                                      RECORD IMPOUNDED

                                NOT FOR PUBLICATION WITHOUT THE
                               APPROVAL OF THE APPELLATE DIVISION
        This opinion shall not "constitute precedent or be binding upon any court." Although it is posted on the
     internet, this opinion is binding only on the parties in the case and its use in other cases is limited. R. 1:36-3.




                                                         SUPERIOR COURT OF NEW JERSEY
                                                         APPELLATE DIVISION
                                                         DOCKET NO. A-4136-17T6

STATE OF NEW JERSEY,

          Plaintiff-Respondent,

v.

DAVID BROWN,

     Defendant-Appellant.
_____________________________

                    Argued October 2, 2018 – Decided October 18, 2018

                    Before Judges Fisher, Geiger and Firko.

                    On appeal from Superior Court of New Jersey, Law
                    Division, Gloucester County, Indictment No. W-2018-
                    000181-0814.

                    Julius R. Hughes, Jr, Assistant Deputy Public Defender,
                    argued the cause for appellant (Joseph E. Krakora,
                    Public Defender, attorney; Julius R. Hughes, Jr.,
                    Assistant Deputy Public Defender, of counsel and on
                    the briefs).

                    Jacqueline E. Caban, Assistant Prosecutor, argued the
                    cause for respondent (Charles A. Fiore, Gloucester
                    County Prosecutor, attorney; Jacqueline E. Caban, on
                    the briefs).
PER CURIAM

      Defendant filed an appeal of a pretrial detention order, claiming the trial

court's failure to provide him with an initial appearance within forty-eight hours

of his arrest 1 on one of several charges necessitated his immediate release from

incarceration. Because defendant has since been released, we find the matter

moot and consequently dismiss the appeal. Only a brief explanation is required.

      Defendant was arrested on a drug offense in West Deptford on Friday,

May 11, 2018; he was also then the subject of an outstanding complaint-warrant

on an offense alleged to have occurred three weeks earlier in Paulsboro. On

Saturday, May 12, defendant was brought before the court for a first appearance

on the West Deptford matter; after briefly hearing from the parties, the judge

detained defendant subject to the State's application for pretrial detention on the

West Deptford matter, which he scheduled for May 16. Before the May 12

hearing ended, however, defendant asked about his "Paulsboro charges." Despite

defendant's persistence and repeated inquiries about the Paulsboro matter, the



1
   The recently enacted Criminal Justice Reform Act, N.J.S.A. 2A:162-15 to -
26, requires that a court – but for certain enumerated exceptions – "shall make
. . . a pretrial release decision for an eligible defendant without unnecessary
delay, but in no case later than 48 hours after the eligible defendant's
commitment to jail." N.J.S.A. 2A:162-17.
                                                                           A-4136-17T6
                                        2
municipal judge responded he was unaware of that matter and declined to

address it.

      After that first hearing but before defendant was brought back to court on

May 16, the Paulsboro matter came to light. A public safety assessment that

encompassed the Paulsboro matter was prepared and, on May 16, the judge

ordered that defendant be detained.

      The next day, as was his right, see R. 2:9-13, defendant appealed to this

court. Once the appeal was perfected, we considered defendant's contentions and

the State's response and, on June 21, 2018, entered an order that concluded there

were sufficient grounds for the pretrial detention order. We did not, however,

rule on defendant's forty-eight-hour argument; instead, we reserved decision on

that point, invited supplemental briefs, and calendared the matter for oral

argument.

      Defendant was released from incarceration before the date set for oral

argument. Recognizing his release negated our ability to impose an adequate

remedy, and in fulfillment of the obligation imposed by Rule 2:9-13(g),

defendant moved to be allowed to proceed with this appeal; in short, he invited

our declaration that the appeal had not been rendered moot by his release. We




                                                                         A-4136-17T6
                                       3
granted that motion but without prejudice to further consideration of the effect

of defendant's release on the appeal.

      We now conclude the appeal should be dismissed on mootness grounds.

We recognize the issue posed is of public interest, but even if it could be shown

to have a tendency to reoccur 2 it will not necessarily evade effective review in

the future. See Zirger v. Gen. Acc. Ins. Co., 144 N.J. 327, 330 (1996); see also

John F. Kennedy Mem'l Hosp. v. Heston, 58 N.J. 576, 579 (1971). Even though

we placed this particular case on a regular plenary calendar – thereby delaying

its disposition – our normal practice is to quickly examine the issues and rapidly

render a decision in such matters. See R. 2:9-13 (declaring that appeals like this

"shall be expedited"). We are confident that any future departure from the

requirements of N.J.S.A. 2A:162-17 can be expeditiously reviewed before

turning moot.

      To conclude, the issue raised is better considered when faced with a real

controversy. Although we question whether the remedy for a breach of the forty-

eight-hour statutory provision should be the arrestee's immediate release, as


2
   We have considered more than 1000 such appeals by defendants since the
Criminal Justice Reform Act became effective on January 1, 2017. Our research
reveals this is only the second time this court has considered a breach of the
forty-eight-hour rule.


                                                                          A-4136-17T6
                                        4
defendant argues, we decline to reach that issue and instead conclude the appeal

is moot.3

      Appeal dismissed.




3
  We offer no view as to whether defendant's detention, if wrongful, would
support the imposition of a civil remedy.
                                                                        A-4136-17T6
                                       5
