                                                                                       FILED

                                                                                     SEP 1 7 2014
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                   COURT OF WORKERS' COMPENSATION CLAIMS
                     DIVISION OF WORKERS' COMPENSATION

EMPLOYEE: Jane Hosford                                 DOCKET#: 2014-05-002
                                                       STATE FILE#: 61799/2014
EMPLOYER: Red Rover Preschool                          DATE OF INJURY: July 7, 2014

INSURANCE CARRIER: N/A

                              EXPEDITED HEARING ORDER

       THIS CAUSE came before the undersigned Workers' Compensation Judge upon the Request
for Expedited Hearing filed by Jane Hosford (Employee) and Red Rover Preschool (Employer).

        On August 29, 2014, a Request for Expedited Hearing was filed with the Tennessee Court of
Workers' Compensation Claims, Division of Workers' Compensation, by Employee pursuant to
Tennessee Code Annotated section 50-6-239 to determine if the provision of medical benefits is
appropriate. Employee did not request an evidentiary hearing. On September 4, 20 14, a Request for
Expedited Hearing was filed with the Tennessee Court of Workers' Compensation Claims, Division
of Workers' Compensation, on behalf ofEmployer pursuant to Tennessee Code Annotated section
50-6-239 to determine if the provision of medical benefits is appropriate. The Employer requested a
hearing.

        The Court conducted a telephonic hearing on September 10, 2014. Considering the positions
of the parties, the applicable law and all of the evidence submitted, the Court hereby finds that
Employee is entitled to past medical expenses and medical benefits.


                                          ANALYSIS

                                              Issues

   1.   Whether Employer or the previous owner of the business is the proper party to this case.

   2.   Whether Employee gave timely notice of her injury.

   3. Whether Employee sustained an injury that arose primarily out of and in the course and
      scope of employment with Employer.
    4. Whether Employer is obligated to provide medical benefits, to include the provision ofa
       panel, reimbursement/or past medical expenses, and additional medical care as
       recommended by a physician.

                                        Evidence Submitted

       Both parties have filed affidavits and other evidence in support of their Requests for
Expedited Hearing. The Court has received and considered the following evidence:

                Exhibit No./Evidence
                   1. Medical records, Dr. Howard Rupard, M.D., July 7- August 18, 2014, and
                        an Imaging Report from Dr. Jim Grippo, M.D., August 2, 2014
                   2. Affidavit of Glenda Daniel, August 28, 2014
                   3. Affidavit of Carla Ralston, August 21, 2014
                   4. Affidavit of Sandra Taylor, August 27,2014
                   5. Affidavit of Melinda Williams, August 20, 20 14
                   6. Employee's handwritten notice of injury, August 5, 2014
                   7. Dispute Certification Notice, August 20, 2014
                   8. Petition for Benefit Determination, August 13, 2014
                   9. Copies of text messages between the Employee and Employer, August 4,
                        2014
                   I 0. Copies of text messages between the Employee and Employer, August 5,
                        2014
                   ll. Sales Agreement, July 3, 2014
                   12. New Employee Orientation form, June 1 l, 2014.

                                         History of Claim

       Employee works as a lead teacher for Employer (Ex. 8). She testified that, while at work at
approximately 11:30 A.M. on July 7, 2014, she slipped while removing cots from a storage area and
twisted her right knee before falling to the floor.

        Per Employee's medical records and her testimony, she sought treatment on July 7, 2014,
from certified physician assistant Byron James Bloom, under the direction of Dr. Howard Rupard,
M.D. The records indicate she complained of"right knee pain" and that "her knee is weak and that
this suddenly happened two weeks ago." In his assessment, Bloom diagnosed knee pain and a strain
of the hamstring tendon. Employee's final visit with Bloom occurred on August 18, 2014. He
diagnosed knee pain and a tear of the meniscus of the knee. He wrote that Employee was having her
case reviewed under workers' compensation, and, "Due to this, we are not able to refer her on to an
ortho for arthroscopic repair." (See Ex. 1 generally) Employee testified that she would like to see a
specialist, has health insurance but cannot use it due to the injury falling under workers'
compensation, and, "l just really want to get my leg fixed."

       With regard to Employer's notice of the claim, Employee testified that the fall occurred in the
presence of a co-worker, Glenda Daniel. According to her testimony and Ms. Daniel's affidavit (Ex.
2), Ms. Daniel helped Employee get up, and afterward Ms. Daniel told Employer and another
employee that Employee had fallen. Employee testified that she did not tell her doctor initially that
the accident was work-related and that she "probably should have" done so. Employee further
testified that she told Employer twice that she had fallen at work, sometime during the weeks of July
15 and 21, 2014. She testified that a third conversation took place at some point during the week of
July 28, at which time she and Employer discussed whether Employer or the previous owner would
be responsible for the claim.

         Employer gave a conflicting version of the chain of events in her testimony. She testified that
she did not observe Employee's alleged fall. She testified that she did not recall Ms. Daniel
informing her about it, in accordance with the affidavit of Melinda Williams (Ex. 5), nor did she
recall Employee mentioning the fall during the weeks of July 15 or 21, 2014. Rather, Employer
testified that she first became aware of Employee's claim from a text message from Employee dated
August 4, 2014 (Ex. 9). She further testified that the conversation about Employer's responsibility
for the claim versus the previous owner's did take place, but not during the last week of July.
Employer testified that Employee indicated her claim was work-related in a text dated August 5,
2014 (Ex. 10), and in response Employer asked her to convey the details of the accident in writing.
Employee did so in a handwritten note dated August 5, 2014. (Ex. 6)

        Employer additionally testified regarding the details of her taking ownership of the business.
The transaction is memorialized in a Sales Agreement dated July 3, 2014 (Ex. 11), which states in
paragraph 6 that the transfer took place on July 3. That same document states in paragraph 14 that the
buyer would be responsible for "claims of any kind incurred after the date of transfer identified in
paragraph 6 including but not limited to payroll, supplies, utilities and all taxes and claims of any
kind related to operations under Buyer's ownership after that date."

                                       Employee's Contentions

        Employee contends that she sustained an injury that arose primarily out of and in the course
and scope of employment with Employer when she fell at work on July 7, 2014. Employee further
stated in argument that she never told her physician at the first doctor visit relative to this matter that
the accident took place two weeks ago. She argued that perhaps that notation was a typographical
error, and that she does not know why the record was written as it was. Employee contends that
Employer should provide a panel of physicians, and should pay for all past and future care relative to
the injury. Employee is not seeking temporary disability benefits at this time.

                                       Employer's Contentions

        Employer does not dispute the existence of the injury itself. Rather, Employer challenges
whether Employee actually fell at work on July 7, 2014, contending that the medical records
substantiate that a tal I occurred two weeks prior to that date. Employer additionally asserts that there
is no indication within the medical records that Employee informed her physician that the accident
took place at work. Therefore, according to Employer, the injury is not compensable as arising
primarily out of and in the course and scope of employment with Employer. As such, Employer is
not liable for past or future workers' compensation benefits. In addition, Employer questions whether
it or the previous owner of the business is the proper party, as well as the timeliness of Employee's
notice ofthe injury.

                            Findings of Fact and Conclusions of Law

                                              Standard Applied

         When determining whether to award benefits, the Judge must decide whether the moving
party is likely to succeed on the merits at trial given the information available. See generally, McCall
v. Nat'/ Health Care Corp ., 100 S.W. 3d 209,214 (Tenn. 2003) and Tenn. Code Ann. sec. 50-6-238
(2012). In a workers' compensation action, pursuant to Tennessee Code Annotated section 50-6-
239(c)(6), Employee shall bear the burden of proving each and every element of the claim by a
preponderance of the evidence. An injury is "accidental" only if the injury is caused by a specific
incident, or set of incidents, arising primarily out of and in the course and scope of employment, and
is identifiable by time and place of occurrence. See Tenn. Code Ann. § 50-6-1 02(13)(A). An injury
"arises primarily out of and in the course and scope of employment" only if it has been shown by a
preponderance of the evidence that the employment contributed more than fifty percent (50%) in
causing the injury, considering all causes. See Tenn. Code Ann. § 50-6-102(13)(8).

                                              Factual Findings

        Considering all admissible evidence and in patiicular the parties' testimony, the Court tinds
that Employee has provided credible testimony. On July 7, 2014, Employee fell at work, sustaining
an injury to her right knee. Employee obtained medical treatment for the injury on July 7 and 30,
2014, and August 18, 2014. Employee informed Employer about the fall, the resulting injury, and her
intention to seek coverage of the claim under the Workers' Compensation Act no later than August
4, 2014. Employee has continued to work since sustaining the injury.

                                        Application (?(Law to Facts

        1.     Employer is the proper party to this case.

        It appears from Employer's line of questioning regarding the timing of Employer taking
ownership of the business that Employer disputes whether it or the previous owner is the proper
party to this case.

        The Court observes that the July 3, 2014 Sales Agreement (paragraph 14) clearly states that
Employer intended to assume all benefits and responsibilities of ownership as of July 4, 2014.The
contract provides that Employer would be responsible for all "accounts, expenses, payables, and
claims of any kind incurred after the date of transfer (July 3, 2014) identified in paragraph 6
including but not limited to payroll, supplies, utilities and all taxes and claims of any kind related
to operations under Buyer's ownership after that date." Ifthe language in a contract is plain and
unambiguous, courts then determine the parties' intention from the four corners of the contract,
interpreting and enforcing the contract as written. Wei/mont Health Sys. v. Qualls, 2010 Tenn. App.
LEXIS 534, 6 (Tenn. Ct. App. Aug. 20, 2010).
         2.    Employee gave timely notice of her injury.

        Employer initially appeared to be questioning whether Employee gave timely notice of the
injury. In light of the Court's finding, infra, that Employee sustained an injury at work on July 7,
2014, by Employer's own admission she learned of the injury no later than August 4, 2014, within
the statutory 30-day timeframe. See Tenn. Code. Ann. §50-6-201.

         3.    Employee sustained an injury that arose primarily out of and in the course and
scope   r~f employment
                     with Employer.

        The Tennessee Supreme Court has held that if it is apparent to the rational mind, after
considering all of the circumstances that there is a causal connection between the conditions under
which the work is required to be performed and the resulting injury, then such accidental injury
"arises out of one's employment." Crew v. First Source Furniture Group, 259 S.W.Jd 656, 664
(Tenn. 2007). While causation must be proven through medical evidence, "absolute certainty ... is
not required." !d., citing Fitzgerald v. BTR Sealing Sys., 205 S. W.3d 400, 404 (Tenn. 2006).

        Trial comts must assess witness credibility when weighing the evidence prior to making
factual findings. Live testimony is the preference. See generally Kelly v. Kelly, --- S.W.3d ---,No.
E2012-02219-SC-R11-CV (Tenn., Sept. 10, 2014); see also Kenney v. Shiroki N. Am, Inc., 2011
Tenn. LEXIS 182, 9 (Tenn. Workers' Comp. Panel Feb. 28, 2011)("When credibility and weight to
be given to testimony are involved, considerable deference is given the trial court when the trial
judge had the opportunity to observe the witness' demeanor and to hear in-court testimony.")
However, the Tennessee Supreme Court held in Kelly that telephone testimony is more akin to live
testimony than to documentary evidence, and appellate courts should afford trial courts considerable
deference when reviewing issues that hinge on the witnesses' credibility. !d., *30. The high court
gave indications of credibility that can be gleaned via telephonic testimony when it adopted language
in the appellant's brief as follows:

                Only the Trial Court heard the tone and int1ection of[the counselor's]
                voice. The Trial Court was in the best position to detennine whether
                [the counselor] sounded calm or agitated, at ease or nervous, self-
                assured or hesitant, steady or stammering, confident or defensive,
                forthcoming or deceitful, reasonable or argumentative, honest or
                biased. [The counselor] was a virtual live witness - linked by wire in
                open court- responding in her own voice in real time to questions on
                direct and on cross examination. [She] was not a cold transcript for
                the Court of Appeals to assess anew.

I d.

         In this case, there is no dispute regarding whether Employee was injured. Rather, the debate
centers on whether Employee sustained the injury at work on July 7, 2014, or at some time previous
to then.
        Employee gave adequate detail of the incident and its time and place: She testified that,
while at work at approximately 11:30 A.M. on July 7, 2014, she slipped while removing cots from a
storage area and twisted her right knee before falling to the floor. A causal connection exists between
the conditions under which Employee works and the resulting injury. Moving the cots is clearly part
of Employee's regular work duties. She injured her knee while performing her work duties.
Therefore her injury arose primarily out of her employment

         From reviewing the medical records, Employer correctly asserts that they do not mention a
fall at work and that the injury occurred two weeks prior. However, Employee's assertion that the
physician assistant might have written that the two-week comment in error is plausible. Medical
records are considered along with lay testimony. Employee testified that the fall took place iri the
presence of a co-worker, Ms. Daniel, whose , sworn affidavit supports her testimony. Employer
testified that she "didn't recall" Ms. Daniel telling her about the fall, nor did she have any
recollection of Employee informing her about the fall in July. Employer never affirmatively testified
that those events did not happen.

         Employee gave the Court no reason to doubt her credibility. The Court considered all the
suggested characteristics for telephonic testimony outlined in Kelly. Notably, Employee's tone and
inflection were calm, at ease, self-assured, steady, confident and reasonable. She answered all
questions without hesitation. In addition, she was forthcoming - for example, she admitted in
testimony that she should have told her physician that the fall took place at work. In sum, the
evidence preponderates in favor of concluding that Employee sustained an injury on July 7, 2014,
that arose primarily out of and in the course and scope of employment with Employer.

           4.   Employer is obligated to provide medical benefits.

        Tennessee Code Annotated section 50-6-204(a)(l )(A) provides that employers must provide
to injured Employees such medical care and treatment "made reasonably necessary by accident as
defined in this chapter."

        Employer has not complied with this provision, as it has yet to offer Employee a panel of
physicians. Employer has denied the claim and not provided any medical benefits because it asserts
Employee injured herself two weeks prior to the date of injury. This Court has rejected that
contention. Rather, the Court has found that Employee sustained a compensable work-related injury
on July 7, 2014 when she fell and twisted her knee at work. Thus, it is appropriate for this Court to
order that Employer provide Employee a panel of physicians for evaluation and treatment. Employer
shall also pay for the medical expenses incurred for past treatments and all future reasonable and
necessary medical expenses related to Employee's right-knee injury.
IT IS, THEREFORE, ORDERED as follows:

 1. Medical care for Employee's injuries shall be paid and Employer or its workers'
    compensation carrier shall provide Employee with medical treatment for these injuries as
    required by Tennessee Code Annotated section 50-6-204, to be initiated by Employer or its
    workers' compensation carrier providing Employee with a panel of physicians as required by
    that statute. Medical bills shall be furnished to Employer or its workers' compensation
    carrier by Employee or medical providers .. Employer shall also pay for the medical expenses
    incurred for past treatments and all future reasonable and necessary medical expenses related
    to Employee's right-knee injury.

 2. Tennessee Law allows any party who disagrees with this Expedited Hearing Order to appeal
    the decision to the Workers' Compensation Appeals Board. To tile a Request for Appeal,
    you must:

    Complete the enclosed form entitled: "Request for Appeal".
    File the completed form with the Court Clerk within seven (7) business days ofthe date the
    Expedited Hearing Order was entered by the Workers' Compensation Judge.
    Serve a copy of the Request for Appeal upon the opposing party.

 3. Unless interlocutory appeal of the Expedited Hearing Order is filed, compliance with
    this Order must occur no later than seven (7) business days from the date of entry of
    this Order as required by Tennessee Code Annotated section 50-6-239(d)(3). The
    Insurer or Self-Insured Employer must submit confirmation of compliance with this
    Order to the Division by email to WCCompliance.Program@tn.gov no later than the
    seventh (7th) business day after entry of this Order. Failure to submit the necessary
    confirmation within the period of compliance may result in a penalty assessment for
    non-compJiance.


    ENTERED this the      /7~ of September 2014.


                                            nnetb M. Switzer,          e
                                          Court of Workers' Compensa ion Claims
                                   CERTIFICATE OF SERVICE

        I hereby certify that a true and correct copy of the Expedited Hearing Order was sent to the
 following recipients by the following methods of service on this the ___ day of September, 2014.


Name                   Certified   First    Via   Fax        Via         Email Address
                       Mail        Class    Fax   Number     Email
                                   Mail
Jane Hosford,          X
Em lo ee
Red Rover Preschool,                                         X           bettystacyt 980@yahoo.com
Em lo er
                                                             X           Oftice(ii{j oem lambertlaw. com




                                                                     '
                                              Court of Workers' Compensation Claims
      Received Date Stamp Here
                                                          Tennessee Division of Workers' Compensation
                                                                                                                   Docket#: - - - - - - - - -
                                                            www.state.tn.us/labor-wfd/wcomp.shtml                  Stateflle #/V R:_ _ _ __,
                                                                     wc.courtclerk@tn.gov
                                                                         1-800-332-2667                            RFA #: - - - - - - - - -
                                                                                                                   Date of Injury: - - - - - - - -

                                                                                                                   SSN: - -- - - - - - - -

           Style




           v.



           Notice
           Notice is given that - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - -- - -
                                   [List name(s) of all appealing party(ies) on separate sheet if necessary]

                                                                                                        Select Office Location
           appeals the order(s) of the Court of Workers' Compensation Claims at - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

                                                                                    to the Workers' Compensation Appeals Board.
          --------------------------
            [List the date(s) the order(s) was filed in the court clerk's office]




          Additional Information

          Type of Case [Check the most appropriate item]

                                    Temporary disability benefits
                                    Medical benefits for current injury
                                    Medical benefits under prior order issued by the Court
                                    Permanent Disability Benefits {Employee is at maximum medical Improvement)

          Compensation Judge_s_e_l_e_
                                    c t_H
                                        _ e_re_______________

          List of Parties

          Appellant (Requesting Party): _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.At Compensation Hearing: DPiaintiff DDefendant
          Address:. ___________________________________________________

          Party's Phone:._________________ Email:. ________________

          Attorney's Name: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ BPR#: - - - - - - - - - -

          Attorney's Address: ______________________ Phone: - - - - - - - -
          Attorney's Address :_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __

          Attorney's Email:. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ __

                                              • Attach an additional sheet for each additional Appellant •
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               Employee Name: _ _ _ _ __     _ _ _ __
                                                                SF#: - - - - -- - -- - DOl: - -- - - -




               Apoe!leelsl
               Appellee (Opposing Party): _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _....;At Compensation Hearing : DPiaintiff DDefendant

               Appellee's Address: - - - - - - - - - - - -- -- - - - - - -- - - - - - - - -
               Appellee's Phone:_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Email:_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __

               Attorney's Name:_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ BPR#: - - - - - - - -
              Attorney's Address:_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ Phone: - - - - - - -

              Attorney's Address: - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
              Attorney's Email:_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __

                                     * Attach an additional sheet for each additional Appellee *


              CERTIFICATE OF SERVICE

              I,                                             certify that I have forwarded a true and exact copy of this
              Request for Appeal by First Class, United States Mail, postage prepaid, to all parties and/or their
              attorneys in this case in accordance with Rule 0800-02-22.01(2) of the Tennessee Rules of Board of
              Workers' Compensation Appeals on this the __day of                     20 __ .




              [Signature of appellant or attorney for appellant]




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