               United States Court of Appeals
                                 For the First Circuit


Nos. 14-1521, 14-1522

                          IN RE NEXIUM ANTITRUST LITIGATION


                                   ASTRAZENECA AB, et al.,

                                     Defendants-Appellants,

                                                 v.

UNITED FOOD AND COMMERCIAL WORKERS UNIONS AND EMPLOYERS MIDWEST
                    HEALTH BENEFITS FUND, et al.,

                                       Plaintiffs-Appellees.



                                              Before

                                   Torruella, Dyk,* and Kayatta,
                                         Circuit Judges.


                                     ORDER OF COURT
                                   Entered: January 21, 2015


               After briefing, oral argument, and submission of this case, defendants filed a

voluntary motion to dismiss the appeal. See Fed. R. App. P. 42(b). Defendants argue that because

the underlying claims in this case have been resolved, with several defendants reaching settlements

and others receiving a jury verdict in their favor, dismissal is appropriate. Defendants do not drop

their opposition to the class certification order, nor do they commit not to appeal that order after

       *
        Of the Federal Circuit, sitting by designation.
final judgment is entered. They simply wish to eliminate the possibility that this panel will decide

now the merits of such an appeal. While plaintiffs agree to a dismissal (if awarded costs), they

disagree that the case has been resolved and effectively agree only because in their view a dismissal

would resolve the class certification issue in their favor. See Appellee Resp. 1 ("Plaintiffs agree that

the appeal has always lacked merit, and thus assent to its dismissal on that ground.").

               "We have broad discretion to grant voluntary motions to dismiss." Am. Auto. Mfrs.

v. Comm’r, Mass. Dept. of Envtl. Prot., 31 F.3d 18, 22 (1st Cir. 1994). We think the motion to

dismiss should be denied here for three reasons.

               First, although some of the underlying issues have been settled and a jury has reached

a verdict on some others, the case is not moot. See Am. Auto Mfrs., 31 F.3d at 23 (suggesting

denying voluntary motion to dismiss if it is based on "unsound argument [of] moot[ness]" (citation

omitted)). Plaintiffs filed post-trial motions, including a motion for new trial, and apparently

contemplate an appeal. The parties continue to disagree about whether the class certification was

proper.

               Second, courts have recognized that a court’s prior investment of time in preparing

a decision is a relevant factor in deciding whether to dismiss. See 16AA Charles A. Wright & Arthur

R. Miller, Federal Practice & Procedure § 3988 (4th ed. 2008). Here, as in Ford v. Strickland, 696

F.2d 804 (11th Cir. 1983) (en banc) (per curiam), the motion was filed "[a]fter full briefing,

extended oral argument, and several months of deliberation during which [we] sought to resolve and

reconcile the various issues involved . . . ." Id. at 807. A final draft had already been prepared. See

Albers v. Eli Lilly & Co., 354 F.3d 644, 646 (7th Cir. 2004) (per curiam) (denying motion to dismiss

"[a]fter a draft of [the] opinion had been written"); see also Suntharalinkam v. Keisler, 506 F.3d 822,


                                                 -2-
828 (9th Cir. 2007) (Kozinski, J., dissenting) (dissent "aware of no case where a motion for

voluntary dismissal was granted when it was filed after the case was argued and submitted for

decision").

                Third, the defendants here may be acting strategically. See Albers, 354 F.3d at 646

("One good reason to exercise discretion against dismissal is to curtail strategic behavior." (citations

omitted)).    Defendants here should not be able to circumvent this panel by dismissing an

interlocutory appeal on an issue they can later press again before a different panel in an appeal after

final judgment. A party should not be able to "manipulate the formation of precedent by dismissing

[an appeal]." Id. at 646 (explaining that a "judicial decision created with a significant investment

of public resources is not a bargaining chip that the parties may elect to have vacated" (citing U.S.

Bancorp Mortg. Co. v. Bonner Mall P’ship, 513 U.S. 18 (1994)).

                Accordingly, the motion to dismiss is:

                                              DENIED



                                                       By the Court:
                                                       /s/ Margaret Carter, Clerk


cc: Mr. Allen, Mr. Baldridge, Mr. Balto, Mr. Barrett, Ms. Bass, Ms. Bennett, Mr. Berman, Mr.
Bloom, Mr. Breivik, Mr. Brooks, Ms. Bucholtz, Ms. Chan, Ms. Choi, Mr. DeValerio, Mr. Demuth,
Mr. Dugan, Ms. Evans, Ms. Fales, Ms. Foley, Mr. Franco, Mr. Girard, Ms. Goldstein, Mr.
Gustafson, Mr. Hester, Ms. Hubbard, Mr. Isaacson, Ms. Parker, Mr. Joiner, Mr. Kayal, Mr. Lazerow,
Mr. Livingston, Mr. Lometti, Mr. Marcucci, Mr. McDonald, Ms. Meriwether, Mr. Myers, Ms. Neill,
Ms. Nelson, Ms. Nussbaum, Mr. Opper, Ms. Orenstein, Mr. Perwin, Mr. Plymale, Mr. Radice, Ms.
Resnick, Mr. Richards, Ms. Robertson, Mr. Roddy, Mr. Rossi, Mr. Schirripa, Mr. Schoen, Mr.
Segura, Mr. Shadowen, Mr. Shanmugam, Mr. Jonathon Shapiro, Mr. Thomas Shapiro, Mr. Simons,
Mr. Sobol, Mr. Sorensen, Ms. Su, Ms. Tamoshunas, Mr. Thule, Ms. Walker, Mr. Wallace & Mr.
Wexler.




                                                 -3-
