                   IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF TENNESSEE
                                 AT KNOXVILLE
                       Assigned on Briefs, November 24, 2004

STATE OF TENNESSEE, DEPARTMENT OF CHILDREN’S SERVICES v.
  ABB, IN THE MATTER OF: LJB, Jr., d/o/b 12/05/1997 and EJB, d/o/b
             02/26/1999, Children Under 18 Years of Age

                 Direct Appeal from the Juvenile Court for Hamilton County
                  Nos. 188,611 and 188,612    Hon. Suzanne Bailey, Judge



                 No. E2004-01306-COA-R3-PT - FILED JANUARY 13, 2005




              In this action to terminate the parental rights of the mother, ABB, to LJB, Jr., and
EJB, the Juvenile Court ordered ABB’s rights terminated, and the mother has appealed. We affirm.


Tenn. R. App. P.3 Appeal as of Right; Judgment of the Juvenile Court Affirmed.


HERSCHEL PICKENS FRANKS , P.J., delivered the opinion of the court, in which CHARLES D. SUSANO,
JR., J., and D. MICHAEL SWINEY, J., joined.

Robert D. Bradshaw, Guardian ad Litem, Chattanooga, Tennessee

Michele L. Coffman, Chattanooga, Tennessee, for Appellant.

Paul G. Summers, Attorney General and Reporter, and
Juan G. Villasenor, Assistant Attorney General, Nashville, Tennessee, for Appellee.



                                             OPINION


                The mother has a long history of alcohol and drug abuse dating from her teenage
years. Initially, due to the mother’s addiction, she agreed with her sister to give custody of the two
children to the sister to care for them and with the concurrence of the Department of Children’s
Services, the sister was awarded legal custody of the children. On June 23, the parties agreed and
developed a permanency plan with identical requirements for both children. Under the plan, ABB
was required to take parenting classes at a DCS approved facility and provide proof of completion,
attend children’s counseling as requested by the treatment team, and participate in a DCS approved
money management program. Additionally, she was required to get individual counseling to address
domestic violence issues, pay child support in accordance with the child support laws, complete a
Council for Alcohol and Drug Abuse Services (CADAS) program, and follow its recommendations
which include AA and NA meetings.

               On December 22, 2003, the DCS filed a Petition to terminate the parental rights of
ABB, and her husband, LJB.1 The trial on this Petition was held on April 19, 2004 and May 3, 2004.
Following trial, the Juvenile Court entered Judgment terminating ABB’s parental rights to her
children. The Trial Court in its ruling said:

                 . . . The mother is either unwilling or unable to provide a stable, safe and suitable
                 home for the subject children,. . . . At the time of the petition, the mother again began
                 treatment for her drug addiction. . . . The mother failed to substantially comply with
                 her permanency plan responsibilities, or to otherwise remedy the conditions which
                 cause the children to remain in foster care.

                The Court also found the mother had abandoned her children by wilfully failing to
support the children or make reasonable payments toward their support, and the Court, in ruling that
defendant had failed to comply in a substantial manner with the permanency plan said:

                 . . . Specifically, Defendant failed to follow all recommendations made as a result of
                 her A&D assessment; failed to complete her treatment through CADAS, follow
                 recommendations of aftercare program including regular attendance at AA or NA
                 meetings; . . .

Further, the Court determined that there was clear and convincing evidence that it was in the
children’s best interest that the mother’s parental rights be terminated.

                The mother has appealed and argues there is no clear and convincing evidence that
warrants the termination of her parental rights under statutory abandonment or for failure to
substantially comply with the permanency plan. Finally, she argues there is no clear and convincing
evidence to support the finding that termination would be in the best interest of the children.

               The findings of the Trial Judge are accorded the presumption of correctness unless
the evidence preponderates against them. See Tenn. R. App. P. 13(d). Bogan v. Bogan, 60 S.W.3d
721-727 (Tenn. 2001). This Court’s review of questions of law is conducted under a de novo
standard of review, with no deference to the conclusions of law made by the lower court. Southern
Constructors, Inc., v. Loudon County Bd. Of Education, 58 S.W.3d 706-710 (Tenn. 2001).

       1
           The parental rights of the father were terminated, and he is not a party to this appeal.

                                                   -2-
                A parent’s rights may be terminated based upon several statutory grounds set forth
in Tenn. Code Ann. § 36-1-113, and the Juvenile Court is required to find clear and convincing
evidence that a statutory ground for termination has been satisfied in order to terminate the parent’s
rights. Id. Clear and convincing evidence supporting any single ground will support a termination
order. See, In re: Valentine, 79 S.W.3d 539-546 (Tenn. 2002).

                The mother argues the record shows that she has remedied the circumstances that
caused her children to be removed from her custody. She testified that she had provided two clean
drug screens and had enrolled in a program to help her learn to better handle her finances, and was
regularly visiting with her children. She admitted to having a relapse on November 2, 2003, but has
obtained support for her drug addiction through Alcoholics Anonymous, which she testified she
attends regularly. She further testified that by the time of the hearing she had completed her anger
management and financial management counselings, parental assessment parenting classes, and had
procured an apartment adequate for her and the children and was currently employed.

               DCS conceded that after the Petition to Terminate Parental Rights was filed, the
mother had complied with some of the requirements of the permanency plan, but argued that ABB’s
efforts came “too little, too late” to constitute substantial compliance.

                 We find from our review of the evidence that there is clear and convincing evidence
to support the Trial Court’s finding that the mother failed to substantially comply with the
permanency plan. The key factor establishing substantial non-compliance is her failure to complete
the CADAS program. She was admitted to the CADAS program on December 8, 2003, and was
seeking to get into the Family Way Program, which is one of CADAS’s halfway houses, whose
mission is helping women who have substance abuse problems to regain custody of their children.
The assistant manager of the facility testified that the mother “started off very positively and was
very interested in going into the Family Way Program”. But soon, the witness testified, she noticed
the mother’s motivation began to wain and the mother said on several occasions that she wasn’t sure
that she wanted to enter the program, and she inevitably dropped out of the program. The witness
testified that had the mother’s motivation continued, she would have been able to move into one of
their apartments with her children within a short period of time, and the program had no
requirements that would have prevented her from coming into the program. In our view, this was
an essential requirement of the permanency plan, and had the mother continued successfully, she
could have demonstrated that she could properly care for her handicapped children and thereby
regained custody.

               The record contains the report of a psychologist who performed a parenting
assessment on February 11 and March 24, 2004. The psychologist reported that the mother was
poly-substance dependent and he diagnosed the mother as suffering from recurrent major depression,
and made recommendations for treatment. He cautioned that she would have to be continuously
monitored, and be under the care of a treating professional “over a period of time before
consideration of her regaining custody of her children”. He concluded that the mother’s becoming
“financially and environmentally stable will be very important”.


                                                 -3-
              We conclude that the mother’s refusal to remain in the CADAS program whereby she
could have regained custody of her children in a controlled environment, clearly supports the Trial
Court’s conclusion that there was clear and convincing evidence of substantial non-compliance with
the permanency plan, which standing alone, is an adequate basis to terminate the mother’s parental
rights.

               The Trial Court, in concluding that it was in the best interest of the children to
terminate the mother’s parental rights, observed:

                       But we’ve got children who have such special needs that they have to have
                somebody who’s there one hundred percent, somebody who doesn’t have the
                struggles that you have, who’s likely to face this, seeing them again, relapse again.
                They’ve got to have somebody there all the time with them.

                        With your history of being manic depressive; with the medications you’ve
                had, your history of being in Moccasin Bend, your history of this drug addiction, all
                the struggles that you have right now, I cannot find it’s in the best interest of these
                children for your rights not to be terminated.

The factors to be taken into account by the Trial Court are set forth in Tenn. Code Ann. § 36-1-
113(c)(2). When these factors are applied to the evidence in the record, it is clear that it is in the best
interest of the children to terminate the mother’s parental rights. The mother conceded in her
testimony that the children reside in a “good place” with her three sisters.

               The Judgment of the Juvenile Court is affirmed and the cause remanded to the
Juvenile Court. The costs on appeal are assessed to ABB.




                                                         ______________________________
                                                         HERSCHEL PICKENS FRANKS , P.J.




                                                   -4-
