    18-593
    Maloul v. Berkowitz


                           UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
                               FOR THE SECOND CIRCUIT

                                   SUMMARY ORDER
RULINGS BY SUMMARY ORDER DO NOT HAVE PRECEDENTIAL EFFECT. CITATION TO A SUMMARY
ORDER FILED ON OR AFTER JANUARY 1, 2007, IS PERMITTED AND IS GOVERNED BY FEDERAL RULE OF
APPELLATE PROCEDURE 32.1 AND THIS COURT=S LOCAL RULE 32.1.1. WHEN CITING A SUMMARY ORDER
IN A DOCUMENT FILED WITH THIS COURT, A PARTY MUST CITE EITHER THE FEDERAL APPENDIX OR AN
ELECTRONIC DATABASE (WITH THE NOTATION ASUMMARY ORDER@). A PARTY CITING TO A SUMMARY
ORDER MUST SERVE A COPY OF IT ON ANY PARTY NOT REPRESENTED BY COUNSEL.

                  At a stated term of the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit,
    held at the Thurgood Marshall United States Courthouse, 40 Foley Square, in the City of
    New York, on the 12th day of September, two thousand nineteen.

    PRESENT:
                JOHN M. WALKER, JR.,
                SUSAN L. CARNEY,
                RICHARD J. SULLIVAN,
                      Circuit Judges.
    _______________________________________

    Allen Lowy, Avner Maloul,

                            Plaintiffs-Appellants,

                      v.                                                  18-593

    VSUS Technologies, Inc.,

                            Defendant-Appellee,

    Ivan Berkowitz, Great Court Capital, LLC, SD
    Partners, LLC, Jeffrey Rinde, Hodgson Russ
    LLP, Utix Group, Inc., Sunset Brands, Inc.,

                            Defendants.

    _______________________________________
FOR PLAINTIFFS-APPELLANTS:                                   Allen Lowy, pro se, New York, NY.

FOR DEFENDANT-APPELLEE:                                      No appearance.

         Appeal from an order of the United States District Court for the Southern District of New

York (Failla, J.).

         UPON DUE CONSIDERATION, IT IS HEREBY ORDERED, ADJUDGED, AND

DECREED that the order of the district court dated February 2, 2018, is AFFIRMED.

         Appellants Avner Maloul and Allen Lowy1 appeal from a district court order denying their

2018 motion under Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 60(a) to reopen a 2007 lawsuit that was

terminated in May 2011, pursuant to a “Stipulation of Discontinuance” (the “Stipulation”). We

assume the parties’ familiarity with the underlying facts, the procedural history of the case, and

the issues on appeal, to which we refer only as necessary to explain our decision to affirm.

         “A district court’s decision on a Rule 60 motion is reviewed for abuse of discretion.”

Paddington Partners v. Bouchard, 34 F.3d 1132, 1140 (2d Cir. 1994). A court abuses its

discretion “when its decision rests on an error of law or a clearly erroneous factual finding, or

when its decision, though not necessarily the product of legal error or a clearly erroneous finding

of fact, cannot be located within the range of permissible decisions.” United States v. Gonzalez,

647 F.3d 41, 57 (2d Cir. 2011).

         Rule 60(a) provides that a court “may correct a clerical mistake or a mistake arising from

oversight or omission whenever one is found in a judgment, order, or other part of the record.”

Fed. R. Civ. P. 60(a). Rule 60(a) applies only to “changes that implement the result intended by

the court at the time the order was entered”; it does not permit “changes that alter the original

meaning to correct a legal or factual error.” Rezzonico v. H & R Block, Inc., 182 F.3d 144, 150-



1
    Lowy, an attorney, is both representing Maloul and representing himself pro se.
51 (2d Cir. 1999) (quoting Kokomo Tube Co. v. Dayton Equip. Servs. Co., 123 F.3d 616, 623 (7th

Cir. 1997)).

       The district court did not abuse its discretion in concluding that the termination of the case

in May 2011 did not constitute or reflect a “clerical error” within the meaning of Rule 60(a). The

Stipulation’s caption and text suggest that the parties intended at the time to terminate the whole

of the “above-entitled action.”     App’x 41.     Although not all “remaining defendants” were

identified by name in the text or signature lines of the Stipulation, its caption named all defendants

and the document provided that it covered the “remaining defendants,” as to which the action was

“discontinued[] with prejudice.” Id. For the next four years, the plaintiffs took no additional

steps regarding the action or the defendants who were not named by the Stipulation. Thus, even

if the Clerk of Court erred by terminating the case, the error was not “clerical” within the meaning

of Rule 60(a); rather, any mistake was one of interpretation, and not amenable to “correction”

under Rule 60. See Rezzonico, 182 F.3d at 150-51.

       Maloul and Lowy argue in the alternative that their prior counsel erred in filing a document

that suggested the case as a whole was terminated, and that, because his act was contrary to their

intent, his error should not be attributed to them. They forfeited this argument, however, by

failing to raise it before the district court. See Harrison v. Republic of Sudan, 838 F.3d 86, 96 (2d

Cir. 2016) (explaining that this Court generally does not consider issues raised for the first time on

appeal). In any event, civil litigants are generally deemed bound by the acts of their counsel. See

Pioneer Inv. Servs. Co. v. Brunswick Assocs. Ltd. P’ship., 507 U.S. 380, 396 (1993) (“[C]lients

must be held accountable for the acts and omissions of their attorneys.”).



                                                  3
       We have considered Maloul and Lowy’s remaining arguments and conclude that they are

without merit. Accordingly, we AFFIRM the order of the district court.

                                          FOR THE COURT:
                                          Catherine O’Hagan Wolfe, Clerk of Court




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