IN TI-IE, SUPREME COURT OF TI-[E STATE OF DELAWARE

WARREN J. WYANT, §
§ No. 369, 2015
Defendant Below- §
Appellant, § Court Below: Superior Court
§ of the State of Delaware
v. §
§
STATE OF DELAWARE, § ID No. 83 000839DI
§
Plaintiff Below- §
Appellee. §

Submitted: April 20, 2016
Decided: May 25, 2016

Before HOLLAND, VALIHURA, and VAUGHN, Justices.
0 R D E R

On this 25"‘ day of May 20l6, it appears to the Court that:

(1) Defendant-Below/Appellant Warren J. Wyant appeals from a Superior
Court order modifying the effective date of his sentence. Wyant makes one claim on
appeaI. He contends that the trial court erred when it modified the effective date of
his sentence but did not modify a projected release date set forth in a note in the
sentence order.' We find any error regarding the release date note to be harmless for

the reasons set forth below. Therefore, we affirm the judgment of the Superior Court.

' Wyant also claims that the trial court erred in applying his good time credit by incorporating his
good time calculations through reference to an exhibit. However, Supreme Court.Rule 14 bars an
appellant’s attempt to incorporate arguments by referencing documents or materials outside of the
brief. Ploofv. State, 75 A.3d 811, 822 (Del. 2014). Therefore, Wyant’s claim is waived.

(2) On November 8, 1983, Wyant was convicted of two counts of Rape First
Degree,z attempted Rape First Degree, Kidnapping First Degree,"" and Robbery First
Degree." On March 16, l984, Wyant was sentenced to four consecutive life sentences
plus fifteen years. Wyant was sixteen years old when he committed the crimes.

(3) In 20l0, the United States Supreme Court held that a life sentence without
parole for a juvenile convicted of a non-homicidal offense was in violation of the
Eighth Amendment.§ In response, Delaware’s General Assembly enacted 1 1 Del. C.
§ 4204A, which permits ajuvenile offender sentenced to life for a non-homicide
crime to petition the Superior Court for sentence modification after serving twenty
years of the original sentence.°

(4) In June 2013, the same month Section 4204A was enacted, Wyant filed a
motion to have his sentence modified After several conferences and a psychiatric
evaluation, a hearing was held in February 20I4. At the hearing, the trial court
determined that Wyant should be released from Level V confinement on or about
January 16, 2020. The trial court engaged in sentence calculations and concluded that

the unsuspended Level V time of the sentence to achieve this result, after taking into

1 11 De). c. §773.

3 11 Del. c. § 7s3A.

" ll Dc’[. C.  832.

5 Gralza)n v. Florida, 560 U.S. 48, 82 (2010).
" 11 Del. C. §42041¢\(¢1)(1).

account all eligible good time credits, was 56 years, six months. In March 2014, the
trial court circulated a modified sentencing order for comments. After the State and
Wyant’s counsel responded, the trial court requested a conference for further
discussion and requested that counsel confer regarding a mutually agreeable
sentencing order.

(5) The conference was held in April 2014, and a revised modified sentencing
order was circulated in May 2014. On July 22, 2014, the trial court entered the
modified sentencing order with an effective date of November 8, l983, that being the
date that Wyant was transferred from a juvenile detention facility to an adult
detention facility. The sentencing order sentenced Wyant to Level V confinement
suspended after 56 years, six months. ln the notes section of the order, the sentencing
judge stated:

The Court’s intent is that defendant be released from Level 5
custody on or about january 16, 2020. The Court retains
jurisdiction to H.lrther modify this sentence if it should later
appear that the Defendant has earned all eligible good time
credits, but that the adjusted release date becomes an operative
date beyond January 26, 2020.7

The reference to January 26, rather than January 16, at the end, appears to be a

typographical error.

7 Appe|lee’s Ans. Br. App. at B4-5.

L'_,_;\ .

(6) In August 2014, Wyant filed an appeal with this Court claiming that the
trial court erred by failing to use an effective date for the sentence order of October
19, 1982, that being the date he entered juvenile detention.s The State agreed with
Wyant as to the proper effective date.° This Court subsequently vacated the modified
sentencing order and remanded the matter for a new sentencing hearing. '°

(7) A new sentencing hearing was held on July 15, 201 5, and the trial court
entered a second modified sentencing order which changed the effective date to
October 19, 1982. The 2015 order was otherwise identical to the 2014 order. In the
notes section, the trial court repeated the note from the 2014 sentence order and added
a note that the order was being modified only to reflect the new effective date and that
all other terms and conditions remained the same. Thus, the note stating that it was
the judge’s intent that the defendant be released on or about January 16, 2020
remained in the new order. After this appeal was initiated, Wyant was granted parole
effective July l, 2018.

(8) We review a trial court’s sentencing order for abuse of discretion, but that

review is "extremely limited."" "Our review ends upon a determination that the

3 Wyalti v. SIGI€, 2015 WL 1975812, al *l (Del. Apl'. 30, 2015).
9 Id.

'° 1a

" Kurz)nann v. Stare, 903 A.2d 702, 714 (Del. 2006).

4

sentence is within the statutory limits prescribed by the legislature." '2 "Delaware law
requires that, when a prison sentence is imposed, the sentencing order must be
specific as to the beginning and ending dates of the prison term.""‘

(9) The second modified sentencing order imposed the same 56 years, six
months as the first modified order. The difference is that the 56 years, six months
now runs from October 19, 1982 instead of November 8, 1983. Advancing the
effective date has the effect of advancing the release date. The State agrees that this
change has the effect of advancing his release to a date before January 16, 2020.
Once the defendant has served 56 years, six months less all earned good time, he must
be released even if that date is prior to January 16, 2020. To maintain a release date
of January 16, 2020, the court would have had to increase the 56 years, six months,
but it did not. The notes cannot override the calculation of the proper release date
based upon a term of 56 years, six months from October 19, l982, less good time,
lt would have been the better practice for the sentencing judge to add a new note
explaining that the release date note was no longer applicable, but we find the failure
to do so to be harrnless. Moreover, Wyant has now been granted parole effective July

l, 2018, adding to the harmlessness of any error relating to the note.

|2 
'3 Zzzppo v. S!ale, 2008 WL 5064901, at *2 (Del. Dec. 2, 2008).

5

NOW, Tl-lEREFORE, IT IS ORDERED that the judgment of the Superior

C0urt is AFFIRMED.

BY TI-[E COURT:

 

