                                                                                      September 8 2015


                                           DA 14-0576
                                                                                       Case Number: DA 14-0576

                  IN THE SUPREME COURT OF THE STATE OF MONTANA

                                          2015 MT 269N



IN RE THE MARRIAGE OF:

RICHARD T. VIRGA,

              Petitioner and Appellant,

         v.

AMANDA M. VIRGA,

              Respondent and Appellee.



APPEAL FROM:           District Court of the Fourth Judicial District,
                       In and For the County of Missoula, Cause No. DR-13-86
                       Honorable Karen S. Townsend, Presiding Judge


COUNSEL OF RECORD:

                For Appellant:

                       Joan E. Cook, Law Office of Joan E. Cook; Missoula, Montana

                For Appellee:

                       Amanda M. Styles (self-represented); Lolo, Montana



                                                   Submitted on Briefs: July 15, 2015
                                                              Decided: September 8, 2015


Filed:

                       __________________________________________
                                         Clerk
Justice Michael E Wheat delivered the Opinion of the Court.

¶1     Pursuant to Section I, Paragraph 3(c), Montana Supreme Court Internal Operating

Rules, this case is decided by memorandum opinion and shall not be cited and does not

serve as precedent. Its case title, cause number, and disposition shall be included in this

Court’s quarterly list of noncitable cases published in the Pacific Reporter and Montana

Reports.

¶2     Richard T. Virga (Richard) appeals from the order of the Montana Fourth Judicial

District Court, Missoula County, adopting a final parenting plan. We affirm.

¶3     In April 2008, a child was born to Richard and Amanda Virga (Amanda). Richard

and Amanda were married on October 3, 2009. In March 2012, a second child was born

to Richard and Amanda. On February 8, 2013, Richard filed a petition for a temporary

order of protection in Missoula County Justice Court, which excluded Amanda from the

marital home and denied her contact with the parties’ children. On February 11, 2013,

Richard filed a petition for dissolution of marriage and proposed parenting plan and

removed the temporary order of protection from Justice Court to District Court. After

conducting a hearing on the order of protection, which was dismissed, the District Court

appointed a Guardian ad Litem (GAL), at Amanda’s request, to assist the District Court

in deciding on an appropriate parenting plan.

¶4     In her initial report the GAL recommended a “primary home model” parenting

plan with the children living primarily with Amanda and Richard having parenting time

two nights per week and weekends. In the GAL’s final report she recommended a 50/50



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shared time parenting plan primarily to minimize the co-parenting conflict between

Richard and Amanda.

¶5     On March 5, 2014, the District Court held an evidentiary hearing on the

outstanding issues in the case, which included the determination of a final parenting plan.

The District Court heard testimony by witnesses from both parties regarding parenting

plan recommendations.       The GAL testified her recommendation of 50/50 shared

parenting time was not in line with the District Court’s parenting guidelines, but would

be useful to minimize contact between Richard and Amanda.              Catherine Jenni, a

professor in counseling education who was called by Amanda to comment on the GAL’s

recommendations, testified the GAL’s recommendations were not in agreement with the

current understanding of child development or the District Court’s primary home

parenting guideline. The District Court found the primary home parenting guideline

initially recommended by the GAL and subsequently recommended by Professor Jenni

was in the best interests of the children. Based on its findings the court entered an order

adopting a primary-home modeled parenting plan as the final parenting plan.

¶6     On appeal, Richard argues the District Court erred by failing to establish the final

parenting plan was in the best interests of the children, and failing to state its reasoning

on the record. He also argues the District Court erred when it relied on Professor Jenni’s

expert testimony to the exclusion of the testimony of the GAL to determine the final

parenting plan.

¶7     In a parenting determination we review a district court’s findings of fact to

determine whether they are clearly erroneous. In re Marriage of Schmidt, 2014 MT 182,

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¶ 8, 375 Mont. 420, 329 P.3d 570. A district court’s parenting determination will be

overturned only upon a clear abuse of discretion. Marriage of Schmidt, ¶ 8.

¶8    A district court must determine child custody in accord with the best interests of

the child and take into consideration all relevant factors, including those delineated by

statute. Section 40-4-212, MCA. While a district court must consider the statutorily

enumerated factors when making its determination, we have held it need not make a

specific finding as to each.   In re the Marriage of Graham, 2008 MT 435, ¶ 19,

347 Mont. 483, 199 P.3d 211.

¶9    The District Court made several findings that address the § 40-4-212, MCA,

factors. It found through the GAL’s investigations that both parents were loving parents

who were able to work together to meet the children’s needs. However, the court also

noted Richard and Amanda struggle when communicating with each other and their

co-parenting communication was of specific concern. These findings effectively address

the continuity and stability of the children’s care found at § 40-4-212(h), MCA. Further,

the court found the parents’ interim 9:00 p.m. weeknight exchange schedule was not in

the best interests of the children. This finding speaks to § 40-4-212(e), MCA, the mental

and physical health of the children. Ultimately, the court considered testimony from the

GAL and Amanda’s expert and found the GAL’s initial recommended plan along with

certain modifications would address the parental communication issues and provide

appropriate parenting time for both parents. We conclude that the court adequately

considered the children’s best interests in adopting a primary-home modeled final

parenting plan.

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¶10    We have determined to decide this case pursuant to Section I, Paragraph 3(c) of

our Internal Operating Rules, which provides for memorandum opinions. In the opinion

of the Court, the case presents a question controlled by settled law or by the clear

application of applicable standards of review. The District Court’s interpretation and

application of the law were not an abuse of discretion.

¶11    Affirmed.

                                                 /S/ MICHAEL E WHEAT

We Concur:

/S/ MIKE McGRATH
/S/ PATRICIA COTTER
/S/ LAURIE McKINNON
/S/ JIM RICE




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