     Case: 10-30246 Document: 00511490109 Page: 1 Date Filed: 05/26/2011




           IN THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
                    FOR THE FIFTH CIRCUIT  United States Court of Appeals
                                                    Fifth Circuit

                                                 FILED
                                                                            May 26, 2011
                                     No. 10-30246
                                   Summary Calendar                         Lyle W. Cayce
                                                                                 Clerk

RANDY MCDONALD,

                                                   Plaintiff–Appellant,

v.

BURL CAIN, Warden; STATE FIRE MARSHALL, Inspect Angola; JAMES M.
LEBLANC,

                                                   Defendants–Appellees.


                    Appeal from the United States District Court
                        for the Middle District of Louisiana
                              USDC No. 3:09-CV-850


Before WIENER, PRADO, and OWEN, Circuit Judges.
PER CURIAM:*
       Randy McDonald, Louisiana prisoner # 452858, appeals the district court’s
sua sponte dismissal of his 42 U.S.C. § 1983 civil rights complaint for failure to
exhaust administrative remedies pursuant to 42 U.S.C. § 1997e(a). McDonald
contends that the district court erred by sua sponte dismissing his complaint, as
the form upon which he filed his complaint did not permit him to provide details
regarding his allegations. He also argues that the district court erred by failing


       *
         Pursuant to 5TH CIR . R. 47.5, the court has determined that this opinion should not
be published and is not precedent except under the limited circumstances set forth in 5TH CIR .
R. 47.5.4.
     Case: 10-30246 Document: 00511490109 Page: 2 Date Filed: 05/26/2011

                                   No. 10-30246

to consider his allegation that he could not exhaust administrative remedies
regarding the instant claims due to the inadequacies in the prison
administrative review process and because his prior complaints and grievances
have been met with threats and retaliatory actions.
      The defendants did not make an appearance in the district court and,
although the Louisiana Department of Public Safety & Corrections was advised
by this court’s clerk’s office of the briefing schedule, the appellees did not file a
brief in this matter. This court reviews a district court’s dismissal for failure to
exhaust administrative remedies de novo. Powe v. Ennis, 177 F.3d 393, 394 (5th
Cir. 1999).   As the district court concluded, McDonald was required under
§ 1997e(a) of the Prison Litigation Reform Act (PLRA) to exhaust administrative
remedies before filing suit. See 42 U.S.C. § 1997e(a); Jones v. Bock, 549 U.S.
199, 202 (2007). “Proper exhaustion demands compliance with an agency’s
deadlines and other critical procedural rules because no adjudicative system can
function effectively without imposing some orderly structure on the course of its
proceedings.” Woodford v. Ngo, 548 U.S. 81, 90-91 (2006). In Jones, 549 U.S. at
216, the Supreme Court held that an inmate’s failure to exhaust is an
affirmative defense under the PLRA and that “inmates are not required to
specially plead or demonstrate exhaustion in their complaints.” Jones is a
departure from the practice of sua sponte dismissing a complaint for failure to
exhaust administrative remedies. Carbe v. Lappin, 492 F.3d 325, 328 (5th Cir.
2007).   The prohibition against requiring prisoners to affirmatively plead
exhaustion has been further interpreted by this court to encompass questions in
“form complaint[s]” issued by district courts that are designed to elicit
“information about [a prisoner’s] exhaustion of administrative remedies.” See
Torns v. Miss. Dep’t of Corrs., 301 F. App’x 386, 389 (5th Cir. 2008).
      Although Jones stated in his complaint that he had not exhausted the
instant claims, he provided reasons why he did not exhaust his claims both in
the complaint and in his objections to the magistrate judge’s report and

                                         2
    Case: 10-30246 Document: 00511490109 Page: 3 Date Filed: 05/26/2011

                                 No. 10-30246

recommendation, and he provided documents to support his allegations. While
the district court acknowledged the holding in Jones, the district court
nonetheless relied upon McDonald’s responses to the form complaint’s questions
to determine that McDonald’s proffered reason for failing to exhaust was a
conclusory statement that was insufficient to establish exhaustion. The district
court therefore erred in sua sponte dismissing McDonald’s complaint for failure
to exhaust. See Jones, 549 U.S. at 216; Carbe, 492 F.3d at 328; Torns, 301 F.
App’x at 389. The district court also did not make findings regarding Jones’s
allegations that his failure to pursue administrative relief should be excused.
It would be premature for this court to determine whether McDonald’s
allegations fall within an exception to the PLRA’s exhaustion requirement, or
whether an exception is available to McDonald. See Woodford, 548 U.S. at 103-
04 (B REYER, J., concurring); Johnson v. Ford, 261 F. App’x 752, 755 (5th Cir.
2008).
      We therefore VACATE and REMAND for service of the defendants and
subsequent proceedings.




                                       3
