          Case: 17-13698   Date Filed: 04/05/2018   Page: 1 of 4


                                                       [DO NOT PUBLISH]



           IN THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS

                     FOR THE ELEVENTH CIRCUIT
                       ________________________

                            No. 17-13698
                        Non-Argument Calendar
                      ________________________

               D.C. Docket No. 6:17-cv-01280-RBD-GJK



JAMES F. LAPINSKI,
PATRICIA LAPINSKI,

                                                         Plaintiffs-Appellants,

                                 versus

ANDREW LEECH,
PAMELA DECORAH,
SANDRA C. UPCHURCH,
CENTERSTATE BANK OF FLORIDA, N.A.,
STEVE MESSINGER, et al.,

                                                       Defendants-Appellees.

                      ________________________

              Appeal from the United States District Court
                  for the Middle District of Florida
                    ________________________

                            (April 5, 2018)
                Case: 17-13698        Date Filed: 04/05/2018       Page: 2 of 4


Before TJOFLAT, JULIE CARNES and HULL, Circuit Judges.

PER CURIAM:

       Proceeding pro se, James Francis Lapinski and Patricia Lapinski appeal the

District Court’s dismissal of their case against numerous defendants for violations

of the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act (“RICO”), 18 U.S.C.

§ 1962(c), the Fair Debt Collection Practices Act (“FDCPA”), 15 U.S.C. § 1692e,

and several other federal statutes. The Court dismissed the Lapinskis’ third

amended complaint, without leave to amend, as barred by the Rooker-Feldman 1

doctrine and, in the alternative, for failure to state a claim. On appeal, the

Lapinskis argue that the Court erred in both respects: first, the Rooker-Feldman

doctrine does not apply to their RICO or FDCPA claims, which were not asserted

in their prior state court action; second, their pleadings include adequate factual

support to state their claims. We affirm the District Court’s decision on its latter

ground and therefore need not address its Rooker-Feldman determination.

       We generally review de novo the sua sponte dismissal of an action for

failure to state a claim. Roberts v. Gordy, 877 F.3d 1024, 1026 (11th Cir. 2017). 2

An abuse-of-discretion standard applies to a district court’s denial of leave to

       1
       Rooker v. Fid. Tr. Co., 263 U.S. 413, 44 S. Ct. 149 (1923); D.C. Court of Appeals v.
Feldman, 460 U.S. 462, 103 S. Ct. 1303 (1983).
       2
         Although there might be instances where de novo review of a district court’s sua sponte
dismissal of a complaint for failure to state a claim is improper, see Am. United Life Ins. Co. v.
Martinez, 480 F.3d 1043, 1057 (11th Cir. 2007) (discussing such instances), de novo review is
proper in this case.
                                                2
               Case: 17-13698      Date Filed: 04/05/2018     Page: 3 of 4


amend. Garfield v. NDC Health Corp., 466 F.3d 1255, 1270 (11th Cir. 2006).

Although we liberally construe briefs filed by pro se litigants, issues not briefed on

appeal by a pro se litigant are deemed abandoned. Timson v. Sampson, 518 F.3d

870, 874 (11th Cir. 2008).

      To satisfy the pleading standard, a complaint must contain sufficient factual

matter, accepted as true, to state a claim to relief that is plausible on its face.

Ashcroft v. Iqbal, 556 U.S. 662, 678, 129 S. Ct. 1937, 1949 (2009). Bare recitals

of the elements of a cause of action, supported by mere conclusory statements, do

not suffice. Id. Rather, factual allegations must raise a right to relief above the

speculative level. Bell Atl. Corp. v. Twombly, 550 U.S. 544, 555, 127 S. Ct. 1955,

1965 (2007).

      After careful review, we, like the District Court, cannot make out an

adequately pleaded claim for relief from the Lapinskis’ operative complaint, which

is fraught with legal conclusions and devoid of nonspeculative factual allegations.

Further, although the complaint mentions in passing several federal statutes which

Appellees allegedly violated, it appears to center on FDCPA and civil RICO

claims. Indeed, the Lapinskis’ appellate brief mentions only these two statutes.

Their complaint, however, fails to allege facts necessary to state a claim under

either statute. As to the Lapinskis’ RICO claim, they fail to allege or give facts

supporting, among other elements, the existence of an “enterprise” or at least two


                                            3
                Case: 17-13698       Date Filed: 04/05/2018      Page: 4 of 4


requisite “racketeering” activities. See Ray v. Spirit Airlines, Inc., 836 F.3d 1340,

1348 (11th Cir. 2016). And as to their FDCPA claim, they do not plead facts

showing that any Appellee is a “debt collector” within the meaning of the statute,

an element necessary to such a claim. See Reese v. Ellis, Painter, Ratterree &

Adams, LLP, 678 F.3d 1211, 1216 (11th Cir. 2012); 15 U.S.C. § 1692a(6). The

District Court did not err in dismissing the Lapinskis’ third amended complaint,

without leave to amend,3 for failure to state a claim.

       AFFIRMED.




       3
         See Bryant v. Dupree, 252 F.3d 1161, 1163 (11th Cir. 2001) (holding that a district
court need not allow an amendment where there has been a repeated failure to cure deficiencies
by amendments previously allowed).
                                               4
