                                                                               FILED
                            NOT FOR PUBLICATION
                                                                                FEB 10 2020
                    UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS                          MOLLY C. DWYER, CLERK
                                                                              U.S. COURT OF APPEALS


                            FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT


PRETTY IN PLASTIC, INC.,                           No.    19-55278

              Plaintiff-Appellant,                 D.C. No.
                                                   2:18-cv-06091-GW-SK
 v.

MARYELLIS BUNN; 1AND8, INC.,                       MEMORANDUM*
DBA Museum of Ice Cream,

              Defendants-Appellees.


                    Appeal from the United States District Court
                       for the Central District of California
                     George H. Wu, District Judge, Presiding

                            Submitted February 6, 2020**
                               Pasadena, California

Before: THOMAS, Chief Judge, and WARDLAW and NGUYEN, Circuit Judges.

      Plaintiff Pretty in Plastic, Inc. (PIP) appeals the district court’s grant of

defendants Maryellis Bunn and 1AND8, Inc.’s Federal Rule of Civil Procedure

12(b)(6) motion to dismiss PIP’s copyright infringement action. Because the

      *
             This disposition is not appropriate for publication and is not precedent
except as provided by Ninth Circuit Rule 36-3.
      **
             The panel unanimously concludes this case is suitable for decision
without oral argument. See Fed. R. App. P. 34(a)(2).
parties are familiar with the facts, we do not recount them here. We have

jurisdiction pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1291 and we affirm.

      We review de novo the grant of a Rule 12(b)(6) motion to dismiss as well as

legal determinations, such as the appropriate scope of copyright protection.

Rentmeester v. Nike, Inc., 883 F.3d 1111, 1116 (9th Cir. 2018). We review for

abuse of discretion a district court’s dismissal without leave to amend. Id. at 1125.

      To state a claim for copyright infringement, PIP must plausibly allege: (1)

that it owns a valid copyright in the Design Proposal, and (2) that defendants

copied protected aspects of PIP’s expression. Id. at 1116–17. “[T]he second

element has two distinct components: ‘copying’ and ‘unlawful appropriation.’” Id.

at 1117 (quoting Sid & Marty Krofft Television Prods., Inc. v. McDonald’s Corp.,

562 F.2d 1157, 1164–65 (9th Cir. 1977)). To prove unlawful appropriation, PIP

must show that “the similarities between the two works [are] substantial and . . .

involve protected elements of [its] work.” Id. (internal quotations omitted). This

involves a two-part analysis consisting of an “extrinsic test” and an “intrinsic test.”

Id. at 1118. PIP must satisfy both, but “[o]nly the extrinsic test’s application may

be decided by the court as a matter of law.” Id.

      The district court properly concluded that the unicorn depiction over which

PIP asserted copyright protection did not contain the “quantum of originality


                                           2
needed to merit copyright protection,” because it depicts a unicorn as the mythical

creature is often portrayed. See Satava v. Lowry, 323 F.3d 805, 811 (9th Cir.

2003). The district court further properly concluded that, even if there were certain

copyrightable elements of PIP’s design, the copyright protection would be “thin,”

meaning that protection would be afforded “against only virtually identical

copying.” Id. at 812. Given that the copyright protection here was—at

best—“thin,” and that there are notable differences between the unicorn and

rainbow elements in the Design Proposal and those in the Rainbow Room, the

district court did not err in concluding that there was no infringement as a matter of

law. The record supports the conclusion that there were “disparities that no

ordinary observer of the two works would be disposed to overlook.” Rentmeester,

883 F.3d at 1122.

      The district court did not err by dismissing the case with prejudice because

any further amendment to PIP’s complaint would be futile. Copyright

infringement is not ordinarily resolved on the pleadings, and judgment as a matter

of law on questions of substantial similarity is “not highly favored.” L.A. Printex

Indus. Inc. v. Aeropostale, Inc., 676 F.3d 841, 848 (9th Cir. 2012) (quoting Shaw v.

Lindheim, 919 F.2d 1353, 1355 (9th Cir. 1990)). However, this case presents a

rare exception because “no reasonable juror” could find that “substantial similarity


                                          3
of ideas and expression” exists between the two works. Funky Films, Inc. v. Time

Warner Entm’t Co., L.P., 462 F.3d 1072, 1076 (9th Cir. 2006) (quoting Kouf v.

Walt Disney Pictures & Television, 16 F.3d 1042, 1045 (9th Cir. 1994)).

Therefore, the district court did not err in concluding that further amendment

would be futile. See Leadsinger, Inc. v. BMG Music Publ’g, 512 F.3d 522, 532

(9th Cir. 2008).

      AFFIRMED.




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