                              FIRST DIVISION
                               BARNES, P. J.,
                         MCMILLIAN and MERCIER, JJ.

                    NOTICE: Motions for reconsideration must be
                    physically received in our clerk’s office within ten
                    days of the date of decision to be deemed timely filed.
                                http://www.gaappeals.us/rules


                                                                       June 6, 2017


In the Court of Appeals of Georgia
 A17A0868. HUGHES v. THE STATE.

      PER CURIAM.

      A jury found Marvin Hughes guilty of child molestation and statutory rape. The

trial court merged the child molestation conviction into the statutory rape conviction,

for which the court imposed a 20-year prison sentence. Hughes appeals from the

denial of his motion for a new trial, contending that the trial court erred in admitting

similar transaction evidence during his trial and that his sentence should be vacated

and his case remanded for the trial court to clarify that his child molestation

conviction merged into his statutory rape conviction. For the reasons that follow, we

conclude that the trial court committed no error in its admission of the similar

transaction evidence, and that the trial court’s sentencing order made clear that

Hughes’s child molestation conviction merged into his statutory rape conviction for

sentencing purposes. However, the trial court erred in failing to impose a split-

sentence for Hughes’s statutory rape conviction, as required by OCGA § 17-10-6.2.
Accordingly, we affirm Hughes’s conviction, vacate his sentence, and remand for

resentencing in compliance with OCGA § 17-10-6.2.

      Viewed in the light most favorable to the verdict,1 the evidence shows that

Hughes is related by marriage to the family of the victim’s mother. In April 2011,

when the victim was 13 years old, one of the victim’s cousins used the victim’s

telephone to ask Hughes to give them a car ride. Before that time, the victim had few

interactions with Hughes. Shortly thereafter, Hughes and the victim began

exchanging text messages. Sometime between April and May 2011, the victim visited

her cousin. After the cousin went to bed, Hughes arrived, and he and the victim

watched television while exchanging text messages. At some point, Hughes walked

over to the victim, and the two engaged in sexual intercourse on a sofa. The two

engaged in intercourse several more times between that night and the end of the

school year, including twice in Hughes’s car. In April and May 2011, Hughes was 28

years old.




      1
       See Jackson v. Virginia, 443 U. S. 307, 319 (III) (B) (99 SCt 2781, 61 LE2d
560) (1979).

                                         2
      The State also presented evidence that Hughes had engaged in sexual relations

with a 14-year-old girl in 2004, as a result of which he had pled guilty to statutory

rape. The victim in that case – D. G. – testified that Hughes was a family friend whom

she met when he gave her and her brother a ride home. On the day they met, at

Hughes’s request, he and D. G. exchanged telephone numbers. Later that night,

Hughes visited D. G.’s home, and the two engaged in intercourse in Hughes’s truck.

Hughes was 22 years old at the time.

      The jury found Hughes guilty of child molestation and statutory rape. The trial

court merged Hughes’s child molestation conviction into his statutory rape conviction

and imposed a 20-year prison term for the statutory rape conviction. Hughes filed a

motion for a new trial, which the trial court denied, and this appeal followed.

      1. Hughes challenges the admission of evidence at trial that he had sexual

relations with a 14-year-old girl several years earlier. In particular, Hughes contends

that: (i) the trial court erred when it improperly weighed the probative value of the

prior act evidence against its prejudicial effect; and (ii) the prior act evidence was not

needed to prove intent, which, he claims, was “easily inferred.” We discern no error.2

      2
       Because Hughes was tried in September 2012, the new Georgia Evidence
Code does not apply to any of the evidentiary issues addressed in this case. See Ga.
L. 2011, pp. 99, 214, § 101; Miller v. State, 325 Ga. App. 764, 766 (1), n. 1 (754

                                            3
      When the State seeks to introduce prior acts of the defendant as similar

transaction evidence,

      it first must identify a proper purpose for the admission of such
      evidence, establish that the defendant, in fact, committed the prior acts,
      and show enough of a similarity or connection between the prior acts
      and the crimes charged that proof of the former tends to prove the latter.
      Upon such a showing, a trial court may admit evidence of a similar
      transaction, unless the probative value of the evidence is substantially
      outweighed by a risk that it would unfairly prejudice the defendant.
      When we consider the admission of similar transaction evidence, we
      focus on the similarities, not the differences, between the prior acts and
      the crimes charged, and we must bear in mind that the standard for the
      admission of similar transaction evidence is most liberally construed in
      cases involving sexual offenses.


Bibb v. State, 315 Ga. App. 49, 50 (2) (726 SE2d 534) (2012) (citations omitted); see

also Mills v. State, 319 Ga. App. 131, 133 (1) (735 SE2d 134) (2012) (in prosecutions

for sexual offenses involving children, evidence that the defendant previously

molested young children or teenagers, regardless of the type of act, is sufficiently

similar to be admissible). We review a trial court’s decision whether to admit similar

transaction evidence for abuse of discretion. Bibb, 315 Ga. App. at 50 (2).



SE2d 804) (2014).

                                          4
      We first note that, in his appellate brief, Hughes at times misstates the proper

analysis by contending that a court must determine “whether the probative worth of

the evidence outweighs its potential for undue prejudice.” This is not the law. The law

mandates exclusion of otherwise probative similar transaction evidence only if the

risk of unfair prejudice substantially outweighs its probative value. See Bibb, 315 Ga.

App. at 50 (2); accord Dillard v. State, 297 Ga. 756, 758-760 (3) & n. 4 (778 SE2d

184) (2015); Jones v. State, 316 Ga. App. 442, 445 (2), 447 (2) (b) (729 SE2d 578)

(2012). Put another way, this test does not require exclusion where the risk of unfair

prejudice equals – or even slightly outweighs – the probative value of the other acts

evidence. See Dillard, 297 Ga. at 758-760 (3); Jones, 316 Ga. App. at 445 (2), 447

(2) (b); Bibb, 315 Ga. App. at 50 (2).

      The trial court here conducted a similar transaction hearing and determined that

the prior acts Hughes engaged in with D. G. were admissible to prove his intent and

to show that he engaged in a common scheme or plan in the prior and charged acts.

The court gave a limiting instruction to this effect before the similar transaction

testimony was introduced and in the court’s final charge to the jury.

      “Guided by the liberal standard applicable in cases involving sexual offenses

against children,” Kirkland v. State, 334 Ga. App. 26, 30 (1) (778 SE2d 42) (2015),

                                          5
we conclude that, on the facts of this case, the trial court was authorized to find that

the risk of unfair prejudice did not bar the admission of the other acts evidence.

Pretermitting whether Hughes’s prior statutory rape conviction was probative of

intent in the instant case, it was relevant, as the court found, to showing that Hughes

engaged in a common plan or scheme of (a) befriending young girls from families he

knew (b) by giving them rides and (c) engaging in sexual relations with them in his

vehicles. See Miller v. State, 325 Ga. App. 764, 764-765, 768-769 (2) (b) (754 SE2d

804) (2014) (in a rape prosecution, the defendant’s prior rapes were relevant to show

his course of conduct, as the prior and charged offenses each began when the

defendant offered the victims rides in his truck); see also Kirkland, 334 Ga. App. at

30 (1) (a similar transaction was properly admitted in a prosecution for aggravated

child molestation where both the prior act and the charged offense “involved

instances where [the defendant] preyed on young girls to whom he had access

because of his relationship with his girlfriend and her family”). “Moreover, the trial

court provided jury instructions that limited consideration of the similar transaction

evidence to the appropriate purposes and provided guidance so as to diminish its

prejudicial impact.” Miller, 325 Ga. App. at 769 (2) (b); see Mills, 319 Ga. App. at

135 (1) (in a prosecution for several sexual offenses involving children, evidence that

                                           6
the defendant previously had engaged in various acts of sexually inappropriate

conduct with other children “was not unfairly prejudicial, in light of the trial court’s

limiting instruction to the jury, and because the prior transactions . . . corroborated

the victims’ testimony”) (punctuation omitted). Given the relevance of the prior act

evidence to show a common plan or scheme and the trial court’s multiple limiting

instructions, we conclude that the court did not abuse its discretion when it

determined that the danger of unfair prejudice did not substantially outweigh the

probative value of the challenged evidence.

      2. Hughes contends that his sentence should be vacated and remanded for the

trial court to clarify that he stands convicted only of statutory rape, as his child

molestation conviction merged into his statutory rape conviction. We disagree.

      “Under Georgia law, certain convictions merge and multiple punishment is

precluded where the same conduct establishes the commission of more than one

crime, and the one crime is included in the other.” Jones v. State, 290 Ga. 670, 672

(2) (725 SE2d 236) (2012) (punctuation omitted). We review the application of the

merger doctrine de novo. See Brown v. State, 314 Ga. App. 198, 205 (6) (723 SE2d

520) (2012).



                                           7
      Hughes’s written sentence properly indicates that: (i) he was tried for (a) child

molestation, which the sentence identifies as Count 1, and (b) statutory rape, which

the sentence identifies as Count 2; (ii) the jury rendered a guilty verdict; and

(iii) “Count 1 merges into Count 2 for sentencing purposes.” In its order denying

Hughes’s motion for a new trial, the trial court likewise correctly stated that: (i) his

conviction for child molestation merged with his conviction for statutory rape; and

(ii) he therefore was sentenced only on the statutory rape conviction. Consequently,

we discern no error in this regard. To the extent that, as Hughes suggests, the

Department of Corrections (“DOC”) may misunderstand these rulings, that is a matter

that Hughes must raise directly with the DOC, which is not a party to these

proceedings.

      3. Although not addressed by either party, the trial court committed a

sentencing error that requires us to vacate Hughes’s sentence and remand this case

for resentencing. A person over the age of twenty-one who is convicted of statutory

rape is subject to a split sentence, which must include a mandatory minimum ten-year

prison sentence, to be followed by at least one year of probation. OCGA §§ 16-6-3

(b); 17-10-6.2 (a) (4), (b); McCranie v. State, 335 Ga. App. 548, 554-556 (4) (782

SE2d 453) (2016). A sentence that does not comply with the § 17-10-6.2 split-

                                           8
sentence requirement is void. See New v. State, 327 Ga. App. 87, 106-109 (5) (755

SE2d 568) (2014). We are required to correct a void sentence, regardless of whether

either party has raised the error on appeal. See von Thomas v. State, 293 Ga. 569, 573

(2) (748 SE2d 446) (2013) (“[A] sentence which is not allowed by law is void, and

its illegality may not be waived.”) (punctuation and emphasis omitted).

      Under § 17-10-6.2, the trial court was required to impose a total sentence for

Hughes’s statutory rape conviction that included at least one year of probation. See

OCGA §§ 16-6-3 (b); 17-10-6.2 (a) (4), (b). Consequently, Hughes’s 20-year prison

sentence, which includes no probation, is void. See New, 327 Ga. App. at 106-109

(5); see also McCranie, 335 Ga. App. at 556 (4) (holding that a sentence for statutory

rape that did not comply with § 17-10-6.2 was void); accord Spargo v. State, 332 Ga.

App. 410, 411-412 (773 SE2d 35) (2015) (holding that 20-year prison sentences for

child molestation convictions were void for failure to comply with § 17-10-6.2).

      For each of the above reasons, we affirm Hughes’s conviction, vacate his

sentence, and remand this case for resentencing under § 17-10-6.2 in accordance with

this opinion.

      Judgment affirmed in part and vacated in part; case remanded for

resentencing. Division Per Curiam. All Judges concur.

                                          9
