                   IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF IOWA

                                      No. 13-1016
                                  Filed April 16, 2014


PR PUB, LLC d/b/a THE QUARRY,
     Plaintiff-Appellant,

vs.

IOWA ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES DIVISION,
     Defendant-Appellee.
________________________________________________________________


      Appeal from the Iowa District Court for Scott County, Mark J. Smith,

Judge.



      PR Pub, LLC, d/b/a The Quarry, appeals from the district court’s decision

affirming the Iowa Alcoholic Beverages Division’s denial of its liquor license

renewal application. AFFIRMED.




      Dennis D. Jasper, Bettendorf, for appellant.

      Thomas J. Miller, Attorney General, and John R. Lundquist, Assistant

Attorney General, for appellee.



      Considered by Doyle, P.J., Bower, J., and Goodhue, S.J.*

      *Senior judge assigned by order pursuant to Iowa Code section 602.9206 (2013).
                                            2


DOYLE, P.J.

       PR Pub, LLC, d/b/a The Quarry, appeals from the district court’s decision

affirming the Iowa Alcoholic Beverages Division’s denial of its liquor license

renewal application. We affirm.

I.     Background Facts and Proceedings

       Patrick Rupp is the sole owner of PR Pub, LLC.                 PR Pub, LLC does

business as The Quarry, a Davenport bar/tavern. In 2010, Rupp applied for a

liquor license for The Quarry. The Iowa Alcoholic Beverages Division (the ABD)

issued a liquor license to The Quarry in April 2010.

       The ABD subsequently received information from an anonymous source

indicating   Rupp’s    liquor     license       application     may    have   contained

misrepresentations. The ABD referred the complaint to the Division of Criminal

Investigation. An investigation revealed Rupp’s application failed to disclose his

criminal history. Specifically, in the application, Rupp was asked whether he had

ever been “convicted of a felony offense in Iowa or any other state” or “charged,

arrested, indicted, convicted or received a deferred judgment for any violation of

any state, county, city, federal, or foreign law.”            Even though he had been

convicted of possession of a controlled substance (cocaine) in 2004, trespass in

2002, and operating while intoxicated in 1993, Rupp answered “No,” “No,” and

“None” to the questions pertaining to this information on his application.

       Rupp filed a license renewal application for The Quarry in 2011. Again,

Rupp answered “No,” “No,” and “None” to the questions pertaining to his criminal

history, despite the fact Rupp was arrested for operating while intoxicated in April

2010 and received a deferred judgment for that charge in August 2010. One day
                                           3


after the renewal application was submitted,1 Rupp attempted to amend his

application in regard to his criminal history.2

       In June 2011, the ABD denied Rupp’s renewal application upon its

determination Rupp “failed to disclose criminal history in the application which is

a misrepresentation of material facts” such that he did not “meet the standards of

‘good moral character’” to hold a license in Iowa.

       The ABD’s decision was affirmed on appeal by an administrative law

judge in October 2011 and the ABD administrator in February 2012.                  The

administrator’s decision on appeal stated:

       The Licensee asserts that the false answers provided on the
       criminal history screens of the initial and renewal electronic license
       applications were unintentional. Licensee testimony suggests that
       the criminal history questions were answered incorrectly because of
       careless reading.
              [However, t]he questions contained on the criminal history
       screens of the electronic license application are clear and easily
       understood . . . .
              When filing the initial electronic licensing application on
       March 5, 2010, the Licensee should have disclosed the 2004
       possession of controlled substance (cocaine) charge and
       conviction, the 2002 trespass charge and conviction, the 1994
       theft—4th degree charge and dismissal, and the 1993 operating
       while intoxicated charge and conviction. Based on the review of
       the records, hearing testimony and other information reviewed by
       the Administrator, the Licensee did not disclose any criminal history
       on the licensing applications. The evidence is undisputable that the
       Licensee filed the renewal electronic licensing application on March
       3, 2011, and the Licensee should have divulged the 2010 charge
       and deferred judgment for operating while intoxicated, especially
       when considering the deferred judgment was within the previous 7
       months.


1
  The ABD deems the applications “filed” at the time they are signed and submitted.
2
  According to Rupp, his office manager filed the license applications for The Quarry on
his behalf. Rupp asserts after the application renewal was filed, he “immediately
remembered that he had some criminal conduct on his record” and he then “immediately
contacted ABD to correct his answers.”
                                           4


               The fact the Licensee did not disclose any criminal history on
       the renewal licensing application, and even after the Licensee
       submitted an amended criminal history for the renewal of the liquor
       license on March 4, 2011, the multiple charges and their
       dispositions were omitted. The Licensee is responsible to complete
       the liquor license application by providing accurate responses to all
       questions and the Licensee failed to on both the initial and renewal
       electronic licensing applications.
               Furthermore, the Licensee rationalized the incorrect criminal
       history answers by claiming that there was a failure to confirm the
       responses provided by those authorized to complete the forms
       before the applications were filed with the ABD. The applicant
       signature screen for the initial and renewal electronic licensing
       applications contained specific language, alerting the applicant that
       their signature declares all information contained in the application
       is true and correct and that misrepresentation of material facts in
       the application is a crime and grounds for denial of the license or
       permit under Iowa law. On March 5, 2010, and March 3, 2011,
       Rupp signed and acknowledged those terms. Consequently, the
       Licensee was put on notice on two separate occasions that failure
       to comply could result in the denial of the license.
               The licensing process is reliant on licensees being forthright
       in their responses to all questions contained in the licensing
       application. What is in question in this particular case is whether
       the Licensee has the requisite “good moral character” for renewal
       of the license, not whether the omitted charges would have been
       grounds for denial of the liquor license. The Licensee actions failed
       to prove they have the requisite “good moral character” for renewal
       of the liquor license.
               The Administrator does not find the justifications argued for
       not disclosing the Licensee’s criminal history persuasive. To
       excuse irresponsibility and not hold accountable a Licensee who
       does not ensure that the application is true and correct or allow
       misrepresented material fact in the license application on multiple
       occasions is not a reasonable conclusion.             Therefore, the
       Administrator concludes the Licensee does not possess “good
       moral character” to hold a liquor license in Iowa.

       The    Quarry filed     a petition for judicial review challenging the

administrator’s decision.       In May 2013, the district court affirmed the

administrator’s final decision, stating in part:

             It is reasonable that ABD used the dishonest application on
       record to come to the conclusion that Rupp intended to deceive
       ABD. It is reasonable that ABD could have determined with the
                                              5


         evidence on the record that Rupp’s honesty during the licensure
         process would be material to granting a license. It is also
         reasonable that ABD found scienter through Rupp’s lack of regard
         for whether a representation is true or false.
                The Quarry argues this is not the case, as they contacted
         the ABD attempting to amend the application. The Quarry asserts
         correctly, that they meet the other necessary qualifications for
         licensure and these non-disclosures, if all information had been
         disclosed would not have impacted licensure. However, the failure
         to be forthcoming in the application impacts licensing. ABD states
         corrections to the application were done after the denial. ABD also
         asserts that Rupp was not completely forthcoming in amending the
         record by not including the second OWI offense. This is a wholly
         discretionary area for ABD. Agencies are granted the necessary
         discretion to make licensing decisions. Burns v. Board of Nursing,
         495 N.W.2d 698, 700 (Iowa 1993).
                ABD could reasonably find that Rupp did not possess the
         good moral character required for a Class C Liquor License, based
         on Rupp’s actions during the licensure process.            There is
         substantial evidence on the record that would allow a reasonable
         person to find that this may have been the case.

         The Quarry appeals.3

II.      Standard of Review

         It must first be noted that our review of final agency action is “severely

circumscribed.”       See Greenwood Manor v. Iowa Dep’t of Pub. Health, 641

N.W.2d 823, 839 (Iowa 2002); Sellers v. Emp’t Appeal Bd., 531 N.W.2d 645, 646

(Iowa Ct. App. 1995). Nearly all disputes are won or lost at the agency level; the

cardinal rule of administrative law is that judgment calls are within the province of

the administrative tribunal, not the courts. See id.

         We review final agency action for corrections of errors at law. Sunrise

Ret. Cmty. v. Iowa Dep’t of Human Servs., 833 N.W.2d 216, 219 (Iowa 2013).

We apply the standards of chapter 17A (2011) of the Iowa Administrative

Procedure Act to agency action to determine if our conclusions are the same as

3
    The Quarry sought and was granted an extension of time to file its appeal.
                                         6

the district court’s conclusions. See id. We are bound by the agency’s findings

of facts if they are supported by substantial evidence. Id.; see also Iowa Code

§ 17A.19(10). “‘Substantial evidence’ means the quantity and quality of evidence

that would be deemed sufficient by a neutral, detached, and reasonable person,

to establish the fact at issue . . . .” Iowa Code § 17A.19(10)(f)(1). We will not

interfere with an agency’s decision when reasonable minds might disagree or

there is a conflict in the evidence. Organic Techs. Corp. v. State ex. rel. Iowa

Dep’t of Natural Res., 609 N.W.2d 809, 815 (Iowa 2000). “We apply agency

findings broadly and liberally to uphold, rather than to defeat, an agency’s

decision.” Id. “On appeal, our task ‘is not to determine whether the evidence

supports a different finding; rather, our task is to determine whether substantial

evidence . . . supports the findings actually made.’” Mike Brooks, Inc. v. House,

___ N.W.2d ___, ___, 2014 WL 890152, *4 (Iowa 2014) (quoting Cedar Rapids

Cmty. Sch. Dist. v. Pease, 807 N.W.2d 839, 845 (Iowa 2011)).

       The issue presented in this appeal is a mixed issue of fact and law—

whether substantial evidence supports the facts relied on by the ABD to conclude

The Quarry misrepresented material facts on its liquor license applications such

that it failed to maintain the requisite good moral character to retain its license.

“The legislature delegated to the ABD the power to enforce, implement, and

administer the laws concerning beer, wine, and alcoholic liquor contained in

chapter 123 of the code.”     Auen v. Alcoholic Beverages Div., Iowa Dep’t of

Commerce, 679 N.W.2d 586, 590 (Iowa 2004). Accordingly, we will not reverse

the ABD’s interpretation of Iowa Code chapter 123’s licensing standards unless it

is “irrational, illogical, or wholly unjustifiable,” or unless the ABD’s decision is
                                         7


unreasonable, arbitrary or capricious or characterized by an abuse of discretion

or a clearly unwarranted exercise of discretion. See Iowa Code § 17A.19(10)(l),

(m) & (n).

III.   Discussion

       The Quarry claims there was not substantial evidence in the record to

justify the ABD’s decision not to renew its liquor license. The ABD counters that

its decision was supported by substantial evidence and well within the authority

granted by the Iowa Alcoholic Beverage Control Act. See Iowa Code ch. 123.

       The Iowa Alcoholic Beverage Control Act was created for the protection of

the “welfare, health, peace, morals, and safety of the people of the state,” and

accordingly, the provisions shall be liberally construed to ensure its purpose is

accomplished. Id. § 123.1. The Act provides that a liquor license may be issued

to any person of “good moral character.” Id. § 123.30(1)(a). A “person of good

moral character” means “[t]he person has such financial standing and good

reputation as will satisfy the administrator that the person will comply with this

chapter and all laws, ordinances, and regulations applicable to the person’s

operations under this chapter . . . .” Id. § 123.3(26)(a). The ABD has further

promulgated certain regulations to help guide the administrator in its

determination of an applicant’s reputation:

               A local authority or the administrator may consider an
       applicant’s financial standing and good reputation in addition to the
       other requirements and conditions for obtaining a liquor control
       license, wine or beer permit . . . .
               b. In evaluating an applicant’s “good reputation,” the local
       authority or the administrator may consider such factors as, but not
       limited to, the following: . . . licensee or permittee convictions for
       violations of laws relating to operating a motor vehicle while under
       the influence of drugs or alcohol, the recency of convictions under
                                           8


       laws relating to operating a motor vehicle while under the influence
       of drugs or alcohol, licensee or permittee misdemeanor convictions,
       the recency of the misdemeanor convictions.

Iowa Admin. Code r. 185-4.2.

       An applicant who fails to disclose information specifically requested by the

ABD jeopardizes the legitimacy and safety of the licensing procedures of the

Iowa Alcoholic Beverage Control Act. Moreover, in determining an applicant’s

“good moral character,” the division is granted the authority to assess the

applicant’s “good reputation” by reviewing his misdemeanor convictions, along

with any other factors it deems appropriate. See id. (stating administrator is not

limited to consideration of factors specifically listed).

       In this case, we conclude the ABD’s factual findings are supported by

substantial evidence, and we do not believe the ABD’s interpretation of chapter

123’s licensing standards under these facts was irrational, illogical, or wholly

unjustifiable. The fact the ABD gave weight to Rupp’s dishonesty—or at the very

least his lack of oversight to ensure the veracity of his applications—in

determining his “good moral character” does not make the ABD’s decision

unreasonable, an abuse of discretion, or arbitrary and capricious. Accordingly,

we affirm the decision of the district court affirming the ABD’s denial of The

Quarry’s liquor license renewal application.

       AFFIRMED.
