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                                                                                             COLURT #
                                                                                                            APPEALS
                                                                                                    01V1S1%
                                                                                                          4
                                                                                           1013 JUL 30
                                                                                                       AM 10: 34
    IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF THE STATE OF W                                                    A
                                                                                                        ti/
                                                                                                          A       OTOi
                                              DIVISION II                                  B
                                                                                                              y

STEVEN L.OSTROM,                                                         No. 43314 1 II
                                                                                   - -


                                    Appellant,

       V.



NICOLE GIBSON fk/ NICOLE MADSEN,
                /a                                                UNPUBLISHED OPINION




       PENOYAR J. — Steven L. Ostrom appeals the trial court's decision to relinquish

jurisdiction to Georgia in this parenting plan modification proceeding. Because the applicable

factors outlined in the Uniform Child Custody Jurisdiction and Enforcement Act (UCCJEA),

chapter 26. 7 RCW, support the trial court's decision that Georgia is the more convenient forum,
          2
we affirm.


                                                     FACTS


       Ostrom and Nicole Gibson are the parents of two sons born in 1997 and 1999. In 2003,

the Pierce County Superior Court entered an agreed parenting plan that allowed Gibson to

relocate to   Georgia with    the   boys. Ostrom was to have ongoing contact as well as visitation

during the holidays.

       Ostrom brought a contempt action against Gibson in 2009 for not allowing him to have

scheduled visits with their sons in 2006 and 2008. After finding Gibson in contempt, the Pierce

County.Superior Court entered a purge condition requiring her to comply with the visitations

scheduled for 2009 and 2011. In December 2011, Gibson obtained an emergency order from a

Georgia court in Talbot County that prevented the boys from visiting Ostrom that month. The
Talbot County    court took   jurisdiction   on an   emergency basis after the   boys expressed   reluctance
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to make the scheduled December visit because of Ostrom's alleged misconduct the previous

summer.




         A hearing in Pierce County on the contempt matter was set over until the Washington and

Georgia courts could hold a telephonic hearing to discuss the status of the case and which court

should handle the current proceedings. Gibson disclosed during that hearing that she had filed a

petition to modify the parenting plan in Georgia in addition to seeking the emergency order. The

courts agreed that Pierce County would conclude the contempt proceeding, which concerned

Gibson's compliance with the 2009 contempt order, and that Talbot County would assume

jurisdiction over the modification proceeding.

         Ostrom objected and argued that all of the facts concerning the modification focused on

his   alleged   misconduct in   Washington. He also asserted that the boys had worked with a

guardian ad litem in Washington in 2004 and 2005 who should work with them again. The court

responded that its biggest concern was the boys, who had lived in Georgia for the past 12 years

and were old enough to have a voice in the matter. He added that a guardian ad litem in Georgia

could meet with them and that any information from Washington could be provided in writing.

The court entered an order retaining jurisdiction over the contempt proceeding but declining

jurisdiction over the modification proceeding, adding that Georgia was now the "home state."

Clerk's Papers at 1.

         A Pierce County commissioner then found Gibson in contempt for preventing the boys

from visiting Ostrom during the December 2011 school break. The resulting order provided that

Gibson could purge the contempt by facilitating the boys' visitation with Ostrom in 2012, as

permitted by the Talbot County court.


                                                 2
43314 1 II
      - -




       The    Pierce    County     Superior     Court       subsequently     heard   Ostrom's    motion     for


reconsideration of the order      declining jurisdiction      over   the modification   proceeding.   Ostrom


argued that Pierce County had jurisdiction over the modification under the UCCJEA and that it

could decline jurisdiction only after finding, based on several statutory factors, that Washington

was an inconvenient forum. Ostrom argued that these factors supported retaining jurisdiction in

Washington. The trial court denied reconsideration after reviewing the applicable factors and

             that                            inconvenient forum for Gibson and the two            boys.    The
concluding          Washington    was   an




court's written order   incorporated    its oral   ruling. Ostrom now appeals, arguing .that the trial

court erred by relinquishing jurisdiction over the modification proceeding to a Georgia court.
                                                ANALYSIS


       Ostrom argues that we should reverse the trial court because Washington rather than

Georgia is the boys' home state as well as the most convenient forum, and because the court's
decision rewards Gibson for her contempt.

       We review a trial court's decision to decline jurisdiction under the UCCJEA to determine

whether that decision    was     manifestly    unreasonable     or   based   on   untenable   grounds.    In re


Marriage of Greenlaw,       123    Wn. d 593, 609, 869 P. d
                                     2                  2               1024 ( 1994).     Both Georgia and

Washington    have   adopted   the UCCJEA.         GA. CODE ANN. § 9 9 40 (2001);
                                                                 1 - -          RCW 26. 7.
                                                                                    011.
                                                                                      2

Our Supreme Court recently explained the purpose of this legislation:

                The UCCJEA arose out of a conference of states in an attempt to deal with
       the problems of competing jurisdictions entering conflicting interstate child
       custody orders, forum shopping, and the drawn out and complex child custody
       legal proceedings often encountered by parties where multiple states are involved.
       It is, in a sense, a pact among states limiting the circumstances under which one
       court may modify the orders of another.




                                                        3
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     1




In re Custody of A. .,165 Wn. d 568, 574, 200 P. d 689 (2009) citations and footnote
                  C         2                  3              (

omitted); also In re Parentage ofRuff, 168 Wn. App. 109, 114, 275 P. d 1175 (2012).
        see                                                        3

        The UCCJEA provides that jurisdiction remains with the state that made the initial child

custody determination unless both parents and the child no longer live there or unless that state's

court (1)determines that it no longer has jurisdiction or (2)determines that it should relinquish

jurisdiction..'A. ., Wn. d at 575; RCW 26. 7. Consequently, even when the state that
                C 165 2                221.
                                         2
made the initial ruling continues to have jurisdiction, it may decline to exercise that jurisdiction

if it decides that another state is a more convenient forum and in a better position to make the

custody determination at issue. A. ., Wn. d at 577 n. ;RCW 26. 7.
                                 C 165  2           7      261.
                                                             2

        Washington retained jurisdiction over this case because a Pierce County court entered the

initial parenting plan and because Ostrom continues to reside in this state. A. ., Wn. d at
                                                                              C 165  2
575; RCW 26. 7. Georgia could obtain jurisdiction because it is now the boys' home state
         211.
           2

and because the Pierce County court determined that Georgia was the more convenient forum

under RCW 26. 7. RCW 26. 7.see RCW 26. 7. home state"is state in which
          261.
            2        221;
                       2           021(
                                      7
                                      2 ) ( "

child lived with a parent for at least six consecutive months before the commencement of a child

custody proceeding).
        In making that determination, the trial court was required to consider the factors set out in

RCW 26. 7.
    261(
       2):
       2

        a)Whether domestic violence has occurred and is likely to continue in the future
        and which state could best protect the parties and the child;
        b)The length of time the child has resided outside [the] state;


    A child custody determination includes a parenting plan. RCW 26. 7.
                                                                 021(
                                                                    3
                                                                    2 ).
2
 Because a child's periods of temporary absence from a state are included in the six month
                                                                                     -
period,the boys' visitation with Ostrom does not interrupt that period. RCW 26. 7.
                                                                              021(   7
                                                                                     2 ).
                                                  4
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       c) The distance between the court in this state and the court in the state that
       would assume jurisdiction;
       d)The relative financial circumstances of the parties;
       e)Any agreement of the parties as to which state should assume jurisdiction;
       f)The nature and location of the evidence required to resolve the pending
       litigation, including testimony of the child;
       g)The ability of the court of each state to decide the issue expeditiously and the
       procedures necessary to present the evidence; and
       h) The familiarity of the court of each state with the facts and issues in the
       pending litigation.

See A. .,165 Wn. d at 577 n. (court should consider all relevant statutory factors before
     C         2           7

declining jurisdiction).

       As Ostrom explained, the first factor in RCW 26. 7. not relevant because there
                                                    261(
                                                       2 is
                                                       2 )
is no evidence of domestic violence in this case. The trial court addressed the second factor in

stating that the boys had lived in Georgia since 2000 or 2001 and by court order since 2003. The

court referred to the third factor,the distance between Washington and Georgia, in observing that

it was not reasonable for a guardian ad litem from Washington to travel to Georgia to do an

investigation. With regard to the fourth factor, both parties argued that they had limited financial

resources,   but the trial   court   made   no   oral   findings concerning   the   parties'   financial


circumstances.   We note, however, that Ostrom is representing himself in this appeal and that

Gibson's attorney withdrew after Ostrom filed his notice of appeal.

       Referring to the fifth factor, which addresses any agreement the parties made concerning

jurisdiction, Ostrom argued that the 2003 agreed parenting plan stated that Washington has

exclusive jurisdiction. The trial court responded to this argument as follows:

       T] view Washington as somehow being entrenched with jurisdiction from the
         o
       beginning of a case through the end of a case doesn't make a great deal of sense,
       and I know it' a reality that people move and new relationships are established,
                    s
       etc. The UCCJEA wasn't designed to invest one state forever with jurisdiction
       making important decisions regarding children. It was designed to have a more
       realistic and rational approach to jurisdictional issues.
                                                   5
11-
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Report of Proceedings (Mar. 9,2012)at 20 21.
                                         -

       With regard to the factor concerning the nature and location of evidence required to

resolve the pending litigation, the trial court focused on the 'two boys and on the fact that their

friends, physicians, and counselors are in Georgia. The court reasoned that any information that

Ostrom needed to present could be provided by declaration and that he could participate in the

proceedings by telephonic hearing.       The court had earlier observed that any information

regarding Ostrom's criminal history could be provided in writing.

       Finally, with regard to the ability of the court of each state to decide the issue

expeditiously and the familiarity of each court with the pending litigation, Gibson noted that the

case would be going to a new Pierce County judge if it remained in Washington and that any

judge who took the case would have to become familiar with a large court file.

       In the end, the trial court focused on the two boys and their considerable connection with

Georgia, as opposed to their minimal connection with Washington. We do not view the court's

decision that Georgia is the more convenient forum for the boys and their mother as manifestly

unreasonable or based on untenable grounds, and we reject Ostrom's contention that the decision

to decline jurisdiction rewards Gibson for her earlier contempt. We affirm the court's decision to

relinquish jurisdiction over this matter to Georgia.

       Affirmed.




                                                 3
43314 1 II
      - -




       A majority of the panel having determined that this opinion will not be printed in the

Washington Appellate Reports, but will be filed for public record in accordance with RCW

040,
2.6.it is so ordered.
 0




We concur:


       F




       Hunt, J. l

           r




       Bjo     en, J.




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