[Cite as State v. Butcher , 2010-Ohio-4877.]


                      IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF OHIO
                         FOURTH APPELLATE DISTRICT
                              ATHENS COUNTY

STATE OF OHIO,                  :
                                :
     Plaintiff-Appellee,        : Case No. 09CA31
                                :
     vs.                        : Released: October 4, 2010
                                :
MARK A. BUTCHER,                : DECISION AND JUDGMENT
                                : ENTRY
     Defendant-Appellant.       :
_____________________________________________________________
                          APPEARANCES:

John A. Bay, Bay Law Office, Columbus, Ohio, for Appellant.

Patrick J. Lang, Athens City Law Director, and Lisa A. Eliason, Chief
Athens City Prosecutor, Athens, Ohio, for Appellee.
_____________________________________________________________

McFarland, P.J.:

        {¶1} Appellant appeals the Athens Municipal Court’s denial of his

motion to withdraw his plea of guilt to domestic violence, a first degree

misdemeanor in violation of R.C. 2919.25(A). On appeal, Appellant raises a

single assignment of error, contending that the trial court erred when it

denied his motion to withdraw his guilty plea because he entered it

unintelligently when the trial court failed to advise him that domestic

violence is a precursor offense and that, if convicted of the offense, future

violations of the domestic violence statute would be charged as felonies.
Athens App. No. 09CA31                                                                                     2


Because we conclude that the trial court substantially complied with Crim.R.

11 in accepting Appellant’s guilty plea, we overrule Appellant sole

assignment of error. Accordingly, the judgment of the trial court is affirmed.

                                                 FACTS

         {¶2} On February 2, 2009, Appellant appeared before the Athens

Municipal Court at 9:36 a.m. for a video arraignment after being arrested

and charged with domestic violence, a first degree misdemeanor, in violation

of R.C. 2919.25(A). During the video arraignment, Appellant

acknowledged before the court that he had viewed and understood a video1

regarding his rights and plea options. Appellant was then informed by the

court that domestic violence was a precursor offense and that if convicted,

subsequent domestic violence charges would be prosecuted as felonies.

Appellant stated on the record that he understood that and also

acknowledged his right to counsel. Appellant then entered a plea of not

guilty to the charge.

         {¶3} At 10:44 a.m. the same morning, just 1 hour and 8 minutes later,

Appellant was reconnected with the court via video link to change his plea.

A change of plea hearing was immediately held at Appellant’s request. At


1
  This video is entitled “General Advice of Rights” and is apparently shown to defendants in a group setting
prior to each defendant’s individual video arraignment. The video explains the legal process, advises of the
right to counsel, explains the difference in the types of pleas and the consequences of each plea, as well as
the potential penalties associated therewith.
Athens App. No. 09CA31                                                                                       3


this hearing, the court once again advised Appellant of the pleas available to

him and his right to counsel. Appellant advised on the record that he had

executed a written waiver of his trial rights and plea of guilt, as well as a

written waiver of his right to counsel. The court then engaged Appellant in a

colloquy regarding his understanding of his rights and the consequences of

waiving same. At that time the court accepted Appellant’s plea of guilt,

found him guilty of domestic violence, and sentenced him to 180 days in

jail.2

         {¶4} On August 19, 2009, Appellant filed a motion to withdraw his

guilty plea. A hearing on the motion was held on September 1, 2009. No

testimony was presented at the hearing. Instead, counsel agreed to submit

the motion to the court on based upon the arguments and three exhibits,

which consisted of the transcripts from the General Advice of Rights Video,

arraignment hearing and change of plea hearing. On September 3, 2009, the

court issued its decision and journal entry denying Appellant’s motion. It is

from this decision and entry denying his motion to withdraw his guilty plea

that Appellant now brings his timely appeal, setting forth a single

assignment of error for our review.


2
 In entering his plea of guilt, Appellant requested that the court give him probation or a minimum 20 day
sentence so that he could keep his appointment with the Clem House on February 22, 2009. Apparently
Appellant had been on a waiting list for a free bed at that facility. While the court ordered Appellant to
serve 180 days in jail, it promised to review his case on the morning of February 22, 2009.
Athens App. No. 09CA31                                                          4


                         ASSIGNMENT OF ERROR

“I.   THE TRIAL COURT ERRED WHEN IT DENIED MR.
      BUTCHER’S MOTION TO WITHDRAW HIS GUILTY PLEA
      BECAUSE HE ENTERED IT UNINTELLIGENTLY WHEN THE
      TRIAL COURT FAILED TO ADVISE HIM THAT DOMESTIC
      VIOLENCE IS A PRECURSOR OFFENSE AND THAT, IF
      CONVICTED OF THE OFFENSE, FUTURE VIOLATIONS OF
      THE DOMESTIC VIOLENCE STATUTE WOULD BE CHARGED
      AS FELONIES.”

      {¶5} In his sole assignment of error, Appellant contends that the trial

court erred when it denied his motion to withdraw his guilty plea because he

entered it unintelligently when the trial court failed to advise him that

domestic violence is a precursor offense and that, if convicted of the offense,

future violations of the domestic violence statute would be charged as

felonies.

      {¶6} At the outset, we note that this case is not an appeal from the

judgment of conviction and sentence; rather, this matter involves the trial

court's decision to overrule Appellant's post-sentence motion to withdraw his

plea. Generally, a decision to grant or to deny such a motion lies in a trial

court's sound discretion and that judgment will not be reversed absent an

abuse of that discretion. State v. Francis, 104 Ohio St.3d 490, 2004-Ohio-

6894, 820 N.E.2d 325, at ¶ 32; State v. Xie (1992), 62 Ohio St.3d 521, 584

N.E.2d 715, at paragraph two of the syllabus. It is further well-settled that

an abuse of discretion is more than an error of law or judgment; rather, an
Athens App. No. 09CA31                                                             5


abuse of discretion implies that the court's attitude was unreasonable,

arbitrary or unconscionable. See State v. Clark (1994), 71 Ohio St.3d 466,

470, 1994-Ohio-43, 644 N.E.2d 331; State v. Moreland (1990), 50 Ohio

St.3d 58, 61, 552 N.E.2d 894. In reviewing for an abuse of discretion,

appellate courts must not substitute their judgment for that of the trial court.

See State ex rel. Duncan v. Chippewa Twp. Trustees (1995), 73 Ohio St.3d

728, 732, 1995-Ohio-272, 654 N.E.2d 1254; In re Jane Doe 1 (1991). 57

Ohio St.3d 135, 137-138, 566 N.E.2d 1181.

      {¶7} To establish an abuse of discretion, the result must be so

palpably and grossly violative of both fact and logic that it evidences not the

exercise of will but perversity of will, not the exercise of judgment but the

defiance of judgment, and not the exercise of reason but, instead, passion or

bias. See Vaught v. Cleveland Clinic Found., 98 Ohio St.3d 485, 2003-Ohio-

2181, 787 N.E.2d 631, at ¶ 13; Nakoff v. Fairview Gen. Hosp. (1996), 75

Ohio St.3d 254, 256, 1996-Ohio-159, 662 N.E.2d 1. With this standard in

mind, we turn our attention to appellant's assignment of error.

      {¶8} We note that Crim.R. 32.1 provides as follows:

“A motion to withdraw a plea of guilty or no contest may be made only

before sentence is imposed or imposition of sentence is suspended; but to

correct manifest injustice the court after sentence may set aside the judgment
Athens App. No. 09CA31                                                          6


of conviction and permit the defendant to withdraw his plea.” (Emphasis

added.)

      {¶9} In other words, Crim.R. 32.1 allows a post-sentence motion to

withdraw a plea only to correct a manifest injustice. State v. Bell, Cuyahoga

App. No. 87727, 2007-Ohio-3276, at ¶ 10; State v. Fairrow, Ross App. No.

05CA2856, 2006-Ohio-503, at ¶ 11. State v. Richardson, Pickaway App.

No. 05CA29, 2006-Ohio-386, at ¶ 10. Further, the withdrawal of pleas

occurs only in “extraordinary cases.” See State v. Smith, Pickaway App. No.

05CA7, 2006-Ohio-1482, at ¶ 23; State v. Allison, Pickaway App. No.

06CA9, 2007-Ohio-789, at ¶ 7.

      {¶10} As this Court recently noted in State v. Haught, Pickaway App.

No. 06CA30, 2007-Ohio-5736, the Supreme Court of Ohio “has defined

‘manifest injustice’ as a clear or openly unjust act. See State ex rel.

Schneider v. Kreiner (1998), 83 Ohio St.3d 203, 208, 1998-Ohio-271, 699

N.E.2d 83; also see State v. Young (May 24, 2004), Adams App. No.

03CA782, 2004-Ohio-2711. Moreover, the onus is on the defendant who

seeks to withdraw a plea to establish the existence of the clear or openly

unjust act. State v. Wheeler, Franklin App. Nos. 06AP-1156 & 06AP-1159,

2007-Ohio-3226, at ¶ 10; State v. Farley, Lawrence App. No. 02CA32,
Athens App. No. 09CA31                                                             7


2003-Ohio-7338, at ¶ 11.” In the case sub judice, we do not believe that

Appellant has carried his burden.

      {¶11} Appellant argues that in accepting his plea of guilt to

misdemeanor domestic violence, the trial court erred in that it failed to

comply with Crim.R. 11(E), by failing to advise Appellant during his change

of plea hearing that domestic violence is a precursor offense and that any

future violations of that same statute would be prosecuted as felonies. We

disagree.

      {¶12} With respect to Appellant's claim that the trial court failed to

comply with Crim.R. 11, subsection (E) provides, “[i]n misdemeanor cases

involving petty offenses the court may refuse to accept a plea of guilty or no

contest, and shall not accept such plea without first informing the defendant

of the effect of the plea of ... guilty ...” Specifically, a court must advise a

defendant that a plea of guilty is a complete admission of the defendant’s

guilt. Id. at (B)(1). Appellant acknowledged on the record during the

change of plea hearing that he understood his rights with respect to his plea

and also executed a written waiver of his trial rights, right to counsel, and a

written plea. However, Appellant now argues that because the trial court did

not also re-advise him during his change of plea hearing the domestic

violence is a precursor offense, that the trial court did not substantially
Athens App. No. 09CA31                                                            8


comply with Crim.R. 11. He specifically argues that he “may not have

entered a guilty plea had he known the effect of his plea on future

prosecutions for domestic violence.”

      {¶13} However, the Assistant Law Director argues in his brief that the

trial court’s substantial compliance with Crim.R. 11 was sufficient. We

agree. After our review of the record, we believe that the trial court

substantially and adequately complied with Crim.R. 11. State v. Haught,

supra; citing, State v. Singleton, 169 Ohio App.3d 585, 2006-Ohio-6314,

863 N.E.2d 1114, at ¶ 69; Euclid v. Muller (1999), 134 Ohio App.3d 737,

744, 732 N.E.2d 410.

      {¶14} Once again, the precise question is whether Appellant will be

subject to a “manifest injustice” if not permitted to withdraw his plea. We

find nothing in the record to suggest that the trial court's failure to fully

inform Appellant about the effect of his guilty plea at the change of plea

hearing, considering Appellant was fully advised of the effects of the plea an

hour earlier at his arraignment hearing, prejudiced him. For these reasons,

Appellant has not persuaded us that a manifest injustice will exist if his

guilty plea is permitted to stand. Consequently, Appellant cannot establish

that the trial court's denial of his motion to withdraw his plea constitutes an

abuse of discretion.
Athens App. No. 09CA31                                                           9


       {¶15} Accordingly, having reviewed Appellant’s sole assignment of

error and finding no merit therein, it is hereby overruled the decision of the

trial court is affirmed.

                                              JUDGMENT AFFIRMED.
Athens App. No. 09CA31                                                         10


                           JUDGMENT ENTRY

     It is ordered that the JUDGMENT BE AFFIRMED and that the
Appellee recover of Appellant costs herein taxed.

      The Court finds there were reasonable grounds for this appeal.

      It is ordered that a special mandate issue out of this Court directing
the Athens Municipal Court to carry this judgment into execution.

       IF A STAY OF EXECUTION OF SENTENCE AND RELEASE
UPON BAIL HAS BEEN PREVIOUSLY GRANTED BY THE TRIAL
COURT OR THIS COURT, it is temporarily continued for a period not to
exceed sixty days upon the bail previously posted. The purpose of a
continued stay is to allow Appellant to file with the Supreme Court of Ohio
an application for a stay during the pendency of proceedings in that court. If
a stay is continued by this entry, it will terminate at the earlier of the
expiration of the sixty day period, or the failure of the Appellant to file a
notice of appeal with the Supreme Court of Ohio in the forty-five day appeal
period pursuant to Rule II, Sec. 2 of the Rules of Practice of the Supreme
Court of Ohio. Additionally, if the Supreme Court of Ohio dismisses the
appeal prior to expiration of sixty days, the stay will terminate as of the date
of such dismissal.

      A certified copy of this entry shall constitute the mandate pursuant to
Rule 27 of the Rules of Appellate Procedure.
Exceptions.

Harsha, J. and Abele, J.: Concur in Judgment and Opinion.

                                        For the Court,

                                        BY: _________________________
                                            Matthew W. McFarland
                                            Presiding Judge

                          NOTICE TO COUNSEL
      Pursuant to Local Rule No. 14, this document constitutes a final
judgment entry and the time period for further appeal commences from
the date of filing with the clerk.
