15-1253-cv
Bennett v. Project Renewal, Inc.


                                    UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
                                        FOR THE SECOND CIRCUIT

                                           SUMMARY ORDER

RULINGS BY SUMMARY ORDER DO NOT HAVE PRECEDENTIAL EFFECT. CITATION TO A
SUMMARY ORDER FILED ON OR AFTER JANUARY 1, 2007, IS PERMITTED AND IS GOVERNED BY
FEDERAL RULE OF APPELLATE PROCEDURE 32.1 AND THIS COURT’S LOCAL RULE 32.1.1.
WHEN CITING A SUMMARY ORDER IN A DOCUMENT FILED WITH THIS COURT, A PARTY MUST
CITE EITHER THE FEDERAL APPENDIX OR AN ELECTRONIC DATABASE (WITH THE NOTATION
“SUMMARY ORDER”). A PARTY CITING A SUMMARY ORDER MUST SERVE A COPY OF IT ON
ANY PARTY NOT REPRESENTED BY COUNSEL.

              At a stated term of the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit,
held at the Thurgood Marshall United States Courthouse, 40 Foley Square, in the City of
New York, on the 30th day of December, two thousand fifteen.

PRESENT: REENA RAGGI,
                 RICHARD C. WESLEY,
                 CHRISTOPHER F. DRONEY,
                         Circuit Judges.
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SHARON ARETHA BENNETT,
                         Plaintiff-Appellant,

                                   v.                                     No. 15-1253-cv

PROJECT RENEWAL, INC., JIM MUTTON,
MITCHELL NETBURN, and JESSICA AMSTERDAM,
                         Defendants-Appellees.*
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FOR APPELLANT:                                      Sharon Aretha Bennett, pro se, New York,
                                                    New York.

FOR APPELLEES:                                     Jason A. Zoldessy, Jackson Lewis P.C., New
                                                   York, New York.




* The Clerk of Court is directed to amend the caption as set forth above.

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        Appeal from a judgment of the United States District Court for the Southern District

of New York (John G. Koeltl, Judge).

        UPON DUE CONSIDERATION, IT IS HEREBY ORDERED, ADJUDGED,

AND DECREED that the judgment entered on March 31, 2015, is AFFIRMED.

        Plaintiff Sharon Aretha Bennett appeals pro se the district court’s dismissal of her

complaint against Project Renewal, Inc. and three of its individual employees, alleging

discriminatory termination and retaliation. The district court ruled that whether Bennett’s

claims were brought under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 (“Title VII”), 42

U.S.C. §§ 2000e to 2000e-17, or the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (“ADA”), id.

§§ 12111–17, dismissal was warranted because she failed to file a timely charge with the

Equal    Employment      Opportunity    Commission      (“EEOC”).        See   42    U.S.C.

§§ 2000e-5(e)(1), 12117(a) (requiring filing within 300 days of alleged discriminatory act

where proceeding initially instituted with state or local agency). We further construe

Bennett’s submission as an appeal from the denial of her request for leave to amend her

complaint. We assume the parties’ familiarity with the underlying facts, procedural

history, and issues on appeal.

        We review de novo the dismissal of a complaint, accepting all factual allegations as

true and drawing all inferences in the plaintiff’s favor. See Littlejohn v. City of New

York, 795 F.3d 297, 306 (2d Cir. 2015); see also Nielsen v. Rabin, 746 F.3d 58, 63 (2d Cir.

2014) (stating that pro se complaint “must be construed liberally to raise the strongest



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arguments it suggests” (internal quotation marks omitted)).          To survive dismissal,

however, a complaint must plead “enough facts to state a claim to relief that is plausible on

its face,” Bell Atl. Corp. v. Twombly, 550 U.S. 544, 570 (2007), and that “allows the court

to draw the reasonable inference that the defendant is liable for the misconduct alleged,”

Ashcroft v. Iqbal, 556 U.S. 662, 678 (2009). Leave to amend a complaint “may properly

be denied if the amendment would be futile.” Grullon v. City of New Haven, 720 F.3d

133, 140 (2d Cir. 2013) (internal quotation marks and alteration omitted). We review a

district court’s denial of a request for leave to amend for abuse of discretion. Id.

       Applying these principles here, we conclude that the district court correctly

dismissed Bennett’s complaint and properly denied leave to amend substantially for the

reasons stated in its March 30, 2015 decision.

       In her appellate brief, Bennett does not address any of the concerns identified by the

district court; instead, she only sets forth additional facts related to—but not pleaded

in—her complaint. These facts do not, however, resolve the defect identified by the

district court: Bennett’s claims of discrimination and retaliation based on her filing of a

workers’ compensation claim do not allege membership in any class or engagement in any

activity protected by Title VII or the ADA. See 42 U.S.C. § 2000e-2(a) (prohibiting

employers from engaging in adverse actions based on race, color, religion, sex, or national

origin); Reynolds v. American Nat’l Red Cross, 701 F.3d 143, 154 (4th Cir. 2012) (“Filing

a workers’ compensation claim is not something that is covered by the ADA . . . .”); cf.



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Kirkland v. Cablevision Sys., 760 F.3d 223, 225 (2d Cir. 2014) (observing that

membership in protected group or engagement in protected activity is required to state

prima facie claim for Title VII discrimination and retaliation, respectively). Further,

because Bennett does not pursue an equitable tolling argument on appeal to excuse her

untimely EEOC filing, we deem that point abandoned and do not address it further. See

Van Allen v. Cuomo, 621 F.3d 244, 247 n.2 (2d Cir. 2010) (observing that issues not raised

in pro se brief may be deemed abandoned); LoSacco v. City of Middletown, 71 F.3d 88,

92–93 (2d Cir. 1995).

      We have considered Bennett’s remaining arguments and conclude that they are

without merit. Accordingly, we AFFIRM the judgment of the district court.

                                         FOR THE COURT:
                                         Catherine O’Hagan Wolfe, Clerk of Court




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