at 652. They are entitled to fair and
equal treatment, but they must follow the same substantive and procedural requirements
as a represented party, and they may not shift the burden of litigating their case to the
courts. Whitaker v. Whirlpool Corp., 32 S.W.3d 222, 227 (Tenn. Ct. App. 2000).


       “[T]he Supreme Court has held that it will not find this Court in error for not
considering a case on its merits where the plaintiff did not comply with the rules of this
Court.” Bean v. Bean, 40 S.W.3d 52, 54-55 (Tenn. Ct. App. 2000) (citing Crowe v.
Birmingham & N.W. Ry. Co., 156 Tenn. 349, 1 S.W.2d 781 (1928)). “[A]ppellate courts
may properly decline to consider issues that have not been raised and briefed in
accordance with the applicable rules.” Waters v. Farr, 291 S.W.3d 873, 919 (Tenn.
2009) (Koch, J., concurring in part and dissenting in part). “We have previously held that
a litigant’s appeal should be dismissed where his brief does not comply with the
applicable rules, or where there is a complete failure to cite to the record.” Commercial
Bank, Inc. v. Summers, No. E2010-02170-COA-R3-CV, 2011 WL 2673112, at *2 (Tenn.
Ct. App. July 11, 2011).


        The issues raised in Appellant’s brief, as well as the “statement of facts” and
“argument” sections of her brief, are rambling and incoherent. Appellant’s argument
does not contain the required citations to the record or any relevant legal authority in
accordance with Rule 27(a) of the Tennessee Rules of Appellate Procedure. Further,
Appellant’s brief does not include a statement of the case pursuant to subsection (5), a
statement of facts section with references to the record in accordance with subsection (6),
an argument section containing references to the record and the applicable standard of
review as required by subsection (7), or a short conclusion, stating the precise relief
sought as required by subsection (8). Due to the numerous inadequacies in Appellant’s
brief, as well as our inability to discern the arguments Appellant is attempting to make on
appeal, we are unable to review the merits of this appeal. Accordingly, Appellant’s

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appeal is dismissed.

       On appeal, Appellee, Wells Fargo Bank requested this Court deem the appeal
frivolous and impose sanctions against Appellant. However, we decline to do so.

                                   CONCLUSION

       For the aforementioned reasons, the appeal is hereby dismissed. Costs of this
appeal are taxed to the Appellant, Verrina M. Shields Bey. Because Verrina M. Shields
Bey is proceeding in forma pauperis in this appeal, execution may issue for costs if
necessary.



                                             _________________________________
                                             BRANDON O. GIBSON, JUDGE




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