           Case: 12-14319   Date Filed: 08/14/2013   Page: 1 of 6


                                                        [DO NOT PUBLISH]


            IN THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS

                    FOR THE ELEVENTH CIRCUIT
                      ________________________

                            No. 12-14319
                        Non-Argument Calendar
                      ________________________

                D.C. Docket No. 6-11-cv-00028-BAE-GRS


BUD GASKIN,

                                                            Plaintiff-Appellant,

                                  versus


COMMISSIONER OF SOCIAL SECURITY,

                                                          Defendant-Appellee.


                      ________________________

               Appeal from the United States District Court
                  for the Southern District of Georgia
                     ________________________

                            (August 14, 2013)




Before MARCUS, KRAVITCH, and EDMONDSON, Circuit Judges.
              Case: 12-14319      Date Filed: 08/14/2013   Page: 2 of 6


PER CURIAM:



      Bud Gaskin appeals the administrative law judge’s (“ALJ”) denial of a

period of disability and disability insurance benefits under Title II of the Social

Security Act. Gaskin had a total replacement of his right knee and suffered from

degenerative joint disease in his left knee. Dr. Scott Duffin, an orthopedist who

performed surgery and follow-up care on Gaskin’s left knee, offered an assessment

of Gaskin’s physical limitations and indicated that Gaskin’s pain was often severe

enough to interfere with his attention and concentration. The ALJ ultimately

denied disability benefits after finding that Gaskin could perform jobs that existed

in significant numbers in the national economy.

      On appeal, Gaskin argues that the ALJ -- by assigning significant weight to

Dr. Duffin’s opinion without expressly rejecting any aspects thereof -- accepted

Dr. Duffin’s assessment that Gaskin’s pain was often severe enough to interfere

with his attention and concentration. He concludes that the ALJ’s hypothetical

questions to the vocational expert were, therefore, incomplete because they failed

to include Gaskin’s pain-related limitations.

      We review the ALJ’s decision to determine whether it is supported by

substantial evidence and whether the ALJ applied proper legal standards.

Crawford v. Comm’r of Soc. Sec., 363 F.3d 1155, 1158 (11th Cir. 2004).


                                           2
              Case: 12-14319     Date Filed: 08/14/2013   Page: 3 of 6


Substantial evidence is more than a scintilla and is such relevant evidence that a

reasonable person would accept as adequate to support a conclusion. Id. We may

not reweigh the evidence or decide the facts anew, and we must defer to the ALJ’s

decision if it is supported by substantial evidence even if the evidence may

preponderate against it. See Dyer v. Barnhart, 395 F.3d 1206, 1210 (11th Cir.

2005).

      A claimant must be under a disability to be eligible for disability insurance

benefits. See 42 U.S.C. § 423(a)(1)(E). A claimant is disabled if he is unable to

engage in substantial gainful activity by reason of a medically-determinable

impairment that can be expected to result in death or which has lasted or can be

expected to last for a continuous period of at least 12 months. Id. § 423(d)(1)(A).

The claimant bears the burden of proving his disability and of presenting evidence

to support his claim. See Ellison v. Barnhart, 355 F.3d 1272, 1276 (11th Cir.

2003).

      To determine whether a claimant is disabled, the Social Security

Administration applies a five-step sequential analysis. 20 C.F.R. § 404.1520(a).

This process includes a determination of whether the claimant (1) is unable to

engage in substantial gainful activity; (2) has a severe and medically-determinable

physical or mental impairment; (3) has such an impairment that meets or equals a

Listing and meets the duration requirements; (4) can perform his past relevant


                                          3
              Case: 12-14319     Date Filed: 08/14/2013    Page: 4 of 6


work, in the light of his residual functional capacity; and (5) can make an

adjustment to other work, in the light of his residual functional capacity, age,

education, and work experience. Id. § 404.1520(a)(4).

      A claimant who can make an adjustment to other work is not disabled. See

id. § 404.1520(a)(4)(v), (g)(1). When determining whether a claimant can make an

adjustment to other work, the ALJ first determines the claimant’s residual

functional capacity. See id. The claimant’s residual functional capacity is an

assessment, based upon all relevant evidence, of the claimant’s ability to do work

despite his impairments. Lewis v. Callahan, 125 F.3d 1436, 1440 (11th Cir. 1997);

20 C.F.R. § 404.1545(a)(1).

      The Commissioner bears the burden of demonstrating that, in the light of the

claimant’s residual functional capacity, a significant number of jobs that the

claimant can perform exist in the national economy. See Jones v. Apfel, 190 F.3d

1224, 1228 (11th Cir. 1999); 20 C.F.R. § 404.1520(a)(4)(v), (g)(1). The ALJ may

make this determination by posing hypothetical questions to a vocational expert.

See Winschel v. Comm’r of Soc. Sec., 631 F.3d 1176, 1180 (11th Cir. 2011). A

vocational expert’s testimony, however, only constitutes substantial evidence that a

claimant can perform other work when the ALJ presented the vocational expert

with a hypothetical question that comprised all of the claimant’s impairments. See

Ingram v. Comm’r of Soc. Sec. Admin., 496 F.3d 1253, 1270 (11th Cir. 2007).


                                          4
              Case: 12-14319     Date Filed: 08/14/2013   Page: 5 of 6


      In reality, substantial-evidence review in cases like this one involves some

intricacy. “[T]he testimony of a treating physician must be given substantial or

considerable weight unless ‘good cause’ is shown to the contrary.” Crawford, 363

F.3d at 1159. The ALJ must clearly articulate the reasons for giving less weight to

a treating physician’s opinion, and the failure to do so constitutes error. Lewis, 125

F.3d at 1440. “Moreover, the ALJ must state with particularity the weight given to

different medical opinions and the reasons therefor.” Winschel, 631 F.3d at 1179.

We have written that, absent such a statement, it is impossible for us to determine

whether the ALJ’s decision is rational and supported by substantial evidence; and

we have said we will decline to affirm simply because some rationale -- given the

record -- might support the ALJ’s conclusion. Id.

      The ALJ failed to address Dr. Duffin’s assessment that Gaskin’s pain was

often severe enough to interfere with his attention and concentration, and those

limitations were not included in the ALJ’s residual functional capacity assessment

or hypothetical questions. Given the discourse in our precedents, we are unable to

review correctly whether substantial evidence supports the ALJ’s finding that

Gaskin was not disabled. Accordingly, we vacate the district court’s decision; and

we instruct that court to remand to the ALJ for an express consideration of Dr.

Duffin’s seemingly-pertinent assessment that Gaskin’s pain was often severe

enough to interfere with his attention and concentration. Then, the ALJ must take


                                          5
              Case: 12-14319     Date Filed: 08/14/2013   Page: 6 of 6


into account the ALJ’s resulting findings, about the impact of pain, in a residual

functional capacity assessment and determine once more whether other work exists

that Gaskin can perform.

      VACATED AND REMANDED.




                                          6
