                                   Cite as 2013 Ark. 391

                SUPREME COURT OF ARKANSAS
                                      No.   CV-12-938

DON ETHERLY AND                                  Opinion Delivered October   10, 2013
CHRISTOPHER FRANKLIN
                 APPELLANTS                      APPEAL FROM THE PHILLIPS
                                                 COUNTY CIRCUIT COURT
V.                                               [NO. CV2012-158-2]

                                                 HONORABLE RICHARD
HOWARD NEWSOME, REVEREND                         PROCTOR, JUDGE
CEDRIC PRIDE AND LEON RINKE

CITY OF HELENA-WEST HELENA;
HONORABLE ARNELL WILLIS IN HIS
OFFICIAL CAPACITY AS MAYOR OF
THE CITY OF HELENA-WEST
HELENA; AND SANDI RAMSEY IN
HER OFFICIAL CAPACITY AS THE
CITY CLERK OF THE CITY OF                        APPEAL DISMISSED.
HELENA-WEST HELENA
                      APPELLEES


                                JIM HANNAH, Chief Justice


       Appellants, Don Etherly and Christopher Franklin, appeal the Phillips County Circuit

Court’s denial of their motions to intervene in a case involving the filing period for the

November 6, 2012 election. We dismiss the appeal because this case is moot.

       The filing period for any person desiring to become an independent candidate for

municipal office is set by statute. See Ark. Code Ann. § 14-42-206(b)(1) (Supp. 2011) (setting

the filing period for not more than ninety days nor less than seventy days before the general

election by 12:00 noon). But the governing body of a city may enact an ordinance to change
                                     Cite as 2013 Ark. 391

the filing period so that it begins no earlier than twenty days prior to the preferential primary

election and ends no later than 12:00 noon on the day before the preferential primary

election. See Ark. Code Ann. § 14-42-206(d)(1)(A). The ordinance shall be enacted no later

than ninety days prior to the filing deadline, and the ordinance shall be published at least

once a week for two consecutive weeks immediately following the adoption of the

ordinance in a newspaper having a general circulation in the city. See Ark. Code Ann. § 14-

42-206(d)(2).

       On July 11, 2012, appellees, Howard Newsome, Rev. Cedric Pride, and Leon Rinke,

filed a complaint for declaratory judgment and mandamus in the circuit court against Helena-

West Helena Mayor Arnell Willis and City Clerk Sandi Ramsey, requesting that the circuit

court enter an order (1) declaring that the filing period for independent candidates for

municipal offices for the City of Helena-West Helena is governed by Arkansas Code

Annotated section 14-42-206(b) and, therefore, the filing period starts July 27, 2012, and (2)

mandating that city officials notify the election officials of the proper filing date and see that

all citizens have access to filing for any municipal office. In the complaint, the appellees

alleged that some independent candidates for municipal office had presented to the Phillips

County Circuit Clerk a purported city ordinance that changed the filing period from that set

by section 14-42-206(b) to the filing period permitted by section 14-42-206(d)(1)(A).

       A hearing was held on July 13, 2012, and a copy of the purported ordinance was

admitted into evidence. Jessie Vescon Hollowell, Jr., a member of the Helena-West Helena

City Council, testified that the City did not enact an ordinance to change the filing period.


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He further testified that the purported ordinance, which bore the County Clerk’s stamp of

May 21, 2012, had caused confusion and uncertainty for the citizens of Helena-West Helena.

Hollowell stated that the purported ordinance would preclude candidates from running for

office if they had not filed on or before May 21, 2012, which was the day before the

preferential primary election. Hollowell also stated that the purported ordinance was never

published in the newspaper.

       City Clerk Ramsey testified that she was unaware of any ordinance changing the filing

period and that, to her knowledge, there was never any publication of such an ordinance.

Ramsey added that “there was never a discussion by the City Council of Helena-West

Helena to think about changing” the filing period.

       Mayor Willis testified that, during the time that he had served as mayor, the City

Council had not presented and passed an ordinance changing the filing period. According

to Willis, the filing period was supposed to begin on July 27, 2012.

       At the conclusion of the hearing, the circuit court found that the filing of the

purported ordinance on May 21, 2012, appeared to be an effort to prevent a fair election;

declared that the purported ordinance was invalid and of no effect; and ordered that the filing

period was to begin on July 27, 2012. Accordingly, the circuit court granted the complaint

for declaratory judgment and mandamus in an order entered July 13, 2012.

       Franklin filed a motion to intervene on August 6, 2012, alleging that the complaint

for declaratory relief was improper and amounted to collusion by the parties. He further

alleged that candidates who had already filed for municipal office were not made parties to


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the declaratory action. Etherly filed a motion to intervene on August 8, 2012, alleging that

potential candidates had already filed for office in accordance with the ordinance, that none

of the potential candidates were notified of the hearing before the circuit court, and that any

attempt to challenge the ordinance, if successful, would divest potential candidates of rights

obtained by acting in accordance with the ordinance.

       The circuit court denied Etherly’s motion to intervene in an order entered October

12, 2012, and Franklin’s motion to intervene in an order entered October 18, 2012. The

circuit court found that both motions were untimely. Etherly and Franklin appeal,

contending that the circuit court erred in denying their motions to intervene and that their

due-process rights were violated because they were not notified of the hearing on the

complaint for declaratory judgment and mandamus.

       We do not reach the merits of the appellants’ arguments on appeal because this case

is moot. As a general rule, the appellate courts of this state will not review issues that are

moot because to do so would be to render an advisory opinion, which this court will not do.

See Allison v. Lee Cnty. Election Comm’n, 359 Ark. 388, 390, 198 S.W.3d 113, 114 (2004).

Generally, a case becomes moot when any judgment rendered would have no practical legal

effect upon a then existing legal controversy. Lott v. Langley, 2013 Ark. 247, at 2. We have,

however, recognized two exceptions to the mootness doctrine. Id. The first exception

involves issues that are capable of repetition, yet evade review, and the second exception

concerns issues that raise considerations of substantial public interest which, if addressed,

would prevent future litigation. Id.


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       This case is moot for two reasons. First, the filing period at issue concerned the

election held November 6, 2012, and it is now October 10, 2013.1 The second reason this

case is moot is that both Etherly and Franklin won their respective races in the November

6, 2012 election.2 Having reviewed the record, we conclude that the appellants’ case does

not fall within either exception to the mootness doctrine. Accordingly, we dismiss the appeal.

       Appeal dismissed.

       Don R. Etherly and Christopher Franklin, pro se appellants.

       Schieffler Law Firm, by: Edward H. Schieffler, for appellees.




       1
        The record reflects that the parties did not seek expedited consideration of this case.
See Ark. Sup. Ct. R. 6-1(b) (2013) (“[T]he pleader shall inform the Clerk’s office of the need
for an emergency or accelerated hearing by the Court.”).
       2
        We take judicial notice of the November 6, 2012 election results that were certified
by the Phillips County Election Commission on November 16, 2012. In the race for Helena-
West Helena City Council Ward 3, Position 1, the Commission certified the results as 454
votes for Christopher “Foe Foe” Franklin and 347 votes for Cedric D. Pride. The
Commission certified the results of the Ward 5, Position 2 race as 581 votes for Don Etherly
and 315 votes for Eddie Lee, Jr.

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