
NO. 07-06-0237-CR

IN THE COURT OF APPEALS

FOR THE SEVENTH DISTRICT OF TEXAS

AT AMARILLO

PANEL C

JULY 26, 2007
______________________________

SIMON PARTIDA, APPELLANT

V.

THE STATE OF TEXAS, APPELLEE
_________________________________

FROM THE 50TH DISTRICT COURT OF COTTLE COUNTY;

NO. 2822; HONORABLE W. H. HEATLY, JUDGE
_______________________________


Before QUINN, C.J., and HANCOCK and PIRTLE, JJ.
OPINION

	Appellant, Simon Partida, appeals from his conviction for aggravated assault of a
public servant, and jury assessed punishment of confinement in the Texas Department of
Criminal Justice-Institutional Division for 45 years.  We affirm.
Background

	During a "Father's Day" dinner in 2004, appellant consumed an extensive amount
of alcohol and began arguing with his wife.  At approximately 6:55 pm, appellant's wife ran
across the street to a neighbor's home in an agitated state requesting that someone call
911.  As the call was being made, appellant stepped outside his door and fired a rifle up
into the air.  Chief of Police Robert McGuire answered the 911 call.  As the Chief got out
of his car and started toward the home of appellant, he heard a gunshot.  The Chief then
sought cover behind a car that was parked across the street from appellant's home. 
Another shot was fired, and the Chief heard a tire go flat on the car he was hiding behind. 
 A deputy from the sheriff's office arrived on the scene and took cover behind the Chief's
car.  Subsequently, appellant surrendered to the deputy.  After being taken to jail, appellant
admitted to the deputy that he knew the Chief was across the street when he fired his rifle
in his direction.  
	Upon the conclusion of the guilt-innocence phase of appellant's trial, the trial court
charged the jury on the offense of aggravated assault of a public servant and the lesser
included offense of deadly conduct by discharging a firearm at or in the direction of an
individual, habitation, or vehicle.  However, the trial court refused appellant's request to
charge the jury on the misdemeanor charge of deadly conduct.  After the jury convicted
appellant of the charged offense of aggravated assault of a public servant, the jury heard
evidence regarding appellant's prior felony conviction.  However, while examining its third
witness during the punishment stage of the trial, the State realized it had not read the
enhancement portion of the indictment, nor had appellant pleaded to the enhancement
portion of the indictment.  Over appellant's objection, the trial court allowed the State to
read the enhancement paragraph and accepted appellant's plea of not true to the
enhancement paragraph.  The jury returned a verdict of confinement for 45 years.
	By six contentions, appellant presents three issues on appeal: 1) that the evidence
was factually insufficient to prove the elements of the offense, 2) the trial court committed
reversible error by refusing appellant's requested charge on the misdemeanor offense of
deadly conduct, and 3) the trial court committed reversible error when it allowed the State
to read the enhancement portion of the indictment after having received evidence from
three witnesses and that procedure was a denial of due process and equal protection
under the law.  
Factual Sufficiency

 When an appellant challenges the factual sufficiency of the evidence supporting his
conviction, the reviewing court must determine whether, considering all the evidence in a
neutral light, the jury was rationally justified in finding appellant guilty beyond a reasonable
doubt.  See Watson v. State, 204 S.W.3d 404, 415 (Tex.Crim.App. 2006).  In performing
a factual sufficiency review, we are to give deference to the fact finder's determinations if
supported by the record and may not order a new trial simply because we may disagree
with the verdict.  See id. at 417.  As an appellate court, we are not justified in ordering a
new trial unless there is some objective basis in the record demonstrating that the great
weight and preponderance of the evidence contradicts the jury's verdict.  See id. 
Additionally, an appellate opinion addressing factual sufficiency must include a discussion
of the most important evidence that appellant claims undermines the jury's verdict.  Sims
v. State, 99 S.W.3d 600, 603 (Tex.Crim.App. 2003). 
	Appellant alleges that the evidence is factually insufficient as to two particular
elements of the offense.  First, whether appellant knew that the Chief was present when
he fired the gun and secondly, whether appellant knew that the Chief was acting in his
official capacity at the scene.  
	A review of the record reveals that every witness that testified stated the Chief was
in his uniform of black pants, white shirt, and that he had a distinctive badge on the front
of the shirt.  Further, all witnesses testified that the Chief arrived in a gold colored car that
was clearly marked as "Police."  Additionally, one witness, Mr. Nipp, testified that he heard
appellant using the word "nigger" after the shots were fired.  The record reflects that the
Chief is African-American.  Also to be considered is the testimony of the deputy regarding
appellant's admission that he knew the Chief was there when he fired his rifle in the Chief's
direction.  Upon considering all of the evidence in a neutral light, we cannot say that the
jury was not rational in finding appellant guilty of the offense of aggravated assault of a
public servant.  Watson, 204 S.W.3d at 415.
	Appellant's contention is that only Nipp's testimony shows that appellant knew that
the Chief was present, and this testimony was contradicted by testimony of other
witnesses.  Even if appellant is factually correct, which the record indicates he is not, the
jury has the responsibility of resolving conflicts in the testimony.  See Johnson v. State, 23
S.W.3d 1, 8 (Tex.Crim.App. 2000).  If supported by the record, we must give deference to
the findings of the jury.  Watson, 204 S.W.3d at 417.  By their verdict, the jury has rejected
appellant's argument.  Appellant's first issue is overruled.  
Lesser Included Charge of Misdemeanor Deadly Conduct
	Appellant's next issue contends that the trial court committed reversible error by not
giving a lesser included charge on the offense of misdemeanor deadly conduct.  The
record reveals that the trial court gave a jury charge on aggravated assault of a public
servant.  Tex. Pen. Code Ann. § 22.02 (Vernon Supp. 2004). (1)  The court also gave a lesser
included offense charge on deadly conduct, a third degree felony. § 22.05(b)(1), (2). 
However, appellant requested an additional charge on the lesser included offense of
misdemeanor deadly conduct. § 22.05(a).  The court refused this request.  
	Assuming without deciding that appellant was entitled to the requested instruction
on misdemeanor deadly conduct, we must determine if the error was harmful.  The
standard of review for error in this particular matter is Rule 44.2(b) of the Texas Rules of
Appellate Procedure.  Tex. R. App. P. 44.2(b).  Therefore, to be reversible, the error must
affect a substantial right of appellant.  Id.  An error affects a substantial right of appellant
when the error has a substantial and injurious effect or influence in determining the jury's
verdict.  See King v. State, 953 S.W.2d 266, 271 (Tex.Crim.App. 1997).
	A jury's failure to find appellant guilty of an intervening lesser included offense, i.e.
an offense between the requested lesser included offense and the charged offense, may
render the trial court's failure to give the requested charge harmless.  Masterson v. State,
155 S.W.3d 167, 171 (Tex.Crim.App. 2005).  The harm from denying a lesser offense
instruction stems from the potential to place the jury in the dilemma of convicting for a
greater offense in which the jury has reasonable doubt or releasing a person entirely from
criminal liability.  Id.  An intervening lesser included offense is an available compromise,
giving the jury the ability to hold a wrongdoer accountable without having to find him guilty
of the charged (greater) offense.  Id.  A court can conclude that an intervening offense
instruction renders a trial court's refusal to include a lesser included offense instruction
harmless if the jury rejects the opportunity to convict a defendant of the intervening
offense.  Id.  A jury's refusal to convict a defendant of the intervening offense legitimately
indicates that the jury believed that the defendant was guilty of the greater, charged
offense.  Id. at 171-72.  
	In the case before us, the jury was charged on the intervening lesser included
offense of deadly conduct, a third degree felony.  Therefore, the jury had the ability to
convict appellant of a lesser included offense had they any reservation about appellant's
guilt of the greater, charged offense.  The jury rejected this opportunity.  Additionally, the
record reveals that the jury was charged on a range of punishment of 15 years
incarceration to life imprisonment if they found that the enhancement allegation was true. 
Rather than give the minimum of 15 years, the jury sentenced appellant to 45 years
showing that the jury believed appellant was guilty of the greater offense instead of a lesser
included offense.  See Campos v. State, No. 05-05-00492-CR, 2006 WL 1461155, at *3
(Tex.App.-Dallas May 30, 2006, pet. ref'd) (not designated for publication) (jury's action
in assessing punishment, more than the minimum sentence, is indicative of an intent to
punish appellant for greater offense).  Accordingly, we conclude that, if the trial court did
commit an error in refusing to include a lesser included offense charge for misdemeanor
deadly conduct, any such error was harmless. 
Irregular Presentment of an Enhancement Paragraph

	Through three issues, appellant contends that the trial court committed reversible
error by allowing the State to read the enhancement paragraph of the indictment after three
witnesses had testified.  The record reveals that, after the verdict of guilty was returned by
the jury, the trial court recessed the jury until 9:00 a.m. the following morning.  The trial
court immediately began conducting the proceedings without either an announcement of
ready by either party or a reading of the enhancement portion of the indictment by the
State.  The State proceeded to have two witnesses testify about appellant's reputation for
being a "peaceable and law-abiding citizen."  During direct examination of the third witness,
the State realized that the enhancement portion of the indictment had not been read.  The
State immediately approached the bench and informed the court of the matter.  The jury
was retired and the matter discussed by the attorneys and the judge.  Appellant objected
to the State being allowed to read the enhancement portion of the indictment at that time. 
The objection was overruled, and the jury returned to the courtroom.  The enhancement
portion of the indictment was read, and appellant pleaded not true to the allegation.  The
State re-offered the previous testimony and completed the examination of the third 
witness.  
	Appellant candidly admits that he has not found cases on point, but suggests that
Turner v. State be considered for the proposition that the reading of the enhancement
allegations and an appellant's plea thereto are mandatory.  Turner v. State, 897 S.W.2d
786, 789 (Tex.Crim.App. 1995).  The State, citing Linton v. State and Hernandez v. State,
contends that the failure to read the enhancement paragraph before commencing
testimony is subject to a harmless error analysis.  Linton v. State, 15 S.W.3d 615, 620
(Tex.App.-Houston [14th Dist.] 2000, pet. ref'd); Hernandez v. State, 190 S.W.3d 856, 868
(Tex.App.-Corpus Christi 2006, no pet.).
	In Turner, the Court of Criminal Appeals considered whether the total failure to read
the enhancement paragraph and the failure to ever require the defendant to enter a plea
could be subject to a harmless error analysis.  The court decided that it could not be
subject to a harmless error analysis and reversed the decision of the appellate court. 
Turner, 897 S.W.2d at 789.  However, at footnote 5 of the opinion, the court noted that
when the State discovers its failure to read the enhancement paragraph, the State can
cure its error by reading the enhancement paragraph, having the defendant plead to it, and
reintroducing the evidence.  Id. at 789 n.5, citing Warren v. State, 693 S.W.2d 414, 416
(Tex.Crim.App. 1985).  This is exactly what the State elected to do.  Accordingly, 
appellant's fourth, fifth and sixth issues are overruled.
Conclusion

	Having overruled all of appellant's issues the judgment of the trial court is affirmed.

							Mackey K. Hancock
							          Justice

Publish.  										
1.  Further reference to the Texas Penal Code will be by reference to § __.
