[Cite as PrimeLending, A PlainsCapital Co. v. Milhoan, 2020-Ohio-3703.]


                                       COURT OF APPEALS
                                     LICKING COUNTY, OHIO
                                   FIFTH APPELLATE DISTRICT



PRIMELENDING, A PLAINSCAPITAL                             JUDGES:
COMPANY                                                   Hon. William B. Hoffman, P. J.
                                                          Hon. John W. Wise, J.
        Plaintiff-Appellee                                Hon. Earle E. Wise, Jr., J.

-vs-                                                      Case No. 2019 CA 00115

DEBRA E. MILHOAN, ET AL.
                                                          OPINION
        Defendants-Appellants




CHARACTER OF PROCEEDING:                              Criminal Appeal from the Court of Common
                                                      Pleas, Case No. 2019 CV 00781


JUDGMENT:                                            Dismissed



DATE OF JUDGMENT ENTRY:                              July 14, 2020



APPEARANCES:

For Plaintiff-Appellee                                For Defendants-Appellants

RICK D. DEBLASIS                                     BRYAN D. THOMAS
WILLIAM P. LEAMAN                                    THE LAW OFFICES OF
LERNER, SAMPSON & ROTHFUSS                           BRYAN D. THOMAS, LLC
120 East Fourth Street, Suite 800                    490 City Park Avenue
Cincinnati, Ohio 45202                               Columbus, Ohio 43215
«Court» County, Case No. «Case_No»                                                    2


Wise, John, J.

      {¶1}   Defendant-Appellant Debra E. Milhoan appeals the October 8, 2019,

decision of the Licking County Common Pleas Court denying her Civ.R. 60(B) motion to

vacate default judgment entered in favor of Appellee PrimeLending.

                      STATEMENT OF THE CASE AND FACTS

      {¶2}   The relevant facts and procedural history are as follows:

      {¶3}   On July 30, 2019, Appellee PrimeLending, a PlainsCapital Company, filed

a Complaint in Foreclosure based on an alleged default under the terms of a certain note

and mortgage executed by Appellant Debra E. Milhoan and Roy E. Milhoan. The

mortgage encumbers real property located at 800 Whitehead Drive, Pataskala, Licking

County, Ohio. Mr. Milhoan passed away prior to the filing of the Complaint and was not

named as a defendant in the case.

      {¶4}   Service of process was completed on all defendants. The Return of Service

from the Licking County Sheriff states that the Sheriff's Deputy completed residence

service on Appellant on July 31, 2019, by leaving a copy of the summons and copy of the

Complaint at the mortgaged property with "Amber - Daughter-in-Law."

      {¶5}   Appellant did not respond to the Complaint.

      {¶6}   On September 4, 2019, Appellee PrimeLending filed a Motion for Default

Judgment against Appellant Debra E. Milhoan.

      {¶7}   On September 5, 2019, the trial court granted the motion for default

judgment.

      {¶8}   On September 19, 2019, Appellant filed a Motion to Vacate this Court's

September 5, 2019 Judgment Entry, Pursuant to Civ.R. 60(B). In said Motion and
Licking County, Case No. 2019 CA 00116                                                   3


supporting Affidavit, Appellant claimed that she did not have notice of the case and asked

that the trial court vacate the foreclosure judgment under Civ.R. 60(B)(1) and/or (5). In

her Affidavit, Appellant testified that Amber did not reside at Appellant's premises at the

time of the Motion to Vacate.

       {¶9}   On October 8, 2019, the trial court denied Appellant's Motion to Vacate,

finding "Defendant's motion recites a list of various foreclosure defenses, but does not

allege any operative facts to suggest any of these defenses apply in this case, nor does

her affidavit support any alleged defense."

       {¶10} On November 1, 2019, the mortgaged property was sold at Sheriff’s sale to

Hatfield Enterprises.

       {¶11} On November 4, 2019, Appellant filed a Notice of Appeal from the trial

court's order denying her Motion to Vacate.

       {¶12} On November 6, 2019, Appellant filed a "Motion to Stay any and all

Subsequent Foreclosure Proceedings and/or Confirmation of Sale until Resolution of

Appeal Currently Pending in the Fifth Appellate District". The Motion to Stay requested a

stay of all proceedings in the case, including the confirmation of the sale during her

appeal, and asked the trial court to waive the bond requirement. The trial court granted

Appellant's Motion to Stay, but conditioned the stay on the posting of a bond in the amount

of $25,000.00.

       {¶13} Appellant did not post the bond; nor did she challenge the amount of the

bond in the trial court or this Court.

       {¶14} On November 14, 2019, Appellant filed a Motion to Set Aside and/or Vacate

the Sheriff Sale on October 31, 2019.
Licking County, Case No. 2019 CA 00116                                               4


       {¶15} On December 17, 2019, the trial court held a hearing on the motion.

       {¶16} On December 18, 2019, the trial court denied the motion.

       {¶17} On February 6, 2020, the trial court confirmed the sale and ordered

distribution of the sale proceeds.

       {¶18} Appellant did not ask the trial court to stay the distribution of the sale

proceeds and did not appeal the confirmation entry.

       {¶19} Appellant raises the following assignments of error1 for review:

                                     ASSIGNMENTS OF ERROR

       {¶20} “I. THE TRIAL COURT ERRED BY FAILING TO VACATE ITS

SEPTEMBER 5, 2019 JUDGMENT ENTRY BASED ON CIV. R. 60(B)(1) AND/OR (5).

       {¶21} “II.   THE TRIAL COURT ERRED WHEN IT FAILED TO VACATE ITS

SEPTEMBER 5, 2019 JUDGMENT ENTRY PURSUANT TO THE TRIAL COURT'S

POLICY AND "LONGSTANDING PRACTICE" WITH RESPECT TO ADJUDICATING

MATTERS ON THEIR MERITS AS OPPOSED TO PROCEDURAL DEFECTS.

       {¶22} “III. THE TRIAL COURT ERRED WHEN IT FAILED TO VACATE ITS

SEPTEMBER 5, 2019 ENTRY, WHEN IT FOUND THAT DEFENDANT DID NOT

ASSERT MERITORIOUS DEFENSES.

       {¶23} “IV. THE TRIAL COURT ERRED WHEN IT FAILED TO VACATE ITS

SEPTEMBER 5, 2019 ENTRY, BECAUSE DEFENDANT WAS NOT AFFORDED AN

OPPORTUNITY TO RAISE HER VALID CLAIMS AND DEFENSES, INCLUDING, BUT



1We have taken Appellant’s Assignments of Error from the Table of Contents rather than
the Statement Regarding Assignments of Error as said Statement Regarding
Assignments of Error and the following Statement of Issues Presented for Review
reference “Huntington’s Motion for Summary Judgment” and appear to address an
entirely different case.
Licking County, Case No. 2019 CA 00116                                                      5


NOT LIMITED TO, THE VALIDITY OF THE MORTGAGE, THE APPRAISED VALUE OF

THE PROPERTY, PREDATORY LENDING PRACTICES, THE AMOUNT ALLEGEDLY

DUE AND OWING UNDER THE MORTGAGE, WHETHER PLAINTIFF VIOLATED THE

REAL     ESTATE      SETTLEMENT        PROCEDURES                ACT   AND/OR   FAlR   DEBT

COLLECTION PRACTICES ACT, ALLOCATION OF PAYMENTS, EQUITABLE

ESTOPPEL, BAD FAITH, AND/OR FRAUD.”

                                            I., II., III., IV.

       {¶24} Upon review of the record, we find that Appellant failed to obtain a stay of

execution after the trial court issued the decree in foreclosure, failed to request a stay of

the distribution of proceeds, and failed to appeal the confirmation entry. Appellant also

failed to post an appeal bond. While this appeal was pending, the property at issue was

sold at sheriff's sale, the trial court confirmed the sale, and the proceeds were distributed.

The judgment in this case has been satisfied.

       {¶25} As a result, we find this appeal to be moot.

       {¶26} “Mootness is a jurisdictional question because the Court "is not empowered

to decide moot questions or abstract propositions.” JPMorgan Chase Bank NA v. Hansen,

5th Dist. Delaware No. 18 CAE 11 0086, 2019-Ohio-4424; State v. Feister, 5th Dist.

Tuscarawas No. 2018 AP 01 0005, 2018-Ohio-2336, 2018 WL 3019219, ¶ 28 quoting

United States v. Alaska S.S. Co., 253 U.S. 113, 116, 40 S.Ct. 448, 449, 64 L.Ed. 808

(1920), quoting California v. San Pablo & Tulare R. Co., 149 U.S. 308, 314, 13 S.Ct. 876,

878, 37 L.Ed. 747 (1893); Accord, North Carolina v. Rice, 404 U.S. 244, 246, 92 S.Ct.

402, 30 L.Ed.2d 413 (1971). Because mootness is a jurisdictional question, the question
Licking County, Case No. 2019 CA 00116                                                      6


of mootness is one that must be addressed even if the parties do not raise it. North

Carolina v. Rice, 404 U.S. at 246, 92 S.Ct. 402, 30 L.Ed.2d 413.

       {¶27} Ohio courts have long exercised judicial restraint in cases that are not actual

controversies. Fortner v. Thomas, 22 Ohio St.2d 13, 14, 257 N.E.2d 371, 372 (1970). No

actual controversy exists where a case has been rendered moot by an outside event. “It

is not the duty of the court to answer moot questions, and when, pending proceedings in

error in this court, an event occurs without the fault of either party, which renders it

impossible for the court to grant any relief, it will dismiss the petition in error.” Miner v.

Witt, 82 Ohio St. 237, 92 N.E. 21 (1910), syllabus; Tschantz v. Ferguson, 57 Ohio St.3d

131, 133, 566 N.E.2d 655 (1991).

       {¶28} Multiple appellate districts, including this Court, have held that an appeal of

a foreclosure is moot once the property is sold and the proceeds are distributed. Meadow

Wind Health Care Ctr., Inc. v. McInnes, 5th Dist. Stark No. 2002CA00319, 2003-Ohio-

979; PennyMac Loan Services, LLC v. Marker, 7th Dist. Jefferson No. 18 JE 0024, 2019-

Ohio-4088, 2019 WL 4898489, ¶ 29; U.S. Bank Natl. Assn. v. Marcino, 7th Dist. Jefferson

No. 09 JE 2010, 2010-Ohio-6512; U.S. Bank Trust National Association v. Janossy, 2018-

Ohio-2228, 114 N.E.3d 668 (8th Dist.); Art's Rental Equip., Inc. v. Bear Creek Const.,

L.L.C., 1st Dist. Hamilton Nos. C-110544, C-110555, C-110558, C-110559, C-110564, C-

110785, C-110792, C-110797, C-110798, C-110799, C-110800, C-110801, C-110808,

C-120309, 2012-Ohio-5371.

       {¶29} The duty of a court of appeals is to decide controversies between parties by

a judgment which can be carried into effect, and the court need not render an advisory

opinion on a moot question or a question of law that cannot affect the issues in a case.
Licking County, Case No. 2019 CA 00116                                               7


Thus, when circumstances prevent an appellate court from granting relief in a case, the

mootness doctrine precludes consideration of those issues. Schwab v. Lattimore, 1st

Dist., 166 Ohio App.3d 12, 2006-Ohio-1372, 848 N.E.2d 912, ¶ 10 (Internal citations

omitted).

       {¶30} Because there is no remedy this Court can legally order and this appeal

constitutes only a request for an advisory ruling, we find this appeal is moot.

       {¶31} For the foregoing reasons, Appellant’s appeal from the judgment of the

Licking County Court of Common Pleas is dismissed.


By: Wise, John, J.

Hoffman, P. J., and

Wise, Earle, J., concur.




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