                           NOT FOR PUBLICATION                           FILED
                                                                          FEB 20 2019
                    UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
                                                                     MOLLY C. DWYER, CLERK
                                                                       U.S. COURT OF APPEALS
                           FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT

YOUSEF RABADI, et al.,                          No. 17-55570

             Cross-claimants-Appellees,         D.C. No. 2:15-cv-07623-RSWL-E

    v.
                                                MEMORANDUM*
LYSAGHT LAW GROUP LLP and
BRIAN C. LYSAGHT

             Cross-defendants-Appellants.


                  Appeal from the United States District Court
                      for the Central District of California
                Ronald S.W. Lew, Senior District Judge, Presiding

                          Submitted February 15, 2019**
                              Pasadena, California

Before: CALLAHAN and OWENS, Circuit Judges, and KORMAN,*** District
Judge.




*
 This disposition is not appropriate for publication and is not precedent except as
provided by Ninth Circuit Rule 36-3.
**
  The panel unanimously concludes that this case is suitable for decision without
oral argument. Fed. R. App. P. 34(a)(2).
***
   The Honorable Edward R. Korman, United States District Judge for the Eastern
District of New York, sitting by designation.
       The parties to this interpleader action both lay claim to life insurance

proceeds deposited with the district court. The insured had a $5.5 million universal

life insurance policy with Transamerica Life Insurance Company, and after her

death, the three named policy beneficiaries—Yousef Rabadi, Intesar Alturk, and

Bill Biltagi—sought to recover the proceeds. Meanwhile, Lysaght Law Group

LLP, who represented three non-beneficiary relatives of the insured in an unrelated

state-court litigation, informed Transamerica that it had an attorney’s lien entitling

it to 30% of the total proceeds. Accordingly, Transamerica disbursed 70% of the

proceeds to the named beneficiaries and filed this interpleader action under Federal

Rule of Civil Procedure 22 to force the named beneficiaries and Lysaght to litigate

their competing claims to the remaining funds.

       The district court approved the interpleader and dismissed Transamerica

from the suit. The named beneficiaries then filed a cross-complaint against

Lysaght, arguing that Lysaght has no valid claim to the funds. Lysaght asserted the

affirmative defense that the insurance policy at issue is illegal and void under the

California Insurance Code,1 failing to explain why it should still recover under an

illegal, void policy. The district court granted summary judgment to the named


1
 Lysaght also references the affirmative defenses of unclean hands, fraud, and conspiracy.
However, on appeal, it focuses exclusively on illegality without distinguishing among these
defenses.
                                               2
beneficiaries, holding that Lysaght failed to validate its attorney’s lien, the lien

bears no relation to the funds at issue, and Lysaght lacks standing to assert that the

policy is illegal. We review de novo and affirm. See Sonner v. Schwabe N. Am.,

Inc., 911 F.3d 989, 992 (9th Cir. 2018).

      1. An “attorney’s lien is only enforceable after the attorney adjudicates the

value and validity of the lien in a separate action against his client.” Mojtahedi v.

Vargas, 228 Cal. App. 4th 974, 978 (2014); Brown v. Superior Court, 116 Cal.

App. 4th 320, 328-29 (2004). Here, Lysaght failed to bring a separate action

against its clients to determine the validity of its attorney’s lien. Nor are Lysaght’s

former clients parties to this interpleader action, distinguishing this case from

Southern California Gas Co. v. Flannery, 5 Cal. App. 5th 476, 495-96 (2016)

(validity of attorney’s lien could be established in interpleader action where both

attorney and client were parties). Because Lysaght “has omitted this essential step

of establishing [its] entitlement to a particular portion of the [life insurance]

proceeds,” its attorney’s lien cannot reach the disputed funds. Mojtahedi, 228 Cal.

App. 4th at 978.

      Regardless, “[t]he cause of action to recover compensation for services

rendered under a contingent fee contract does not accrue until the occurrence of the

stated contingency.” Fracasse v. Brent, 6 Cal. 3d 784, 792 (1972). Here, the

                                            3
contingency fee agreement only entitled Lysaght to recover proceeds of the state-

court litigation. Absent evidence that the disputed funds are proceeds of the state-

court litigation, Lysaght cannot recover them under the contingency fee agreement.

See Kroff v. Larson, 167 Cal. App. 3d 857, 860 (1985).

      2. Although Lysaght asserts illegality as an affirmative defense rather than a

direct claim, it must still “demonstrate its right to obtain a judicial determination of

its contention.” FDIC v. KMG Main Hurdman, 655 F. Supp. 259, 269 (E.D. Cal.

1987); see also United States v. Hugs, 109 F.3d 1375, 1378-79 (9th Cir. 1997)

(defendants lacked standing to assert as-applied Free Exercise challenge to

regulation). In California, “the insurer is the only party who can raise the question

of insurable interest, and . . . if the insurer waives the question of interest and pays

the money to the named beneficiary, or into court,” a third party may not later

challenge the existence of an insurable interest. Jenkins v. Hill, 35 Cal. App. 2d

521, 524 (1939); see also In re Marriage of Bratton, 28 Cal. App. 4th 791, 794

(1994). Thus, Lysaght has no standing to assert that the policy lacks an insurable

interest under the California Insurance Code. To the extent Lysaght challenges the

legality of the policy more broadly, only a party to a contract or a third party

“whose interests are affected” has standing to do so. See River Garden Farms, Inc.

v. Superior Court, 26 Cal. App. 3d 986, 1000 (1972) (citing Johnson v. Johnson,

                                            4
127 Cal. App. 2d 464, 472 (1954)). Lysaght has no such interest, and in any event,

fails to explain why it should recover the proceeds of an allegedly illegal policy.

      AFFIRMED.




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