        IN THE COURT OF CRIMINAL APPEALS OF TENNESSEE
            AT NASHVILLE Assigned on Briefs October 8, 2013

         STATE OF TENNESSEE v. DANTE DEVON OMAR TRUITT

                    Appeal from the Criminal Court for Davidson County
                         No. 2012-C-2397Cheryl Blackburn, Judge



                    No. M2013-00606-CCA-R3-CD Filed October 16, 2013


The Defendant, Dante Devon Omar Truitt, pled guilty to explosive weapon possession with an
agreed eight-year sentence as a Range I, standard offender. At a subsequent sentencing hearing, the
trial court sentenced the Defendant to serve the eight-year sentence in the Tennessee Department of
Correction. The Defendant appeals, asserting that the trial court erred when it denied alternative
sentencing. After a thorough review of the record and applicable law, we find no error in the trial
court’s judgment.

      Tenn. R. App. 3 Appeal as of Right; Judgment of the Criminal Court Affirmed

ROBERT W. WEDEMEYER , J., delivered the opinion of the Court, in which JAMES CURW OOD
WITT , JR ., and ROGER A. PAGE , JJ., joined.

Emma Rae Tennent (on appeal) and Sarah King (at hearing), Nashville, Tennessee, for the
appellant, Dante Devon Omar Truitt.

RobertE.Cooper,Jr.,AttorneyGeneral and Reporter; JeffreyD. Zentner,Assistant Attorney General;
Victor S. Johnson, III, District Attorney General; and Megan King, Assistant District Attorney
General for the appellee, State of Tennessee.


                                           OPINION

      This case arises from police officers discovering a pipe duct-taped to a propane tank in the
Defendant’s car. As a result, a Davidson County grand jury indicted the Defendant for possession,
manufacture, transport, repair, or sale of an explosive weapon. The Defendant was also indicted for
unlawful possession of a handgun.

       On November 29, 2012, the Defendant pled guilty to possession of an explosive weapon and

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agreed to an eight-year sentence as a Range I, standard offender, with the trial court to determine the
manner of service of the sentence. At the guilty plea submission hearing, the State offered the
following factual basis for the trial court’s acceptance of the Defendant’s guilty plea:

       [O]n March the 24th, 2012, police were called to respond to a residence, which
       was here in Davidson County. It was the residence of the [D]efendant and his
       wife. While traveling to the scene they got an update that the [D]efendant possibly
       had a bomb and a gun. They saw the [D]efendant driving. They pulled him over.
       Located in the backseat was a propane tank with a pipe and duck [sic] tape taped
       to it, which was in the rear driver’s side floorboard. The man was established who
       - - on the suspicious package and the surrounding area was evacuated. The bomb
       squad was called and responded to the scene. They were able to dismantle the
       bomb.

        On January25,2013, the trial court held a sentencing hearing to determine the manner of
service of the Defendant’s eight-year sentence. At the hearing, the parties presented the following
evidence: Matt Silvey, a licensed clinical social worker, testified that he was employed with the
Nashville Public Defender’s office. He said thathis job included assisting clients with treatment
plans, seeking mental health or medical treatment, and assisting with investigative duties on the
defense teams.

        Mr. Silvey testified that he had met the Defendant through his work in the public
defender’s office. He described the Defendant as “an intelligent guy, relatively high functioning [
] with a good work ethic and . . . strong feelings of responsibility towards his family.” Mr. Silvey
said that he also believed that the Defendant was experiencing “some level of depression” which
manifested through “increased levels of irritability” and “anger responses.” Mr. Silvey described
this behavior as “a bit of a pattern for [the Defendant].”

        Mr. Silvey testified that the Defendant had little or no relationship with his biological father
and was primarily raised by his mother. The Defendant completed high school and then moved to
Nashville in an attempt to make a connection with his father; however, the relationship with his
father became “veryvolatile.” Mr. Silveyopined that this failed attempt at a relationship with his
father was “deeply painful” causing the Defendant to respond to difficult situations by “isolating and
becoming angry.”

        Mr. Silvey testified that he believed the Defendant would benefit significantly from a mental
health assessment and treatment. Although the Defendant did not currently have insurance, Mr.
Silvey stated that the Defendant could seek help at one of the community health centers through the
state’s Behavior Health Safety Net program.

        Verlaine Truitt, the Defendant’s wife, testified that she believed that the Defendant would
benefit from counseling. She said that counseling would help the Defendant learn how to handle his


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anger in a better way. Ms. Truitt said that the Defendant was not abusive when he became upset but
rather “holds a lot of things inside.” She said that the behavior underlying the Defendant’s conviction
was not typical and that she had never seen the Defendant with a bomb before.

       Ms. Truitt testified that she and the Defendant had three sons and one daughter. She
described the Defendant as “a very good father.” She said that she and the children were shocked
bythe Defendant’s actions resulting in this arrest. Ms.Truittsaid that the Defendant has expressed
remorse over this incident to her, and she believed that he would be successful in serving out a
probation sentence.

        The Defendant testified that he graduated from high school and was a licensed certified nurse
technician (“CNT”). He stated that he worked either as a CNT or in “security.” The Defendant
denied suffering from any type of mental illness. He further denied any substance abuse or
disabilities. The Defendant acknowledged a prior reckless driving conviction and stated that he had
never served a probation sentence.

         The Defendantdescribed himself as “veryinvolved”withhis children who were eight, seven,
three, and two years old. He said that, if he were granted an alternative sentence, he would live with
his wife and children. The Defendant said that he believed he would benefit from counseling and
would comply with any conditions of probation assigned by the trial court. The Defendant introduced
a letter from his mother and a letter from his aunt stating that he was a good father and a good
candidate for a probation sentence.

        On cross-examination, the Defendant testified that, on the day police found the bomb in his
car, he was driving to the home of “Ms. Rice,” a woman he claimed had stolen money from him. The
Defendant stated that he was unaware there was a bomb in the truck until police found it in the back
seat. The Defendant denied making the bomb but admitted placing the bomb in his truck. The
Defendant would not disclose the source of the bomb because he was “in fear for [his] life.”

       Upon further questioning by the trial court, the Defendant agreed that he had possession of
the bomb since July 4, 2011. From the time he acquired it until police found the bomb on March 24,
2012, the Defendant said that he stored the bomb “somewhere that it was just an okay spot.” The
Defendant said that he had the bomb because “they told me it was like a big fire cracker.” He
explained that he expected to set it off on the Fourth of July but did not have the opportunity to do
so. The Defendant denied any knowledge that the bomb would create shrapnel.

        After hearing this evidence, the trial court stated that it was considering arguments as to
sentencing alternatives, the evidence presented at the sentencing hearing, the presentence report, the
nature and characteristics of the crime, enhancement and mitigating factors, the Defendant’s
statement, criminal history, and potential for rehabilitation. The trial court, in considering factors
pertaining to confinement, went on to find:



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       [T]he only one that really would apply is whether it’s necessary to avoid
       depreciating the seriousness of the offense or is particularly suited to provide an
       effective deterrence to others likely to commit similar offenses. And when you do
       this based solely on this factor, the offense must be especially violent, horrifying,
       shocking, or reprehensible, offensive or to an exaggerated degree. And it must
       outweigh all the other factors favoring probation. And keeping in mind also it is
       up to the [D]efendant to convince me that probation would be appropriate in this
       case. And I’ve heard - - I listened to the preliminary hearing. We had a bond
       hearing, and then we have the presentence report. I guess in all this - - I think this
       does qualify as a shocking, reprehensible - - I mean, we’re talking about a pipe
       bomb in a car. Now, his wife tells me that the door handles were not on the car
       already. So even though to the police it might have seemed that it would force
       somebody to open the back door, apparently that car was already that way. And
       she hadn’t seen the bomb. But according to [the Defendant’s] testimony he had
       had that bomb for some time. He gets mad, and he goes over there. Now, he says
       he doesn’t think he has the bomb with him, but, I mean, it’s pretty hard to miss.
       The police officer could see it from outside the car. The point is this is a pretty
       horrifying thing. And he’s - - he’s in the middle of the night, and then he has a gun
       on him. This is
       • plus [the Defendant] is not credible whatsoever on this issue. He has not convinced
       me. He’s willing to have counseling, but I’m not sure for what other than his anger.
       I appreciate that he has a family that he takes care of, but I’m afraid I’m going to have
       to impose the sentence, [the Defendant], based on the fact of the seriousness of this
       and to avoid depreciating the seriousness of the offense.

It is from this judgment that the Defendant now appeals.

                                            II. Analysis

       The Defendant argues that the trial court erred when it denied him alternative

sentencing. The State responds that the trial court considered alternative sentencing and properly
sentenced the Defendant to confinement based upon the seriousness of the offense. We agree
with the State.

        In State v. Bise, the Tennessee Supreme Court reviewed changes in sentencing law and
the impact on appellate review of sentencing decisions. The Tennessee Supreme Court
announced that “sentences imposed by the trial court within the appropriate statutory range are to
be reviewed under an abuse of discretion standard with a ‘presumption of reasonableness.’” State
v. Bise, 380 S.W.3d 682 (Tenn. 2012). A finding of abuse of discretion “‘reflects that the trial
court’s logic and reasoning was improper when viewed in lightof the factualcircumstances
andrelevantlegalprinciples involved in a particularcase.’” State v. Shaffer, 45 S.W.3d 553, 555


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(Tenn. 2001) (quoting State v. Moore, 6 S.W.3d 235, 242 (Tenn. 1999)). To find an abuse of
discretion, the record must be void of any substantial evidence that would support the trial
court’s decision. Id.; State v. Grear, 568 S.W.2d 285, 286 (Tenn. 1978); State v. Delp, 614
S.W.2d 395, 398 (Tenn. Crim. App. 1980). The reviewing court should uphold the sentence “so
long as it is within the appropriate range and the record demonstrates that the sentence is
otherwise in compliance with the purposes and principles listed by statute.” Bise, 380 S.W.3d at
709-10. So long as the trial court sentences within the appropriate range and properly applies the
purposes and principles of the Sentencing Act, its decision will be granted a presumption of
reasonableness. Id. at 707.

         Recently, our Supreme Court extended the Bise standard to appellate review of the manner
of service of the sentence. The Court explicitly held that “the abuse of discretion
standard,accompaniedbya presumption of reasonableness,appliestowithin-rangesentences that reflect
a decision based upon the purposes and principles of sentencing, including the questions related to
probation or anyother alternative sentence.” Caudle,388 S.W.3d at27879. We are to also recognize
that the defendant bears “the burden of demonstrating that the sentence is improper.” State v. Ashby,
823 S.W.2d 166, 169 (Tenn. 1991).

         In determining the proper sentence, the trial court must consider: (1) the evidence, if any,
received at the trial and the sentencing hearing; (2) the presentence report; (3) the principles of
sentencing and arguments as to sentencing alternatives; (4) the nature and characteristics of the
criminal conduct involved; (5) evidence and information offered bythe parties on the mitigating and
enhancement factors set out in Tennessee Code Annotated sections 40-35-113 and -114; (6) any
statistical information provided by the administrative office of the courts as to sentencing practices
for similar offenses in Tennessee; and (7) any statement the defendant made in the defendant’s own
behalf about sentencing. See T.C.A. § 40-35-210 (2010); State v. Taylor, 63 S.W.3d 400, 411 (Tenn.
Crim. App. 2001). The trial court must also consider the potential or lack of potential for
rehabilitation or treatment of the defendant in determining the sentence alternative or length of a
term to be imposed.

T.C.A. § 40-35-103 (2010).

       With regard to alternative sentencing, Tennessee Code Annotated section 40-35102(5)
provides as follows:

       In recognition that state prison capacities and the funds to build and maintain them
       are limited, convicted felons committing the most severe offenses, possessing
       criminalhistories evincing a cleardisregard forthe lawsand morals of society, and
       evincing failure of past efforts at rehabilitation shall be given first priority regarding
       sentencing involving incarceration.

A defendant who does not fall within this class of offenders, “and who is an especially mitigated


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offender or standard offender convicted of a Class C, D or E felony, should be considered as a
favorable candidate for alternative sentencing options in the absence of evidence to the contrary.”
T.C.A. § 40-35-102(6)(2010). Generally, defendants classified as Range II or Range III offenders
are not to be considered as favorable candidates for alternative sentencing. T.C.A. §
40-35-102(6) (2010). Additionally, we note that a trial court is “not bound” by the advisory
sentencing guidelines; rather, it “shall consider” them. T.C.A.§ 40-35-102(6) (2010) (emphasis
added).

      Even if a defendant is a favorable candidate for alternative sentencing under Tennessee Code
Annotated section 40-35-102(6), a trial court may deny an alternative sentence because:

        (A) Confinement is necessary to protect society by restraining a defendant who
        has a long history of criminal conduct;

        (B) Confinement is necessary to avoid depreciating the seriousness of the offense or
        confinement is particularlysuited to provide an effective deterrence to others likely
        to commit similar offenses; or

        (C) Measures less restrictive than confinement have frequently or recently been
        applied unsuccessfully to the defendant.

T.C.A. § 40-35-103 (2010).

        In this case, the trial court properly considered the relevant sentencing factors. The trial court
concluded that the Defendant did not have a long history of criminal conduct or that less restrictive
measures than confinement had frequently or recently been applied. The trial court did, however,
deny an alternative sentence based upon the seriousness of the offense. The evidence shows that the
Defendant acquired a pipe bomb and stored it for a period of at least eight months. The Defendant,
angry at an acquaintance, put the bomb inside his vehicle and proceeded to a residential area where
police stopped the Defendant and found the bomb inside the vehicle. The residential area was
evacuated and a bomb squad disabled the bomb, diffusing the threat to the local residents. At the
sentencing hearing, the Defendant failed to be forthcoming about the source of the bomb and
downplayed the seriousness of the destructive potential of such an item.

         In sentencing matters we are to afford the trialcourta presumption of reasonableness. In so
doing, we can not conclude in this case that the trial court’s logic and reasoning was improper
when viewed in light of the factual circumstances. The Defendant possessed an explosive device,
capable of causing devastating injury and damage. The device was possessed in a residential
area. It is within the trial court’s discretion to characterize this conduct as “especially violent,
horrifying, shocking, reprehensible, offensive, or otherwise of an excessive or exaggerated
degree.” State v. Zeolia, 928 S.W.2d 457, 462 (Tenn. Crim. App.1996). Accordingly,the trial
court did notabuse its discretion bydenying an alternative sentence in this case. The Defendant is

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not entitled to relief.

                                          III. Conclusion

         Based upon the foregoing and the record as a whole, we affirm the judgments of the trial
court.


                                                     _________________________________
                                                     ROBERT W. WEDEMEYER, JUDGE




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