                         COURT OF APPEALS
                          SECOND DISTRICT OF TEXAS
                               FORT WORTH

                               NO. 2-09-447-CV


IN RE CINDY LYNN RHODES                                                RELATOR

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                            ORIGINAL PROCEEDING

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              MEMORANDUM OPINION 1 AND JUDGMENT

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        The court has considered Relator Cindy Lynn Rhodes’s petition for writ

of mandamus, Real Party in Interest Douglas Rhodes’s response, and Cindy’s

reply. Both parties agree—although for different reasons—that the trial court’s

December 11, 2009 “Order On Motion For Clarification Of Prior Order For

Possession Or Access is void.” 2

        This original proceeding arises out of the parties’ divorce.   The final


   1
        See Tex. R. App. P. 47.4.
   2
      Cindy contends that the December 11 clarification order is void because
it exceeds the parameters of a clarification order as set forth in Texas Family
Code section 157.423. See Tex. Fam. Code Ann. § 157.423 (Vernon 2008).
Douglas contends that the December 11 clarification order is void because the
February 10, 2009 “Order In Suit To Modify Parent Child Relationship” was
void. The only issue before this court in this original proceeding filed by Cindy
as Relator is whether the trial court’s December 11 clarification order exceeds
the scope of Texas Family Code section 157.423.
divorce decree gave Cindy the exclusive right to designate the primary

residence of the couple’s four children within Tarrant County, Texas.

Approximately four months after the final decree was signed, Cindy filed a

petition to modify, asking the court to grant her the exclusive right to designate

the temporary primary residence of the children in and around the area in which

she is assigned while mobilized as part of the United States Navy. Douglas filed

a counterpetition seeking to be designated as the person with the right to

designate the primary residence of the children. The trial court thereafter heard

the parties’ motions and signed an order granting Cindy’s request.             The

requested modification stated, “The domicile restriction is lifted, but only to the

extent necessary to allow Cindy Lynn Rhodes to comply with her U.S. Navy

Reserve Orders until she is eligible to retire from military service.”

      Approximately nine months later, Cindy moved to Virginia to comply with

U.S. Navy Reserve Orders, and Douglas filed a motion for clarification of the

prior order.   Ultimately, the trial court signed a clarification order.       The

clarification order states, “Cindy Lynn Rhodes shall not remove the domicile of

the children from Tarrant County, Texas unless she is required to move in order

to comply with mandatory orders from the military.” It was further ordered that

Cindy comply with the terms of the new order by 12:00 p.m. on December 28,



                                        2
2009.

      Before that time expired, Cindy filed a petition for writ of mandamus,

along with an emergency motion for temporary relief. We granted the motion

for temporary relief, stayed the proceedings below pending our review of the

petition for writ of mandamus, and requested a response from Douglas, which

he has filed.

      The Texas Family Code specifically provides that “[a] court may clarify an

order rendered by the court in a proceeding under this title if the court finds, on

the motion of a party or on the court’s own motion, that the order is not

specific enough to be enforced by contempt.”         See Tex. Fam. Code Ann.

§ 157.421 (Vernon 2008). However, the family code also prohibits a court

from substantively changing the provisions of an earlier order with a clarifying

order. Id. § 157.423. A substantive change made through a clarification order

is unenforceable. Id.

      A clarification order is analogous to a judgment nunc pro tunc in that it

cannot substantively change a final order, it can only correct a clerical error.

In re Marriage of Ward, 137 S.W.3d 910, 913 (Tex. App.—Texarkana 2004,

no pet.); In re Dryden, 52 S.W.3d 257, 263 (Tex. App.—Corpus Christi 2001,

orig. proceeding). To be clerical in nature, the error must be one that is not the



                                        3
result of judicial reasoning, evidence, or determination.      In re V.M.P., 185

S.W.3d 531, 534 (Tex. App.—Texarkana 2006, no pet.); Ward, 137 S.W.3d

at 913. Correction of a clerical error does not effect a substantive change in

the court’s order. V.M.P., 185 S.W.3d at 534; Ward, 137 S.W.3d at 913. An

error that results from judicial reasoning or judicial determination, however, is

not a clerical error. V.M.P., 185 S.W.3d at 534; Ward, 137 S.W.3d at 913.

      The proponent of a clarification motion bears a heavy burden in trying to

establish that the error involved is clerical in nature. Ward, 137 S.W.3d at 914.

The proponent must provide clear and convincing evidence that the error is

clerical in nature and thus one for which a clarification order may be entered.

Id. at 914–15.

      Here, Douglas, as the proponent of the clarification, does not contend

that the clarification was merely clerical; instead, he focuses his arguments on

the alleged voidness of the initial modification order.

      The clarification order here does not correct a clerical error in the

modification order but instead makes a substantive change. The modification

order provides that the “domicile restriction is lifted,” followed by “to the extent

necessary to allow Cindy Lynn Rhodes to comply with her U.S. Navy Reserve

Orders.” The clarification order, on the other hand, provides that “Cindy Lynn



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Rhodes shall not remove the domicile of the children from Tarrant County,

Texas unless she is required to move in order to comply with mandatory orders

from the military.” Thus, the modification order lifted the domicile restriction

to permit Rhodes to comply with military orders (whether mandatory or not)

while the clarification order prohibited a change in domicile of the children but

for mandatory military orders.     Additionally, the clarification order required

Cindy to comply with the terms of this “new order” by 12:00 p.m. on

December 28, indicating the “new order” contained a substantive change that

Cindy was required to comply with. Because the clarification order makes a

substantive change to the modification order, it is unenforceable. See Tex.

Fam. Code Ann. § 157.423; Dryden, 52 S.W.3d at 263. Accordingly, we grant

Relator’s petition for writ of mandamus, we order the trial court to set aside its

December 11 clarification order, and we dissolve the December 17, 2009 stay

issued by this court. 3 The writ will issue only if the trial court fails to comply.

       Douglas shall pay all costs of this original proceeding, for which let

execution issue.

                                                   PER CURIAM


PANEL: WALKER, MCCOY, and MEIER, JJ.

DELIVERED: January 11, 2010



   3
     Based on our disposition, Cindy’s January 7, 2010 “Emergency Motion
For Temporary Relief” is denied as moot.

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