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                                        First District of Texas at Houston v
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UJ c       Appellate case name:             Ronald Dwayne Whitfield v. The State of Texas                                  V

           Appellate case numbers:          01-92-00617-CR v/                                     FILED
                                                                                       TuESDM/24 MM lU^Afj 4
              Trial court case numbers:     617718 \s

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              Trial court:                  174th District Court of Harris County \s .

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                  Appellant was convicted of burglary of a building with intent to commit theft and,
          -after being enhanced by two prior felony convictions, was sentenced to 35 years in prison
£8            on June 5, 1992. On direct appeal, this Court issuedAan opinion on August 26, 1993,
   O          affirming*appellant's judgment of conviction. Whitfield v. State, No. 01-92-00617-CR,
   c
              1993 WL 322738, at *4 (Tex. App.—Houston [1st Dist] Aug. 26, 1993, pet. refd)
           (mem. op., not designated for publication). Our mandate issued on March 9, 1994, and
K 7"''     provided, in relevant part, the following:
                              The cause came on to be heard on the record of the court
                              below, and the same being considered, because it is the
                              opinion of this Court that there was no error in the judgment,
                              it is ordered, adjudged, and decreed by the Court that the
                              judgment be in ail things AFFIRMED, and the appellant pay
                              all costs in this behalf expended and that this decision be
5j3                           certified below for observance. '
           The Clerk of this Court previously mailed copies ofjthe certified docket sheet, mandate,.                                          -v
           and opinion to appellant on October 20, 2009. C BLfr Ue Ten^ere^ r\o *TtiQtMBJT *let • J
                        On March 13, 2015, appellant, proceeding pro se and incarcerated, filed an
           amended motion, dated March 10, 2015, to recall our 1994 mandate, as well as the
           mandate in four other causes, as void, pursuant to Texas Rule of Appellate Procedure
           18.7, and incorporated his prior letter-motions to recall the mandate. Appellant
           apparently claims that there was no proper rendition of judgment because, among other
           reasons, the criminal complaint was apparently time-stamped when the trial clerk's office
           was closed, the copy of the opinion he attached to his motions, apparently received from
           the Clerk of this Court, was not physically signed by Justice O'Connor, and because the



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i+(tous+ fan J Adum."* CPsSe ini-rte tifte/Uic fiMcai^J.a
        copies of the opinion and mandate, which he apparently received from the trial clerk, did
        not contain the same certified file marks as those from the Clerk of this Court. On June
        24, 2009, we had previously dismissed, for lack of jurisdiction, appellant's similar pro se
        motion to recall our 1994 mandate as void for failure of this Court to render its judgment. ••#•
               In any event, after our mandate issued on March 9, 1994, our plenary power
        expired, and we lack jurisdiction to vacate or modify our judgment. See Tex. R. App. P.
        19.3. While Rule 19.3(b) allows us to recall our mandate as these rules provide after our
        plenary power has expired, recalling our mandate only occurs if we have first vacated or
        modified our judgment, which has not occurred. See Tex. R. App. P. 18.7, 19.3(b).
            " Accordingly, appellant's amended motion to recall the mandate is dismissed for
        want ofjurisdiction. The Court dismisses all pending motions as moot.
             " It is so ORDERED. THUS iv*UiiLLPULLl s hCtitiQ 'UUDER COLOR Df LAu3 *iX
         'MMWoSOEVeK. . . . " \£ U.S.C. 1 2^2.
        Judge's signature:   Is/ Laura C. Higlev
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        Date: March24, 2Q15e          :         ,      .       ,     .,   • , i
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                   Kings- Moses predicted that sometime after the land
                   was settled the people would request a king (17:14-
                                      20). The king must be chosen by the Lord. He was to
                                      be an Israelite, not a foreigner. He was to make a
                                      personal copy of the Book of the Law and read it
                                      throughout his reign. King and commoner alike were
                                      equal under the Law, andthe king must recognize
                                      that fact if he wished to have a successful reign.
                                      Priests- The whole tribe of Levi, including the priests
                                      who were descendants of Aaron, were to have no
                                      inheritance in the Promised Land. The Lord was their
                                      inheritance. They would live from the gifts which the
                                      people brought to the Lord.These included portions
                                      of certain sacrificial animals and the first fruits of
                                      crops and wool. Levites who became full time
                                      ministers at the sanctuary were entitled to their
                                      maintenance even though they might have acquired
                                      some wealth from the sale of family possessions
                                      elsewhere (Deut 18:1-8).
                                      Prophets- A prophet was a person who served as a
                                      channel of communication between the human and
                                      divine worlds. The biblical prophets played a crucial
                                      role in the development of God's people. The
                                      prophet was responsible for dispatching God's word
                                      to God's people. He was not to distort the word nor
                                      was he to add his opinion. His job was to deliver the
                                      word to the people free of contamination( Deut.
                                      18.9-22) TVxtdl "PrediCi*1' Pi odVAvi "d «,
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                                  A. Cities of Refuge
                                  '   Taking a life, even accidentally, was a serious matter
                                      under the Law. One guilty of manslaughter had to
                                      flee for safety to one of six cities of refuge. These
                                      cities were situated three in Transjordan and three in
                                      Canaan. The cities of refuge offered sanctuary from
                                      the "avenger of blood." Some think the "avenger of
                                      blood" was a kinsman of the dead person who in
                                      rage might kill the guilty party. Others have
                                      suggested that the avenger might be a government
                                      appointed functionary. Mo sanctuary was offered
                                      anyone guilty of premeditated murder. The elders of
                                      the hometown of the murderer would order him
                                      returned. He would then be handed over to the
                                      avenger of blood, presumably after a trial had been
                                      conducted. Only by execution of the murderer could
                                      the stain of innocent blood be removed from the
                                      land (19:1-13).
                                  •   Another serious matter was the removal of a
                                      boundary stone. According to 27:17 one guilty of this
                                      crime came under the curse of God. Why this brief
                                      law is inserted here is unclear. Perhaps it has
                                      something to do with jurisdictional disputes in the
                                      prosecution of murderers (19:14).




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                      XI. Social/Civil'Lawscant.
                      Firstborn Animals (Deut. 15:19-23)
                      The firstborn male animals, like the Sabbath, belonged
                      to the Lord. These animals were not to be worked or
                      used for the benefit of man. The firstborn were to be
                      eaten at festivals in the sanctuary. Of course if the
                      animal was flawed it could not be presented to the Lord.
                      A substitution had to be made, and the flawed animal
                      could then be eaten at home.

                      Annual Feasts (Deut. 16:1-17)
                     There were three categories of unclean animals (ch. 14),
                     three temptations to idolatry (ch. 13), three prohibitions
                     against eating blood (12:16, 23; 15:23), three uses of the
                      phrase "the place which the Lord your God will choose"
                     in chapter 14 and six uses in both chapters 12 and 16.
                     So now three times each year all the males are to
                     appear before the Lord at the sanctuary. None was to
                     appear empty handed. Each was to bring an offering in
                     proportion to the way he had been blessed (16:16-17).
                     1. Passover and Unleavened Bread came in Abib
                     (March/April). Passover was a celebration of deliverance
                     from bondage. The unleavened bread was a reminder of
                     the hasty departure from Egypt. Although the Passover
                     could only be sacrificed at the sanctuary, the seven days
                     of unleavened bread applied throughout the land. The
                     seventh day of the festival was a sabbath (16:1-8).




                     (Deut. 16:1-17)
                     2. Seven weeks after the beginning of harvest the Feast
                     of Weeks was celebrated. The more precise date for this
                     festival is given in Leviticus 23:15-16. This one-day feast
                     was a time for freewill offerings to the Lord and for
                     celebration by the entire family. Generosity toward the
                     needy was stimulated by recollections of their time of
                     servitude in Egypt (16:9-12)
                     3. At the conclusion of the fall harvest the joyous Feast
                     of Tabernacles was celebrated for seven days. Again, this
                     was a time of family fellowship and sharing with the less
                     fortunate. The entire feast was in essence a sabbath
                     celebrating work well done and blessing of God (16:13-
                     15).

                     LevbI12-Daut. fS.18-17.13 d
                     Government Among God's People-
                     Judges- Judges were appointed by the people in every
                     town. These men were not above the law. They were not
                     permitted to show partiality, pervert justice or accept
                     bribes. Most of this paragraph, however, is about the
                     people themselves; 'you' not "they." All of God's people
                     are to measure up to the high standards set forjudges
                     (16:18-20). The judges would have the special
                     responsibility of investigating alleged religious
                     corruption. Difficult cases were to be taken to the
                     sanctuary to be adjudicated by the priests and "the
                     judge who is in office at that time," (i.e., the high priest).



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