                                  NUMBER 13-14-00127-CV

                                     COURT OF APPEALS

                           THIRTEENTH DISTRICT OF TEXAS

                              CORPUS CHRISTI - EDINBURG


REBECCA R. GONZALEZ,                                                                        Appellant,

                                                         v.

MAURO L. REYNA III,                                                                           Appellee.


                        On appeal from the 92nd District Court
                             of Hidalgo County, Texas.


                                       MEMORANDUM OPINION

     Before Chief Justice Valdez and Justices Benavides and Perkes
             Memorandum Opinion by Chief Justice Valdez

        Proceeding pro se, appellant, Rebecca R. Gonzalez, appeals from the trial court’s

grant of summary judgment in favor of Mauro L. Reyna, III.1 By two issues, Gonzalez




        1 Although Manuela Torres on behalf of San Juana Maria Torres was also a plaintiff in the trial court
and the judgment was rendered against both Gonzalez and Torres, Torres has not filed a notice of appeal
and is not a party here. In addition, although, Gonzalez’s brief recognizes that Torres is a party, only
Gonzalez filed a notice of appeal and the brief is signed only by Gonzalez.
contends that the trial court abused its discretion by denying her motion for continuance.

We affirm. 2

                                        I.      BACKGROUND

        Gonzalez and Manuela Torres on behalf of San Juana Maria Torres filed their

petition on January 23, 2009, alleging that appellee had committed legal malpractice and

fraud. On June 6, 2013, the trial court held a hearing on dismissal for want of prosecution.

At the hearing, the trial court explained that the purpose of the hearing was to determine

whether Gonzalez was interested in pursuing the case because “there ha[d] been no

activity in this case for a long time.” Gonzalez proceeded pro se at the hearing. The trial

court told Gonzalez that if she wanted to continue with the suit, the case would not be

dismissed. Gonzalez stated that she wanted the case to continue and indicated that she

was looking for an attorney. The trial court did not dismiss the case.

        On December 5, 2013, the trial court held a status hearing where it considered

Gonzalez’s first motion for continuance. The trial court continued the case for thirty days

for another status hearing. On December 10, 2013, appellee filed a motion for no-

evidence summary judgment on all of Gonzalez’s causes of action. Gonzalez replied to

appellees’ motion for no-evidence summary judgment on December 27, 2013. The trial

court held a hearing on the motion on January 8, 2014. At this hearing, Gonzalez

proceeded pro se and indicated that she needed “more time.” The trial court granted

appellee’s motion for no-evidence summary judgment on January 24, 2014. This appeal

ensued.


        2  Because this is a memorandum opinion and the parties are familiar with the facts, we will not
recite them here except as necessary to advise the parties of the Court's decision and the basic reasons
for it. See TEX. R. APP. P. 47.4.


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                    II.    STANDARD OF REVIEW AND APPLICABLE LAW

       We will reverse a trial court’s ruling on a motion for continuance if there is a clear

abuse of discretion. Villegas v. Carter, 711 S.W.2d 624, 626 (Tex. 1986). A trial court

abuses its discretion if it acts in an arbitrary and unreasonable manner or without

reference to guiding rules or principles. McAleer v. McAleer, 394 S.W.3d 613, 617 (Tex.

App.—Houston 2012, no pet.); see State v. Crank, 666 S.W.2d 91, 93 (Tex. 1984). We

review several factors when deciding whether a trial court abused its discretion in denying

a motion for continuance that seeks additional time for discovery. Joe v. Two Thirty Nine

Joint Venture, 145 S.W.3d 150, 161 (Tex. 2004). We consider: “the length of time the

case has been on file, the materiality and purpose of the discovery sought, and whether

the party seeking the continuance has exercised due diligence to obtain the discovery

sought.” Id.

                                     III.    ANALYSIS

       By her first issue, Gonzalez contends that the trial court abused its discretion by

not giving her more time to prepare for the summary judgment hearing. Specifically,

Gonzalez states, “After [a]ppellee responded with a [motion for no-evidence summary

judgment] the [trial court] should have allowed [Gonzalez] additional time to properly

prepare for the argument considering the fact that she had relevant evidence” and that

Gonzalez “had evidence that proved her case would have succeeded since it fell within a

class action lawsuit which had already been settled in [Gonzalez’s] favor.”

       Texas Rule of Civil Procedure 251 provides that no continuance shall be granted

“except for sufficient cause supported by affidavit, or by consent of the parties, or by

operation of law.” TEX. R. CIV. P. 251. At the summary judgment hearing, Gonzalez



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stated that she needed “more time.”        Assuming without deciding that Gonzalez’s

statement was an oral motion for continuance, the motion was not supported by affidavit,

appellee did not consent to a continuance, and Gonzalez did not explain why a

continuance was required by operation of law. Therefore, Gonzalez’s oral motion does

not satisfy the provisions of rule 251, and Gonzalez failed to preserve this complaint for

our review. In re A.M., 418 S.W.3d 830, 838 (Tex. App.—Dallas 2013, no pet.) (citing

Strong v. Strong, 350 S.W.3d 759, 762 (Tex. App.—Dallas 2011, pet. denied);

Taherzadeh v. Ghaleh–Assadi, 108 S.W.3d 927, 928 (Tex. App.—Dallas 2003, pet.

denied); Favaloro v. Comm’n for Lawyer Discipline, 13 S.W.3d 831, 838 (Tex. App.—

Dallas 2000, no pet.)); see also John Kleas Co. Inc. v. Prokop, No. 13-13-00401-CV, 2015

WL 1544797, at *4 (Tex. App.—Corpus Christi Apr. 2, 2015, no pet.) (mem. op.) (“When

a party contends that it has not had an adequate opportunity for discovery before a

summary judgment hearing, it must file either an affidavit explaining the need for further

discovery or a verified motion for continuance.”) (citing Tenneco Inc. v. Enter. Products

Co., 925 S.W.2d 640, 647 (Tex.1996)).

       Moreover, even if the issue were preserved, with respect to the claimed need for

additional time to prepare for the summary judgment hearing, this case had been pending

in the trial court for more than four years at the time of the summary judgment hearing.

See Strong v. Strong, 350 S.W.3d 759, 763 (Tex. App.—Dallas 2011, pet. denied)

(holding that trial court did not abuse its discretion in denying continuance when case had

been pending over two years). In neither the summary judgment response nor in

argument at the hearing did Gonzalez offer evidence that she had “exercised due

diligence.” See State v. Wood Oil Distrib., Inc., 751 S.W.2d 863, 865 (Tex. 1988) (“It is



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also well established that the failure of a litigant to diligently utilize the rules of civil

procedure for discovery purposes will not authorize the granting of a continuance.”).

       A party seeking more time to oppose a summary judgment motion must describe

the evidence sought, explain its materiality, and show the due diligence used to obtain

the evidence. Carter, 93 S.W.3d at 310 (citing TEX. R. CIV. P. 166a(g), 251, 2527).

Regarding her assertion that she needed “more time,” Gonzalez stated only:

       I do have the evidence with me but I need more time to attach those with
       this. Because if he is saying that within a case, why go and pull only one
       doctor? And in this situation where the other case is involved it’s dealing
       with that same doctor that my grandmother was part of that also as the
       medical billing. She was part of that too. She was supposed to be in two
       lawsuits at the same time.

Gonzalez did not describe the evidence sought, explain its materiality, or show that she

exercised due diligence in obtaining it. Instead, it appears that she admitted that she had

the evidence and was merely requesting more time to attach it.

       In addition, in the summary judgment context, it is generally not an abuse of

discretion to deny a motion for continuance if the party moving for a continuance has

received twenty-one days’ notice of the hearing as required by Rule 166a(c). Carter v.

MacFadyen, 93 S.W.3d 307, 310 (Tex. App.—Houston [14th Dist.] 2002, pet. denied);

see TEX. R. CIV. P. 166a(c). Here, there is no argument from Gonzalez that she did not

receive twenty-one days’ notice of the summary judgment hearing, and she has not

argued that an exception to the general rule applies. Finally, after the summary judgment

hearing, the trial court allowed Gonzalez to supplement the response to appellees’ motion

for no-evidence summary judgment, and the trial court indicated that it considered

everything in its file. For these reasons, the trial court did not abuse its discretion by




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denying additional time to prepare for the summary judgment hearing. Gonzalez’s first

issue is overruled.

        By her second issue, Gonzalez contends that she “deserve[s] to have [the] case

heard [by the trial court] because [she has] sufficient evidence to prove [she has] been

legally wronged and [is] entitled to justice.” Specifically, Gonzalez argues that the trial

court “forced” her to proceed pro se knowing that she did not have “sufficient knowledge

of civil proceedings and other necessary related matters” and that she needed “more time

to learn how to present and gather the evidence necessary to formulate her proper legal

argument to the best of her abilities.”3 However, Gonzalez did not make this argument to

the trial court. See TEX. R. APP. P. 33.1(a)(1). Accordingly, we are unable to reverse on

that basis. See id. Moreover, as set out above, Gonzalez did not comply with rule 251.

We overrule Gonzalez’s second issue.

                                         IV.     CONCLUSION

        We affirm the trial court’s judgment.

                                                                /s/ Rogelio Valdez
                                                                ROGELIO VALDEZ
                                                                Chief Justice

Delivered and filed the
2nd day of July, 2015.




        3 The trial court asked Gonzalez if she wished to represent herself; she said, “Yes, Your Honor.”
The trial court stated, “Okay. So the Court will allow you to represent yourself, and Gonzalez replied,
“Okay.” Gonzalez made no objections to proceeding pro se.


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