                IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF THE STATE OF IDAHO

                                        Docket No. 41555

RICHARD BERGESEN,                                 )      2014 Unpublished Opinion No. 552
                                                  )
       Petitioner-Appellant,                      )      Filed: June 11, 2014
                                                  )
v.                                                )      Stephen W. Kenyon, Clerk
                                                  )
BRENT REINKE,                                     )      THIS IS AN UNPUBLISHED
                                                  )      OPINION AND SHALL NOT
       Respondent.                                )      BE CITED AS AUTHORITY
                                                  )

       Appeal from the District Court of the Fourth Judicial District, State of Idaho, Ada
       County. Hon. Daniel C. Hurlbutt, District Judge.

       Judgment dismissing petition for writ of habeas corpus, affirmed.

       Richard Bergesen, Boise, pro se appellant.

       Brent Reinke, respondent, did not appear.
                 ________________________________________________
MELANSON, Judge
       Richard Bergesen, an inmate in the Idaho Department of Correction (IDOC), filed a
petition for writ of habeas corpus. Bergesen’s petition consisted of over 200 pages of various
facts, allegations, notes to himself, letters to judges, IDOC disciplinary reports, and grievance
forms. As far as the district court could discern, the petition raised issues regarding conditions of
confinement and challenged Bergesen’s underlying conviction. The district court dismissed the
claims challenging Bergesen’s conviction as being outside the scope of a proper habeas petition.
The district court also notified Bergesen that his petition needed to demonstrate Bergesen was
personally subject to unconstitutional conditions of confinement and that Bergesen exhausted his
administrative remedies. The district court determined that Bergesen’s petition did not comply
with I.R.C.P. 8(a)(1), in that it did not contain a short and plain statement of the claim showing
Bergesen is entitled to relief. The district court instructed Bergesen to file an amended petition
setting forth the specific allegations he sought to assert in a short and succinct manner. The
district court also instructed Bergesen to demonstrate he exhausted his administrative remedies
covering each contention raised. Bergesen filed a motion for reconsideration and the district

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court denied the motion. Bergesen failed to file an amended petition and the district court
dismissed the remaining claims. 1 Bergesen appeals.
       The writ of habeas corpus is a constitutionally mandated mechanism to effect the
discharge of an individual from unlawful confinement. See IDAHO CONST. art. I, § 5; I.C. §§ 19-
4201 to 19-4226; Mahaffey v. State, 87 Idaho 228, 231, 392 P.2d 279, 280 (1964); Gawron v.
Roberts, 113 Idaho 330, 333, 743 P.2d 983, 986 (Ct. App. 1987). The essence of habeas corpus
is an attack upon the legality of a person’s detention for the purpose of securing release where
custody is illegal and is an avenue by which relief can be sought where detention of an individual
is in violation of a fundamental right. In re Robison, 107 Idaho 1055, 1057, 695 P.2d 440, 442
(Ct. App. 1985). An in-state prisoner may file a petition for a writ of habeas corpus to request
that a court inquire into state or federal constitutional questions concerning conditions of
confinement, the revocation of parole, miscalculation of a sentence, loss of good time credits, or
detainers lodged against the prisoner. I.C. §§ 19-4203(2)(a)-(e). Habeas corpus should not be
used as a substitute for, or in addition to, a direct appeal of a criminal conviction or proceeding
under Idaho Criminal Rule 35 or the Uniform Post-Conviction Procedures Act. I.C. § 19-
4203(4).
       The decision to issue a writ of habeas corpus is a matter within the discretion of the court.
Johnson v. State, 85 Idaho 123, 127, 376 P.2d 704, 706 (1962); Brennan v. State, 122 Idaho 911,
914, 841 P.2d 441, 444 (Ct. App. 1992). When we review an exercise of discretion in a habeas
corpus proceeding, we conduct a three-tiered inquiry to determine whether the lower court
rightly perceived the issue as one of discretion, acted within the boundaries of such discretion,
and reached its decision by an exercise of reason. Brennan, 122 Idaho at 914, 841 P.2d at 444;
Sivak v. Ada County, 115 Idaho 762, 763, 769 P.2d 1134, 1135 (Ct. App. 1989). If a petitioner is
not entitled to relief on a petition for a writ of habeas corpus, the decision by the petitioned court
to dismiss the petition without an evidentiary hearing will be upheld. Brennan, 122 Idaho at 917,
841 P.2d at 447.
       Bergesen argues the district court did not put forth the necessary time, effort, and
research to afford him due process and equal protection of the law under the U.S. Constitution.
However, Bergesen fails to provide any coherent argument or authority with respect to how the

1
       The district court dismissed the claims challenging the underlying conviction with
prejudice and the conditions of confinement claim without prejudice.

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district court erred. A party waives an issue on appeal if either argument or authority is lacking.
Powell v. Sellers, 130 Idaho 122, 128, 937 P.2d 434, 440 (Ct. App. 1997). Thus, Bergesen has
waived all issues on appeal. Accordingly, we affirm the district court’s judgment dismissing
Bergesen’s petition for habeas corpus relief.
       Chief Judge GUTIERREZ and Judge GRATTON, CONCUR.




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