[Cite as Crawford v. Tivener, 2016-Ohio-6982.]


                                       COURT OF APPEALS
                                      KNOX COUNTY, OHIO
                                   FIFTH APPELLATE DISTRICT

CAROLYN CRAWFORD                                    JUDGES:
                                                    Hon. Sheila G. Farmer, P.J.
        Plaintiff-Appellant                         Hon. William B. Hoffman, J.
                                                    Hon. Patricia A. Delaney, J.
-vs-
                                                    Case No. 15CA22
WILLIAM TIVENER, ET AL.

        Defendants-Appellees                        OPINION




CHARACTER OF PROCEEDING:                         Appeal from the Mount Vernon Municipal
                                                 Court, Case No. 15CVH0061


JUDGMENT:                                        Affirmed in part, Reversed in part,
                                                 Vacated in part, and Remanded

DATE OF JUDGMENT ENTRY:                          September 22, 2016

APPEARANCES:

For Defendants-Appellees                         For Plaintiff-Appellant

ZACHARY DIMARCCO                                 PHILLIP D. LEHMKUHL
Critchfield, Critchfield & Johnson Ltd.          101 North Mulbwerry St.
10 S. Gay St., P.O. Box 469                      Mount Vernon, Ohio 43050
Mount Vernon, Ohio 43050
Knox County, Case No. 15CA22                                                              2

Hoffman, J.


       {¶1}   Plaintiff-appellant Carolyn Crawford appeals the October 5, 2015 and

October 30, 2015 Journal Entries entered by the Mount Vernon Municipal Court, Civil

Division, which awarded damages and attorney fees to defendants-appellees William

Tivener, et al. on their counterclaim.

                           STATEMENT OF THE CASE AND FACTS

       {¶2}   On January 2, 2015, Appellant filed a Small Claims Complaint against

Appellees in the Mount Vernon Municipal Court, seeking unpaid rent and damages. Upon

Appellees’ motion, the trial court transferred the matter to the Civil Division of the Court

on January 28, 2015. Appellees filed an answer and counterclaim. In their counterclaim,

Appellees asserted claims of wrongful eviction; violation of R.C. 5321.16(B), which

governs the procedure for security deposit; trespass; trespass to chattels; conversion;

and invasion of privacy. Appellees sought damages and attorney fees. Appellant filed an

answer to the counterclaim as well as an amended complaint.

       {¶3}   Appellant filed a motion for partial summary judgment on Count II of

Appellees’ counterclaim, the violation of R.C. 5321.16(B), and a motion for judgment on

the pleadings as to Count IV of the counterclaim, trespass to chattels.          Appellees

voluntarily dismissed Count II of their counterclaim. The trial court overruled Appellant’s

motion for judgment on the pleadings.

       {¶4}   The matter came on for bench trial on August 19, 2015. The following

evidence was adduced at trial.

       {¶5}   Appellant is the owner of a number of rental properties, including a

residential property located at 1104 West Chestnut Street, Mount Vernon, Ohio (“the
Knox County, Case No. 15CA22                                                               3


Premises”). On April 7, 2014, Appellees entered into a rental agreement with Appellant

to lease the Premises, for a period of one year, commencing on May 1, 2014. Rent was

due on or before the first of each month. After the fifth of the month, a daily late fee was

assessed.

       {¶6}   Appellees paid the September, 2014 rent on September 21, 2014.

Thereafter, Appellees failed to pay the rent for the months of October, November, and

December, 2014. Appellant contacted Appellee William Tivener in early November, 2014,

on the cell phone number he had given her, which was actually the phone number for his

employer, United Pre-Cast. When she asked him about his plans to bring the rent current,

Appellee William Tivener was “non-committal”. On November 24, 2014, Appellant mailed

a letter to Appellees requesting they contact her to discuss plans to bring the rent current.

She did not receive a response.         Appellee William Tivener testified he contacted

Appellant after receiving the November 24, 2014 correspondence and informed her he

would pay the past due rent, but did not know where he would get the money to do so.

       {¶7}   On or about December 15, 2014, Appellant called Appellee William Tivener

at the United Pre-Cast number at which she had previously contacted him. The individual

who answered the phone informed Appellant Appellee William Tivener was no longer

employed with the company, and reluctantly provided Appellant with a cell phone number.

When Appellant called the cell phone, Appellee William Tivener answered, but would not

speak to her. Appellant acknowledged she never initiated legal eviction proceedings

against Appellees.

       {¶8}   Appellee William Tivener recalled he returned to the Premises one evening

in December, 2014, following Christmas dinner at his grandmother’s house, and found
Knox County, Case No. 15CA22                                                            4


the locks had been changed. He believed this occurred on December 23, 2014, but was

“not a hundred percent sure on the dates”. Tr. at 60. Appellee accessed the Premises

through a basement window and began to remove his belongings. He explained, at that

time, the majority of his property was still inside the Premises, and he moved most of the

property out on that day. During his cross-examination, Appellee William Tivener stated

he moved most of his belonging out on December 26, 2014. Tr. at 67. Appellee testified

he was locked out of the Premises from December 26, 2014, to December 31, 2014. Tr.

at 64. He was shocked and angry when he found the locks had been changed.

      {¶9}   Appellant testified, on December 26, 2014, she learned Appellees were no

longer living at the Premises and sent Trent Gullett, the property manager and

maintenance man for her properties, to investigate. Gullett found the front door of the

Premises standing open and the hardware on the door, including the lock, removed.

Gullett also found the lock on the back door had been damaged. The temperature on

that day was well below zero with the wind chill, and the heat had been shut off. Gullett

announced his presence, but did not receive any response. Gullett’s wife made a video

of the interior of the Premises on her cell phone, which shows the house dirty and in a

state of disrepair. Every room was filled with clutter, however, there was no clothing,

personal items, or food in the house. The only furniture left in the Premises was a broken

dresser, an end table, and a couple of mattresses, but there was no bedding.

      {¶10} Appellant instructed Gullett to wait a day or two to see if anyone returned to

the Premises. When Gullett returned, he found an opened basement window through

which someone had entered the Premises. He purchased new locks and other items with
Knox County, Case No. 15CA22                                                            5


which to secure the Premises on December 29, 2014. Gullett replaced the hardware and

lock on the front door as well as the damaged lock on the back door.

      {¶11} After finding the Premises had been secured, Appellee William Tivener

contacted Appellant to inquire about retrieving his possession. Appellant advised him to

contact Gullett. During the conversation, Appellee William Tivener informed Appellant he

and his family no longer wanted to occupy the Premises and indicated they were living

elsewhere.   Appellee William Tivener arranged to meet Gullet at the Premises on

December 31, 2014, at which time Appellee William Tivener removed some, but not all,

of the property remaining at the Premises. Gullett advised him anything left would be

considered trash and placed in a dumpster.

      {¶12} Brandy Calkins testified Appellee William Tivener’s mother was married to

her father for twenty years.     Appellee William Tivener’s mother passed away on

September 26, 2014. Months later, on December 5, 2014, Calkin’s father passed away.

At the time of her father’s death, Calkins had been residing at his home at 57 Columbus

Road, Mount Vernon, Ohio.       Calkins returned to the Columbus Road residence on

December 5, 2014, and found Appellees and their children had moved in. Appellees

informed Calkins they had been evicted. During the month of December, Appellees’

children were taken to and returned from school at the Columbus Road residence. Calkins

noted sometime before Christmas, 2014, she assisted Appellees in moving some of their

clothing and personal items from the Premises to the Columbus Road residence.

      {¶13} At the conclusion of the evidence, the trial court ordered the parties to file

their individual itemizations of damages along with a brief summary of the evidence which

supported their respective positions.
Knox County, Case No. 15CA22                                                              6


       {¶14} Via Journal Entry filed October 5, 2015, the trial court granted judgment in

favor of Appellant and against Appellees in the amount of $3,905.73 for unpaid rent, late

fees, and labor and materials for repairs less Appellees’ security deposit. The trial court

granted judgment in favor of Appellees on their counterclaim as follows: $0.00 for missing

items of personal property and $0.00 for lost food on their wrongful eviction claim; $100.00

for nominal damages and $0.00 for punitive damages on their trespass claim; $93.54,

representing four days of rent for the period Appellees were locked out of the Premises,

on their trespass to chattels claim; $0.00 for missing items of personal property and $0.00

for punitive damages on their conversion claim; and $100.00 for nominal damages and

$0.00 for punitive damages on their invasion of privacy claim. The trial court awarded

attorney fees to Appellees and scheduled the matter for an evidentiary hearing on

October 30, 2015, to determine the amount of attorney fees to be awarded.

       {¶15} Attorney Zachary DeMarco of Critchfield, Critchfield & Johnston, Ltd.

represented Appellees in this matter and testified on their behalf at the evidentiary

hearing. Attorney DeMarco explained the charges on an account statement, explaining

the invoice covered the period from Appellees’ initial consultation with Critchfield,

Critchfield & Johnston on January 7, 2015, regarding in the Small Claims Complaint filed

against them, through August 19, 2015, the date of the trial. Attorney DeMarco stated he

and an associate spent 97 hours on the case. The attorney added his time was billed at

an hourly rate of $125.00, but noted the bill was discounted to an effective rate of

$60.00/hour.

       {¶16} Via Journal Entry filed October 30, 2015, the trial court awarded attorney

fees to Appellees and against Appellant in the amount of $5,851.21.
Knox County, Case No. 15CA22                                                            7


       {¶17} It is from the October 5, 2015, and October 30, 2015 Journal Entries

Appellant appeals, raising the following as error:

       {¶18} “I. THE TRIAL COURT ERRED WHEN IT AWARDED DEFENDANTS

$93.54 REPRESENTING 4 DAYS OF RENT FOR THE PERIOD THE DEFENDANTS

WERE LOCKED OUT OF THE PREMISES.

       {¶19} “II. THE TRIAL COURT ERRED BY AWARDING DEFENDANTS $100 ON

THE TRESPASS CLAIM OF THEIR COUNTERCLAIM.

       {¶20} “III. THE TRIAL COURT ERRED BY AWARDING DEFENDANTS THE

SUM OF $100 AS NOMINAL DAMAGES FOR INVASION OF PRIVACY.

       {¶21} “IV. THE TRIAL COURT ERRED BY FINDING THAT PLAINTIFF HAD

WRONGFULLY EVICTED DEFENDANTS.

       {¶22} “V. THE TRIAL COURT ERRED BY AWARDING EXCESS ATTORNEY

FEES OF $5,821.21 [SIC].”

                                                I

       {¶23} In her first assignment of error, Appellant contends the trial court erred in

awarding Appellees $93.53, which represented four days of rent for the period during

which Appellees were locked out of the Premises.

       {¶24} In the fourth count of their counterclaim, Appellees asserted a claim of

trespass to chattels. Therein, Appellees alleged they were dispossessed of their personal

possessions located within the Premises for at least seven days, and sought damages in

the amount of $169.16, representing seven days of rent.
Knox County, Case No. 15CA22                                                               8


       {¶25} “A trespass to chattel occurs when one intentionally dispossesses another

of their personal property.” Conley v. Caudill, 4th Dist. Pike No. 02CA697, 2003-Ohio-

2854, ¶ 7, citing 75 American Jurisprudence 2d (1991), Trespass, Section 17, at 23.

       {¶26} Section 217 of the Restatement 2d, Torts, states a trespass to a chattel may

be committed by intentionally:

               (a) dispossessing another of the chattel, or

               (b) using or intermeddling with a chattel in the possession of another.

       1 Restatement of the Law 2d, Torts, Section 217 (1979).

       {¶27} According to Section 218 of the Restatement 2d, Torts, a trespasser to

chattel is liable “if, but only if,” one of the following occurs:

               (a) he dispossesses the other of the chattel, or

               (b) the chattel is impaired as to its condition, quality, or value, or

               (c) the possessor is deprived of the use of the chattel for a substantial

       time, or

               (d) bodily harm is caused to the possessor, or harm is caused to

       some person or thing in which the possessor has a legally protected

       interest.

       1 Restatement of the Law 2d, Torts, Section 218 (1979).

       {¶28} Section 221 defines the various ways in which one may dispossess another

of a chattel and provides a dispossession may be committed by intentionally:

               (a) taking a chattel from the possession of another without the other's

       consent, or
Knox County, Case No. 15CA22                                                                9


              (b) obtaining possession of a chattel from another by fraud or duress,

       or

              (c) barring the possessor's access to a chattel, or

              (d) destroying a chattel while it is in another's possession, or

              (e) taking the chattel into the custody of the law.

       1 Restatement of the Law 2d, Torts, Section 221 (1979).

       {¶29} In the instant action, the trial court’s finding Appellant liable to Appellees on

their claim of trespass to chattels was apparently based upon a determination Appellant

intentionally dispossessed Appellees of their chattels by barring Appellees access to

them. We find Appellees’ inability to access the property was created by the need to

secure the premises after having been vacated by Appellees. The door to the premises

was found open and the locks removed or damaged. We do not find such action by

Appellant equates to barring Appellees access to their chattels. Appellees did not present

any evidence the condition, quality, or value of the property was impaired as a result of

the dispossession. The personal property which remained in the Premises was left

behind when Appellees vacated the Premises in early December, 2014. When Appellee

William Tivener returned to the Premises on December 31, 2014, Gullett advised him any

items not removed would be considered trash and be disposed of accordingly. Appellee

William Tivener only retrieved a portion of the property. Gullett subsequently removed

38 bags of trash left in the Premises by Appellees. Appellant did not deprive Appellees

of the chattels for a substantial time.

       {¶30} “[A]n award of nominal damages in the absence of proof of actual damages

may be made in an action for trespass to chattels when there has been a dispossession.”
Knox County, Case No. 15CA22                                                            10

Mercer v. Halmbacher, 9th Dist. App. No. 27799, 2015-Ohio-4167, citing 1 Restatement

of the Law 2d, Torts, Section 218, comment d (1965) (“Where the trespass to the chattel

is a dispossession, the action will lie although there has been no impairment of the

condition, quality, or value of the chattel, and no other harm to any interest of the

possessor. He may recover at least nominal damages for the loss of possession, even

though it is of brief duration and he is not deprived of the use of the chattel for any

substantial length of time.”).

         {¶31} We find there was insufficient evidence to establish a claim of trespass to

chattels. When Appellee William Tivener returned to the Premises and found the locks

had been changed, he contacted Gullett who immediately arranged to meet Appellees in

order for them to remove their remaining property.         Appellees did not present any

evidence the condition, quality, or value of their property was impaired. Appellee William

Tivener only removed a portion of the property which remained in the Premises, knowing

anything he did not remove would be discarded. Furthermore, Appellees were not

deprived of the use of their property for a substantial time.

         {¶32} Based upon the foregoing, we find the trial court erred in granting judgment

for Appellees on their trespass to chattels claim.

         {¶33} Appellant’s first assignment of error is sustained.

                                                  II

         {¶34} In her second assignment of error, Appellant maintains the trial court erred

in awarding Appellees $100 in damages on the trespass claim of their counterclaim. We

agree.
Knox County, Case No. 15CA22                                                               11


       {¶35} In the third count of their counterclaim, Appellees asserted a claim of

trespass and sought nominal damages in the amount of $50, as well as punitive damages

in the amount of $250. The trial court awarded Appellees $100 in nominal damages on

the trespass claim, and $0.00 in punitive damages.

       {¶36} “A common law tort in trespass upon real property occurs when a person,

without authority or privilege, physically invades or unlawfully enters the private premises

of another whereby damages directly ensue.” Apel v. Katz, 83 Ohio St.3d. 11, 19, 1998-

Ohio-420 (Citation omitted).

       {¶37} R.C. 2901.01(L) defines the term “privilege” as “an immunity, license, or

right conferred by law, or bestowed by express or implied grant, or arising out of status,

position, office, or relationship, or growing out of necessity.” “The existence of a privilege

in a given case is necessarily dependent upon the particular facts and circumstances of

that case.” Cleveland v. Dickerson, 8th Dist. Cuyahoga Nos. 101782, 101783, 2016 -

Ohio- 806, citing Dayton v. Moore (Mar. 25, 1993), 2d Dist. Montgomery No. 13369, 1993

WL 81966, *3.

       {¶38} Upon learning Appellees were no longer living at the Premises, Appellant

sent Trent Gullett, the property manager and maintenance man for her properties, to

investigate. Gullett found the front door of the Premises standing open and the hardware

on the door, including the lock, removed. Gullett also found the lock on the back door

had been damaged. The temperature on that day was well below zero with the wind chill

and the heat had been shut off. The condition of the Premises led Gullett to believe

Appellees had abandoned the Premises. As such, Gullett secured the Premises.
Knox County, Case No. 15CA22                                                                   12


       {¶39} Based upon the circumstances, we find Gullett had a privilege to enter the

Premises which arose out of necessity. We find the trial court erred in granting judgment

in favor of Appellees on their trespass claim. Accordingly, we vacate the trial court’s

judgment and award of damages.

       {¶40} Appellant’s second assignment of error is sustained.

                                                   III

       {¶41} In her third assignment of error, Appellant submits the trial court erred in

awarding Appellees $100 in nominal damages on their invasion of privacy claim.

Specifically, Appellant argues the trial court made inconsistent findings.

       {¶42} In order to establish a claim for invasion of privacy, a plaintiff must show:

(1) intrusion upon the plaintiff's seclusion or solitude, or into his or her private affairs; (2)

public disclosure of embarrassing private facts about the plaintiff; (3) publicity which

places the plaintiff in a false light in the public eye; or (4) appropriation, for the defendant's

advantage, of the plaintiff's name or likeness. Smith v. Pierce Twp., 12th Dist. Clermont

No. CA2013–10–079, 2014-Ohio-3291, ¶ 44.

       {¶43} “One who intentionally intrudes, physically or otherwise, upon the solitude

or seclusion of another or his private affairs or concerns, is subject to liability to the other

for invasion of his privacy, if the intrusion would be highly offensive to a reasonable

person. Sustin v. Fee, 69 Ohio St.2d 143, 145, 431 N.E.2d 992 (1982). The intrusion must

be into a plaintiff's private affairs and the plaintiff must have a “reasonable expectation of

privacy” in the area allegedly intruded. Turner v. Shahed Ents., 10th Dist. Franklin No.

10AP–892, 2011-Ohio-4654, ¶ 21.
Knox County, Case No. 15CA22                                                              13


       {¶44} The intrusion must be wrongful, as well as done in a manner as to outrage

or cause mental suffering, shame or humiliation to a person of ordinary sensibilities. Roe

ex rel. Roe v. Heap, 10th Dist. Franklin No. 03AP–586, 2004-Ohio-2504, ¶ 82. “ ‘Wrongful’

does not require that the intrusion itself be wrongful in the sense that there is no right to

make any intrusion. Rather, ‘wrongful’ may relate to the manner of the making of the

intrusion * * *.” Id., quoting Strutner v. Dispatch Printing Co., 2 Ohio App.3d 377, 378–379

(10th Dist.1982).

       {¶45} In its October 5, 2015 Journal Entry, the trial court noted:

              A landlord’s invasion of a tenant’s privacy may result in a Court

       awarding damages. An injured party may recover for an invasion of privacy

       if the tenant can prove a wrongful intrusion into his or her private activities

       which would cause outrage, mental suffering, shame or humiliation to a

       person of ordinary sensibilities. Id. at 4.



       {¶46} The trial court found Appellee William Tivener was “shocked and angry”

over the lockout, and Appellee Catherine Tivener “cried over” it and was remorseful about

their inability to pay the rent, but concluded, “[t]he Court cannot say the evidence

established that the lockout would cause outrage, mental suffering, shame, or humiliation

to a person of ordinary sensibilities.” Id. at 5. Nonetheless, despite this conclusion, the

trial court awarded Appellees $100 as nominal damages. We find the trial court erred in

awarding damages for invasion of privacy when it specifically found Appellees did not

establish a claim for such.

       {¶47} Appellant’s third assignment of error is sustained.
Knox County, Case No. 15CA22                                                             14


                                                VI

       {¶48} In her fourth assignment of error, Appellant argues the trial court erred in

finding she had wrongfully evicted Appellees.

       {¶49} In the first count of their counterclaim, Appellees raised a claim for wrongful

eviction.   Therein, Appellees alleged, [o]n or about December 23, 2014, [Appellant]

wrongfully excluded [Appellants] from the Premises by changing the locks and locking

[Appellees] out of the Premises, in violation of R.C. 5321.15(A). Appellees claimed they

suffered damages in the amount of $100, and were entitled sought attorney fees pursuant

to R.C. 5321.15(C). In their Post-Trial Damages Brief, Appellees sought $800 for loss of

personal property, $100 for loss of food, and $5,862.50 for attorney fees as a result of the

wrongful eviction.

       {¶50} R.C. 5321.15(A) provides:

              (A) No landlord of residential premises shall initiate any act, including

       termination of utilities or services, exclusion from the premises, or threat of any

       unlawful act, against a tenant, or a tenant whose right to possession has

       terminated, for the purpose of recovering possession of residential premises, other

       than as provided in Chapters 1923., 5303., and 5321. of the Revised Code.



       {¶51} In its October 5, 2015 Journal Entry under the subsection “Trespass to

Chattels”, the trial court noted, “Because the Court believes [Appellees] were wrongfully

evicted from the Premises, judgment for four days rent should be granted to [Appellees].”

Id. at 4 (Emphasis added). However, under the “Wrongful Eviction and Conversion”

subsection, the trial court does not address the wrongful eviction claim.            In the
Knox County, Case No. 15CA22                                                            15


“Conclusion” section of it judgment entry, the trial court granted judgment in favor of

[Appellees] on their counterclaim as follows: “1. Wrongful Eviction: $0.00 for missing

items of personal property; $0.00 for lost food; * * * 3. Trespass to Chattels: $93.54

representing four days of rent for the period [Appellees] were locked out of the Premises”.

Id. at 6.

        {¶52} We find the trial court could properly award Appellees’ damages for the days

Appellees were locked out under their wrongful eviction claim despite this award being

listed in the “Trespass to Chattels” section. However, we disagree with the amount of the

trial court’s award.

        {¶53} In its October 5, 2015 Journal Entry, the trial court awarded Appellees

$93.54, representing four days of rent for the period during which Appellees were locked

out of the Premises. The trial court did not make a finding as to what dates were

encompassed in that four day period. We find the evidence presented does not support

the trial court’s finding Appellees were locked out of the Premises for four days.

        {¶54} Appellant instructed Gullett to go to the Premises on December 26, 2014,

to investigate the situation. Gullett found the front door open; the locks and doorknob

removed. Gullett also found the lock on the back door had been damaged. Gullett

secured the doors using metal strapping. Over the next few days, Gullett checked the

Premises. During one visit, he discovered someone had entered the home through a

basement window. On December 29, 2014, Gullett purchased and installed new locks.

Sometime thereafter, Appellee William Tivener contacted Gullett to arrange a time for him

to be let into the Premises to remove the rest of Appellees’ personal property. Gullett and

Appellee met on December 31, 2014.
Knox County, Case No. 15CA22                                                              16


        {¶55} Based upon the record, we find the trial court did not err in finding Appellant

wrongfully evicted Appellees from the Premises. However, because we find Appellant

excluded Appellees from the Premises for only two days, we vacate the trial court’s award

of $93.54, and enter final judgment in the amount of $46.77, representing two days of

rent.

        {¶56} Appellant’s fourth assignment of error is sustained in part and overruled in

part.

                                                 V

        {¶57} In her fifth assignment of error, Appellant asserts the trial court erred in

awarding excessive attorney fees to Appellees. We agree.

        {¶58} Pursuant to R.C. 5321.15(C), “A landlord who violates [R.C. 5321.15(A)] is

liable in a civil action for all damages caused to a tenant, or to a tenant whose right to

possession has terminated, together with reasonable attorney fees.” A tenant's

entitlement to an award of attorney fees, pursuant to R.C. 5321.04(B) and/or R.C.

5321.15(C), is within the discretion of the trial court. See Meacham v. Miller (1992), 79

Ohio App.3d 35, 42, 606 N.E.2d 996; Thomas v. Papadelis (1984), 16 Ohio App.3d 359,

476 N.E.2d 726, paragraph two of the syllabus. See, also, Lewis v. Romans (1980), 70

Ohio App.2d 7, 433 N.E.2d 622, paragraph one of the syllabus. Such an award must be

predicated on a determination of the reasonable value of services rendered, in light of the

relevant provisions in DR2-106(B). Meacham v. Miller, at 42, 606 N.E.2d 996.

        {¶59} We have examined the transcript of the hearing on attorney fees and the

invoice itemizing the services provided by Appellees' trial counsel and the charges

associated thereto, and find the trial court erred in awarding Appellees $5,851.21, in
Knox County, Case No. 15CA22                                                         17


attorney fees.    The $5,851.21 figure includes not only Attorney DeMarco’s fees for

pursuing Appellees’ counterclaim, but also for defending Appellant’s complaint. We find

Appellees are not entitled to the fees for defending Appellant’s complaint under R.C.

5321.15(C). Accordingly, we vacate the award of attorney fees and remand the matter

to the trial court to determine the amount of fees associated with Attorney DeMarco’s

pursuit of Appellees’ counterclaim only.

      {¶60} Appellant’s fifth assignment of error is sustained.

      {¶61} The judgment of the Mount Vernon Municipal Court is affirmed in part,

reversed in part, vacated in part and remanded for further proceeding in accordance with

this Opinion and the law.

By: Hoffman, J.

Farmer, P.J. and

Delaney, J. concur
