                                                                                                        FILED

                                                                                                   TNCOURIOI'
                                                                                               WORKI.R S' CO}-iiPi:.NS_ffiON
                                                                                                       'C lffilS

                                                                                                       Tim.e 1:33 Pl!.I

               TENNESSEE BUREAU OF WORKERS' COMPENSATION
                 COURT OF WORKERS' COMPENSATION CLAIMS
                            AT MURFREESBORO


    SISOUPHAHN THYSAVATHDY,                           )         Docket No.: 2014-05-0026
             Employee,                                )
    v.                                                )
    BRIDGESTONE AMERICAS TIRE                         )         State File No. 87347-2014
    OPERATIONS,                                       )
             Employer.                                )
    And                                               )
    OLD REPUBLIC INS. CO.,                            )         Judge Audrey Headrick
             Insurance Carrier.                       )


                             COMPENSATION HEARING ORDER


        This matter came before the undersigned Workers' Compensation Judge on
January 30, 2017, for a Compensation Hearing. The primary legal issue is whether Mr.
Thysavathdy provided sufficient notice to Bridgestone and, if so, whether he proved by a
preponderance of the evidence that he sustained a compensable injury. For the reasons
set forth below, this Court finds Mr. Thysavathdy provided sufficient notice but did not
establish by a preponderance of the evidence that he sustained a compensable injury.

                                            History of Claim

        This case involves an incident that allegedly occurred on July 15, 2014, when Mr.
Thysavathdy was "pulling," or picking up tires from the floor using both hands. He
testified he felt an immediate onset of excruciating pain in his left shoulder when he
pulled a tire. 1 This alleged incident occurred approximately one week after he returned to
work following his recovery from a pacemaker surgery. The parties stipulated that Mr.
Thysavathdy is claiming he sustained an acute injury of the left shoulder. Mr.
Thysavathdy testified he told his supervisor, Marshaye Glasscock, the next day that he
1
  Mr. Thysavathdy, who came to the United States when he was 19, testified in Laotian through a state-certified
interpreter. He worked for Bridgestone for seven years and testified he communicated effectively while working
there. Mr. Thysavathdy also stated he communicated effectively with his physicians without an interpreter.

                                                       1
hurt his left shoulder when he was picking up tires. Mr. Thysavathdy acknowledged that
he did not provide written notice to Bridgestone.

       Mr. Thysavathdy continued to work after July 15 and did not seek any medical
treatment until two months later when he went to a walk-in clinic. The record reflected
his chief complaint was cough, including chest wall pain during a cough. Mr.
Thysavathdy was adamant during the hearing that he sought treatment for his left
shoulder injury and not a cold. He also stated he specifically told the provider about his
injury. The record indicated he told the provider he worked at Bridgestone pulling tires
all day and he reported "pain in the arm, left [underarm] during a cough and right arm."
(Ex. 4.) Significantly, Mr. Thysavathdy also gave a history of receiving a pacemaker in
March 2014.

       A week later, Mr. Thysavathdy saw his primary care physician, Dr. Steven
Johnson. He complained of having left upper chest and shoulder pain for the past two
weeks. The history given reflected Mr. Thysavathdy told Dr. Johnson that his job at
Bridgestone exacerbated his condition. He related his chest, arm, and shoulder soreness
to his job.    However, Mr. Thysavathdy also told Dr. Johnson that he experienced
soreness since the pacemaker implant in March 2014. (Ex. 1.) During the hearing, Mr.
Thysavathdy denied hurting after placement of the pacemaker. He insisted he told Dr.
Johnson that he was hurt pulling a tire, but the medical record is silent on that issue.

        Mr. Thysavathdy filed a Petition for Benefit Determination (PBD), and
Bridgestone offered him a panel of physicians from which he selected Dr. Vincent Novak
with Premier Orthopaedics. Dr. Novak's note indicated he reviewed the Medical History
fonn completed prior to the examination. With regard to that fonn, Mr. Thysavathdy
testified he wrote his name and "7 /15114" at the top in response to the question asking
how long he had experienced the problem. He stated a staff member in Dr. Novak's
office completed the form for him since he did not understand what he was reading. 2 In
response to the question asking "[h]ow did it happen," the staff member wrote "using L
arm pulling tires." (Ex. 2; 10.) The form indicated the staff member checked that Mr.
Thysavathdy had a work-related injury on July 15, 2014.

       Mr. Thysavathdy discussed his left shoulder condition with Dr. Novak. He stated
he pulled tires weighing thirty to forty pounds each at Bridgestone. He complained of
"slow progressive worsening of left shoulder/axillary pain over the last to [sic] six
months with no known acute injury." (Ex. 2.) Mr. Thysavathdy estimated the date of
onset as July 15, 2014. However, Dr. Novak noted he "again denies any specific acute
injury (no specific mechanism, location, specific date/time)." Jd. Despite Mr.
Thysavathdy's assertions that communication problems existed with the doctor, Dr.
Novak specifically stated that Mr. Thysavathdy "appears to verbally communicate

2
    Mr. Thysavathdy did not complete high school or obtain aGED .

                                                         2
effectively." ld. Mr. Thysavathdy asserted that Dr. Novak may not have looked at the
Medical History form. However, the office note clearly reflected, "ROS [Range of
Systems] and PFSH [Past, Family and Social History] per history questionnaire 12/29/14
reviewed, as in HPJ [History of Present Illness]." ld. (Emphasis added.) Additionally,
Dr. Novak's note indicated he reviewed recent office notes from Mr. Thysavathdy's
cardiologist and from Dr. Johnson.

        Dr. Novak addressed causation after examining Mr. Thysavathdy and reviewing x-
rays taken in his office. He gave the following opinion regarding causation: "I am
unable to identify any specific work-related injury to the patient's left shoulder-
specifically as he is unable to identify any specific date/time, location or a specific/acute
injury/mechanism which precipitated his pain/problems. I understand and appreciate that
activities (including work) make his pain worse." ld. After receiving Dr. Novak's
assessment, Bridgestone filed a Notice of Controversy disputing the compensability of
the claimed injury.

        Mr. Thysavathdy then sought unauthorized treatment, including arthroscopic
shoulder surgery, with Dr. Roderick Vaughan. The parties deposed Dr. Vaughan. Prior
to surgery, Mr. Thysavathdy's CT arthrogram was normal except for arthritis and
thickening of the supraspinatus tendon. In addition to the pre-operative diagnoses of
rotator cuff syndrome, adhesive capsulitis, and arthritis, he diagnosed Mr. Thysavathdy
post-operatively with a partial thickness tear of his rotator cuff. However, Dr. Vaughan
stated the adhesive capsulitis was the predominant finding.

       During his deposition, Dr. Vaughan explained that Mr. Thysavathdy's condition is
multifactorial. On direct examination, the following dialogue occurred:

       Q: Now, do you have an opinion as to what caused the condition that you treated
       him for, for his shoulder?
       A: Yes.
       Q: What was that?
       A: Well, I think it's potentially multifactorial; however, [Mr. Thysavathdy]
       associated the onset of his symptoms with specifically pulling a tire at work.

       Q: Assuming the truth of the history he gave you of pulling the tires at work, do
       you have an opinion as to whether that was the primary cause of the injury that
       you treated him for?
       A: Yes.

(Ex. 6 at 10.) Although Dr. Vaughan indicated he had an opinion, he did not verbalize it.
However, later in his deposition, he stated that, "the reason I associate [Mr.
Thysavathdy's] symptoms predominantly with his work injury is because he described it
very specifically, that it was a single event that he clearly recalled." ld. at 20.

                                             3
       Dr. Vaughan testified regarding the different factors that potentially contributed to
Mr. Thysavathdy's condition. He indicated Mr. Thysavathdy's previous chest pacemaker
surgery in March 2014, four months before the July 2014 tire incident, is a potential or
contributing factor associated with the formation of adhesive capsulitis in the shoulder.
Dr. Vaughan stated there were also other contributing factors involving Mr.
Thysavathdy's age, such as underlying arthritis, cartilage wear, labral tear, rotator cuff
degeneration and partial tearing. Dr. Vaughan further testified that, more likely than not,
it was a multifactorial condition for which he treated Mr. Thysavathdy. !d. at 32-33.

      During cross-examination, Dr. Vaughan confirmed that the causation opinion he
provided in 20 15 remains the same.

       Q: ... And I believe you have said in the past-and I'll quote this to you-
       that the degenerative joint disease was certainly preexisting.            [Mr.
       Thysavathdy] indicated the onset of the symptoms was a specific pulling
       event. There's a potential for a partial rotator cuff tear, as well as the
       probability that this strain may have contributed to his adhesive capsulitis
       and/or regional pain syndrome. And that you estimate that it certainly is
       probable, in correlation with his history, that it's work-related. Is that still
       your opinion today, that it's just probable?

       A: Yes.

!d. at 29.

                        Findings of Fact and Conclusions of Law

        The following legal principles govern this case. Mr. Thysavathdy has the burden
of proof on all essential elements of his claim. Tenn. Code Ann.§ 50-6-239(c)(6) (2016);
Scott v. Integrity Staffing Solutions, 2015 TN Wrk. Comp. App. Bd. LEXIS 24, at *6
(Aug. 18, 2015). "[A]t a compensation hearing where the injured employee has arrived
at a trial on the merits, the employee must establish by a preponderance of the evidence
that he or she is, in fact, entitled to the requested benefits." Willis v. All Staff, 2015 TN
Wrk. Comp. App. Bd. LEXIS 42, at *18 (Nov. 9, 2015); see also Tenn. Code Ann.§ 50-
6-239(c)(6) (2016). Stated another way, preponderance of the evidence simply means
more likely than not.

                                           Notice

       In order to obtain benefits, Mr. Thysavathdy must first establish he provided
timely notice to Bridgestone. The law requires that an employee must provide the
employer with notice within thirty days of the injury unless the employee has a

                                              4
"reasonable excuse for failure to do so." Written notice is required unless either the
employer had actual notice of the accident or the employee had a reasonable excuse for
failing to give notice. Failure to provide notice can act as a complete bar to recovery, but
it will only bar recovery to the extent that the employer wa prejudiced. See Tenn. Code
Ann. § 50-6-20l(a)-(b) (2015). 3 However, when an employer rai e lack of notice as a
defense, the burden is on the employee either to show that he gave notice, the employer
had actual notice, or the failure to give notice was reasonable under the circumstances.
Hosford v. Red Rover Preschool, TN Wrk. Comp. App. Bd. LEXIS 1, at * 15 (Oct. 2,
2014), quoting Tenn. Code Ann. § 50-6-201(a)(l) (2014).

       Here, Bridgestone argues that Mr. Thysavathdy failed to provide adequate notice
of his alleged July 15, 2014 injury. The Court disagrees. Bridgestone contends that Mr.
Thysavathdy did not provide notice until he filed a PBD on November 10, 2014.
However, Mr. Thysavathdy's unrebutted testimony is that he told his supervisor the day
after his alleged injury that he hurt his left shoulder when he was picking up tires. The
Court finds that Mr. Thysavathdy's verbal notice to his supervisor constitutes actual
notice under Tennessee Code Annotated section 50-6-201(a) (2015).                 Further,
Bridgestone failed to demonstrate prejudice due to any such delay even if it had shown
that Mr. Thysavathdy failed to provide actual notice. Therefore, the Court holds that Mr.
Thysavathdy provided actual notice to Bridgestone the day after his alleged injury.

                                                  Compensability

       Having addressed the notice issue, the Court will now consider the compensability
issue. For his injury to be ·compensable, Mr. Thysavathdy must show his injury arose
"primarily" out of and in the course and scope of his employment at Bridgestone. He
must also show, "to a reasonable degree of medical certainty that [the injury] contributed
more than fifty percent (50%) in causing the . . . disablement or need for medical
treatment, considering all causes." The legislature defined "[ s]hown to a reasonable
degree of medical certainty" to mean the physician must opine "it is more likely than not
considering all causes, as opposed to speculation or possibility." Further, as the panel
physician, Dr. Novak's opinion regarding causation "shall be presumed correct but this
presumption shall be rebuttable by a preponderance of the evidence." See generally
Tenn. Code Ann. § 50-6-102(14) (2016).

        Applying these legal principles to this case, the Court finds Mr. Thysavathdy has
not rebutted the presumption of correctness given to Dr. Novak's opinion and is not
entitled to the requested benefits. Essentially, Mr. Thysavathdy's argument was three-
fold. First, he argued that his English is limited, which presented a barrier in Dr. Novak
understanding him. Second, Mr. Thysavathdy argued that Dr. Novak did not review the
3
  The Court cited the 2015 version of the notice requirement in Tennessee Code Annotated section 50-6-20 I (a),
which applies to Mr. Thysavathdy's alleged July 15, 2014 injury. In 2016, the notice requirement changed from
thirty days to fifteen days for injuries occurring on or after July I, 20 16.

                                                      5
Medical History form completed by a staff member on his behalf, which provided the
date his symptoms began, the description of pulling tires, and a check indicating it was
work-related. Finally, he argued the Court should give greater weight to Dr. Vaughan's
recent opinion provided after performing his surgery.

        Mr. Thysavathdy's argument that a communication barrier existed with Dr. Novak
is without merit. In his office note, Dr. Novak specifically stated Mr. Thysavathdy
"appears to verbally communicate effectively." (Ex. 2.) Likewise, Mr. Thysavathdy
testified that he had no communication problem with Dr. Novak. Therefore, the Court
finds that this argument fails to rebut the presumption of correctness given to Dr.
Novak's opinion.

        Mr. Thysavathdy also argued that Dr. Novak did not review the Medical History
form. However, Dr. Novak specifically referenced the fact that he reviewed the
questionnaire including the History of Present Illness section. Mr. Thysavathdy stated his
problem began on July 15, 2014, when he was using his left ann pulling tires. However,
Dr. Novak reiterated in his office note that Mr. Thysavathdy denied the occurrence of a
specific, acute injury. (Ex. 2; 10.) The Court notes that Mr. Thysavathdy stipulated that
his claim involved an acute left shoulder injury. Therefore, the Court finds this argument
is also without merit.

       The Court next considers Mr. Thysavathdy's argument that Dr. Vaughan's post-
operative opinion rebuts the presumption of correctness by a preponderance of the
evidence. Although Dr. Vaughan acknowledged Mr. Thysavathdy's history of a specific
incident occurring on July 15, 2014, a careful review of his deposition demonstrates that
his opinion is that Mr. Thysavathdy's condition is, more likely than not, multifactorial.
(Ex. 6 at 32-33.) Dr. Vaughan further testified that it is "probable" that Mr.
Thysavathdy's condition is work-related. !d. at 29. After considering Dr. Vaughan's
deposition testimony as whole, the Court concludes that his opinion does not satisfy the
requirement that the tire-pulling incident "more likely than not considering all causes, as
opposed to speculation or possibility" caused Mr. Thysavathdy's left shoulder condition.
See Tenn. Code Ann. § 50-6-102(14)(D) (2016). Therefore, the Court holds that Dr.
Vaughan's opinion fails to rebut the presumption of correctness given to Dr. Novak.

       After careful consideration of the evidence as a whole, this Court concludes Mr.
Thysavathdy failed to establish, by a preponderance of the evidence, his left shoulder
condition arose primarily out of and in the course or scope of his employment with
Bridgestone. In light of this holding, the Court denies Mr. Thysavathdy's request for
medical benefits, temporary disability benefits, and permanent disability benefits.

     This Court taxes the court costs of $150.00 to Bridgestone pursuant to Tennessee
Compilation Rules and Regulations Rule 0800-02-21-.07 (20 16). Further, Bridgestone


                                             6
shall prepare and submit a Statistical Data Form for this matter within ten calendar days
of the date of judgment.
      IT IS, THEREFORE, ORDERED that the claim of Mr. Thysavathdy against
Bridgestone or its workers' compensation carrier is denied.
      ENTERED this the 21st day of February, 2017.




                                           7
                                      APPENDIX


Technical record:
          1. Petition for Benefit Determination
          2. Dispute Certification Notice
          3. Request for Expedited Hearing
          4. Transfer Order
          5. Notice of Deposition ofEmployee, Sisouphahn Thysavathdy
          6. Witness List, Exhibit List & Statement Exhibits Sent to Opposing Counsel,
              and List of Unresolved Evidentiary Disputes
          7. Motion for Evidentiary Hearing
          8. Motion to Strike Medical Records
          9. Order Denying Bridgestone's Motion for Evidentiary Hearing and Motion
              to Strike Medical Records
          10. Expedited Hearing Order Denying Requested Benefits
          11. Initial Hearing Order
          12. Joint Motion to Continue Compensation Hearing and Extend all Deadlines
              by 90 Days
          13. Order Granting Joint Motion to Continue Compensation Hearing and
              Extend all Deadlines by 90 Days
          14. Second Initial Hearing Order
          15. Joint Motion to Continue
          16. Agreed Order
          17. Dispute Certification Notice
          18. Stipulation of the Parties for Final Compensation Hearing
          19. Index of Exhibits for Joint Pre-Compensation Hearing Statement
          20. Pre-Hearing Brief Filed on Behalf of the Employer for the Final
              Compensation Hearing
          21. Index of Exhibits for Pre-Hearing Brief Filed on Behalf of the Employer for
              the Final Compensation Hearing
          22. Pre-Hearing Brief of the Employee for the Final Compensation Hearing
          23. List of Exhibits for Pre-Hearing Brief Filed on Behalf of the Employee for
              the Final Compensation Hearing
          24. Order on Filing of Medical Records for Compensation Hearing
          25. Stipulation of Medical Records by Parties Per January 23, 2017 Order
          26. Chronological Table of Contents

The Court did not consider attachments to Technical Record filings unless admitted into
evidence during the Compensation Hearing. The Court considered factual statements in
these filings or any attachments to them as allegations unless established by the evidence.



                                             8
Exhibits:
       1. Medical certification and records from Brentwood East Family Medicine
       2. Medical certification and records of Dr. Vincent P. Novak
       3. Medical certification and records of Dr. Steven Humphrey
       4. Medical certification and records from Take Care Health Tennessee,
           P. C ./Walgreens
       5. Personnel file ofMr. Thysavathdy
       6. Deposition of Dr. Vaughan
       7. Dr. Vaughan's deposition exhibits
       8. C-42 Panel
       9. Notice of Controversy
       10. Dr. Vaughan's intake form



                             CERTIFICATE OF SERVICE

      I hereby certifY that a true and correct copy of this Compensation Hearing Order
was sent to the following recipients by the following methods of service on this the 21st
day ofFebruary, 2017.

            Name             Certified Mail       Via Email          Service sent to:

Steve C. Norris, Esq.,                               X        steve@stevecnorris.com
Attorney for Employee
Leslie F. Bishop, Esq.,                              X        lbisboR@lew isthomason&om
Attorney for Employer



                                         P nny Shr, n, Clerk of Court
                                         Court of orkers' Compensation Claims
                                         WC.CourtClerk@tn.gov




                                              9
