                            UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
                            FOR THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA



YING QING LU,

       Plaintiff,
               v.                                          Civil Action No. 11-1815 (JEB)
MARK LEZELL, et al.,

       Defendants.


                          MEMORANDUM OPINION AND ORDER

       Plaintiff Ying Qing “Lucy” Lu brought this action against Defendants Mark Lezell and

Isam Ghosh, contending that they had defrauded her out of over $100,000 in connection with an

unsuccessful investment. Three third parties – Oklahoma Shelf Exploration Development, LLC

(OSED), Bridges Financial, LLC, and Afshin Afsharnia – who are also represented by Plaintiff’s

counsel, now move to intervene under Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 24. Because the Motion

was not accompanied by a pleading setting out their claim, as required by Rule 24(c), the Motion

will be denied. Even if the Motion had been properly filed, intervention of right would still be

impermissible because Movants have not claimed an interest in the particular property or

transaction that is the subject of the suit. The proper course is for Plaintiff’s counsel to seek

leave of the Court to amend the Complaint to add these Movants as additional plaintiffs.

I.     Background

       Plaintiff filed her Amended Complaint in this matter on March 16, 2012. She asserted

causes of action for conspiracy under the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act,

18 U.S.C. §1961 et seq., breach of contract, civil conspiracy, breach of fiduciary duty,

negligence, and fraud/intentional misrepresentation. See ECF No. 16. OSED, Bridges, and

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Afsharnia have now filed the instant Motion, entitled “2nd Motion for Leave to Intervene or In

the Altenative [sic] for Joinder.” See ECF No. 24. They seek to “participate in the above

captioned matter” by way of intervention or joinder pursuant to Rules 19, 20, and 24. Id. at 1.

While the Motion generally asserts the propriety of joinder under Rules 19 and 20, it does not

make any argument as to why these rules would be applicable here. Rather, Movants present an

argument only for intervention as of right under Rule 24(a)(2) or, alternatively, for permissive

intervention under Rule 24(b). The Court will thus address only the intervention question.

II.     Analysis

        Rule 24(c) states in relevant part that a motion to intervene “must state the grounds for

intervention and be accompanied by a pleading that sets out the claim or defense for which

intervention is sought.” While the instant Motion contains the grounds for intervention, it is not

accompanied by any pleading – e.g., a complaint. The Court may “permit[] a degree of

flexibility with technical requirements” when the “position of the movant is apparent from other

filings.” Tachiona ex rel. Tachiona v. Mugabe, 186 F. Supp. 2d 383, 393 n.8 (S.D.N.Y. 2002).

In the current Motion, however, the position of Movants is not so apparent. This omission alone

thus requires a denial of the Motion.

        Even if Rule 24(c) had been satisfied, intervention as of right would still fail under Rule

24(a)(2) because Movants have not presented an interest in the particular property or transaction

at issue in the original action. Intervention as of right is only permissible if the movant “claims

an interest relating to the property or transaction that is the subject of the action, and is so

situated that disposing of the action may as a practical matter impair or impede the movant’s

ability to protect its interest, unless existing parties adequately represent that interest.” Fed. R.

Civ. P. 24(a)(2); see also SEC v. Prudential Sec. Inc., 136 F. 3d 153, 156 (D.C. Cir. 1998)



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(requiring as a prerequisite for intervention of right that “the applicant must demonstrate a

legally protected interest in the action”). In other words, Movants must demonstrate a

“significantly protectable interest” in the present litigation. Donaldson v. United States, 400 U.S.

517, 531 (1971); see also Voltage Pictures, LLC v. Vazquez, 277 F.R.D. 28, 31 (D.D.C. 2011)

(holding that the movant’s interest in protecting release of her identifying information and her

interest in due process did not warrant intervention). Movants have failed to demonstrate this

interest here.

        Movants nevertheless assert that “each has a substantial cash interest in this matter,” and

that all three are “similarly situated victims of frauds and schemes.” Mot. at 5. While this may

generally be true, such a conclusory statement does not explain in what specific property or

transaction they have an interest. Movants have also not made any claim that their ability to

protect their interest would be impeded if they were precluded from intervening. Put simply,

they have not explained how the present action will impair their “cash interest.”

        Although intervention as of right would fail because Movants have not presented an

interest in a particular property or transaction, the Court could still allow permissive intervention

in the future under Rule 24(b). While this is possible, the better course would be for Plaintiff’s

counsel to seek leave to amend the Complaint to add the additional parties and their claims. The

case remains in the early stages, and Defendants have not even responded to the Amended

Complaint.

III.    Conclusion

        For the foregoing reasons, the Court ORDERS that the Motion is DENIED WITHOUT

PREJUDICE.

        IT IS SO ORDERED.



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                           /s/ James E. Boasberg
                           JAMES E. BOASBERG
                           United States District Judge
Date:   May 29, 2012




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