     l                                                                    FILED
     j
     l                                                                 OCTOBER 4, 2016
 j                                                                 In the Office of the Clerk of Court
                                                                 WA State Court of Appeals, Division Ill




                     IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF THE STATE OF WASHINGTON
                                        DIVISION THREE



I        STATE OF WASHINGTON,

                                Respondent,
                                                         )
                                                         )
                                                         )
                                                                  No. 33326-4-111



II              V.
                                                         )
                                                         )
                                                         )
                                                                  UNPUBLISHED OPINION

'        RICHARD EUGENE CORNWELL, JR.,                   )



I
                                                         )
                                Appellant.               )

                PENNELL, J. -      Richard Cornwell appeals a superior court order denying his

         motion to vacate legal financial obligations (LFOs ). Because the State has not yet

         attempted to enforce the LFO order, Mr. Cornwell is not an aggrieved party. His appeal

         is therefore dismissed.

                                               BACKGROUND

                While serving a lengthy prison sentence, Mr. Cornwell filed a motion in Walla

         Walla County Superior Court to vacate LFOs. Mr. Cornwell owes over $5,000 in LFOs,

         but payments are not scheduled to begin until after his release from prison, which is

         projected to occur in 2025. The basis of Mr. Cornwell's motion to vacate was there had

         not been a sufficient finding of ability to pay under State v. Blazina, 182 Wn.2d 827, 344

ii
1
         P .3d 680 (2015).
l

1

l
No. 33326-4-111
State v. Cornwell


       The superior court denied Mr. Cornwell' s motion after holding a brief hearing.

Mr. Cornwell appeals.

                                           ANALYSIS

       Under RAP 3 .1, "[ o]nly an aggrieved party may seek review by the appellate

court." Mr. Cornwell is not yet an aggrieved party as he is still in custody and no effort

has been made to enforce payment of his LFOs. State v. Mahone, 98 Wn. App. 342, 348,

989 P.2d 583 (1999). Although the trial court denied Mr. Cornwell's motion to vacate

costs, "he suffers no concrete injury until the State seeks to enforce payment and

contemporaneously determines his ability to pay." Id.; State v. Smits, 152 Wn. App. 514,

525,216 P.3d 1097 (2009). While Mr. Cornwell'sjudgment and sentence authorized the

Department of Corrections to deduct inmate wages for purposes of repayment of LFOs

under RCW 72.11.20, this authorization does not constitute a collection action by the

State "requiring inquiry into a defendant's financial status." State v. Crook, 146 Wn. App.

24, 27-28, 189 P .3d 811 (2008).

       The Supreme Court's decision in Blazina does not undermine the reasoning in

decisions such as Mahone, Smits, and Crook. Blazina addressed the requirements for a

superior court's factual findings regarding ability to pay court costs. A defendant

dissatisfied with the findings set forth in his or her judgment and sentence can bring up



                                             2
No. 33326-4-111
State v. Cornwell


this issue in a direct appeal. See State v. Bertrand, 165 Wn. App. 393, 267 P.3d 511

(2011) (reversing for insufficient findings pre-Blazina). But Blazina did not create a

mechanism for reopening a final judgment in cases like Mr. Comwell's where no

objections were made during the direct appeal process.

       Importantly, Blazina did not reverse State v. Blank, 131 Wn.2d 230, 930 P.2d 1213

( 1997), which held the constitutional right to contest imposition of fines on the basis of

indigence is not ripe until enforcement. Mahone, Smits and Crook are all premised on

Blank. They are not undermined by Blazina.

                                     CONCLUSION

       Mr. Comwell's LFO claims are denied as they are not ripe for review. The appeal

is dismissed.

       A majority of the panel has determined this opinion will not be printed in the

Washington Appellate Reports, but it will be filed for public record pursuant to RCW

2.06.040.


                                           Pennell, J.
WE CONCUR:




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