  AFF1RIl Opinion Filed November 6, 2012.




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                                                             No. 05-10-01 662-C V


                     ROSALIND KELLY ND RAFA1L DE LOS SANTOS, Appellants



                              RICAR1)O MEJ1A Dill/A E & R TRUCKING, Appdllee


                                    On Appeal from the 193rd Judicial District Court
                                                 Dallas County, Texas
                                          Trial Court Cause No. 09-085S4-L


                                              MEMORANDUM OPINION
                                    Before Justices O’Neill, FitzGerald, and Lang-Miers
                                              Opinion By Justice Lang-Miers

            This is a breach of contract lawsuit. Ricardo Mejia d/b/a E & R Trucking sued Rosalind Kelly

and her husband Rafael Dc Los Santos for breach of contract. After a bench trial, the court rendered

judgment in favor of Mejia for $11,794 plus attorney’s fees. In twenty-six issues on appeal,

appellants challenge the evidence supporting the trial court’s findings of fact and conclusions of law.

We issue this memorandum opinion pursuant to Texas Rule of Appellate Procedure 47.4 because




      Mejia also alleged a claim for quantum mcmii. He sued appellants in their individual capacities as well as in their representativ
                                                                                                                                        e capacities for
their businesses, FiveR Company, FiveR Construction and Demolition. Thunderbolt Construction, and Dc Los Santos
                                                                                                                              & Daughters. The final
judgment was rendered against appellants in their individual capacities.
 the law to he applied in the case is well settled. \Ve resolve appellants’ issues against them and

  affirm the trial court’s judgment.

                                                                     Background

             Appellants Kelly and Dc Los Santos were subcontractors on a city alley construction project.

 Appellee Mejia contended that he and appellants agreed that Mejia would provide trucks and drivers

 to appellants to haul dirt and concrete debris from the project for $40 an hour. He alleged that he

 provided the services hut that appellants rellised to pay some of the invoices. Appellants contended

 that they contracted with Mejia’s father, not Mejia. to haul away the debris for $40 a load, not $40

 an hour, and that they do not owe Mejia anything. After a bench trial, the trial court rendered

judgment in favor of Mejia for $11,794 plus attorney’s fees. Appellants challenge the court’s

 findings of fact and conclusions of law.

                                                              Standard of Review

             In an appeal from a bench trial, findings of fact carry the same weight as a jury verdict. See

 OAIC CominercialAssers L.L. C.                     i’.   Stonegate Village L.P., 234 S.W.3d 726, 736 (Tex. App,—---Dallas

2007. pet. denied). When examining a legal sufficiency challenge. we review the evidence in the

light most favorable to the challenged finding and indulge every reasonable inference that supports

2 City ofKeller v. Wilson, 168 S.W.3d 802, 822 (Tex. 2005). The ultimate test for legal sufficiency
it.

is whether the evidence would enable a reasonable and fair-minded fact-finder to reach the finding.

id. at 827. We evaluate conclusions of law de novo and will affirm if the trial court correctly drew

the legal conclusion from the facts. See BMC Sofiware Belgium, N. V v. Marchand, 83 S.W.3d 789,




    lt is not clear from appellants’ brief whether they are attacking the legal or factual sufficiency of the evidence to support the trial
                                                                                                                                            court’s findings
of fact. Appellants cite both standards of review, but they conflate the standards in their arguments and pray only for rendition of
                                                                                                                                          judgment in their
favor. Rendition ofjudgment is appropriate when the evidence is legally insufficient. See Chen i. Parkivood Cieck Owners .-lss n,
                                                                                                                                            Inc.. No.05-10—
01511 -CV. 2012 WL 3759032. at 2 n.3 (Tex. App—Dallas Aug. 30. 2012. no pet.) (mem. op.). Consequently, we will address
                                                                                                                                         appellants’ issues
under the legal sufficiency standard of review.
 794 (Tex. 21)02). We must also bear in mind that        in   a bench trial the trial   court   is the sole judge of

 a witness’s demeanor and credibility and the weight of evidence. Citi oJKeller. 168 S.W.3d at 819.

                                                  Discussion

          Appellants first challenge the court’s findings and conclusions about the existence of a

 contract between the parties. The court concluded that Mejia established there was a valid,

 enforceable contract between the parties. The trial court fbund that Mejia offered to use his trucks

 and drivers to haul dirt and concrete debris from the project Ofl behalf of appellants for $40 an hour,

 that Mejia communicated that offer to appellant Dc Los Santos, and that appellant Dc Los Santos

 accepted the offer. lhe court also found that the contract was continuing in that payment for the

work performed was made in installments as the work was completed.

          In issues one through six, appellants argue that the evidence is insufficient to show they

entered   into   a contract with Mejia. Appellants testi tied that they met with Jose Mejia. Mejia’s father,

and agreed to let Jose Mejia haul away the dirt and concrete from the project for $40 a load “because

he said he was down on his luck.” They testified that Mejia was not present when this deal was

struck with his father. And appellant Dc Los Santos testified that he would never have agreed to pay

the drivers by the hour because he was paid based on the number of cubic yards of debris hauled

away.

          Mejia testified that he was not present when his father was approached by appellant De Los

Santos about the work, but he also testified that his father did not agree to $40 a load. He said that

after his father initially talked with appellants about thejob, he (Mejia) personally met with appellant

De Los Santos and reached an agreement with him to provide trucks and drivers to haul away the

debris for 40 an hour.

        Mejia testified that in order to be paid he had to invoice appellants and provide copies of each

driver’s “ticket” showing the hours the driver worked on a particular day. The ticket had to be signed
 by either appellant Dc Los Santos or his authorized agent. Meia introduced the invoices and tickets

 into evidence. The evidence showed that either appellant Dc Los Santos or his foreman Tomas Avila

 signed tickets for Mejia’s drivers as late as January 8, 2008 Appellant Dc Los Santos testilied that
                                                               .




 he recognized his own and Avila’s signatures on the driver’s tickets. Mejia testified that E & R

 Trucking submitted invoices to appellant Kelly    and   that she made three partial payments——S7.000

 in December 2007. $5,000 in January 2008, and $1,000 in February 2008. Mejia testified that

 appellants still owed him $11,794 for the work. Evelin Quadra, part owner of F & R Trucking,

testified that she submitted the invoices, along with copies of the tickets, to appellant Kelly and that

appellant Kelly never objected to the invoices, said the amount was too high, or said she was not

going to l’
         Y the invoices.
         t

        We conclude that this evidence supports the findings that Mejia and appellants agreed that

Mejia would provide the haul—away services for $40 an hour and that the contract was a continuing

contract. Appellants argue, however, that the conflict in the evidence about whether they would pay

$40 a load or $40 an hour made the contract ambiguous. But the dispute about the payment terms

did not present an issue of contract ambiguity to be decided as a matter of law. Instead, the dispute

presented an issue of fact about the actual terms of the contract and issues of fact are resolved by the

fact-finder. The evidence supported both $40 a load and $40 an hour. Consequently, the resolution

of the conflict turned on the credibility and demeanor of the witnesses. When a finding turns on

credibility and demeanor, we will not disturb the court’s finding. See City o/Keller, 168 S.W.3d at

819. We resolve issues one through six against appellants.

       In issues seven and eight, appellants argue that the evidence is insufficient to support the

court’s finding that appellant De Los Santos signed off on the driver’s tickets showing the number

of hours the drivers hauled materials for appellants or that Mejia submitted invoices to appellants




                                                 -4-
 totaling $19,794. These issues challenge findings nine and ten. The arguments under each issue are

 identical and state in their entirety:

         The record does not support this finding. This court after considering and weighing
         the evidence in this action should set aside this finding number eleven [sic] because
         theevidenceissoweakandissoagsiittcztthegreatweightandpreponderanceofthe
         evidence that it is clearly wrong and unjust.

 Appellants’ arguments refer to finding eleven instead of findings nine and ten. Additionally,

 appellants do not cite any record references or legal authority to support their contentions and do not

 argue how the evidence is insufficient to support the court’s findings. See Thx. R. App. p. 38.1(i).

 We resolve issues seven and eight against appellants.

        In issue nine, appellants argue that the evidence is insufficient to support the court’s findings

that appellants made two payments to Mejia totaling $8,000 and that there was an unpaid balance

of$ 11,794. The evidence showed that appellants made three payments to Mejia totaling $13,000.

Consequently, the trial court’s finding that appellants made two payments to Mejia totaling $8,000

was not supported by the evidence. The error will not result in reversal, however, unless it probably

led to the rendition ofan improperjudgment. See TEX. R. An. P.44.1 (aX 1); CIHost Inc. v. Ibrahim,

No. 05-05-0171 l-CV, 2006 WL 3233893, at 2 (Tex. App.—Dallas Nov. 9,2006, no pet.) (mem.

op.). Appellants do not argue how the error was harmful, and we conclude it was harmless. Mejia

testified that appellants still owed him $11,794, and the trial court awarded Mejia damages in the

amount of$l 1,794. Because Mejia’s testimony is legally sufficient evidence to support the amount

ofdamages awarded in the judgment, the court’s error about the number and amount ofpayments

was harmless. See TEx. It App. P.44. 1(aXl); CI Host Inc., 2006 WL 3233893, at 2. We resolve

issue nine against appellants.

       In issue ten, appellants argue that the evidence is insufficient to support the finding that Mejia

made demand upon appellants to pay the balance owed. Appellant’s entire argument states:


                                                 -5--
          There was no evidence presented that [Mejia] made demand upon [appellants]. This
          court alter considering and weighing the evidence in this action should set aside this
          finding number twelve because the evidence was so weak and is so against the great
          weight and preponderance of the evidence that it is clearly wrong and unjust.

Appellants do not cite any record references or legal authority or otherwise argue how the evidence

does not support the court’s finding that Mejia demanded payment from appellants. See Thx. it An.

p. 38.1(i). We resolve issue ten against appellants.

          In issue eleven, appellants argue that the evidence is insufficient to support the finding that

appellants failed to pay Mejia the balance owed for the work he invoiced. Their entire argument

states:

          There is no evidence that the [appellants] owed [Mejia] any type of balance. This
          court after considering and weighing the evidence in this action should set aside this
          finding number thirteen because the evidence was so weak and is so against the great
          weight and preponderance of the evidence that it is clearly wrong and unjust.

Appellants do not cite any record references or legal authority or otherwise argue how the evidence

does not support the court’s finding that appellants failed to pay Mejia the balance owed for the work

he invoiced. See TEX. R. APP. P. 38.1(i). We resolve issue eleven against appellants.

          In issues twelve, thirteen, and fourteen, appellants challenge the sufficiency ofthe evidence

to support the trial court’s findings and conclusions that appellants materially breached the contract

by refusing to pay the $11,794 owed to Mejia, that Mejia suffrred a monetary loss of $11,794 as a

result ofthe breach, and that Mejia was entitled to judgment against Appellants jointly and severally

for $11,794. Appellants argue these issues together. They first contend that Mejia did not establish

a contract and next that, even ifhe did, the only evidence ofthe price they agreed on was $40 a load.

They also contend that they paid Mejia $13,000.

          We examined these issues, however, in our analysis of appellants’ previous issues and

concluded that the evidence supported a finding that Mejia and appellants entered into a contract for

$40 an hour, that appellants did not pay the full amount owed, and that appellants still owed Mejia

                                                  -6-
 $1 1,794. Consequently, we conclude that the evidence is sufficient to support these findings. We

 resolve issues twelve, thirteen, and fourteen against appellants.

         In   issues   fifteen through twenty, appellants make a single argument attacking findings

 seventeen, eighteen. nineteen, twenty-one. twenty-two, and twenty-three regarding attorney’s fees

 and interest on the judgment The combined argument states in its entirety

         In this action the plaintiff did not establish the existence of a valid enforceable
         contract. lie is not entitled to a grant of attorney fees. This court after considering and
         weighing the evidence in this action should set aside this finding number fifteen [sic],
         sixteen [sic], seventeen, eighteen, nineteen and twenty [sic] because the evidence was
         so weak and is so against the great weight and preponderance ofthe evidence that it
         is clearly wrong and unjust.

 Appellants’ arguments refer to different findings from the findings stated in the respective issues on

appeal. Additionally, appellants do not cite any record references or legal authority or otherwise

argue how the evidence is insufficient to support these findings. See mx. it An. P. 38.1(i). We

resolve issues fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen, and twenty against appellants.

        In issue twenty-one, appellants argue that the evidence is insufficient to support the court’s

conclusion that Mejia is entitled to judgment in the amount of $1 1,794. They argue that they paid

Mejia $13,000. Mejia testified, however, that appellants paid him $13,000 and still owed him

$11,794. This testimony supports the trial court’s conclusion that Mejia was entitled to judgment in

the amount of $11,794. We resolve issue twenty-one agfrist appellants.

        In issues twenty-two through twenty-six, appellants challenge the trial court’s conclusions

that Mejia was entitled tojudgment against them for $8,000 in attorney’s fees, prejudgment interest

postjudgment interest, taxable costs, and to “those writs and processes as may be necessary in the

enforcement and collection of the judgment[.]” Appellants argue that Mejia did not establish there

was a contract or that they breached the contract, and, as a result, Mejia was not entitled to attorney’s

tees. But we previously concluded that Mejia established there was a contract, the evidence


                                                  —7—
supported   the conclusion that appellants breached the contract. and the evidence supported the

amount of damages awarded in thejudgment. And a prevailing party may recover attorney’s fees in

a breach of    contract   action. Sec Ti:x. Civ. PR.\c. & Rii. (‘ODE ANN.    38.00! (West 2008).

Consequently, we resolve issues twenty-two, twenty-three, twenty-four, twenty-five, and   twenty-six




against appellants.


                                               Conclusion

       We atlirni the trial court   S   judgment.




                                                           ‘[LVABEITFI LANCj-MñRS
                                                            JIJSII( E
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                                                                /




101 662F.P05




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                                         JUDGMENT
ROSALIND KELLY ANI) RAFAEL DE                                Appeal from the 193rd Judicial District
LOS SANTOS, Appellants                                       Court of Dallas County, Texas. (Tr.Ct.No.
                                                             09-0$584-L).
No. 05-l0-01662--CV                                          Opinion delivered by Justice Lang-Miers,
                                                             Justices O’Neill and FitzGerald
RICARI)() MEJIA D/13/A [& R                                  participating.
TRUCKING, Appellee

        In accordance with this Court’s opinion of this (late, the judgment of the trial court is
AFFIRMED. It is ORDERED that appellee Ricardo Mejia d/b/a E & R Trucking recover his
costs of this appeal from appellants Rosalind Kelly and Rafael [)e Los Santos.



Judgment entered November 6. 2012.

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                                                     /ELIZABETH LANG-MIERS
                                                       JUS,YICE
