                                    In The
                               Court of Appeals
                      Seventh District of Texas at Amarillo

                                    No. 07-15-00198-CV


                           IN RE LANITIA TALLEY, RELATOR

                                ORIGINIAL PROCEEDING

                                       June 22, 2015

                             MEMORANDUM OPINION
                    Before CAMPBELL and HANCOCK and PIRTLE, JJ.


       Relator, Lanitia Talley, petitioned this Court to issue a writ of mandamus ordering

respondent, the Honorable John J. McClendon III, to hear a de novo appeal of the

Associate Judge’s recommendations regarding Talley’s standing to intervene in a suit

affecting parent-child relationship. We will conditionally grant the petition.


                           Factual and Procedural Background


       Talley is the paternal grandmother of I.D. However, the parent-child relationship

between Talley’s son and I.D. was previously terminated and I.D. was adopted by the

Dixons.   In August 2013, the Texas Department of Family and Protective Services

(Department) filed a petition for protection of a child, for conservatorship, and for
termination of the Dixon’s parental rights to I.D. due to alleged neglect and emotional

abuse.1 After adversary hearings were held, the Department was named temporary

managing conservator of I.D.


        In November of 2013, Talley filed a petition in intervention in the termination

proceeding that the Department had filed against the Dixons.                          By her intervention,

Talley sought custody of I.D. The Dixons filed a motion to strike Talley’s intervention on

the basis that she lacked standing.               In April of 2014, Associate Judge Hart held a

hearing on the motion to strike. By letter, he ruled that Talley did not have standing

because, since her son’s parental rights had previously been terminated, Talley was no

longer a family member of I.D. and Talley did not have “substantial past contact” with

I.D. On the same day as the letter ruling, Talley filed a request for a de novo hearing

before the referring court.


        After filing her request for de novo hearing, Talley propounded discovery to the

Department and Dixons. The parties objected to Talley’s discovery on the basis that

she did not have standing and had been struck from the case by the associate judge. In

response to the parties’ refusal to respond to her discovery, Talley filed a motion to

compel with the trial court.


        Efforts were made by the trial court and the parties to set a date for the de novo

hearing.     As the scheduled date for the final hearing on the underlying termination

approached, on August 18, 2014, Talley filed a motion that, inter alia, requested that the

de novo hearing be set and that the final hearing on the termination be stayed. The

        1
          In addition to I.D., this petition sought the termination of the Dixons’ parental rights to nine of ten
children they had adopted over the years, including I.D.’s half-sibling.

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final hearing was continued twice for reasons unrelated to Talley. The final hearing was

ultimately set for January 5, 2015.    However, that final hearing was continued until

August 17, 2015. No final order has been entered in the termination proceeding.


       By her petition for writ of mandamus, Talley contends that she is entitled to a de

novo hearing before the referring court because she timely filed her appeal of the

associate judge’s recommendations regarding her standing to intervene in the current

proceedings. She contends that the trial court clearly abused its discretion in failing to

hold a de novo hearing and that she does not have an adequate remedy by appeal.

She also contends that she is entitled to mandamus relief compelling the Department

and Dixons to respond to discovery that she contends is vital to her appeal.


                                  Mandamus Standard


       Mandamus is an extraordinary remedy that is only available in limited

circumstances when necessary to correct a clear abuse of discretion or the violation of

a duty imposed by law when there is no other adequate remedy available by law. CSR

Ltd. v. Link, 925 S.W.2d 591, 596 (Tex. 1996) (orig. proceeding) (citing Walker v.

Packer, 827 S.W.2d 833, 840 (Tex. 1992) (orig. proceeding), and Johnson v. Fourth

Court of Appeals, 700 S.W.2d 916, 917 (Tex. 1985) (orig. proceeding)). The burden of

proving entitlement to mandamus relief rests on the relator and the burden is a heavy

one.   Canadian Helicopter Ltd. v. Wittig, 876 S.W.2d 304, 305 (Tex. 1994) (orig.

proceeding).




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                                      De Novo Hearing


      A party who timely appeals from the report of the associate judge is entitled to a

de novo hearing before the referring court. Harrell v. Harrell, 986 S.W.2d 629, 631

(Tex. App.—El Paso 1998, no pet.); Santikos v. Santikos, 920 S.W.2d 731, 733 (Tex.

App.—Houston [1st Dist.] 1996, writ denied); see TEX. FAM. CODE ANN. § 201.015 (West

2014). The referring court’s failure to hold a de novo hearing after a notice of appeal is

timely filed is mandatory and presumed harmful. Phagan v. Aleman, 29 S.W.3d 632,

635 (Tex. App.—Houston [1st Dist.] 2000, no pet.) (op. on reh’g) (citing Attorney Gen. of

Tex. v. Orr, 989 S.W.2d 464, 469 (Tex. App.—Austin 1999, no pet.)). A trial court’s

failure to hold a timely requested de novo hearing within thirty days is subject to

mandamus because such failure constitutes a clear abuse of discretion and remedy by

appeal is inadequate to protect this time designated right. See In re Jones, No. 05-07-

00879-CV, 2007 Tex. App. LEXIS 6255, at *3-4 (Tex. App.—Dallas Aug. 8, 2007, orig.

proceeding) (mem. op.); see also Lopez v. Lopez, 995 S.W.2d 896, 897 (Tex. App.—El

Paso 1999, no pet.) (op. on motion); Ex parte Brown, 875 S.W.2d 756, 760 (Tex. App.—

Fort Worth 1994, orig. proceeding).


      In the present case, Talley requested a de novo hearing on April 16, 2014, the

same day that she received notice of the substance of the associate judge’s report.

Thus, her appeal was timely filed. See TEX. FAM. CODE ANN. § 201.015(a). While there

were scheduling conflicts that delayed the de novo hearing, Talley was and remains

entitled to a de novo hearing and the trial court’s failure to provide the same may be

remedied by mandamus. As such, we will grant her petition for writ of mandamus



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regarding her right to a de novo hearing on the recommendations of the associate

judge.


                                         Discovery


         By her petition, Talley also requests mandamus to order the parties to respond to

her discovery requests. However, Talley’s discovery was propounded after the hearing

before the associate judge so it is not an issue subject to Talley’s right to de novo

hearing. Nothing in Talley’s brief identifies any right to mandamus relief as a means to

compel responses to discovery. While she cites to the proposition that mandamus relief

may be available when a party’s ability to present a viable claim or defense is severely

compromised by a court’s discovery error, see, e.g., In re Allied Chem. Corp., 227

S.W.3d 652, 658 (Tex. 2007) (orig. proceeding), Talley simply concludes that the

discovery that she seeks to compel “goes to the heart” of her ability to establish

standing to intervene. She does not identify any specific evidence that she seeks nor

does she explain how any evidence that she seeks is vital to her claims. We conclude

that such conclusory assertions are insufficient to establish Talley’s entitlement to

mandamus relief relating to the discovery issue.


                                        Conclusion


         Having determined that Talley is entitled to a de novo hearing on the issues that

were decided by the associate judge and that the trial court has failed to hold this

hearing, we conditionally grant Talley’s petition for writ of mandamus. The writ will only

issue in the event the trial court fails to hold a de novo hearing in compliance with Texas



                                             5
Family Code section 201.015 addressing those issues that were addressed in the

associate judge’s report within 30 days after the date of this opinion.




                                          Mackey K. Hancock
                                              Justice




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