                            NOT FOR PUBLICATION                              FILED
                     UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS                          MAR 13 2015
                                                                       MOLLY C. DWYER, CLERK
                                                                           U.S. COURT OF APPEALS
                            FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT


TAMSCO PROPERTIES, LLC; et al.,                  No. 13-15336

        Plaintiffs - Appellants,                 D.C. No. 2:09-cv-03086-GEB-EFB

  v.
                                                 MEMORANDUM*
LORAL LANGEMEIER and LIVE OUT
LOUD, INC.,

        Defendants - Appellees.

                    Appeal from the United States District Court
                        for the Eastern District of California
               Garland E. Burrell, Jr., Senior District Judge, Presiding

                             Submitted March 10, 2015**
                              San Francisco California

Before: McKEOWN, MURGUIA, and FRIEDLAND, Circuit Judges.

        Tamsco Properties, LLC; JKR Laser Investment, LLC; Surfer Beach, LLC;




   *
      This disposition is not appropriate for publication and is not precedent
except as provided by 9th Cir. R. 36-3.
   **
       The panel unanimously concludes this case is suitable for decision without
oral argument. See Fed. R. App. P. 34(a)(2).
and To Be Determined, LLC1 appeal from the district court’s orders compelling

arbitration and denying a motion for reconsideration.

       Individuals affiliated with Appellants attended conferences held by

Appellees Loral Langemeier and Live Out Loud, Inc. (“LOL”). All conference

attendees, including the individuals affiliated with Appellants, were required to

sign an agreement that contained an arbitration clause.

       Appellants allege that, in reliance on information presented at the

conferences, they made investments that resulted in financial losses. Appellants

brought suit against Langemeier and LOL alleging fraud, violation of section 3372

of the California Civil Code, breach of fiduciary duty, violation of federal and state

securities laws, and violation of California’s Unfair Competition Law.

       We review de novo district court decisions about the arbitrability of claims.

Kramer v. Toyota Motor Corp., 705 F.3d 1122, 1126 (9th Cir. 2013). We review a

district court’s denial of a motion for reconsideration for abuse of discretion.

Smith v. Clark Cnty. Sch. Dist., 727 F.3d 950, 954 (9th Cir. 2013). Applying these



   1
     To Be Determined, LLC is the name that appears in the complaint, but
documents presented to the district court indicate that the correct name is Be
Determined, LLC.

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standards, we affirm.

      Appellants argue that the district court erred by compelling them to arbitrate

their claims against Langemeier and LOL. In general, only a party to an arbitration

agreement can be compelled to arbitrate. See Kramer, 705 F.3d at 1126. We have,

however, recognized various exceptions to this rule grounded in state contract

principles. See Comer v. Micor, Inc., 436 F.3d 1098, 1101 (9th Cir. 2006)

(“Among these principles are 1) incorporation by reference; 2) assumption;

3) agency; 4) veil-piercing/alter ego; and 5) estoppel.” (internal quotation marks

omitted)). Under California law, when a nonsignatory and one of the parties to an

arbitration agreement have an agency relationship, the arbitration agreement may

be enforced against the nonsignatory. See Nguyen v. Tran, 68 Cal. Rptr. 3d 906,

909 (Ct. App. 2007); Berman v. Dean Witter & Co., Inc., 119 Cal. Rptr. 130, 133

(Ct. App. 1975).

      In their responses to the requests for admission, Appellants admitted that the

affiliated individuals who attended the conferences did so on their behalf. Because

of these binding admissions, the individuals who attended must be treated as

having done so as Appellants’ agents. See Thomas v. Westlake, 139 Cal. Rptr. 3d

114, 120-21 (Ct. App. 2012). The district court was therefore correct in

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compelling Appellants to arbitrate their claims.

      Appellants also argue that the district court erred by characterizing their

motion alleging fraud on the court as a motion for reconsideration. If the motion is

construed as a motion for reconsideration, it was properly denied for failure to

introduce any new evidence, show that the district court committed clear error, or

identify an intervening change in controlling law. See Smith, 727 F.3d at 955. The

motion was also properly denied if it is construed as a motion alleging fraud on the

court, because Appellants’ unsubstantiated suspicions do not constitute clear and

convincing evidence of fraud. See United States v. Estate of Stonehill, 660 F.3d

415, 443-44 (9th Cir. 2011).

      AFFIRMED.




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