                            STATE OF WEST VIRGINIA

                          SUPREME COURT OF APPEALS


Jon Fertal and Daniel Campbell,                                                  FILED
Plaintiffs Below, Petitioners                                                    May 17, 2013
                                                                            RORY L. PERRY II, CLERK
                                                                          SUPREME COURT OF APPEALS
vs) No. 12-0038 (Jefferson County 08-C-208)                                   OF WEST VIRGINIA



James P. Campbell, et al.,
Defendants Below, Respondent


                             MEMORANDUM DECISION
        Petitioners Jon Fertal and Daniel Campbell, by counsel Robert J. Schiavoni and David M.
Hammer, appeal the December 6, 2011, order of the Circuit Court of Jefferson County, granting
summary judgment in favor of all remaining defendants below. Respondent Steven D. Foster,
pro se, filed a response. Respondent Andrew Richardson, by counsel Charles R. Bailey, filed a
response. Respondents James P. Campbell, pro se,1 and Campbell Flannery, PC, by counsel,
James M. Pierson, filed a joint response. Petitioners filed a reply.

       This Court has considered the parties’ briefs and the record on appeal. The facts and legal
arguments are adequately presented, and the decisional process would not be significantly aided
by oral argument. Upon consideration of the standard of review, the briefs, and the record
presented, the Court finds no substantial question of law and no prejudicial error. For these
reasons, a memorandum decision is appropriate under Rule 21 of the Rules of Appellate
Procedure.

        Petitioners entered into an Operating Agreement with Liberty Street Enterprises, LLC,
(“LSE”) in June of 2007, agreeing to manage a restaurant, known as “CW Tiffins,” located in
Charles Town, West Virginia. The restaurant opened for business in October of 2007. In April of
2008, petitioners were terminated from LSE and the restaurant closed. Thereafter, petitioners
filed a claim against respondents alleging violations of the West Virginia Wage Payment and
Collection Act, and fraud. Petitioners also alleged legal negligence as to Respondents James P.
Campbell and Campbell Miller Zimmerman, PC, now known as Campbell Flannery, PC. All
respondents filed separate motions to dismiss.

      By order entered October 20, 2011, the circuit court granted summary judgment in favor
of Campbell Miller Zimmerman, PC, now known as Campbell Flannery, PC. The court found, in
part:



       1
        Mr. Campbell is a member of the West Virginia State Bar and represented himself in
these proceedings.
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               The first cause of action on behalf of the plaintiffs alleges a violation of
       the Wage and Payment Act.
               The facts are however that at no time were these plaintiffs employees of
       the defendant law firm. At best, the plaintiffs were employed as ‘restaurant
       managers’ for Liberty Street Enterprises, LLC. See the Operating Agreement to
       which the plaintiffs are signatories.
               What is very questionable about the plaintiffs continuing to press this
       claim against the law firm, is that plaintiffs from within their deposition
       acknowledge that the restaurant enterprise was ‘their business to run.’ Yet the
       limited liability company charged with operating the restaurant was not named as
       a defendant. The limited liability company is a separate and distinct entity from
       this law firm.
               Since the plaintiffs were never employed by the law firm, summary
       judgment as a matter of law, in favor of the law firm is warranted.
               Count 2 of the plaintiffs’ amended complaint alleges a cause of action for
       legal negligence against the law firm.
               The facts are completely void of the establishment of any semblance of an
       attorney-client relationship between the plaintiffs and the law firm. Without the
       existence of this crucial first element, the claim shall proceed no further. Without
       the existence of this relationship, there is no duty due of the law firm to those who
       are not clients. The plaintiffs lack standing to proceed further with this claim.
               Finally no act of fraud was committed by the law firm to these plaintiffs.
       The plaintiffs have failed to put forth sworn facts against the law firm that meet
       the elements of the cause of action. Others may have lead the plaintiffs astray but
       not the law firm. [citations omitted].

        By order dated December 6, 2011, the circuit court granted summary judgment in favor
of all remaining defendants.2 This motion was granted following two status conferences which
addressed the motions for summary judgment. The circuit court granted summary judgment with
regard to the wage claim because petitioners failed to show proof of damages.3 Summary

       2
        In April of 2011, the circuit court announced its intention to grant summary judgment in
favor of Respondent Andrew N. Richardson. The circuit court entered that order on January 19,
2012.
       3
         An interrogatory requested information about the days, hours, and tasks performed when
petitioners allegedly worked for respondents. The answers identified only an 8-week period,
essentially May and June of 2007. Petitioners maintained that they were promised regular
salaries while they were working to start the business, before the restaurant opened to customers.
Petitioner Campbell asserted that he was entitled to be paid $1,500 every two weeks, which
totals $6,000. It was undisputed that Petitioner Campbell was in fact paid $14,250. Similarly,
Petitioner Fertal claimed that he was entitled to be paid $2,000 every two weeks, which totals
$8,000. It was undisputed that Petitioner Fertal was in fact paid $14,000.
        At depositions held in November of 2010, petitioners were asked whether their wage
claims extended beyond June 30, 2007. Each testified that they would supplement the
interrogatory answers but neither did before discovery in the case closed in February of 2011.
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judgment was granted with regard to the fraud claim because the testimony of Petitioner
Campbell4 “demonstrate[d] the absence of the element of detrimental reliance necessary to
support the claim of fraud[.]”

        Petitioners raise two grounds on appeal. Petitioners assert that they were not paid all
wages and expenses due to them as required by the West Virginia Wage Payment and Collection
Act. Petitioners also contend that the respondents colluded to defraud them by misrepresenting
and omitting material facts concerning the restaurant’s capitalization, renovation, lease
obligations, management structure, identities of investors, and financial obligations of those
investors.

        In response, Respondents Campbell and Campbell Flannery, PC, assert summary
judgment was appropriate. The only pleading filed by petitioners in opposition to the motions for
summary judgment was a two page document that did not address any of the material facts
identified in the motions. Furthermore, petitioners did not respond at all to the supplemental
motion for summary judgment. Petitioners do not identify any appealable issue in relation to the
law firm because the petition does not address why the circuit court committed error in granting
summary judgment in the order entered October 20, 2011. Finally, the petitioners improperly
reference more than a thousand pages of a record in a different case concerning the restaurant’s
capitalization that was not so much as mentioned in writing or in oral argument before the circuit
court.

        Respondent Andrew Richardson responds that petitioners did not preserve any appealable
issue below. The petition for appeal does not mention the January 19, 2012, order granting
summary judgment in favor of Respondent Richardson. In the summary judgment order, the
circuit court specifically found that there was no evidence of an employment relationship
between Respondent Richardson and petitioners. Furthermore, at their depositions, petitioners
each admitted that Respondent Richardson did not fraudulently induce them to do anything.

        In his response, Respondent Foster contends that summary judgment was appropriate
because there were no genuine issues of material fact. Respondent Foster also argues that the
petitioners raise assignments of error not resolved by the circuit court.

        On appeal, we review a summary judgment order under a de novo standard of review.
Syl. Pt. 1, Painter v. Peavy, 192 W.Va. 189, 451 S.E.2d 755 (1994). Summary judgment should
be granted when it is clear that there is no genuine issue of fact to be tried and inquiry



       4
        In August of 2011, respondents filed a supplemental memorandum in support of
summary judgment after Petitioner Campbell testified at trial in the case of Glen Poe v. James P.
Campbell, Campbell, Miller, Zimmerman, PC, Steven Foster, and Foster-Herz, Inc. Circuit
Court of Jefferson County, Case 08-C-223 (May 2011)(plaintiff, an investor of the restaurant,
brought suit claiming, among other things, common law fraud and misrepresentation, and breach
of a promissory note). Petitioner Campbell testified that no discussions concerning the restaurant
occurred before he and Petitioner Fertal moved from other states to Charles Town, as alleged in
the complaint.
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concerning the facts is not desirable to clarify the application of the law. Syl. Pt. 2, Id.; Syl. Pt. 3,
Aetna Casualty & Surety Co. v. Federal Insurance Co. of New York, 148 W.Va. 160, 133 S.E.2d
770 (1963).

        This Court has held that “the party opposing summary judgment must satisfy the burden
of proof by offering more than a mere ‘scintilla of evidence’ and must produce evidence
sufficient for a reasonable jury to find in a nonmoving party’s favor. Anderson [v. Liberty Lobby,
Inc.], 477 U.S. [242] at 252, 106 S.Ct. [2505] at 2512, 91 L.E.2d [202] at 214 [1986].” Williams
v. Precision Coil, Inc., 194 W.Va. 52, 60, 459 S.E.2d 329, 337 (1995).

        Petitioners now assert that the circuit court committed error in granting summary
judgment because the records of other litigation concerning the restaurant’s capitalization,
including documents in the bankruptcy proceedings, support their claims for unpaid wages and
fraud. In the opinion of this Court, however, that assertion is deprived of significance by
petitioners’ failure to raise those matters in the circuit court in their opposition to respondents’
motions for summary judgment. We therefore find that petitioners failed to preserve those issues
for appeal. This Court has repeatedly confirmed that it will not rule on issues not raised and
resolved in the lower court. See In re Michael Ray T., 206 W.Va. 434, 444, 525 S.E.2d 315, 325
(1999)(“a constant refrain of this Court is that we will not consider, for the first time on appeal, a
matter that has not been determined by the lower court from which the appeal has been taken.”).

        For the foregoing reasons, we affirm.

                                                                                              Affirmed.

ISSUED: May 17, 2013

CONCURRED IN BY:

Chief Justice Brent D. Benjamin
Justice Robin Jean Davis
Justice Margaret L. Workman
Justice Menis E. Ketchum
Justice Allen H. Loughry II




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