[Cite as Komnenic v. Ohio Dept. of Transp., 2015-Ohio-4939.]




                              IN THE COURT OF CLAIMS OF OHIO



THOMAS KOMNENIC

        Plaintiff

        v.

OHIO DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION

        Defendant

Case No. 2015-00325-AD

Clerk Mark H. Reed

MEMORANDUM DECISION

        {¶1} Plaintiff Thomas Komnenic filed this claim on April 8, 2015 to recover
damages which occurred on March 2 and March 11, 2015 when his 2015 Subaru
Forester was struck on the windshield by loose debris/rocks on two separate instances,
while traveling on I-77 South in Cuyahoga County, Ohio. This road is a public road
maintained by the Ohio Department of Transportation.                Plaintiff’s vehicle sustained
damages in the amount of $504.54.                 Plaintiff maintains an insurance deductible of
$500.00.
        {¶2} In order to recover on a claim for roadway damages against the Ohio
Department of Transportation, Ohio law requires that a motorist/plaintiff prove all of the
following:
        {¶3} That the plaintiff’s motor vehicle received damages as a result of coming
into contact with a dangerous condition on a road maintained by the defendant.
        {¶4} That the defendant knew or should have known about the dangerous road
condition.
        {¶5} That the defendant, armed with this knowledge, failed to repair or remedy
the dangerous condition in a reasonable time.
        {¶6} In this claim, the Court finds that the plaintiff did prove that his vehicle
received damages and that those damages occurred as a result of the plaintiff’s vehicle
coming into contact with a dangerous condition on a road maintained by the defendant.
       {¶7} The next element that a plaintiff must prove to succeed on a claim such as
this is to show that the defendant knew or should have known about this dangerous
condition.
       {¶8} Based on the evidence presented, the Court is unable to find that the
defendant had actual knowledge of the dangerous condition. Likewise, the Court is
unable to find that the defendant should have known about this dangerous condition
and thus would have had constructive notice about the highway danger. Constructive
notice is defined as “(n)otice arising from the presumption of law from the existence of
facts and circumstances that a party has a duty to take notice of…Notice presumed by
law to have been acquired by a person and thus imputed to that person.” (Black’s Law
Dictionary at 1090 8th Ed. 2004.)
       {¶9} In order for there to be constructive notice a plaintiff must prove that
sufficient time has passed after the dangerous condition first appears, so that under the
circumstances the defendant should have gained knowledge of its existence. This the
plaintiff has been unable to do.
       {¶10} In the Investigation Report filed June 11, 2015, the defendant stated that
the location of the incidents were on IR 77 southbound in Cuyahoga County, between
mile markers 150.0 and 153.2. This section of the roadway has an average daily traffic
count of between 86,040 and 107,880 vehicles.        Despite this volume of traffic, the
department had received no notice of any loose debris/rocks on this road thus the Court
is unable to find that the department had actual notice about this road debris. Within the
past six months, the department had also conducted two hundred fifty-eight (258)
maintenance operations on IR 77 in Cuyahoga County without discovering any loose
rocks/debris.   If road debris had existed for any appreciable length of time on the
roadway, it is probable that it would likely have been discovered by the department’s
work crews. Thus, the Court cannot find that the department should have known about
this road debris. It is thus likely that these rocks had only recently traveled into the
roadway and that ODOT had not been notified regarding this hazard.
Case No. 2015-00325-AD                      -3-                MEMORANDUM DECISION

       {¶11} Finally, it must be pointed out that under Ohio law, the burden of proof in
civil claims like this one rests on the plaintiff. The plaintiff, to succeed on the claim,
must prove that ODOT either knew or reasonably should have known about the road
debris. Admittedly, this places a difficult task on a plaintiff in a road debris claim against
ODOT. However, this is the law that is binding on this Court at the present time.
       {¶12} Finally, the law in Ohio is that the department is not an absolute insurer of
a motorist’s safety on the highway. The department is only liable for damage when the
Court finds that it was negligent. This the Court is unable to do.
       {¶13} Since the plaintiff is unable to prove that the defendant knew or should
have known about this dangerous condition, the claim must fail.



                          IN THE COURT OF CLAIMS OF OHIO



THOMAS KOMNENIC

       Plaintiff

       v.

OHIO DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION

      Defendant

Case No. 2015-00325-AD

Clerk Mark H. Reed

ENTRY OF ADMINISTRATIVE DETERMINATION
       Having considered all the evidence in the claim file, and for the reasons set forth
in the memorandum decision filed concurrently herewith, judgment is rendered in favor
of defendant. Court costs are assessed against plaintiff.
                                 ________________________________
                                 MARK H. REED
                                 Clerk

Entry cc:

Thomas Komnenic                  Jerry Wray, Director
9110 Memphis Avenue              Ohio Department of Transportation
Brooklyn, Ohio 44144             1980 West Broad Street
                                 Mail Stop 1500
                                 Columbus, Ohio 43223


Filed 9/2/15
Sent to S.C. Reporter 11/30/15
