MEMORANDUM DECISION
                                                                                  FILED
Pursuant to Ind. Appellate Rule 65(D),                                       Apr 27 2017, 10:45 am

this Memorandum Decision shall not be                                             CLERK
                                                                              Indiana Supreme Court
regarded as precedent or cited before any                                        Court of Appeals
                                                                                   and Tax Court
court except for the purpose of establishing
the defense of res judicata, collateral
estoppel, or the law of the case.


ATTORNEY FOR APPELLANT                                  ATTORNEYS FOR APPELLEE
Peter D. Todd                                           Curtis T. Hill, Jr.
Elkhart, Indiana                                        Attorney General of Indiana

                                                        Tyler G. Banks
                                                        Deputy Attorney General
                                                        Indianapolis, Indiana



                                          IN THE
    COURT OF APPEALS OF INDIANA

James G. Balser, Jr.,                                   April 27, 2017
Appellant-Defendant,                                    Court of Appeals Case No.
                                                        20A03-1608-CR-2002
        v.                                              Appeal from the Elkhart Superior
                                                        Court
State of Indiana,                                       The Honorable Charles Carter
Appellee-Plaintiff.                                     Wicks, Judge
                                                        Trial Court Cause No.
                                                        20D05-1503-F6-179



Najam, Judge.




Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 20A03-1608-CR-2002 | April 27, 2017            Page 1 of 6
                                       Statement of the Case
[1]   James Balser appeals his conviction for theft, as a Class A misdemeanor,

      following a jury trial. Balser presents a single issue for our review, namely,

      whether the State presented sufficient evidence to support his theft conviction.

      We affirm.


                                 Facts and Procedural History
[2]   During the afternoon of December 26, 2014, Ethan Walsh and his roommate

      went to a Taco Bell restaurant in Middlebury. The restaurant abuts a

      convenience store called the Pak-A-Sack and a gas station. Inside Taco Bell,

      Walsh paid for his meal with cash and put his wallet back in his pocket. While

      Walsh was inside the Taco Bell, Balser arrived at the gas station and parked his

      car next to Walsh’s truck. Balser’s passenger, Jasmine Rodzankas, got out of

      the car and went inside the Taco Bell. Rodzankas stood in line behind Walsh.

      After Walsh got his food, he and his roommate left and went home.


[3]   After Walsh got home, he realized that his wallet was missing. He searched his

      house and truck but could not find it. Walsh drove back to Taco Bell and asked

      the employees there and at Pak-A-Sack whether anyone had turned in a wallet,

      but no one had found it. Walsh checked the ground where he had parked his

      truck, but he did not find his wallet. Because Walsh had a MasterCard debit

      card in his wallet, he called the issuing bank to cancel the card, but the bank

      was closed.




      Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 20A03-1608-CR-2002 | April 27, 2017   Page 2 of 6
[4]   That same evening, Crystal Draper stopped by Balser’s residence and asked

      Balser whether he would drive her to a store to buy cigarettes for her mother.

      Balser agreed, and Draper rode in the front passenger seat of Balser’s truck

      while he drove to a nearby gas station. While they were en route, Draper saw a

      debit card sitting on the truck’s center console (“the debit card”). Draper

      “made mention” of the card to Balser, but she did not ask him where he had

      gotten it. Tr. Vol. II at 68. When they arrived at the gas station, Draper went

      inside and used the debit card to buy cigarettes, including some for Balser.

      Draper then used the debit card to buy gas for Balser’s truck. Draper saw that

      Balser’s name was not on the debit card.


[5]   On the drive home, Draper asked Balser whether he would follow her in her

      van to a gas station to get gas, and Balser agreed. Draper then drove her van to

      a different gas station, and Balser followed in a car. 1 After they arrived at the

      gas station, Draper used the debit card to buy gas for her van and also for the

      car Balser was driving. Draper also used the debit card to buy cigarettes for

      Balser and for herself, and she bought transmission fluid and antifreeze. Balser

      filled two gas cans with gas.2 Draper then gave the debit card back to Balser.




      1
        Balser worked on cars at his house, and Draper was not sure whether this car was owned by Balser or one
      of his customers.
      2
        Draper “swiped” the debit card to pump the gas and started the pumping in both vehicles. Balser
      continued to use one of the pumps to fill the gas cans.

      Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 20A03-1608-CR-2002 | April 27, 2017           Page 3 of 6
[6]   The next day, Walsh discovered that someone had made unauthorized charges

      with his debit card the night before, and he filed a police report. During the

      ensuing police investigation, officers reviewed surveillance videos and identified

      Draper as the woman using the debit card to buy gas and cigarettes. During a

      subsequent interview, Draper stated that Balser had given her the debit card. A

      Middlebury Police Officer then made two appointments to talk to Balser, but he

      failed to show up for either appointment.


[7]   The State charged Balser with six counts of fraud, as Level 6 felonies, and one

      count of theft, as a Class A misdemeanor. A jury found him guilty as charged.

      The trial court entered judgment of conviction and sentence accordingly. This

      appeal ensued.


                                         Discussion and Decision
[8]   Balser contends that the State presented insufficient evidence to support his

      conviction for theft, as a Class A misdemeanor.3 In reviewing a sufficiency of

      the evidence claim, we do not reweigh the evidence or assess the credibility of

      the witnesses. Sharp v. State, 42 N.E.3d 512, 516 (Ind. 2015). Rather, we look

      to the evidence and reasonable inferences drawn therefrom that support the

      judgment, and we will affirm the conviction if there is probative evidence from




      3
          Balser does not challenge any of his other convictions on appeal.


      Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 20A03-1608-CR-2002 | April 27, 2017   Page 4 of 6
       which a reasonable jury could have found the defendant guilty beyond a

       reasonable doubt. Id.


[9]    To prove theft, as a Class A misdemeanor, the State was required to show that

       Balser knowingly or intentionally exerted unauthorized control over Walsh’s

       wallet,4 with intent to deprive Walsh of any part of its value or use. Ind. Code §

       35-43-4-2 (2017). Balser’s sole contention on appeal is that, “[o]ther than [his]

       use of Walsh’s [debit] card,” there is no evidence that Balser ever had

       possession of Walsh’s wallet or intended to deprive Walsh of the value or use of

       the wallet. Appellant’s Br. at 6. We cannot agree.


[10]   While Balser is correct that the State did not present direct evidence that he

       stole Walsh’s wallet, the State presented ample circumstantial evidence to prove

       the theft. As our supreme court has held,


                 the mere unexplained possession of recently stolen property
                 standing alone does not automatically support a conviction for
                 theft. Rather, such possession is to be considered along with the
                 other evidence in a case, such as how recent or distant in time
                 was the possession from the moment the item was stolen, and
                 what are the circumstances of the possession (say, possessing
                 right next door as opposed to many miles away). In essence, the
                 fact of possession and all the surrounding evidence about the
                 possession must be assessed to determine whether any rational
                 juror could find the defendant guilty beyond a reasonable doubt.




       4
           The charging information alleged that Balser stole Walsh’s wallet, as opposed to Walsh’s debit card.


       Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 20A03-1608-CR-2002 | April 27, 2017               Page 5 of 6
       Fortson v. State, 919 N.E.2d 1136, 1143 (Ind. 2010).


[11]   Here, the State presented evidence that Balser’s possession of Walsh’s debit

       card, which Walsh kept in his wallet, was unexplained and occurred within a

       few hours of Walsh having lost his wallet at the Taco Bell/gas station. Balser

       did not present evidence to explain his possession of the debit card. When

       Walsh last saw his wallet, he was paying for his food at Taco Bell, and Balser’s

       passenger, Rodzankas, was standing in line directly behind him. Also at that

       time, Balser was parked next to Walsh’s truck, and, shortly after that, Balser

       gave Draper the debit card to purchase gas and cigarettes for Balser. We hold

       that the evidence is sufficient to support Balser’s theft conviction. See id.


[12]   Affirmed.


       Riley, J., and Bradford, J., concur.




       Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 20A03-1608-CR-2002 | April 27, 2017   Page 6 of 6
