[Cite as State v. Nelson, 2018-Ohio-4763.]




                             IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF OHIO
                                SECOND APPELLATE DISTRICT
                                     CHAMPAIGN COUNTY

 STATE OF OHIO                                     :
                                                   :
         Plaintiff-Appellee                        :   Appellate Case No. 2018-CA-5
                                                   :
 v.                                                :   Trial Court Case No. 2016-CR-134
                                                   :
 JOHN EDWARD NELSON                                :   (Criminal Appeal from
                                                   :   Common Pleas Court)
         Defendant-Appellant                       :
                                                   :

                                              ...........

                                             OPINION

                          Rendered on the 30th day of November, 2018.

                                              ...........

JANE A. NAPIER, Atty. Reg. No. 0061426, Champaign County Prosecutor’s Office,
Appellate Division, 200 N. Main Street, Urbana, Ohio 43078
      Attorney for Plaintiff-Appellee

JAMES S. SWEENEY, Atty. Reg. No. 0086402, 97 S. Liberty Street, Powell, Ohio 43065
    Attorney for Defendant-Appellant

                                             .............

DONOVAN, J.

        {¶ 1} This matter is before the Court on the February 15, 2018 Notice of Appeal

of John Edward Nelson.              Nelson appeals from the trial court’s January 22, 2018

judgment entry, issued after a community control violation hearing, which found that

Nelson violated his community control sanctions and imposed an aggregate sentence of
                                                                                             -2-


34 months. We hereby affirm the judgment of the trial court.

       {¶ 2} On May 5, 2016, Nelson was indicted on two counts of forgery (Counts One

and Two), felonies of the fifth degree; one count of possession of cocaine, a felony of the

fifth degree (Count Three); one count of illegal use or possession of drug paraphernalia

(Count Four), a misdemeanor of the fourth degree; one count of trafficking in cocaine

(Count Five), a felony of the fourth degree; one count of aggravated trafficking in drugs

(Count Six), a felony of the third degree; and two counts of corrupting another with drugs

(Counts Seven and Eight), felonies of the fourth degree.

       {¶ 3} On May 23, 2016, Nelson entered pleas of not guilty. On July 14, 2016,

Nelson withdrew his pleas of not guilty and pled guilty to trafficking in cocaine (Count

Five), in violation of R.C. 2925.03(A)(1) and (C)(4)(b), and two counts of corrupting

another with drugs (Counts Seven and Eight), in violation of R.C. 2925.02(A)(4)(a) and

(C)(3). Nelson also entered a guilty plea to Count Six, which was amended to attempted

aggravated    trafficking   in    drugs,   in   violation   of   R.C.   2923.02(A)   and   R.C.

2925.03(A)(1)(C)(1)(b), a felony of the fourth degree.

       {¶ 4} On August 15, 2016, the court imposed a term of community control for a

period of four years, including standard and special conditions. Nelson’s judgment entry

of conviction provided in part:

       REVOCATION OF COMMUNITY CONTROL

       If Defendant violates Community Control and Community Control is

       revoked, the Court will impose the following terms of imprisonment upon the

       Defendant:
                                                                                         -3-


         Count Five - Imprisonment of seventeen (17) months to the [ODRC]1

         Count Six - Imprisonment of seventeen (17) months to the [ODRC]

         Count Seven - Imprisonment of seventeen (17) months to the [ODRC]

         Count Eight - Imprisonment of seventeen (17) months to the [ODRC]

         The sentences imposed in Counts Five and Six shall be served

         CONCURRENTLY to one another.          The sentences imposed in Counts

         Seven and Eight shall be served CONCURRENTLY to one another. The

         sentences   imposed    in   Counts   Five   and   Six   shall   be   served

         CONSECUTIVELY to the sentences imposed in Counts Seven and Eight

         making a TOTAL SENTENCE OF THIRTY-FOUR (34) MONTHS.

         {¶ 5} On August 17, 2016, the court issued a “Journal Entry Attaching Community

Control Conditions to the Journal Entry of Judgment, Conviction, and Sentence,” which

provided that the “Court hereby attaches the signed Standard and Special Conditions of

Community Control Supervision to this Entry. The Court incorporates by reference the

community control conditions and Defendant’s acceptance thereto by reference as if fully

rewritten into the Journal Entry of Judgment, Conviction and Sentence.” One of the

attached conditions required Nelson to “follow all orders given to me by my supervising

officer or other authorized representatives of the Court or the Department of Rehabilitation

and Correction.”

         {¶ 6} On January 2, 2018, the court scheduled an arraignment at the request of

Nelson’s probation officer. The following day, the court issued a “Notice of Supervision

Violation,” which provided:


1
    Ohio Department of Rehabilitation and Correction.
                                                                                      -4-


      Now comes Herbert Nicholson Jr., State Parole / Probation Officer, and

      says that the Defendant has violated community control supervision in the

      following manner:

      1. Violation of Standard Condition of Supervision rule #1:        I will obey

      federal, state and local laws and ordinances, including those related to

      illegal drug use and registration with authorities. To wit:

      On or about 12/23/17, you did cause damage to property at 445 East Ward

      Street, Urbana, Ohio.

      2. Violation of Standard Condition of Supervision rule #2: I will follow all

      orders given to me by my supervising officer or other authorized

      representatives of the Court or the Department of Rehabilitation and

      Correction. To wit:

      Since on and after 12/1/17, you have had contact with [J.] Elliott in and

      around Champaign County, Ohio.

      3. Violation of Standard Condition of Supervision rule #5:        I agree to

      conduct myself as [a] responsible, law abiding citizen. To wit:

      On or about 12/23/17, you acted in a disorderly manner in and around

      Champaign County, Ohio.

      {¶ 7} On January 9, 2018, the court filed an entry stating that Nelson “did not

contest the existence of probable cause, and the Court found that probable cause existed

to hold a Community Control Violation hearing.”

      {¶ 8} At the start of the January 19, 2018 hearing, the prosecutor raised the

following question with respect to revocation of Nelson’s community control sanctions:
                                                                                          -5-


“does the Court believe that because the basis of the community control violations are [a]

misdemeanor conviction and misdemeanor conduct[,] that the Court is only able to

sentence the Defendant to prison for 180 days?” After reviewing R.C. 2929.15, the court

concluded as follows:

              * * * The Defendant’s sentence is not for a felony four or a felony five.

       The Defendant’s sentence is for multiple felonies. And those felonies have

       been run, some of them, consecutive to each other for a total sentence of

       34 months. So I believe that that technical violation part of the statute in

       2929.15(B)(1)(c) is not applicable.

              So if the Court were to find the Defendant guilty of sanctioned

       behavior as alleged and if the Court were to revoke his community control,

       the Court believes that he would be subject to the full 34 months. * * *

Defense counsel objected to the court’s determination.

       {¶ 9} Parole Officer Herb Nicholson testified that he supervised Nelson.

Nicholson testified that he verbally advised Nelson that “he could not have any contact

with [J. Elliott] due to the fact that she was drinking. And we also had a discussion that

she was also being supervised outside of this county.”            Nicholson stated that he

subsequently learned Nelson was in contact with Elliott. He further testified that on

December 23, 2017, Nelson was arrested after he kicked in the rear entrance door at 445

East Ward Street in Urbana, which was a residence Nelson shared with his aunt.

Nicholson identified a written statement that Nelson provided to him at the Tri-County

Regional Jail on January 2, 2018, in which Nelson admitted having contact with Elliott,

drinking, arguing with his aunt about his drinking, and kicking in the door at the East Ward
                                                                                          -6-


Street address.

       {¶ 10} Nelson’s aunt testified that she called the police after the altercation with

Nelson on December 23, 2017. She stated that Nelson had “been gone for a couple of

days because I don’t allow drinking. * * * [H]e came back that afternoon and he was highly

intoxicated.” She stated that Nelson was “yelling profanity” to be let into the home, and

that she “didn’t get to the door fast enough and he kicked it in.”

       {¶ 11} Nelson testified, and he acknowledged that Nicholson instructed him not to

have any contact with Elliott. Regarding the door at the East Ward Street residence,

Nelson testified that he “kicked it. But my intent was not to kick it in.” He stated that his

“hands were frozen so I was kicking the door with my feet. Nobody was answering so I

kicked it hard.” Nelson stated that he did not remember yelling profanities because he

was “pretty intoxicated.” Nelson testified that he no longer used cocaine, and that he

smoked “marijuana here and there. But drinking is my main concern. That is what turns

me evil.   To me, that is my gateway.        I start drinking and that opens the door to

everything else.”

       {¶ 12} The following exchange occurred on cross-examination by the prosecutor:

              Q. Mr. Nelson, you agree with me that back in June of 2017 Officer

       Nicholson told you not to have contact with [J.] Elliott?

              A. Yes, sir.

              ***

              Q. He explained that he believed Ms. Elliott was a bad influence in

       your life?

              A. Yes, sir.
                                                                                -7-


       Q. And you chose to disregard that order and to continue to have a

relationship with Ms. Elliott?

       A. Yes, sir.

       ***

       Q. * * * And because of that emotional attachment you made the

choice to disregard your probation officer’s order and chose Ms. Elliott over

abiding community control; is that a fair statement?

       A. Yes, sir, it is.

       Q. And with regard to the conduct that took place on December 23,

Ms. Elliott and you had been drinking that day; is that correct?

       A. Yes, sir.

       Q. So Ms. Elliott, you would agree with me then, was contributing

to your violation of community control and that she was around you and was

continuing to use alcohol and you were continuing to use alcohol?

       A. That’s correct.

       Q. And you agree that alcohol was a contributing factor to your

decision to go to 445 East Ward that day after you were told to leave?

       A. Yes, sir.

       Q. In fact, you were told to leave by [your aunt] because you were

drinking; isn’t that true?

       A. Yes.

       Q. And you are not disputing the fact that you were the one that

caused damage to that door?
                                                                                 -8-


       A. No sir, I accept responsibility for my actions.

       Q.   And you accepted responsibility in the Champaign County

Municipal Court, didn’t you?

       A. Yes, sir.

       Q. And you were convicted of criminal damaging related to that

incident that took place on December 23; is that true?

       A. Yes, sir.

       Q.   And you are not saying that you didn’t yell and scream

obscenities that day.     You’re just saying, because of your state of

intoxication, you can’t recall whether you did yell or scream or anything?

       A. Correct.

{¶ 13} At the conclusion of the hearing, the court indicated as follows:

       Court   has    reviewed   the   pre-sentence    investigation   report,

statements of counsel, statements of the Defendant, and Court’s interaction

with the Defendant. Court also took into consideration Probation Officer

Nicholson’s statement. Court re-reviewed the testimony and evidence.

       Court would note that in imposing sentence it considered and applied

the purposes and principles of sentencing as set forth in 2929.11 divisions

A, B, and C. The Court also considered the seriousness of the conduct,

the likelihood of recidivism, and the lack of service in the Armed Forces.

Court finds Defendant has five prior terms of imprisonment. He was on

post-release control for a felony offense of violence when he committed the

underlying felony offenses in the case at bar.         His relationship with
                                                                                -9-


juveniles facilitated the commission of the corrupting another with drug

offenses. And that in the underlying offense he used counterfeit money to

buy drugs from a drug dealer, which elevated the risk of retaliation for the

deceptive conduct thereby threatening public safety.

       The Court would note that * * * the Defendant continues to disregard

the no contact orders of the APA, to minimize the consumption of alcohol,

and creation of risk factors that jeopardized his pro-social behavior. The

continued contact in violation of the no contact order resulted in commission

of misdemeanor acts of property destruction and reckless behavior.

       The Court accepts your statement, Mr. Nelson, that you didn’t intend

to break the door down. But as you were giving your testimony, it occurred

to me that it was ironic that you stated that you did work at the Caring

Kitchen. So you knew the Caring Kitchen was a homeless shelter. Which

meant you knew that if you couldn’t get into your aunt’s house, you certainly

did have the option of going to the Caring Kitchen. And, for whatever

reason, you chose not to do that.

       Court revokes the Defendant’s community control. Count Five, 17

months to the Ohio Department of Corrections. Count Six, 17 months to

the Ohio Department of Corrections. Count Seven, 17 months to the Ohio

Department of Corrections.       Count Eight, 17 months to the Ohio

Department of Corrections. The sentences in Counts Five and Six are

concurrent to one another. The sentences in Counts Seven and Eight are

concurrent to one another. The sentences in Counts Five and Six are
                                                                               -10-


consecutive to Counts Seven and Eight for a total sentence of 34 months.

***

       In imposing consecutive sentences the Court finds that consecutive

sentencing is necessary to protect the public from future crime or to punish

the Defendant. The consecutive sentences are not disproportionate to the

seriousness of the Defendant’s conduct and the danger that the Defendant

poses to the public.

       The Court also finds that the Defendant committed one or more of

the multiple offenses while he was under post-release control for a prior

offense.   And that his history of criminal conduct demonstrates that

consecutive sentences are necessary to protect the public from future crime

by the Defendant.

{¶ 14} The trial court’s judgment entry similarly stated:

COMMUNITY CONTROL MERITS ADJUDICATION

Hearing was held on the merits of violation number 1, 2, and 3. Testimony

was presented by the State of Ohio and the Defendant. Exhibits were

admitted into evidence through the State of Ohio. The Court found the

Defendant GUILTY of violation numbers:

1. On or about December 23, 2017, you did cause damage to property at

445 East Ward Street, Urbana, Ohio.

2. Since on and after December 1, 2017, you have had contact with [J.]

Elliott in and around Champaign County, Ohio.

3. On or about December 23, 2017, you acted in a disorderly manner in
                                                                                  -11-


      and around Champaign County, Ohio.

The judgment also stated that the court found that R.C. 2929.15(B)(1)(c) was

“inapplicable to Defendant’s sentence because the Defendant is sentenced on multiple

felony offenses and consecutive felony offenses.”

      {¶ 15} The Entry further provided as follows:

             In imposing consecutive sentences, the Court makes the following

      findings per R.C. 2929.14(C)(4):

             ● Consecutive sentencing is necessary to protect the public from

      future crime or to punish the Defendant and consecutive sentences are not

      disproportionate to the seriousness of the Defendant’s conduct and to the

      danger the Defendant poses to the public. R.C. 2929.14(C)(4) AND

             ● The Defendant committed one or more of the multiple offenses

      while the Defendant was awaiting trial or sentencing, was on community

      control or was under post release control for a prior offense.      R.C.

      2929.14(C)(4)(a).

(Emphasis sic.)

      {¶ 16} Nelson appeals, raising one assignment of error:

             THE TRIAL COURT’S SENTENCE OF APPELLANT AT HIS

      COMMUNITY CONTROL VIOLATION HEARING WAS CONTRARY TO

      LAW.

      {¶ 17} Nelson notes that R.C. 2929.15 “was recently amended by 2017 H.B. 49,

which took effect on September 29, 2017.” He asserts as follows:

             This recent change to 2929.15(B) essentially means that if someone
                                                                                          -12-


       is on community control for a fourth degree felony, unless that felony is an

       offense of violation [sic] or a sexually oriented offense, [then] if their

       community control violation is a either a technical violation or a

       misdemeanor, [then] any prison term imposed for this violation can be no

       greater than 180 days. * * *

              ***

              In Mr. Nelson’s case, all four of his convictions were for felonies of

       the fourth degree. As for his violations of probation, these violations are

       either technical violations * * * or a misdemeanor. There is no allegation

       that Mr. Nelson violated his probation by committing a new felony.

       Therefore, under the Revised R.C. 2929.15 the trial court was permitted to

       impose a sentence of no greater than 180 days. Even if the trial court

       imposed a sentence of 180 days on each felony, and ran each consecutive

       this would lead to a prison term of twenty-four months, which is ten months

       less than the sentence imposed by the trial court. Therefore, Mr. Nelson’s

       sentence violates 2929.15 and is contrary to law.

       {¶ 18} The State responds that R.C. 2929.15 “does not contain any specific

language regarding ‘stacking’ felonies or does not denote the circumstances here

regarding multiple felonies. * * * The circumstances set forth in the statute are for a single

felony of the fifth degree or a felony of the fourth degree only.”

       {¶ 19} The State further asserts as follows:

              Although the trial court found that, due to the multiple felonies to

       which Appellant was sentence[d], R.C. § 2929.15(B)(1)(c) was not
                                                                                             -13-


         applicable, the State also contends that the record reflects that if such

         paragraph were applicable, the violations were clearly not “technical”

         violations. As the trial court summarized, this was not a situation where

         Appellant “had engaged in some sort of minor deviation from the terms of

         his community control.” (See Disposition Hearing Transcript, p. 38)[.] 2

         Appellant was specifically told by APA Nicholson to have no contact with

         Ms. Jamie Elliott and Appellant agreed that she was a trigger for him and

         she was also on supervision. However, Appellant had numerous contacts

         with Ms. Elliott after receiving the no-contact order from APA Nicholson. * * *

         Further, Appellant had been given a number of sanctions by APA Nicholson

         without trial court intervention but to no avail.

         {¶ 20} The State further asserts that this Court “cannot find by clear and convincing

evidence that the record does not support the court’s imposition of a 34 month term,”

since Nelson was sentenced to multiple felonies, and since his community control

violations “were not ‘technical’ or solely ‘misdemeanor’ violations.” According to the


2
    The transcript reflects that in fact the prosecutor indicated to the court as follows:
         * * * He’s been given a number of different sanctions by Officer Nicholson
         without Court intervention.
         Wherein, Officer Nicholson tried to counsel him and steer him in the right
         direction. It’s not a situation * * * where the Defendant has engaged in
         some sort of minor deviation from the terms of his community control and
         we’re seeking to revoke him.
         Officer Nicholson, I think, has been doing his best to work with the
         Defendant and alter [sic] his behavior and criminal mindset. The
         Defendant has made the choice - - particularly I think it’s demonstrated
         through his relationship with Ms. Elliott that he is going to exercise his own
         judgment ahead of the Court or Officer Nicholson with regard to certain
         areas of his life. And that is not going to allow him to be successful on
         community control. Unfortunately, the State thinks that revocation is the
         only option at this point.
                                                                                          -14-


State, Nelson’s “continued behaviors of being highly intoxicated and kicking in the door

of a residence, being the residence he used to see his girlfriend, is clearly not a technical

violation.”   Finally, the State asserts that Nelson “has failed to show by clear and

convincing evidence that the sentence was contrary to law and has failed to show that

the record does not support the trial court’s findings.”

       {¶ 21} R.C. 2929.15 provides in part:

               (B)(1) If the conditions of a community control sanction are violated

       * * *, the sentencing court may impose upon the violator one or more of the

       following penalties:

               ***

               (c) A prison term on the offender pursuant to section 2929.14 of the

       Revised Code and division (B)(3) of this section, provided that a prison term

       imposed under this division is subject to the following limitations, as

       applicable:

               ***

               (ii) If the prison term is imposed for any technical violation of the

       conditions of a community control sanction imposed for a felony of the fourth

       degree that is not an offense of violence and is not a sexually oriented

       offense or for any violation of law committed while under a community

       control sanction imposed for such a felony that consists of a new criminal

       offense and that is not a felony, the prison term shall not exceed one

       hundred eighty days.

               ***
                                                                                         -15-


              (3) The prison term, if any, imposed upon a violator pursuant to

       division (B)(1) of this section shall be within the range of prison terms

       available for the offense for which the sanction that was violated was

       imposed and shall not exceed the prison term specified in the notice

       provided to the offender at the sentencing hearing pursuant to division

       (B)(2) of section 2929.19 of the Revised Code. * * *

       {¶ 22} The range of prison terms available for a felony of the fourth degree is six,

seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve, thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, or

eighteen months. R.C. 2929.14(A)(4).

       {¶ 23} In State v. Mannah, 5th Dist. Fairfield No. 17-CA-54, 2018-Ohio-4219, the

Appellant appealed from the revocation of her community control sanctions and the

imposition of a ten-month sentence. After pleading guilty on November 22, 2016, to one

count of possession of heroin and three counts of aggravated trafficking in drugs, Mannah

was sentenced to three years of community control for possession of heroin and three

years of community control for one of the aggravated trafficking offenses. Id. at ¶ 2.

Mannah was sentenced to 14 months on the two remaining aggravated trafficking

offenses, to be served consecutively. Id. “The court advised [Mannah] revocation of

her community control could result in the imposition of a sentence of ten months

incarceration for possession of heroin and fourteen months incarceration for aggravated

trafficking, to be served consecutively to any other sentence previously imposed.” Id.

       {¶ 24} Mannah was granted judicial release on July 6, 2017, and “as a condition

of her community control, she was to successfully complete all CBCF program

requirements.   On October 31, she asked to be unsuccessfully terminated from the
                                                                                          -16-

program.” Id. at ¶ 3.

       {¶ 25} After the trial court determined Mannah’s community control violation “to be

non-technical in nature,” it imposed the ten-month sentence for possession of heroin, as

well as “the remaining term of incarceration of 351 days for two convictions of aggravated

trafficking.” The court allowed Mannah “to remain on community control with regard to

the remaining conviction of aggravated trafficking.”     Id. at ¶ 4.

       {¶ 26} On appeal, Mannah argued that “the court’s sentence of ten months violates

R.C. 2929.15(B)(1)(c), and further the statute implicitly prohibits the imposition of

consecutive sentences.”      Id. at ¶ 6.   Mannah asserted that her community control

violation “was a technical violation because the violation did not constitute a crime or other

violation of the law.” Id. at ¶ 8.

       {¶ 27} The Fifth District thoroughly considered the meaning of “technical violation”

as follows:

              The Eleventh Appellate District addressed R.C. 2929.15(B) in a case

       where the defendant overdosed on heroin in violation of the terms of her

       community control. State v. Cozzone, 11th Dist. Geauga No. 2017-G-

       0141, 2018-Ohio-2249.         The defendant argued her community control

       violation was technical in nature, and therefore, the maximum prison term

       which could be imposed for the violation was 180 days. The appellate

       court observed the term “technical violation” was not defined in R.C.

       2929.15; however, other appellate districts had addressed “technical

       violations” as they pertained to revocation of community control sanctions

       and parole violations in cases predating the statutory amendment. Id. at
                                                                                        -17-

      ¶ 38, citing State v. Cearfoss, 5th Dist. Stark No. 2004CA00085, 2004-Ohio-

      7310 (defendant’s failure to follow his probation officer’s order to open the

      front door was a “technical violation”); State v. Jenkins, 2d Dist. Champaign

      No. 2005-CA-22, 2006-Ohio-2639 (defendant’s failure to notify his parole

      officer before moving out of his residence where a convicted felon resided

      was “at best a ‘technical’ violation”); and Amburgey v. Ohio Adult Parole

      Auth., 12th Dist. Madison No. CA2001-07-016, 2001 WL 1256365, * * *

      (“technical” violations, in the context of parole, are those violations of the

      terms and conditions of the parole agreement which are not criminal in

      nature, such as failure to report to the parole officer, association with known

      criminals, leaving employment, and leaving the state). The Cozzone court

      concluded overdosing on drugs was criminal in nature and therefore could

      not be considered a “technical violation” of community control. Cozzone,

      supra, at ¶ 39.

Mannah at ¶ 9.

      {¶ 28} We note that, specifically, the court in Cozzone concluded that “[a]lthough

appellant was not charged or convicted for this conduct, overdosing on drugs is criminal

in nature and cannot be considered a “technical” violation of the terms and conditions of

community control.” Cozzone at ¶ 39.

      {¶ 29} Finally, the court in Mannah considered the rationale in State v. Davis, 12th

Dist. Warren No. CA2017-11-156, 2018-Ohio-2672, wherein the Twelfth District

considered “the identical argument raised in the instant case with regard to a defendant

who had signed himself out of a CBCF program,” and concluded that the “violation was
                                                                                        -18-

not technical in nature.” Mannah at ¶ 10. The court in Davis determined as follows:

               We decline appellant’s request to find that his voluntary signing

        himself out of the CBCF in violation of his community control was merely

        technical in nature. * * * [A]ppellant’s community control sanctions included

        standard rules and conditions as well as several “special conditions.” One

        such condition required appellant to complete treatment at a CBCF.

        Appellant’s voluntary discharge from the CBCF’s program and thus his

        failure to complete treatment there were not a violation of a standard term

        of community control, but rather, were a violation of a special condition of

        community control imposed by the trial court and specifically tailored to

        address and treat appellant’s substance abuse issues. * * *

               Moreover, the condition that appellant complete the CBCF treatment

        program was not an administrative requirement facilitating community

        control supervision, as was the case in Cearfoss, Jenkins, or Amburgey.

        Rather, the special condition was a substantive rehabilitative requirement

        which addressed a significant factor contributing to appellant’s criminal

        conduct.    Appellant’s voluntary discharge from the CBCF’s treatment

        program, therefore, cannot be considered a technical violation of

        community control.

Davis at ¶ 17-18.

        {¶ 30} After considering Davis, the court in Mannah concluded as follows:

               Had the legislature intended R.C. 2929.15(B)(1)(c)(i)3 to apply to all


3   R.C. 2929.15(B)(1)(c)(i) provides: “If the prison term is imposed for any technical
                                                                                            -19-


       violations of community control which were non-criminal in nature, it could

       have specifically stated so in the statute. Thus, the choice of the term

       “technical” implies it has meaning distinct from “non-criminal” violations.

       R.C. 2929.15(B)(1)(c)(i) specifically sets forth the ninety-day sentence

       limitation applies for violations of the law which are not felonies, if

       community control was imposed for a felony. If the legislature intended the

       statute to apply solely to violations of community control which constitute

       criminal offenses, it would have said so directly.

              We concur with the reasoning of the Twelfth District and find the trial

       court did not err in finding the violation in the instant case to be non-technical

       in nature. Appellant was required to successfully complete treatment at

       CBCF as a substantive rehabilitative requirement to address a factor

       contributing to her drug convictions. Appellant willfully checked herself out

       of the program, requesting to be unsuccessfully terminated from the

       program. Although not criminal, we agree with the trial court the violation

       was non-technical in nature. Therefore, R.C. 2929.15(B)(1)(c)(i) does not

       apply, and the court did not err in sentencing Appellant to ten months

       incarceration.

Mannah, 5th Dist. Fairfield No. 17-CA-54, 2018-Ohio-4219, at ¶ 14-15.

       {¶ 31} Having concluded that R.C. 2929.15(B)(1)(c)(i) did not apply, the court



violation of the conditions of a community control sanction imposed for a felony of the fifth
degree or for any violation of law committed while under a community control sanction
imposed for such a felony that consists of a new criminal offense and that is not a felony,
the prison term shall not exceed ninety days.”
                                                                                        -20-


declined to address Mannah’s assertion that “the statute implicitly prohibits consecutive

sentencing.” Id. at ¶ 16.

       {¶ 32} We disagree with Nelson’s assertion that all of his community control

violations are “either technical violations * * * or a misdemeanor,” such that R.C.

2929.15(B)(1)(c)(ii) applies to limit his sentence. We find the distinction in Davis to be

instructive between “an administrative requirement facilitating community control

supervision,” as in Cearfoss and Jenkins, and “a substantive rehabilitative requirement

which addressed a significant factor contributing to appellant’s criminal conduct.”

(Emphasis added.) Nelson was ordered to have no contact with Elliott in order to address

an issue that significantly contributed to his criminal conduct, namely consuming alcohol.

The no-contact sanction was specifically tailored to Nelson. He acknowledged that

drinking alcohol was his “main problem,” and that Elliott’s use of alcohol around him

contributed to his drinking and his violations of community control. The prosecutor

identified with particularity Nelson’s contact with Elliott as the basis for his failure to

succeed on community control, and the trial court similarly concluded that Nelson’s

contact with Elliott “resulted in commission of misdemeanor acts of property destruction

and reckless behavior.” For the foregoing reasons, we conclude that Nelson’s contact

with Elliott, although non-criminal in nature, was not a technical violation, and that R.C.

2929.15(B)(1)(c)(ii) did not apply to limit Nelson’s sentence. In other words, Nelson’s

sentence does not violate R.C. 2929.15(B)(1)(c)(ii) and is not contrary to law. Nelson’s

sole assigned error is overruled, and the judgment of the trial court is affirmed.

                                      .............
                                       -21-


FROELICH, J. and TUCKER, J., concur.



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