     In the United States Court of Federal Claims
                                    OFFICE OF SPECIAL MASTERS
                                        (Filed: March 27, 2020)


* * * * * * * * * * * * * *
BARBARA SHEETS,            *                                      UNPUBLISHED
                           *                                      No. 16-1173V
         Petitioner,       *
                           *                                      Special Master Dorsey
v.                         *
                           *                                      Attorneys’ Fees and Costs
                           *
SECRETARY OF HEALTH        *
AND HUMAN SERVICES,        *
                           *
         Respondent.       *
* * * * * * * * * * * * * *

Leah V. Durant, Law Offices of Leah V. Durant, PLLC, Washington, D.C., for petitioner.
Julia M. Collison, U.S. Department of Justice, Washington, D.C., for respondent.

                           DECISION ON ATTORNEYS’ FEES AND COSTS1

        On September 20, 2016, Barbara Sheets (“petitioner”) filed a petition for compensation
under the National Vaccine Injury Compensation Program, 42 U.S.C. §300aa-10, et seq.,2
(“Vaccine Act”). Petitioner alleged that she developed Rippling Muscle Disease after receipt of
the influenza and tetanus vaccines on December 23, 2013, and/or that an underlying autoimmune
condition was significantly aggravated by these vaccines. On April 30, 2019, the previously
assigned special master issued his Entitlement Decision, denying compensation.3


1
  This Decision will be posted on the website of the United States Court of Federal Claims' website, in accordance
with the E-Government Act of 2002. 44 U.S.C. § 3501 note (2012). This means the Decision will be available to
anyone with access to the internet. As provided by 44 U.S.C. § 300aa-12(d)(4)B), however, the parties may object
to the published Decision’s inclusion of certain kinds of confidential information. Specifically, Under Vaccine Rule
18(b), each party has 14 days within which to request redaction “of any information furnished by that party: (1) that
is a trade secret or commercial or financial in substance and is privileged or confidential; or (2) that includes medical
filed or similar files, the disclosure of which would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of privacy.” Vaccine
Rule 18(b). Otherwise the whole decision will be available to the public in its current form. Id.
2
  The National Vaccine Injury Compensation Program is set forth in Part 2 of the National Childhood Vaccine
Injury Act of 1986, Pub. L. No. 99-660, 100 Stat. 3755, codified as amended, 42 U.S.C. §§ 300aa-1 to -34 (2012)
(“Vaccine Act” or “the Act). All citations in this decision to individual sections of the Vaccine Act are to 42 U.S.C.
§§ 300aa.
3
    On October 7, 2019, this case was reassigned to the undersigned for resolution of attorneys’ fees and costs.
        On November 27, 2019, petitioner filed an application for attorneys’ fees and costs.
Motion for Attorney Fees and Costs (ECF No. 40). Petitioner requests compensation in the
amount of $102,783.19, representing $87,678.30 in attorneys’ fees and $15,104.89 in costs. Fees
App. at 1. Pursuant to General Order No. 9, petitioner warrants that she has not personally
incurred any costs in pursuit of her claim for compensation. Id. Respondent filed his response on
December 5, 2019 indicating that he “defers to the court regarding whether the statutory
requirements for an award of attorneys’ fees and costs are met in this case.” Response, ECF No.
41, at 2. Petitioner filed a reply on December 12, 2019, reiterating her belief that the requested
amount of fees and costs is reasonable. Reply at 2, ECF No. 43. The matter is now ripe for
disposition.

       For the reasons discussed below, the undersigned GRANTS petitioner’s motion and
awards a total of $98,399.27.

           I.      Discussion

        Under the Vaccine Act, the special master shall award reasonable attorneys’ fees and
costs for any petition that results in an award of compensation. 42 U.S.C. § 300aa-15(e)(1).
When compensation is not awarded, the special master “may” award reasonable attorneys’ fees
and costs “if the special master or court determines that the petition was brought in good faith
and there was a reasonable basis for the claim for which the petition was brought.” Id. at
§15(e)(1). In this case, although petitioner was denied compensation, the undersigned finds
that both good faith and reasonable basis exist. Accordingly, a final award of attorneys’ fees
and costs is proper.

                      a. Reasonable Attorneys’ Fees

         The Federal Circuit has approved use of the lodestar approach to determine reasonable
attorney’s fees and costs under the Vaccine Act. Avera v. Sec’y of Health & Human Servs., 515
F.3d 1343, 1349 (Fed. Cir. 2008). Using the lodestar approach, a court first determines “an
initial estimate of a reasonable attorney’s fee by ‘multiplying the number of hours reasonably
expended on the litigation times a reasonable hourly rate.’” Id. at 1347-58 (quoting Blum v.
Stenson, 465 U.S. 886, 888 (1984)). Then, the court may make an upward or downward
departure from the initial calculation of the fee award based on other specific findings. Id. at
1348.

        Counsel must submit fee requests that include contemporaneous and specific billing
records indicating the service performed, the number of hours expended on the service, and the
name of the person performing the service. See Savin v. Sec’y of Health and Human Servs., 85
Fed. Cl. 313, 316-18 (2008). Counsel should not include in their fee requests hours that are
“excessive, redundant, or otherwise unnecessary.” Saxton v. Sec’y of Health and Human Servs.,
3 F.3d 1517, 1521 (Fed. Cir. 1993) (quoting Hensley v. Eckerhart, 461 U.S. 424, 434 (1983)). It
is “well within the special master’s discretion to reduce the hours to a number that, in [her]
experience and judgment, [is] reasonable for the work done.” Id. at 1522. Furthermore, the
special master may reduce a fee request sua sponte, apart from objections raised by respondent

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and without providing a petitioner notice and opportunity to respond. See Sabella v. Sec’y of
Health & Human Servs., 86 Fed. Cl. 201, 209 (2009).

        A special master need not engage in a line-by-line analysis of a petitioner’s fee
application when reducing fees. Broekelschen v. Sec’y of Health & Human Servs., 102 Fed. Cl.
719, 729 (2011). Special masters may rely on their experience with the Vaccine Program and its
attorneys to determine the reasonable number of hours expended. Wasson v. Sec’y of Health
and Human Servs., 24 Cl. Ct. 482, 484 (Fed. Cl. Nov. 19, 1991) rev’d on other grounds and aff’d
in relevant part, 988 F. 2d 131 (Fed. Cir. 1993). Just as “[t]rial courts routinely use their prior
experience to reduce hourly rates and the number of hours clamed in attorney fee requests …
[v]accine program special masters are also entitled to use their prior experience in reviewing fee
application.” Saxton, 3 F. 3d at 1521.

                                           i. Reasonable Hourly Rates

       Petitioner requests the following hourly rates for the work of her counsel, Ms. Leah
Durant: $350.00 per hour for work performed in 2015 and 2016, $365.00 per hour for work
performed from 2017, $377.00 per hour for work performed in 2018, and $380.00 per hour for
work performed in 2019. These rates are consistent with what the undersigned has previously
awarded Ms. Durant and the undersigned shall award them herein.

                                        ii.       Reasonable Hours Expended

        In reducing an award of fees, the goal is to achieve rough justice, and therefore a special
master may take into account their overall sense of a case and may use estimates when reducing
an award. See Florence v. Sec’y of Health & Human Servs., No. 15-255V, 2016 WL 6459592, at
*5 (Fed. Cl. Spec. Mstr. Oct. 6, 2016) (citing Fox v. Vice, 563 U.S. 826, 838 (2011). It is well
established that an application for fees and costs must sufficiently detail and explain the time
billed so that a special master may determine, from the application and the case file, whether the
amount requested is reasonable. Bell v. Sec'y of Health & Human Servs., 18 Cl. Ct. 751, 760
(1989); Rodriguez, 2009 WL 2568468. Petitioner bears the burden of documenting the fees and
costs claimed. Id. at *8.

        The undersigned has reviewed the submitted billing entries and finds that reduction to the
hours billed is warranted due to persistent vagueness in the billing entries. Illustrative entries of
this issue include: 1.5 hours on 7/27/16 to “Draft and issue detailed correspondence (letter) to Dr.
Albano-Aluquin; 1.5 hours on 10.24/17 to “Issue correspondence to expert (John Rinker).
Update client file”; 3.5 hours on 5/7/18 to “Conduct legal research”; 2.5 hours on 6/11/18 to
“Coordinate with medical expert. Devise legal strategy”; 1.5 hours on 7/30/18 to “Coordinate
with medial expert. Update case file”. See generally Fees App. Ex. 1.4 The issue is that the
vagueness of these entries does not allow the undersigned to determine whether the time billed is
reasonable. Expending 3.5 hours on legal research could be reasonable, but the entry does not

4
 Such examples are merely illustrative of the issue and do not constitute an exhaustive list of all occurrences of
vague billing.
                                                           3
describe what legal issues are being researched, or what the purpose of that research is.
Expending 1.5 hours on preparing correspondence strikes the undersigned as excessive, but it
could be reasonable depending on the purpose of the correspondence and the issues discussed.
From the descriptions provided in several entries, however, the undersigned cannot assess the
reasonableness of the work performed.

        Accordingly, the undersigned shall reduce the final award of attorneys’ fees by five
percent, resulting in a reduction of $4,383.92. Petitioner is therefore awarded final attorneys’
fees of $83,294.38.

                       b. Attorneys’ Costs

       Petitioner requests a total of $15,104.89 in attorneys’ costs. This amount is comprised of
acquiring medical records, the Court’s filing fee, records review by Dr. Catherine Shaer, and
expert work performed by Dr. John Rinker. Fees App. Ex. 2 at 2. Dr. Shaer’s work in providing a
preliminary review of medical records to assess a claim’s feasibility in the Vaccine Program has
previously been found to be reasonable. Howard v. Sec’y of Health & Human Servs., No. 16-
894V, 2017 WL 4367159, at *3 (Fed. Cl. Spec. Mstr. Sept. 8, 2017). Additionally, the costs
incurred from the work of Dr. Rinker are reasonable in light of the work performed in the instant
case. Overall, the undersigned has reviewed the requested costs and finds them to be reasonable
and supported with appropriate documentation. Accordingly, the full amount of costs shall be
awarded.

           II.     Conclusion

        Based on all of the above, the undersigned finds that it is reasonable compensate
petitioner and her counsel as follows:

 Attorneys’ Fees Requested                                           $87,678.30
 (Total Reduction from Billing Hours)                               - ($4,383.92)
 Total Attorneys’ Fees Awarded                                       $83,294.38

 Attorneys’ Costs Requested                                          $15,104.89
 (Reduction of Costs)                                                     -
 Total Attorneys’ Costs Awarded                                      $15,104.89

 Total Attorneys’ Fees and Costs Awarded                             $98,399.27

Accordingly, the undersigned awards $98,399.27 in attorneys’ fees and costs, in the form of
a check payable jointly to petitioner and petitioner’s counsel, Ms. Leah Durant.




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       In the absence of a motion for review filed pursuant to RCFC Appendix B, the Clerk of
Court SHALL ENTER JUDGMENT in accordance with this decision.5

         IT IS SO ORDERED.

                                                               s/Nora Beth Dorsey
                                                               Nora Beth Dorsey
                                                               Special Master




5
  Pursuant to Vaccine Rule 11(a), entry of judgment can be expedited by the parties’ joint filing of notice renouncing
the right to seek review.
                                                          5
