                                NOT FOR PUBLICATION WITHOUT THE
                               APPROVAL OF THE APPELLATE DIVISION
        This opinion shall not "constitute precedent or be binding upon any court." Although it is posted on the
     internet, this opinion is binding only on the parties in the case and its use in other cases is limited. R. 1:36-3.




                                                         SUPERIOR COURT OF NEW JERSEY
                                                         APPELLATE DIVISION
                                                         DOCKET NO. A-2585-17T2

JENNIFER TORCASIO,
n/k/a JENNIFER JENNNINGS,

          Plaintiff-Respondent,

v.

DANIEL TORCASIO,

     Defendant-Appellant.
_____________________________

                    Argued January 22, 2019 – Decided February 5, 2019

                    Before Judges Messano and Gooden Brown.

                    On appeal from Superior Court of New Jersey,
                    Chancery Division, Family Part, Gloucester County,
                    Docket No. FM-08-0742-15.

                    Michelle L. Ferreri argued the cause for appellant
                    (Cordell Law, LLP, attorneys; Michelle L. Ferreri, on
                    the briefs).

                    Jennifer Jennings, respondent, argued the cause pro se.

PER CURIAM
        Defendant Daniel Torcasio and plaintiff Jennifer Jennings were married

in 2005, and three children were born of the marriage — twin boys, in 2009, and

a third son in 2011. Divorce proceedings began, and, following eleven days of

trial, on April 28, 2017, the Family Part judge entered an oral decision on the

record.1 Both parties lived in Monroe Township and worked in the same school

system, which the children had always attended. Plaintiff expressed a desire to

relocate to another town, Marlton, and remove the children from the Monroe

Township School District; defendant objected.

        The judge ordered continued "joint and legal custody" of the children.

Relevant to this appeal, the judge stated:

                     For this school year coming up . . . [,] which is
              '18 – '19,[2] [plaintiff] may choose the children's school
              provided that the school she chooses is in a town . . .
              contiguous to Monroe.

                    ....

                    So I am ordering that [plaintiff] could choose
              where she wishes to live. . . . But if she does [choose
              Marlton], the children will not be attending school in
              her town . . . .



1
    Transcripts of the trial were not provided.
2
  In subsequent colloquy with defense counsel, the judge corrected her mistake
and clarified she was ruling as to the 2017-18 school year.
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                                          2
The judge further stated that "with [thirty] days['] notice" to defendant, plaintiff

would be permitted to "reside in a town contiguous to Monroe" and "enroll her

children in that school."

      Regarding the 2018-19 school year, the judge mused that "should

[plaintiff] wish to make [a] move to one of the contiguous towns and transfer

the children out of Monroe . . . , well the longer she waits the harder it would be

to do . . . ." The judge added: "So it needs to be on a motion and I can't predict

how I would look at it . . . ." The judge also said: "Who knows what changed

circumstances there would be, but I'm not going to create any inferences or

direct orders as I am for the [2017-18] school year . . . ."     The judge filed a

judgment of divorce on May 5, 2017, which, by its terms provided "an

[a]mended [f]inal [j]udgment of [d]ivorce with [the] [c]ourt's decision w[ould]

be separately filed."

      On June 19, 2017, plaintiff moved to enroll the children in a parochial

school in Berlin, in Camden County, for the 2017-18 school year. Defendant

filed a cross-motion. On July 21, 2017, the judge entered an order denying

plaintiff's motion. The judge's written statement of reasons provided:

            The [c]ourt's decision of April 28, 2017 allowed
            [p]laintiff to pick the school for the children as long as
            she picked a school contiguous to Williamstown
            (Monroe Township), where the former marital home is

                                                                            A-2585-17T2
                                         3
            located and [defendant] currently resides. The [c]ourt
            finds [the Camden County school] is not contiguous to
            Williamstown. . . . The [c]ourt further noted that it
            could not require . . . the parties' children to attend a
            parochial school, unless both parties consented to the
            same . . . . Here, [d]efendant does not consent to the
            children attending this school. Therefore, the [c]ourt
            must deny [plaintiff's] request.

            [(Emphasis in original).]

      The judge also granted that portion of defendant's cross-motion regarding

the children's schooling for the 2017-18 school year.

                  Defendant's request . . . to register the minor
            children for the 2017-[]18 school year in Monroe
            Township School District pursuant to the [c]ourt's
            decision of April 28, 2017 IS GRANTED. . . . The
            [c]ourt finds that . . . the decision cannot be delayed any
            further. Additionally, [plaintiff] had significant time to
            choose a school contiguous to Williamstown, yet, she
            did not do so. Additionally, she has not suggested the
            local parochial school or explain why not. . . . [T]he
            [c]ourt did and continues to find that continuing the
            children's education in public schools in Monroe
            Township is not contrary to the children's best interest.

            [(Emphasis in original).]

The judge added that plaintiff must make a request by June 15, 2018 if she

decided to enroll the children in a school district in a town contiguous to Monroe

Township for the 2018-19 school year.




                                                                          A-2585-17T2
                                        4
      Apparently, without notice to the parties, the judge filed an amended dual

final judgment of divorce on December 29, 2017. Paragraph 8(c) provided:

            For the 2018-[]19 school year, [p]laintiff may select the
            school the children will attend in the event she relocates
            to a town that is contiguous to Monroe Township,
            however her selection is subject to requirement that she
            file her request by motion, providing notice of same no
            later than the end of the 2017-[]18 school year . . . . She
            need not show a change of circumstance, as the court
            placed on the record it's finding that the children's
            attendance in the school system where the parties both
            teach, may not be in the children's best interest. . . .
            [T]he children's best interest was consistent with
            [plaintiff's] concern; however, . . . proximity to
            [defendant's] home was essential to successful co-
            parenting . . . . The court required a notice of motion
            for the [p]laintiff's request . . . for the 2018-19 school
            year because the court cannot predict all of the
            children's circumstances in 2018 with respect to their
            best interests and school of attendance.

      Defendant filed a timely appeal, after which the judge filed a timely

amplification of the reasons supporting her decision. See R. 2:5-1(b). The judge

stated:

                   [T]he court added orally on the record a . . .
            condition that [plaintiff] file a motion . . . should she
            seek to exercise her school designation election for
            2018-[]19.[] The court intended to give the [p]laintiff[]
            adequate time to make this important decision, which
            the court found to be up to the beginning of the 2018
            school year. Therefore, in adding the condition of
            [p]laintiff [having to file] a motion regarding the 2018-
            []19 school year, the court did not intend to remove her

                                                                          A-2585-17T2
                                        5
              election and revert to the otherwise requisite change of
              circumstance showing in order to seek judicial approval
              for a change of the children's school district.

        Before us, the parties acknowledged that plaintiff filed a motion in the

Family Part to move the children to a different school while the appeal was

pending, but the judge properly refused to consider the motion because of a lack

of jurisdiction. See R. 2:9-1(a). We also were advised at oral argument that the

children were enrolled and remain enrolled in the same school district they have

always attended for the 2018-19 school year.

        Defendant contends paragraph 8(c) deviates from the judge's oral findings

in support of the original judgment of divorce. He further argues that issues

regarding the children's schooling in 2018-19 and beyond were not ripe for

adjudication when the amended final judgment of divorce was filed in December

2017.

        We agree that the judge's findings and conclusions were confusing at best

and in conflict at worst. Unfortunately, they provided little certainty to guide

the parties' litigation conduct after December 2017. However, the issues raised

by the inclusion of paragraph 8(c) in the final judgment are now moot.

        "Mootness is a threshold justiciability determination rooted in the notion

that judicial power is to be exercised only when a party is immediately


                                                                          A-2585-17T2
                                         6
threatened with harm." Betancourt v. Trinitas Hosp., 415 N.J. Super. 301, 311

(App. Div. 2010) (citing Jackson v. Dep't of Corr., 335 N.J. Super. 227, 231

(App. Div. 2000)). "Courts normally will not decide issues when a controversy

no longer exists, and the disputed issues have become moot." Ibid. (citing

DeVesa v. Dorsey, 134 N.J. 420, 428 (1993) (Pollock, J., concurring)).

      Here, paragraph 8(c) dealt only with school choice for the 2018-19 school

year, which is now half over. The children remain in the same school district

they have always attended, which was defendant's desired outcome.

      The parties advise that because of their ages, the twins will age out of their

school prior to the 2019-20 school year. We anticipate that unless plaintiff or

defendant otherwise put aside their differences and agree, the issue of school

choice will once again be before the Family Part for resolution.

      The appeal is dismissed as moot.




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