                                                       United States Court of Appeals
                                                                Fifth Circuit
                                                               F I L E D
               IN THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
                       FOR THE FIFTH CIRCUIT                   February 7, 2007

                                                            Charles R. Fulbruge III
                                                                    Clerk
                            No. 06-50859
                        Conference Calendar


UNITED STATES OF AMERICA,

                                      Plaintiff-Appellee,

versus

ERNESTO ANTONIO RODRIGUEZ-PANIAGUA,

                                      Defendant-Appellant.

                      --------------------
          Appeal from the United States District Court
               for the Western District of Texas
                    USDC No. 2:05-CR-950-ALL
                      --------------------

Before REAVLEY, JOLLY, and BENAVIDES, Circuit Judges.

PER CURIAM:*

     Appealing the Judgment in a Criminal Case, Ernesto Antonio

Rodriguez-Paniagua raises arguments that are foreclosed by

Almendarez-Torres v. United States, 523 U.S. 224, 235 (1998),

which held that 8 U.S.C. § 1326(b)(2) is a penalty provision and

not a separate criminal offense.   The Government’s motion for

summary affirmance is GRANTED, and the judgment of the district

court is AFFIRMED.




     *
       Pursuant to 5TH CIR. R. 47.5, the court has determined that
this opinion should not be published and is not precedent except
under the limited circumstances set forth in 5TH CIR. R. 47.5.4.
