                            ILLINOIS OFFICIAL REPORTS
                                           Appellate Court




                           Fiorito v. Bellocchio, 2013 IL App (1st) 121505




Appellate Court              MICHAEL FIORITO, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. JOSEPH BELLOCCHIO,
Caption                      Defendant-Appellee.


District & No.               First District, Fourth Division
                             Docket No. 1-12-1505


Rule 23 Order filed          June 28, 2013
Rule 23 Order
withdrawn                    October 21, 2013
Opinion filed                October 24, 2013


Held                         In a personal injury action arising from an October 19, 2001, automobile
(Note: This syllabus         accident, the trial court properly dismissed the third successive complaint
constitutes no part of       plaintiff filed, since plaintiff initially retained an attorney who filed an
the opinion of the court     action without plaintiff’s knowledge on August 25, 2003, then plaintiff
but has been prepared        discharged his first attorney and retained new counsel who filed a second
by the Reporter of           action on October 16, 2003, after being unable to determine whether an
Decisions for the            action had been filed against defendant, then, after learning of the action
convenience of the           filed by his first attorney, plaintiff voluntarily dismissed the second action
reader.)
                             and proceeded with the first action until May 18, 2010, when he
                             voluntarily dismissed that action and refiled an action against defendant
                             on May 16, 2011, and under the circumstances, plaintiff’s one-year
                             refiling period began running on March 24, 2004, when the second suit
                             was voluntarily dismissed, not May 16, 2011, when the first suit was
                             dismissed.


Decision Under               Appeal from the Circuit Court of Cook County, No. 11-L-5031; the Hon.
Review                       Kathy M. Flanagan, Judge, presiding.
Judgment                   Affirmed.


Counsel on                 Randall F. Peters, of Randall F. Peters & Associates, of Chicago, for
Appeal                     appellant.

                           Bruce Farrel Dorn & Associates, of Chicago (Ellen J. O’Rourke and
                           Jonathan C. Suttle, of counsel), for appellee.


Panel                      PRESIDING JUSTICE HOWSE delivered the judgment of the court,
                           with opinion.
                           Justices Palmer and Taylor concurred in the judgment and opinion.



                                             OPINION

¶1          This appeal arises from an order of the circuit court granting defendant Joseph
        Bellocchio’s motion to dismiss plaintiff Michael Fiorito’s personal injury action. On appeal,
        plaintiff contends that the trial court erred in granting defendant’s motion to dismiss on
        grounds that refiling was beyond the one-year right to refile provided by statute. For the
        following reasons, we affirm.

¶2                                         BACKGROUND
¶3          Plaintiff was involved in an automobile accident with defendant on October 19, 2001.
        Plaintiff retained attorney Olson to represent him. On or about August 25, 2003, attorney
        Olson filed a personal injury complaint, case No. 03 L 10225, against defendant seeking
        damages for injuries plaintiff sustained in the accident. However, plaintiff was not aware that
        attorney Olson filed the complaint. On or about September 19, 2003, plaintiff discharged
        attorney Olson. Plaintiff subsequently retained new counsel, attorney Peters, who
        unsuccessfully sought to determine whether attorney Olson had filed suit. Because he was
        unable to ascertain whether a suit had been filed and because under the statute of limitations
        the time to file the suit expired on October 19, 2003, attorney Peters filed suit for the same
        accident against defendant on October 16, 2003, as case number 03 L 12346. Plaintiff
        subsequently learned that a suit was filed by attorney Olson. On March 24, 2004, plaintiff
        voluntarily dismissed case number 03 L 12346, the second suit, pursuant to section 2-1009
        of the Illinois Code of Civil Procedure (Code) (735 ILCS 5/2-1009 (West 2004)), and
        proceeded with case number 03 L 10225, the first suit.
¶4          On May 18, 2010, plaintiff voluntarily dismissed case number 03 L 10225, the first suit.
        Plaintiff then refiled a complaint against defendant with respect to the same accident on May
        16, 2011. Defendant filed a motion to dismiss under section 2-619 of the Code (735 ILCS

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       5/2-619 (West 2010)) arguing that section 13-217 of the Code (735 ILCS 13-217 (West
       2010)) allowed for only one refiling of a case after voluntary dismissal. He further contended
       that the filing was untimely and violated section 13-217 because the one-year period of
       refiling began to run when plaintiff dismissed case number 03 L 12346 on March 24, 2004.
       In response, plaintiff argued that the second case was dismissed pursuant to section 2-
       619(a)(3) (735 ILCS 5/2-619(a)(3) (West 2004)) based on duplicative suits and that the
       second suit was a nullity from its inception.
¶5         The trial court disagreed with plaintiff’s characterization of the dismissal, finding that
       the order entered on March 24, 2004, dismissing the suit specifically stated that it was a
       voluntary dismissal pursuant to section 2-1009 of the Code (735 ILCS 5/2-1009 (West
       2004)). Accordingly, plaintiff’s one-year refiling limitations period under section 13-217
       began to run at that point. The court found that the May 16, 2011 refiling, while within one
       year of the May 18, 2010 dismissal of the first suit, was beyond the one-year period provided
       by section 13-217. The trial court cited to Rodgers-Orduno v. Cecil-Genter, 312 Ill. App. 3d
       1150 (2000), in support of its determination that defendant’s motion to dismiss should be
       granted.
¶6         Plaintiff then filed a motion to reconsider, arguing that the trial court misapplied the law.
       The trial court denied plaintiff’s motion to reconsider, finding that plaintiff’s arguments were
       the same as in the initial response to defendant’s motion and all were considered and
       reviewed. This timely appeal followed.

¶7                                           ANALYSIS
¶8         On appeal, plaintiff contends that the trial court erred in granting defendant’s motion to
       dismiss on grounds that refiling was beyond the one-year right provided by statute.
¶9         Defendant filed a motion to dismiss based on sections 2-619(a)(5) and 2-619(a)(9) of the
       Code (735 ILCS 5/2-619(a)(5), (a)(9) (West 2010)). Section 2-619(a)(5) of the Code
       authorizes a court to dismiss a complaint if the complaint was “not commenced within the
       time limited by law.” 735 ILCS 5/2-619(a)(5) (West 2010). A section 2-619(a)(9) motion to
       dismiss alleges the claim asserted against the defendant is “barred by other affirmative matter
       avoiding the legal effect of or defeating the claim.” 735 ILCS 5/2-619(a)(9) (West 2010). A
       section 2-619 motion admits the legal sufficiency of the plaintiff’s cause of action and all
       well-pleaded facts alleged in the complaint are taken as true, but conclusions of law or fact
       unsupported by specific factual allegations may be disregarded. Johnson v. Du Page Airport
       Authority, 268 Ill. App. 3d 409, 414 (1994). We review a section 2-619 motion to dismiss
       de novo. Lydon v. Eagle Food Centers, Inc., 297 Ill. App. 3d 90, 92 (1998).
¶ 10       The bases for defendant’s motion to dismiss were sections 2-1009 and 13-217 of the
       Code. Section 2-1009 gives a plaintiff the right to voluntarily dismiss an action, without
       prejudice, in whole or in part any time before trial or hearing begins. 735 ILCS 5/2-1009
       (West 2010); Hudson v. City of Chicago, 228 Ill. 2d 462, 483 (2008). Section 13-217
       provides a plaintiff with the right to refile the cause of action within one year of the date of
       the dismissal order, regardless of the fact that the statute of limitations may have run during
       that time. Mercantile Holdings, Inc. v. Feldman, 258 Ill. App. 3d 748, 751 (1994). Section

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       13-217 is termed a “savings statute” or “revival statute” because it “revives” a plaintiff’s
       previous, timely filed complaint, beyond the limitations period, where no adjudication on the
       merits has been obtained and the complaint has been dismissed for procedural reasons.
       Mercantile Holdings, 258 Ill. App. 3d at 751.
¶ 11       Plaintiff cites to Lydon in support of his contention that the trial court improperly
       dismissed his case. In Lydon, the plaintiff, who was injured in defendant’s supermarket, hired
       an attorney who filed suit in the circuit court of Lake County. The day prior, another attorney
       filed suit in the circuit court of Cook County, allegedly on plaintiff’s behalf. Lydon, 297 Ill.
       App. 3d at 92. Plaintiff averred that she did not know the Cook County attorney, had never
       spoken with him or retained him to represent her. Lydon, 297 Ill. App. 3d at 92. The Cook
       County attorney filed a motion to voluntarily dismiss the Cook County action, but never
       presented it to the court, and it was subsequently dismissed for want of prosecution. Lydon,
       297 Ill. App. 3d at 92. Approximately seven months later, plaintiff voluntarily dismissed the
       Lake County action. Lydon, 297 Ill. App. 3d at 92. Exactly one year later, plaintiff refiled the
       Lake County action, and defendant moved to dismiss arguing that section 13-217 allowed
       only one refiling and since this was plaintiff’s third filing of the same incident, her action
       was barred. Lydon, 297 Ill. App. 3d at 92. The trial court granted defendant’s motion and
       plaintiff appealed. Lydon, 297 Ill. App. 3d at 92.
¶ 12       This court reversed, finding that defendant failed to prove that plaintiff should have been
       held accountable for the Cook County filing. Lydon, 297 Ill. App. 3d at 93. The court also
       found that plaintiff did not ratify the filing of the Cook County action. Lydon, 297 Ill. App.
       3d at 96. The court deemed the filing of the Cook County action a nullity. Lydon, 297 Ill.
       App. 3d at 97.
¶ 13       Lydon is distinguishable from the facts in the instant case. Here, a complaint was filed
       without plaintiff’s knowledge on August 25, 2003. Plaintiff filed a second, identical case
       against the same defendant arising from the same incident on October 16, 2003. That case
       was admittedly filed with plaintiff’s authorization, but plaintiff voluntarily dismissed it
       pursuant to section 2-1009 (735 ILCS 5/2-1009 (West 2004)) on March 24, 2004. Although
       plaintiff argues here that the first case was filed without authority, unlike the plaintiff in
       Lydon, plaintiff adopted and ratified the unauthorized case filed by the first attorney–plaintiff
       prosecuted the case for over six years before he voluntarily dismissed it. Plaintiff then filed
       a third case against defendant on May 16, 2011. Plaintiff apparently argued at separate times
       that the two prior actions were void ab initio; however, that argument certainly has no merit
       with regard to the first action which he prosecuted for over six years before he voluntarily
       dismissed it. Nor can he argue that the second case was a nullity when he gave his attorney
       permission to file it.
¶ 14       While plaintiff technically only refiled the case once as the first two cases were pending
       simultaneously, the one-year period began to run from the first voluntary dismissal rather
       than from the second one. Rodgers-Orduno v. Cecil-Genter, 312 Ill. App. 3d 1150, 1153
       (2000). Thus, in the instant case, plaintiff’s one-year refiling period began to run on March
       24, 2004, and his May 16, 2011, refiling was well beyond the one-year limitations period of
       the initial voluntary dismissal. The trial court therefore did not err in granting defendant’s
       motion to dismiss.

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¶ 15                                 CONCLUSION
¶ 16   For the foregoing reasons, the judgment of the circuit court of Cook County is affirmed.

¶ 17   Affirmed.




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