                                                                NOT PRECEDENTIAL

                        UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
                             FOR THE THIRD CIRCUIT
                                  ___________

                                       No. 12-4620
                                       ___________

                             LESHIA I. ROBINSON-JONES,
                                              Appellant

                                             v.

             COMMISSIONER, SOCIAL SECURITY ADMINISTRATION
                   ____________________________________

                     On Appeal from the United States District Court
                                for the District of Delaware
                             (D. Del. Civ. No. 1:11-cv-01206)
                     District Judge: Honorable Richard G. Andrews
                      ____________________________________

                  Submitted Pursuant to Third Circuit LAR 34.1(a)
                               September 20, 2013
       Before: FUENTES, VANASKIE and VAN ANTWERPEN, Circuit Judges

                           (Opinion filed: September 24, 2013)
                                      ___________

                                        OPINION
                                       ___________

PER CURIAM

       Leshia I. Robinson-Jones appeals pro se from an order of the District Court

affirming the administrative denial of her application for disability insurance benefits,

and the District Court’s judgment in favor of the Commissioner. We will affirm.
                                            I.

      In 2008, Robinson applied for disability insurance benefits under Title II of the

Social Security Act (the "Act"). 1 Robinson alleged disability as of November 2003 on

the basis of back and neck injury, vision problems, emotional stress, asthma, and chronic

obstructive pulmonary disease. Robinson’s claims were initially denied, and she

requested a hearing before an administrative law judge (“ALJ”), which took place on

October 5, 2010. At the administrative hearing, Robinson amended the alleged onset date

of her disability to August 7, 2008, when she was fifty-three years old. The ALJ found

that Robinson was not under a disability prior to July 28, 2010, but became disabled on

that date when her age category changed.

      Robinson appealed, and the Appeals Council of the Social Security Administration

declined further review, making the ALJ’s decision the final agency decision. Robinson

then sought judicial review, and both Robinson and the Commissioner filed motions for

summary judgment. In November 2013, the District Court entered an order denying

Robinson’s motion and granting the Commissioner’s motion, thus affirming the ALJ’s

decision. On December 3, 2013, the District Court entered judgment in favor of the

Commissioner. Robinson timely appealed.


1
  Robinson previously filed a disability insurance benefits application in February 2006,
which resulted in a final decision dated August 6, 2008, denying her claim. Robinson
appealed to the District Court. Robinson-Jones v. Astrue, Civil Action No. 10-00588 (D.
Del. Mar. 28, 2012). By Order entered March 28, 2012, judgment was entered in favor of
the Commissioner and against Robinson, and she did not appeal.



                                            2
                                             II.

            The District Court had jurisdiction under 42 U.S.C. § 405(g), and we

exercise appellate jurisdiction under 28 U.S.C. § 1291. Our review is deferential and is

limited to determining whether the ALJ’s decision is supported by substantial evidence.

See, e.g., Brown v. Astrue, 649 F.3d 193, 195 (3d Cir. 2011). Substantial evidence is

“such relevant evidence as a reasonable mind might accept as adequate.” Fargnoli v.

Massanari, 247 F.3d 34, 38 (3d Cir. 2001) (internal quotation omitted). Where findings

are supported by substantial evidence, they are “conclusive.” 42 U.S.C. § 405(g); see

Hartranft v. Apfel, 181 F.3d 358, 360 (3d Cir. 1999).

            To qualify for disability benefits, an applicant must demonstrate that she is

“unable to engage in any substantial gainful activity by reason of any medically

determinable physical or mental impairment which can be expected to result in death or

which has lasted or can be expected to last for a continuous period of not less than twelve

months.” 42 U.S.C. § 1382c(a)(3)(A). Further, the applicant’s physical or mental

impairments must be “of such severity that [s]he is not only unable to do [her] previous

work but cannot, considering [her] age, education, and work experience, engage in any

other kind of substantial gainful work which exists in the national economy . . . .” 42

U.S.C. § 1382c(a)(3)(B).

            A five-step, sequential evaluation is used to determine whether an applicant

is disabled. 20 C.F.R. § 404.1520. The Commissioner must determine: (1) whether the

applicant has engaged in substantial gainful activity since the alleged disability onset

date; (2) whether the applicant has a severe impairment or combination of impairments;

                                             3
(3) whether the impairment or combination of impairments meets the criteria of a listed

impairment; (4) whether, despite the severe impairment, the applicant retains the residual

functional capacity (“RFC”) 2 to perform her past relevant work; and (5) whether the

applicant is capable of performing other jobs that exist in the national economy,

considering her age, education, work experience, and RFC. § 404.1520(a)(4); Poulos v.

Comm'r, 474 F.3d 88, 91-92 (3d Cir. 2007).

              Only the fifth step is at issue here, where the ALJ determined that Robinson

had the RFC to perform sedentary work. 3 The ALJ further determined that, prior to July

28, 2010, there were jobs that existed in significant numbers in the national economy that

Robinson could have performed. Accordingly, the ALJ concluded that Robinson was not

under a disability prior to July 28, 2010.

                                             III.

              In her motion for summary judgment, Robinson sought remand and/or an

award of benefits on four grounds, including that the Commissioner erred as a matter of

2
    The term “RFC” addresses what a claimant can still do despite her limitations.

§ 404.1545(a)(1). It is assessed using all relevant evidence from the record, including
statements from medical sources and a claimant’s own description of limitations.

§ 404.1545(a)(3).
3
  In determining the physical exertion requirements of work in the national economy, jobs
are classified as sedentary, light, medium, heavy, and very heavy. “Sedentary work
involves lifting no more than 10 pounds at a time and occasionally lifting or carrying
articles like docket files, ledgers, and small tools.” § 404.1567(a).




                                              4
law in failing to accord adequate weight to the opinion and assessment of her long-time

treating physician, Dr. Ronald Goodman. 4 Robinson’s arguments had been previously

raised in a prior case she brought seeking disability insurance benefits. Robinson-Jones

v. Astrue, Civil Action No. 10-00588 (D. Del. Mar. 28, 2012). In that case, the District

Court entered judgment in favor of the Commissioner and against Robinson, and she did

not appeal. Of the four claims made in her motion for summary judgment, Robinson has

only raised her “adequate weight” argument in her current appeal. This Court agrees

with the District Court that the principles of res judicata apply to Robinson’s claim, and

we decline to readdress the issue. See Stauffer v. Califano, 693 F.2d 306, 307 (3d Cir.

1982); 20 C.F.R. §§ 404.957(c)(1), 416.1457(c)(1).

            The District Court also addressed a fifth argument raised by Robinson in her

opposition to the Commissioner’s motion for summary judgment: that substantial

evidence did not support the ALJ’s finding that she had the RFC to perform sedentary

work prior to July 2010. A liberal reading of her appeal to this Court also raises a

challenge to the ALJ’s RFC determination. Accordingly, we will address this argument.

            The District Court conducted a comprehensive analysis of the medical

evidence, and correctly determined that the ALJ’s RFC assessment was supported by

substantial evidence. The RFC assessment is consistent with the advice of Dr. Kennedy


4
  Robinson also asserted that the Commissioner (1) relied upon a hypothetical question
that was deficient as a matter of law and not supported by substantial evidence; (2) erred
in failing to resolve the conflicts between the vocational expert testimony and the
Dictionary of Occupational Titles; and (3) failed to sustain his burden of establishing that
there is other work in the national economy that she can perform.

                                             5
Yalamanchili, a surgeon who performed Robinson’s cervical discectomy and fusion in

March 2009, and who advised her only to avoid heavy lifting and repetitive above-the-

shoulder activity. It is also consistent with a state agency physician who reviewed

Robinson’s claim for benefits in January 2009. Regarding Robinson’s alleged mental

impairments, the District Court properly noted that the ALJ was not required to accept

the assessment of Ms. Nancy Ball, a licensed clinical social worker. See 20 C.F.R. §§

404.1513(a), 416.913(a); cf. Hartranft, 181 F.3d at 361 (a chiropractor's opinion is not an

acceptable medical source entitled to controlling weight). The District Court also noted

that two state agency psychologist who reviewed Robinson’s claim for benefits in 2009

opined that she did not have a severe mental impairment. Accordingly, we agree with the

District Court that the ALJ’s determination is supported by substantial evidence. See

Fargnoli, 247 F.3d at 38.

            For these reasons, and in light of our overall examination of the record, we

will affirm the judgment of the District Court.




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