    In the United States Court of Federal Claims
                                 OFFICE OF SPECIAL MASTERS
                                          No. 18-1105V
                                        (to be published)


    JAMES MAHONEY, ESQ.,
                                                            Chief Special Master Corcoran
                        Petitioner,
    v.                                                      Filed: June 3, 2020


    SECRETARY OF HEALTH AND                                 Special Processing Unit (SPU);
    HUMAN SERVICES,                                         Attorney’s Fees and Costs


                       Respondent.


Steven Douglas Hillyard, Law Office of Steven D. Hillyard, APC, Newport Beach, CA, for
Petitioner.

Camille Michelle Collett, U.S. Department of Justice, Washington, DC, for Respondent.

                      DECISION ON ATTORNEY’S FEES AND COSTS 1

        On July 30, 2018, Petitioner, James Mahoney, Esq., filed a petition for
compensation under the National Vaccine Injury Compensation Program, 42 U.S.C.
§300aa-10, et seq. 2 (the “Vaccine Act”). Petitioner alleged that he suffered Guillain-Barré
syndrome (“GBS”) after receiving the influenza vaccine on September 12, 2017. (Petition
at 1, ¶ 2). On March 30, 2020, a decision was issued awarding compensation to Petitioner
based on the Respondent’s proffer. (ECF No. 49).



1 Because this Decision contains a reasoned explanation for the action in this case, I am required to post it
on the United States Court of Federal Claims' website in accordance with the E-Government Act of 2002.
44 U.S.C. § 3501 note (2012) (Federal Management and Promotion of Electronic Government Services).
This means the Decision will be available to anyone with access to the internet. In accordance with
Vaccine Rule 18(b), Petitioner has 14 days to identify and move to redact medical or other information, the
disclosure of which would constitute an unwarranted invasion of privacy. If, upon review, I agree that the
identified material fits within this definition, I will redact such material from public access.

2
 National Childhood Vaccine Injury Act of 1986, Pub. L. No. 99-660, 100 Stat. 3755. Hereinafter, for ease
of citation, all section references to the Vaccine Act will be to the pertinent subparagraph of 42 U.S.C. §
300aa (2012).
        Petitioner has now filed a motion for attorney’s fees and costs, dated March 27,
2020 (ECF No. 47), requesting an award of $126,192.10 (representing $124,397.00 in
fees, and $1,795.10 in costs). In accordance with General Order No. 9, Petitioner filed a
signed statement indicating that he has incurred out-of-pocket expenses in the amount of
$4,987.50. (ECF No. 46). The total amount of fees and costs requested equals
$131,179.60. Respondent reacted to the motion on March 30, 2020, indicating that he is
satisfied that the statutory requirements for an award of attorney’s fees and costs are met
in this case, and otherwise deferring resolution of the amount to be awarded to my
discretion. (ECF No. 49). Petitioner did not file a reply thereafter.

      For the reasons set forth below, I hereby GRANT IN PART, Petitioner’s motion,
and award final attorney’s fees and costs in the amount of $57,977.07.

          I.     LEGAL STANDARD

       Since Petitioner was awarded compensation for his injury, he is entitled to an
award of reasonable attorney’s fees and costs. Section 15(e)(1) (emphasis added). As
the Federal Circuit has noted, these fees and costs are “not expected to be high” due to
the “no-fault, non-adversarial system” set forth in the Vaccine Act. Saxton ex rel. v. Sec’y
of Health & Human Servs., 3 F.3d 1517, 1520 (Fed. Cir. 1993) (quoting H.R. REP. NO. 99-
908, at 36 reprinted in 1986 U.S.C.C.A.N. 6344, 6377).

       Reasonable attorney’s fees are calculated by multiplying a reasonable hourly rate
by a reasonable number of hours expended on litigation, the lodestar approach. Avera v.
Sec’y of Health & Human Servs., 515 F.3d 1343, 1347-48 (Fed. Cir. 2008) (quoting Blum
v. Stenson, 465 U.S. 886, 888 (1984)); Saxton, 3 F.3d at 1521. Although not explicitly
stated in the statute, the requirement that only reasonable amounts be awarded applies
to costs as well as fees. See Perriera v. Sec’y of Health & Human Servs., 27 Fed. Cl. 29,
34 (1992), aff’d, 33 F.3d 1375 (Fed. Cir. 1994).

        The petitioner “bears the burden of establishing the hours expended, the rates
charged, and the expenses incurred.” Wasson v. Sec’y of Health & Human Servs., 24 Cl.
Ct. 482, 484 (1991). In their fee application, claimants “should present adequate proof [of
the attorney’s fees and costs sought] at the time of the submission.” Wasson, 24 Cl. at
484 n.1. Petitioner’s counsel “should make a good faith effort to exclude from a fee
request hours that are excessive, redundant, or otherwise unnecessary, just as a lawyer
in private practice ethically is obligated to exclude such hours from his fee submission.”
Hensley v. Eckerhart, 461 U.S. 424, 434 (1983).


                                             2
       Furthermore, the special master may reduce a fee request sua sponte, apart from
objections raised by respondent and without providing a petitioner notice and opportunity
to respond. See Sabella v. Sec’y of Health & Human Servs., 86 Fed. Cl. 201, 209 (2009).
A special master need not engage in a line-by-line analysis of petitioner’s fee application
when reducing fees. Broekelschen v. Sec’y of Health & Human Servs., 102 Fed. Cl. 719,
729 (2011).

            II.     ATTORNEY FEES

                    A. Hourly Rates

       Petitioner requests that I endorse the hourly rate of $455 per hour for both Steven
Hillyard and his associate, Rudy Pacheco, for all time billed by both attorneys in this
matter from 2018 to 2020. (ECF No. 47 at 2). I find adjustments are needed to the rates
requested, due to each attorney’s inexperience in the Vaccine Program.

                            i.   Rudy Pacheco

       Mr. Pacheco has been a licensed attorney in California since 2014 and has billed
the majority of time in this case. (ECF No. 47-1 at 2). Based on the year he became a
licensed attorney, Mr. Pacheco would fall under the range of attorneys with 4 – 7 years’
experience on the OSM Attorney’s Forum Rate Schedules for the work he performed in
this case. 3 Mr. Pacheco’s requested rate of $455 per hour, however, greatly exceeds
what an attorney with comparable overall legal experience (even those with greater
experience in the Vaccine Program) would receive. The appropriate experience ranges
for an attorney with Mr. Pacheco’s overall years of experience would be as follows: $238
- $317 per hour for 2018; $243 - $324 per hour for 2019; and $253 - $337 per hour for
2020. 4 When determining the appropriate hourly rate within these ranges, I consider the
additional factors set forth in McCulloch: experience in the Vaccine Program, overall legal
experience, the quality of work performed, and reputation in the legal community and
community at large. 2015 WL 5634323, at *17.


3 Beginning in 2015-16, schedules for attorney’s rates based upon the ranges set forth in McCulloch v.
Sec’y of Health & Human Servs., No. 09-293V, 2015 WL 5634323 (Fed. Cl. Spec. Mstr. Sept. 1, 2015),
which has been endorsed by all sitting special masters as of October 24, 2016. The original schedule for
2015-16 as well as yearly updates are posted on the court’s website at www.cofc.uscourts.gov/node/2914.

4These ranges can be found in OSM Attorney’s Forum Hourly Rate Schedules for years 2018, 2019, and
2020.


                                                   3
        At the start of this case, Mr. Pacheco had four years of overall experience but no
experience in the Vaccine Program. 5 This lack of experience is reflected in the billing
records. For example, Mr. Pacheco spent numerous hours researching basic aspects of
the Vaccine Program, such as the Vaccine Rules, and excessively documenting and
preparing for routine email and telephone correspondence. 6 While the quality of Mr.
Pacheco’s work was good, he required more time per task than would be required for an
attorney with the same overall experience but greater experience in the Vaccine Program.
It is for these reasons I find it appropriate to reduce the requested hourly rate for Mr.
Pacheco for all periods of work performed on this matter to something more in line with
his Vaccine Program experience and overall legal experience, and therefore award the
following rates:

               •   $238 per hour for work performed in 2018;

               •   $243 per hour for work performed in 2019; and

               •   $253 per hour for work performed in 2020.

      Based upon the rates I am permitting for Mr. Pacheco, the amount of fees to be
awarded in this case is reduced by $44,736.10. 7

                                ii. Steven Hillyard

       Steven Hillyard has been a licensed attorney since 1975, placing him in the range
of attorneys with over 31 years of experience. (ECF No. 47-1 at 1). Just as with Mr.
Pacheco, however, this is Mr. Hillyard’s first case in the Vaccine Program. Mr. Hillyard’s
requested rate of $455 per hour is within the range for attorneys at his level of overall
experience, albeit on the highest end of the range. In addition, the nature of work Mr.
Hillyard performed in this matter appears to have been substantively limited. The billing



5   It appears this is Mr. Pacheco’s first vaccine case.

6 For example, prior to filing the petition in this case, Mr. Pacheco spent 8.40 hours reviewing the Vaccine
Rules, caselaw, and filing guidelines in this case. (47-3 at 1-2, entries dated 5/15/18,7/2/18. 7/15/18). On
April 30, 2019, Mr. Pacheco spent 3.40 hours reviewing Respondent’s status report requesting additional
medical records (a two-page document) and responding to correspondence from Respondent’s counsel.
(47-3 at 11).

7This amount consists of ($455 - $238 = $217 x 83.3 hrs = $18,076.10) + ($455 - $243 = $212 x 110.70
hrs = $23,468.40) + ($455 - $253 = $202 x 15.8 hrs = $3,189.60) = $44,736.10.


                                                           4
records reveal that the tasks billed by Mr. Hillyard consisted mainly of initial meetings with
Petitioner, research, and consulting with Mr. Pacheco on aspects of the case. 8

      Due to Mr. Hillyard’s limited experience in the Vaccine Program and the nature of
work performed, I find it appropriate to reduce his rates as follows:

            •   $407 per hour for work performed in 2018;

            •   $415 per hour for work performed in 2019; and

            •   $433 per hour for work performed in 2020.

       Reducing the hourly rates allowed for Mr. Hillyard further reduces the total amount
of fees to be awarded in the amount of $2,493.40. 9

                            iii. Paralegal Tasks at Attorney Rates

      The filed attorney invoices reveal multiple instances in which tasks that are
considered paralegal in nature were billed at attorney rates. Attorneys may be
compensated for paralegal-level work, but only at a rate that is comparable to what would
be paid for a paralegal. See, e.g. Doe/11 v. Sec’y of Health & Human Servs., No. XX-
XXXV, 2010 WL 529425, at *9-10 (Fed. Cl. Spec. Mstr. Jan. 29, 2010) (citing Missouri v.
Jenkins, 491 U.S. 274, 288 (1989)); Mostovoy v. Sec’y of Health & Human Servs., No.
02-10V, 2016 WL 720969, at *5 (Fed. Cl. Spec. Mstr. Feb. 4, 2016); Riggins. v. Sec’y of
Health & Human Servs., 99-382V, 2009 WL 3319818, at *20-21 (Fed. Cl. Spec. Mstr.
June 15, 2009); Turpin v. Sec’y of Health & Human Servs., No. 99-535, 2008 WL
5747914, at *5-7 (Fed. Cl. Spec. Mstr. Dec. 23, 2008).

        Examples of such instances include:

        •   July 27, 2018 (2.30 hrs) “Contacted clerk concerning questions regarding
            service on respondents, initial pleadings. Reviewed rules of Court. Prepared
            paper copy for service on defendants”;


8Examples of these entries included: March 20, 2018 (1.50 hrs) “Research vaccine rules of U.S. Court of
Federal Claims”; October 19, 2018 (3.0 hrs) “Confer and review materials regarding preparation for court
hearing on Monday October 22nd – status conference”; March 13, 2019 (0.30 hrs) “Discussion with Randy
Pacheco regarding economic expert v. life care planner” and April 4, 2019 (1.0 hrs) “Research judge and
cases”. (ECF No. 47-3 at 1, 4, 8 and 9). These are merely examples and not an exhaustive list.

9This amount consists of ($455- $407 = $48 x 16.8 hrs = $806.40) + ($455- $415 = $40 x 35.3 hrs = $1,412)
+ ($455 - $433 = $22 x 12.5 hrs = $275) = $2,493.40.

                                                   5
        •   November 9, 2018 (0.40 hrs) “Filed exhibit 15-16, certificate of completion,
            notice of filing, served same on respondents via post office”;

        •   April 18, 2019 (0.30 hrs) “Accessed client’s portal at Cedar Sinai regarding
            records and sent a formal request for updated medical records”; and

        •   April 23, 2019 (3.10 hrs) “Downloaded neurologist medical records; created
            exhibits 17, 18, 19 and 20 and arranged for filing and for service tomorrow –
            pdfs were word-searched formatted and downloaded to a CD for service”; and

        •   May 3, 2019 (0.40 hrs) “Prepared update exhibit list and new exhibit. Filed and
            served exhibit 34 and update exhibit (VAERS) report.”

        (ECF No. 47-3 at 3, 5, 10 and 11).

       Although this time may be reimbursed, I will do so only at the rate of $145 per hour,
an hourly rate more in line with that of a paralegal. 10 This reduces the request for attorney
fees in the amount of $3,802.30. 11

                    B. Block Billing, Disallowed or Reduced Billing, Excessive Billing

         In addition to reducing the requested hourly rates, I find that the amount of
attorney’s fees requested must be reduced to account for tasks billed that include
administrative time, non-compensable time, and time billed incorrectly for travel. After a
review of the records, a majority of these entries are blocked with other tasks - making it
extremely difficult to parse out the time inappropriately billed to this matter. Block billing,
or billing large amounts of time without sufficient detail as to what tasks were performed,
is clearly disfavored in the Program. See Broekelschen v. Sec’y of Health & Human
Servs., 07-137V, 2008 WL 3903710 (Fed. Cl. Spec. Mstr. Dec 15, 2006). The Vaccine
Program’s Guidelines for Practice state, “[e]ach task should have its own line entry
indicating the amount of time spent on that task.” 12 Several tasks lumped together with
one-time entry frustrates the court’s ability to assess the reasonableness of the request.

10
  Petitioner’s motion claims that paralegals at his counsels’ firm bill time at the rates of $132 - $153 per
hour, although it does not appear from the filed invoices that any paralegals actually worked on this matter.
(ECF No. 47-2 at 2).
11 This amount consists of the already reduced attorney rates as follows ($238 - $145 = $93 x 22.30 hrs =

$2,073.90) + ($243 - $145 = $98 x 14 hrs = $1,372) + ($253 - $145 = $108 x 0.80 hrs = $86.40) + ($415 -
$145 = $270 x 1 hr = $270) = $3,802.30.

12 The Guidelines for Practice can be found at
http://www.cofc.uscourts.gov/sites/default/files/19.01.18%20Vaccine%20Guidelines.pdf.

                                                     6
        The filed billing records also reveal multiple instances when Petitioner seeks
compensation for work usually not paid or for which a reduced hourly rate is more
appropriate. For example, there are several instances in which work was performed on
tasks considered clerical or administrative. In the Vaccine Program, secretarial work
“should be considered as normal overhead office costs included within the attorney’s fee
rates.” Rochester v. U.S., 18 Cl. Ct. 379, 387 (1989); Dingle v. Sec’y of Health & Human
Servs., No. 08-579V, 2014 WL 630473, at *4 (Fed. Cl. Spec. Mstr. Jan. 24, 2014). “[B]illing
for clerical and other secretarial work is not permitted in the Vaccine Program.” Mostovoy,
2016 WL 720969, at *5 (citing Rochester, 18 Cl. Ct. at 387). Examples of these entries
include:

   •   July 18, 2018 (0.60 hrs) “Reviewed the biographical information of the doctors
       discussed and obtained picture profiles for easy identification, organized by
       specialty”;

   •   July 27, 2018 (0.50 hrs) “Prepared electronic copies for filing”;

   •   November 6, 2018 (0.30 hrs) “Formatted 837 pages of medical records for word
       recognition in anticipation of filing”;

   •   February 13, 2019 (0.30 hrs) “Reformatted over 200 pages of EOBs from
       Medicare;

   •   March 20, 2020 (0.10) “Receive proof of payment regarding Zengler”; and

   •   March 20, 2020 (0.40) “Telephone discussion with Pacer representative to attempt
       to fix glitch regarding Pacer account in order to regain filing ability.”

(ECF No. 47-3 at 3, 5, 8, 22 and 23).

       Additionally, attorneys Hillyard and Pacheco billed almost 20 hours of time
performing basic research regarding the Vaccine Program. “[I]t is inappropriate for
counsel to bill time for educating themselves about basic aspects of the Vaccine
Program.” Matthews v. Sec’y of Health & Human Servs., No. 14-1111V, 2016 WL
2853910, at *2 (Fed. Cl. Spec. Mstr. Apr. 18, 2016). “An inexperienced attorney may not
ethically bill his client to learn about an area of law in which he is unfamiliar. If an attorney
may not bill his client for this task, the attorney may also not bill the Program for this task.”


                                               7
Carter v. Sec’y of Health & Human Servs., No. 04-1500V, 2007 WL 2241877, at *5 (Fed.
Cl. Spec. Mstr. July 13, 2007). Examples of these entries include:

   •   July 2, 2018 (2.20 hrs) “Reviewed vaccine rules; considerations in mind: extent of
       medical records needed, video(s) regarding before and after for damages exhibit,
       potential timeline, potential settlement conference”;

   •   April 4, 2019 (1.00 hrs) “Research judge and cases”; and

   •   June 10, 2019 (0.70 hrs) “Researched question regarding tax and vaccine award.
       Conferred with SDH regarding status of case and client's concern.”

(ECF No. 47-3 at 2, 9, and 12).

      The Petitioner’s attorneys also billed for tasks which are not relevant to or
allowable under the Vaccine Program. For example, Mr. Pacheco billed 1.80 hours to
prepare a retainer on May 20, 2018. (ECF No. 47-3 at 1). As I explain in Section III below,
however, such arrangements are prohibited under the Vaccine Program. Thus, it is
inappropriate to pay for this time.

       Other entries appear to be unrelated to the vaccine proceeding and possibly
relevant to a potential civil award. Under the Vaccine Program, reasonable attorney’s fees
and costs are limited to those “incurred in any proceeding on [a] petition.” Section 5(e)(1);
see also Krause v. Sec’y of Health & Human Servs., No. 01-93V, 2012 WL 4477431, at
*6 (Fed. Cl. Spec. Mstr. June 20, 2012). “[R]esearch conducted to explore petitioner's civil
remedies . . . are not tasks related to the proceedings on this vaccine claim,” and thus,
should not be compensated. Krause, 2012 WL 4477431, at *6.

       There are several entries regarding meetings with or correspondence regarding
Judge Bob Jameson. It is unclear what role Judge Jameson played, but it appears he
may have been consulted regarding the appropriate valuation of this case. However,
there is no evidence suggesting he is experienced in the Vaccine Program. Thus, it
appears Judge Jameson’s involvement was related to a future civil action. Even if related
to the vaccine proceeding, this time would still be disallowed as I do not find Judge
Jameson’s involvement necessary. These entries include:

   •   March 19, 2018 (7.00 hrs) “Preparation for and appearance at Santa Monica for
       meeting with Jim Mahoney, his wife and Judge Jameson. Discussion about facts
       of case and injuries”;
                                             8
     •   April 3, 2019 (0.10 hrs) “Email to client regarding Bob Jameson's invite to April 11,
         2019 meeting”; and

     •   January 23, 2020 (0.30 hrs) “Conferred with SDH regarding reaching out to Judge
         Jameson regarding settlement offers/memo.”

(ECF No. 47-3 at 1, 9, and 19).

        Finally, attorneys Hillyard and Pacheco have billed for time traveling to meetings
with Petitioner, and block billed time billed for the meetings in the same entry. 13 In the
Vaccine Program, however, special masters traditionally have compensated time spent
traveling when no other work was being performed at one-half an attorney’s hourly rate.
See Hocraffer v. Sec’y of Health & Human Servs., No. 99-533V, 2011 WL 3705153, at
*24 (Fed. Cl. Spec. Mstr. July 25, 2011); Rodriguez v. Sec'y of Health & Human Servs.,
No. 06-559V, 2009 WL 2568468, at *21 (Fed. Cl. Spec. Mstr. Jul. 27, 2009); English v.
Sec’y of Health & Human Servs., No. 01-61V, 2006 WL 3419805, at *12-13 (Fed. Cl.
Spec. Mstr. Nov. 9, 2006). On March 19, 2018, Mr. Hillyard billed seven hours for a
meeting with Petitioner and on July 25, 2019, Mr. Pacheco billed six and a half hours for
travel and meeting with the Petitioner. (ECF No. 47-3 at 1, 3). As the travel time is billed
together with the time meeting with Petitioner, I am unable to decipher the amount of time
spent on each task. However, it is clear from the billing records that a 50 percent reduction
of any travel time along with the tasks which would be disallowed under the Vaccine
program total at least 30 hours.

        Invoices show that Mr. Hillyard and Mr. Pacheco billed 273.40 hours between
March 2018 – March 2020. This quantity of hours, in comparison to the length of time
billed, is extreme in comparison to other GBS case in the Vaccine Program. 14 (ECF No.
47-3 at 23). Recently filed attorney fee decisions in GBS cases in the Vaccine Program,
specifically, similar cases in the Special Processing Unit, have submitted billing invoices
reflecting the total number of hours to be significantly less than the total amount of hours
submitted in this matter. See Allen v. Sec’y of Health & Human Servs., No. 18-0693V,
2020 WL 1670708, (Fed. Cl. Spec. Mstr. March 4, 2020) (Billing a total of 119 hours from
July 2017 – February 2020); Kirkpatrick v. Sec’y of Health & Human Servs., No. 18-

13
  The time billed by Mr. Hillyard does not explicitly state that he traveled during this time, but travel time is
implied as he requests reimbursement for mileage costs on that date. (ECF No. 47-3 at 1).

14The excessive billing includes over 16 hours reviewing Vaccine Guidelines and Rules, and both attorneys
attending in person meetings and calls.

                                                       9
1271V, 2020 WL 1866855 (Fed. Cl. Spec. Mstr. March 10, 2020) (Billing a total of 133
hours from January 2017 – January 2020) and Barrera v. Sec’y of Health & Human
Servs., No. 18-1304V, 2020 WL 1486803, (Fed. Cl. Spec. Mstr. February 12, 2020)
(Billing a total of 59.6 hours from January 2017 – February 2020). This excessive number
of hours reflects counsel’s inexperience in the Vaccine Program and the streamlined
billing practices to which more experienced attorneys in the Program are accustomed.

       Special Masters have previously reduced fees for work attributable to excessive
and duplicative billing. See Ericzon v. Sec’y of Health & Human Servs., No. 10-103V,
2016 WL 447770 (Fed. Cl. Spec. Mstr. Jan. 15, 2016) (reduced overall fee award by ten
percent due to excessive and duplicative billing); Raymo v. Sec’y of Health & Human
Servs., No. 11-65V, 2016 WL 7212323 (Fed. Cl. Spec. Mstr. Nov. 2, 2016) (reduced
overall fee award by 20 percent), mot. for rev. denied, 129 Fed. Cl. 691 (2016).

      In evaluating a motion for attorney’s fees and costs, special masters “need not,
and indeed should not, become green-eyeshade accountants.”. Fox v. Vice, 563 U.S.
826, 838, 131 S.Ct. 2205, 180 L.Ed.2d 45 (2011). I hereby reduce the request for attorney
fees by 10 percent for each of the reasons listed above. This results in an overall 30
percent reduction for a total of $22,009.56. 15

           III.    ATTORNEY AND PETITIONER COSTS

       Petitioner requests $6,782.60 in overall costs, consisting of $1,795.10 in attorney
costs and $4,987.50 in costs incurred personally by Petitioner. (ECF No. 47-4 at 1). This
amount is comprised of expert costs, copy costs, and the Court’s filing fee. Some of these
requested costs warrant further scrutiny.

       First, Petitioner requests reimbursement for copies, at a rate of $0.25 per page, for
1,929 pages for a total of $482.25. But these rates are in excess of what is awarded for
in-house printing. See Fragoso v. Sec’y of Health & Human Servs., No. 08-236V, 2011
WL 300139 (Fed. Cl. Spec. Mstr. Jan. 6, 2011). I find no reason to deviate from what is
regularly awarded in the Program, and thus reduce the request for copy costs to $0.20
per page. This results in a reduction of attorney costs in the amount of $96.45.




15This amount is calculated after the hourly rate reduction was reduced from the total. $124,397.00 -
$44,736.10 - $2,493.40 - $3,802.30= $73,365.20 x .30 = $22,009.56.


                                                 10
       Second, Petitioner is requesting a total of $64.72 in postage charges. No invoices
for these charges were provided, however, and Petitioner’s counsel has stated in
response to inquiries requesting substantiation that their office would not be able to
provide these invoices as they are not available. 16 With no supporting documentation, I
deny this part of the costs request. The request for costs is thus further reduced by
$64.72.

         The bulk of costs sought in this case are comprised of $4,987.50 paid by Petitioner
for an economic expert, and $750.00 paid by Petitioner’s counsel for a life care planner.
Although Petitioner did not obtain prior approval for these expenses as instructed in the
initial order filed July 31, 2018 (ECF No. 5), I became aware of these expenses and agree
that the services provided were helpful in resolving this case. Additionally, the hourly rates
of these experts and total amounts sought were reasonable. As Respondent’s economist
was being consulted, it is appropriate that Petitioner retain his own economic expert. See
Status Report, filed Feb. 3, 2020 (ECF No. 35). These costs will be paid in full.

            IV.     WARNING RE FEE ARRANGEMENTS IN THE VACCINE PROGRAM

       In the process of deciding the present fees request, I have learned (from the
materials filed in support of the request) that Petitioner has a retainer agreement with his
counsel that obligates him personally to reimburse counsel for costs and fees not paid by
the Program. (ECF No. 47-2). This kind of arrangement, however, while acceptable
between lawyer and client outside of the Program, is wholly impermissible within the
Program, where fees and costs can only be obtained by order of the special master
presiding over the case. See Section 15(e)(3) (“[n]o attorney may charge any fee for
services in connection with a petition . . . which is in addition to any amount awarded as
compensation by the special master or court under paragraph (1)”) (emphasis added).

       The Federal Circuit addressed this issue in Beck v. Sec’y of Health & Human
Servs., 924 F.2d 1029 (1991), affirming the Claims Court’s “jurisdiction to proscribe the
fee agreement before it.” 17 924 F.2d at 1037. The Circuit reasoned that the Claims Court’s

16Court staff contacted counsel for Petitioner by email on May 12, 2020, requesting invoices or
documentation for the copy costs. Mr. Pacheco responded stating that their office has in house postage
and calculate charges manually, therefore no documentation can be provided. Counsel for Respondent
was copied on all correspondence.

17In dictum, the Circuit indicated that the Claims Court’s authority would not extend to any future agreement
between petitioner and counsel. Beck, 924 F.2d at 1036-37; see 28 U.S.C. § 171(a) (1988) (declaring the
United States Court of Federal Claims to be a court established under Article I of the Constitution of the
United States) and thus, limited to the authority expressly granted to it by Congress).

                                                    11
disapproval of the fee agreement in Beck was “a necessary part of its duty to allocate
victim and attorney compensation in the manner Congress intended.” Id. at 1036. The
Circuit explained that to hold otherwise would redirect a portion of the compensation
awarded to a petitioner to counsel and thus, violate Congressional intent. Id. at 1034-35.
Following the Federal Circuit’s guidance, other special masters have disallowed similar
agreements. See, e.g., K.O. v. Sec’y of Health & Human Servs., No. 13-0472V, 2017 WL
4385751 (Fed. Cl. Spec. Mstr. Aug. 22, 2017); Estate of Kapp by and through Fidelity
Bank v. Sec’y of Health & Human Servs., No. 16-0487V, 2017 WL 2601989 (Fed. Cl.
Spec. Mstr. Jan. 17, 2017); Pestka v. Sec’y of Health & Human Servs., No. 06-708V,
2015 WL 11109789 (Fed. Cl. Spec. Mstr. Mar. 25, 2015).

      I raise this issue both to bring it to Petitioner’s and counsel’s attention, and also to
admonish counsel that any attempt to recover from Petitioner any fees or costs that have
been requested herein but not awarded by this Decision would constitute a violation of
the Vaccine Act. Enforcement of this part of the retainer agreement despite this
admonition would also raise legitimate questions about counsel’s ethical conduct that
would have to be brought to the attention of the Court of Federal Claims’s disciplinary
body.

           V.      CONCLUSION

       The Vaccine Act permits an award of reasonable attorney’s fees and costs in
successful cases. Section 15(e). Accordingly, I hereby GRANT IN PART Petitioner’s
Motion for attorney’s fees and costs in the total amount of $57,977.07. This amount should
be distributed as follows:

            •   A lump sum of $52,989.57, representing reimbursement for attorney’s
                fees in the amount of $51,355.64 and costs in the amount of $1,633.93,
                in the form of a check payable jointly to Petitioner and Petitioner’s
                counsel and;

            •   A lump sum of $4,987.50, representing reimbursement for Petitioner’s
                costs, in the form of a check payable to Petitioner.

      In the absence of a timely-filed motion for review (see Appendix B to the Rules of
the Court), the Clerk shall enter judgment in accordance with this decision. 18

IT IS SO ORDERED.

18 Pursuant to Vaccine Rule 11(a), the parties may expedite entry of judgment by filing a joint notice
renouncing their right to seek review.
                                                 12
     s/Brian H. Corcoran
     Brian H. Corcoran
     Chief Special Master




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