[Cite as State v. Thompson, 2015-Ohio-92.]


                                       COURT OF APPEALS
                                   DELAWARE COUNTY, OHIO
                                   FIFTH APPELLATE DISTRICT



STATE OF OHIO                                     JUDGES:
                                                  Hon. William B. Hoffman, P. J.
        Plaintiff-Appellee                        Hon. W. Scott Gwin, J.
                                                  Hon. John W. Wise, J.
-vs-
                                                  Case No. 14 CAA 04 0021
ZACHARY D. THOMPSON

        Defendant-Appellant                       OPINION




CHARACTER OF PROCEEDING:                      Criminal Appeal from the Court of Common
                                              Pleas, Case No. 08 CRI 08 0407


JUDGMENT:                                     Affirmed



DATE OF JUDGMENT ENTRY:                        January 13, 2015



APPEARANCES:

For Plaintiff-Appellee                        For Defendant-Appellant

CAROL HAMILTON O'BRIEN                        WILLIAM T. CRAMER
PROSECUTING ATTORNEY                          470 Olde Worthington Road
DOUGLAS N. DUMOLT                             Suite 200
ASSISTANT PROSECUTOR                          Westerville, Ohio 43082
140 North Sandusky Street, 3rd Floor
Delaware, Ohio 43015
Delaware County, Case No. 14 CAA 04 0021                                               2

Wise, J.

      {¶1}   Defendant-appellant appeals the March 14, 2014, Judgment Entry of the

Delaware County Court of Common Pleas denying his Motion to Withdraw Guilty Pleas.

      {¶2}   Plaintiff-Appellee is the State of Ohio.

                                 STATEMENT OF THE CASE

      {¶3}   On December 1, 2009, Appellant entered a plea of guilty to two counts of

aggravated vehicular homicide, in violation of R.C. §2903.06(A)(1)(a) and R.C.

§2903.06(A)(2)(a).

      {¶4}   On January 27, 2010, the trial court sentenced Appellee to five (5) years in

prison, the first two years being mandatory, on each of the two counts, the sentences to

be served consecutively. The trial court further ordered Appellee pay costs and

restitution in the sum of $11,466.29. In addition, Appellee’s driver’s license was

suspended for life.

      {¶5}   The State appealed, assigning as error:

      {¶6}   “I. THE SENTENCE OF FIVE YEARS WITH ONLY TWO YEARS BEING

MANDATORY FOR EACH COUNT OF AGGRAVATED VEHICULAR HOMICIDE

IMPOSED CONSECUTIVELY BY THE TRIAL JUDGE WAS UNLAWFUL AND VOID

BECAUSE R.C. 2903.06(E) REQUIRES THE ENTIRE PRISON TERM TO BE

MANDATORY.”

      {¶7}   Defendant-Appellant, cross-appealed, assigning as error:

      {¶8}   “THE CONSECUTIVE SENTENCES IMPOSED UPON APPELLEE WERE

CONTRARY TO LAW AS THE TRIAL COURT FAILED TO MAKE THE REQUISITE

FINDINGS UNDER O.R.C. §2929.14(E).”
Delaware County, Case No. 14 CAA 04 0021                                                  3


       {¶9}   This Court overruled both the State’s and the Defendant’s assignments of

error and affirmed the trial court’s decision.

       {¶10} On May 28, 2013, Appellant filed a Motion to Withdraw Guilty Pleas.

       {¶11} On June 11, 2013, the State filed a Memorandum Contra.

       {¶12} On August 15, 2013, Appellant filed a Response and a Motion: Submitting

Evidence to Supplement Defendant’s Motion to Withdraw Guilty Pleas.

       {¶13} By Judgment Entry filed March 14, 2014, the trial court denied Appellant’s

motion.

       {¶14} Appellant now appeals, assigning the following error for review:

                                    ASSIGNMENT OF ERROR

       {¶15} “I. THE TRIAL COURT ERRED BY DENYING APPELLANT'S MOTION

TO WITHDRAW HIS GUILTY PLEAS.”

                                                 I.

       {¶16} In his sole Assignment of Error, Appellant argues that the trial court erred

in denying his motion to withdraw his guilty plea filed after sentencing.

       {¶17} A motion to withdraw a guilty plea is governed by Crim.R. 32.1, which

states: “A motion to withdraw a plea of guilty or no contest may be made only before

sentence is imposed; but to correct manifest injustice the court after sentence may set

aside the judgment of conviction and permit the defendant to withdraw his or her plea.”

       {¶18} We review the trial court's denial of a motion to withdraw a guilty plea

under an abuse of discretion standard of review. State v. Pepper, 5th Dist. Ashland No.

13 COA 019, 2014–Ohio–364, ¶ 31 citing State v. Caraballo, 17 Ohio St.3d 66, 477

N.E.2d 627 (1985). In order to find an abuse of discretion, we must determine the trial
Delaware County, Case No. 14 CAA 04 0021                                                  4


court's decision was unreasonable, arbitrary, or unconscionable and not merely an error

of law or judgment. Blakemore v. Blakemore, 5 Ohio St.3d 217, 450 N.E.2d 1140

(1983). “A motion made pursuant to Crim.R. 32.1 is addressed to the sound discretion

of the trial court, and the good faith, credibility and weight of the movant's assertions in

support of the motion are matters to be resolved by that court.” State v. Pepper, 2014–

Ohio–364, ¶ 31 quoting State v. Smith, 49 Ohio St.2d 261, 361 N.E.2d 1324 (1977),

paragraph two of the syllabus.

       {¶19} In State v. Gallegos–Martinez, 5th Dist. Delaware No. 10–CAA–06–0043,

2010–Ohio–6463, after his first motion to withdraw his plea was denied by the trial

court, the defendant filed a second motion which raised some of the same arguments

that he made in his first motion. This Court observed:

              We find that at least some of the issues in his present appeal of the denial

       of his second motion to withdraw his guilty plea are prohibited by the doctrine of

       res judicata. As stated in State v. Sneed, Eighth District No. 84964, 2005–Ohio–

       1865, “Where a defendant files a post conviction motion to withdraw and fails to

       raise an issue that could have been raised, the defendant is precluded from

       raising the issue in a subsequent motion to withdraw. See State v. Jackson (Mar.

       31, 2000), Trumbull App. No. 98–T–0182. Indeed, numerous courts have applied

       the doctrine of res judicata to successive motions to withdraw a guilty plea. See

       State v. Brown, Cuyahoga App. No. 84322, 2004–Ohio–6421 (determining that a

       Crim.R. 32.1 motion will be denied when it asserts grounds for relief that were or

       should have been asserted in a previous Crim.R. 32.1 motion); State v. McLeod,

       Tuscarawas App. No. 2004 AP 03 0017, 2004–Ohio–6199 (holding res judicata
Delaware County, Case No. 14 CAA 04 0021                                              5


      barred current challenge to a denial of a motion to withdraw because the issues

      could have been raised in a defendant's initial motion to withdraw); State v.

      Vincent, Ross App. No. 03CA2713, 2003–Ohio–3998 (finding res judicata barred

      defendant from raising issues that could have been raised in a prior motion for

      new trial or Crim.R. 32.1 motion); State v. Reynolds, Putnam App. No. 12–01–11,

      2002–Ohio–2823 (finding that the doctrine of res judicata applies to successive

      motions filed under Crim.R. 32 .1); State v. Unger, Adams App. No. 00CA705,

      2001–Ohio–2397 (concluding that the defendant's Crim.R. 32.1 motion was

      barred by res judicata because she had previously filed a motion to withdraw her

      guilty plea that she did not appeal prior to filing the second motion to withdraw

      guilty plea); State v. Jackson (Mar. 31, 2000), Trumbull App. No. 98–T–0182 (res

      judicata applies to successive motions to withdraw a guilty plea filed pursuant to

      Crim.R. 32.1). As succinctly stated in State v. Kent, Jackson App. No. 02CA21,

      2003–Ohio–6156: ‘Res judicata applies to bar raising piecemeal claims in

      successive post-conviction relief petitions or motions to withdraw a guilty plea

      that could have been raised, but were not, in the first post conviction relief

      petition or motion to withdraw a guilty plea.’ ” Sneed at ¶ 17.

      State v. Gallegos–Martinez, ¶ 12. Accord, State v. Corradetti, 5th Dist. Stark No.

2008 CA 00194, 2009–Ohio–1347; State v. Lankford, 7th Dist. No. 07 BE 3, 2007–

Ohio–3330; State v. Zhao, 9th Dist. Lorain No. 03CA008386, 2004–Ohio–3245.

      {¶20} In the instant case, Appellant first raised his arguments related to

unintended acceleration based upon newly discovered evidence at a hearing in

February, 2011. At that time, the trial court found that news and information concerning
Delaware County, Case No. 14 CAA 04 0021                                                  6


the issues of unintended acceleration had been available as early as January, 1996.

The trial court further found that Appellant failed to present any evidence that his vehicle

was subject to any such defect. Lastly, the trial court found that it was Appellant’s

actions of being intoxicated and driving left of center that caused the death of the

victims in this case.

       {¶21} As Appellant already raised the foregoing arguments in a previous motion,

which the trial court denied, res judicata bars him from raising them a third time in a

subsequent motion. See Hildebrand at ¶ 5.

       {¶22} In addition, Appellant’s instant motion to withdraw his guilty plea claims

that counsel representing him in his first motion to withdraw his guilty plea was

ineffective.

       {¶23} To succeed on a claim of ineffectiveness, a defendant must satisfy a two-

prong test. Initially, a defendant must show that trial counsel acted incompetently. See,

Strickland v. Washington, 466 U.S. 668, 104 S.Ct. 2052 (1984). In assessing such

claims, “a court must indulge a strong presumption that counsel's conduct falls within

the wide range of reasonable professional assistance; that is, the defendant must

overcome the presumption that, under the circumstances, the challenged action ‘might

be considered sound trial strategy.’ ” Id. at 689, citing Michel v. Louisiana, 350 U.S. 91,

101, 76 S.Ct. 158 (1955). “There are countless ways to provide effective assistance in

any given case. Even the best criminal defense attorneys would not defend a particular

client in the same way.” Strickland, 466 U.S. at 689. The question is whether counsel

acted “outside the wide range of professionally competent assistance.” Id. at 690.
Delaware County, Case No. 14 CAA 04 0021                                                7

       {¶24} A properly licensed attorney is presumed competent. State v. Hamblin, 37

Ohio St.3d 153, 524 N.E.2d 476 (1988). Therefore, in order to prevail on a claim of

ineffective assistance of counsel, Appellant must show counsel's performance fell below

an objective standard of reasonable representation and but for counsel's error, the

result of the proceedings would have been different. Strickland v. Washington, 466 U.S.

668, 104 S.Ct. 2052, 80 L.Ed.2d 674(1984); State v. Bradley, 42 Ohio St.3d 136, 538

N.E.2d 373 (1989). In other words, Appellant must show that counsel's conduct so

undermined the proper functioning of the adversarial process the trial cannot be relied

upon as having produced a just result. Id.

       {¶25} Even if a defendant could show that counsel was incompetent, the

defendant must then satisfy the second prong of the Strickland test. Under this “actual

prejudice” prong, the defendant must show that “there is a reasonable probability that,

but for counsel's unprofessional errors, the result of the proceeding would have been

different.” Strickland, 466 U.S. at 694.

       {¶26} Here, based on the facts of this case, specifically that the accident which

resulted in two deaths was caused by Appellant being intoxicated and driving left of

center and causing a head-on collision, we find that Appellant’s counsel’s decisions to

focus on arguments other than “unintended acceleration” do not rise to the level of

incompetence.

       {¶27} Even if res judicata did not operate to bar the claims in this motion to

withdraw his plea, we do not find that the trial court abused its discretion in overruling

the motion. “A post-sentence motion to withdraw guilty plea may be made only to

correct a manifest injustice.” State v. Beavers, 10th Dist. Franklin No. 11AP–1064,
Delaware County, Case No. 14 CAA 04 0021                                                    8


2012–Ohio–3654, ¶ 7, citing Crim.R. 32.1. Manifest injustice “ ‘is an extremely high

standard, which permits a defendant to withdraw his guilty plea only in extraordinary

cases.’ ” State v. Tabor, 10th Dist. Franklin No. 08AP–1066, 2009–Ohio–2657, ¶ 6,

quoting State v. Price, 4th Dist. Washington No. 07CA47, 2008–Ohio–3583, ¶ 11. “ ‘A

“manifest injustice” comprehends a fundamental flaw in the path of justice so

extraordinary that the defendant could not have sought redress from the resulting

prejudice through another form of application reasonably available to him or her.’ ” State

v. Brooks, 2d Dist. Montgomery No. 23385, 2010–Ohio–1682, ¶ 8, quoting State v.

Hartzell, 2d Dist. Montgomery No. 17499, 1999 WL 957746, *2 (Aug. 20, 1999). “The

movant has the burden to demonstrate that a manifest injustice occurred.” Id., citing

Smith, 49 Ohio St.2d 261, 361 N.E.2d 1324, at paragraph one of the syllabus.

       {¶28} We cannot find that manifest injustice occurred for the reasons set forth

above.

       {¶29} Accordingly, we find that the claims in Appellant's Crim.R. 32.1 motion to

withdraw his guilty plea are barred by the doctrine of res judicata, and that the trial court
Delaware County, Case No. 14 CAA 04 0021                                             9


also did not abuse its discretion in denying the motion. Appellant’s sole Assignment of

Error is overruled.

       {¶30} For the foregoing reasons, the judgment of the Court of Common Pleas of

Delaware County, Ohio, is affirmed.


By: Wise, J.

Hoffman, P. J., and

Gwin, J., concur.



JWW/d 0105
Delaware County, Case No. 14 CAA 04 0021   10
