In the Supreme Court of Georgia



                                    Decided:     June 20, 2016


         S16Y1176. IN THE MATTER OF GEORGE D. HOUSER.

      PER CURIAM.

      This matter is before the Court on the Report and Recommendation of the

Review Panel that Respondent George D. Houser (State Bar No. 369225) be

disbarred for violating Rule 8.4 (a) (2) of the Georgia Rules of Professional

Conduct, see Bar Rule 4-102 (d), based on his convictions in the United States

District Court for the Northern District of Georgia on one felony count of

conspiracy to commit healthcare fraud, eight felony counts of payroll tax fraud,

and two counts of failure to file income taxes. As a result of his convictions,

Houser was sentenced to 240 months’ imprisonment and ordered to pay nearly

$7 million in restitution to Medicare and Medicaid and more than $870,000 to

the Internal Revenue Service. This Court suspended Houser pending the

outcome of his appeal from the convictions. See In the Matter of Houser, 292

Ga. 342 (737 SE2d 692) (2013). On June 19, 2014, the United States Court of

Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit affirmed Houser’s convictions, see United
States v. Houser, 754 F.3d 1335 (11th Cir. 2014), and Houser’s subsequent

motion for reconsideration was unsuccessful.

      On December 17, 2015, the special master, Thomas L. Holder, held a

hearing pursuant to Bar Rule 4-106 (f) (1) to determine whether Houser should

be disbarred. At that hearing, Houser, who has been a member of the Bar since

1976, asserted that his appeal was not final because he intended to file a petition

in the Eleventh Circuit to recall the mandate, but he apparently never did so. On

February 9, 2016, the special master issued his report finding that Houser’s

appeals had terminated in 2014 and summarizing that Houser’s felony

convictions arose from his operation of three nursing homes, that Houser

conspired with his wife to defraud Medicare and Georgia Medicaid programs,

that he obtained Medicare and Medicaid reimbursement by materially false and

fraudulent pretenses, and that he siphoned money from the facilities to support

his lavish lifestyle while leaving the nursing home residents without health care

and living in squalor. Moreover, Houser collected payroll taxes from his

employees, but failed to transmit the taxes to the Internal Revenue Service and

failed to file his personal income tax returns. The special master found that in

the course of committing these crimes, Houser displayed a shocking degree of

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dishonesty, greed, and indifference to human suffering.

      In deciding the appropriate discipline, the special master recognized that

disbarment is generally the appropriate sanction when a lawyer engages in

serious criminal conduct or conduct involving interference with the

administration of justice, false swearing, misrepresentation or fraud. See In the

Matter of Thompson, 297 Ga. 790 (778 SE2d 226) (2015) (disbarred following

federal convictions for conspiracy to defraud the United States, and bank, wire

and mail fraud); In the Matter of Vickers, 291 Ga. 354 (729 SE2d 355) (2012)

(disbarred following federal convictions for conspiracy to defraud the United

States and mail/wire fraud); In the Matter of Skandalakis, 279 Ga. 865, 866 (621

SE2d 750) (2005) (disbarred after federal felony conviction for making a false

statement to the Federal Bureau of Investigation). Although the special master

noted in mitigation that Houser had no prior disciplinary history, it found in

aggravation that he acted with dishonest or selfish motives, that he engaged in

a pattern of misconduct, that he has multiple offenses, and that he refused to

acknowledge the wrongful nature of his conduct. In the end, he recommended

that Houser be disbarred. After that report was filed with the Review Panel, as

required by Bar Rule 4-106 (f), the Review Panel issued its report and

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recommendation in which it adopted the special master’s findings, concluded

that Houser’s appeals had terminated in 2014, see In the Matter of Frantz, 271

Ga. 529, 529 (520 SE2d 686) (1999) (the term “termination of appeal” in Bar

Rule 4-106 (f) (1) “includes only first level appeals through the United States

Supreme Court”), and recommended that Houser be disbarred. Houser has not

filed exceptions to the Review Panel’s report and recommendation.

      We have reviewed the record and we agree with the Review Panel and the

special master that Houser’s appeal has terminated within the meaning of Bar

Rule 4-106 (f) (1), and that under the circumstances of this case, disbarment is

the proper discipline. Accordingly Respondent George D. Houser hereby is

disbarred from the practice of law in Georgia. He is reminded of his duties under

Bar Rule 4-219 (c).

      Disbarred. All the Justices concur.




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