                                                                        F I L E D
                                                                  United States Court of Appeals
                                                                          Tenth Circuit
                      UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
                                                                         April 6, 2006
                            FOR THE TENTH CIRCUIT                    Elisabeth A. Shumaker
                                                                         Clerk of Court


    AMANI IBRAHIM; MAGDY FAM,

              Plaintiffs-Appellants,

     v.                                                  No. 05-5114
                                               (D.C. No. 04-CV-159-TCK-SAJ)
    PENNSYLVANIA NATIONAL                                (N.D. Okla.)
    MUTUAL CASUALTY INSURANCE
    COMPANY, a foreign corporation,

              Defendant-Appellee.


                             ORDER AND JUDGMENT *


Before KELLY, BRISCOE, and LUCERO, Circuit Judges.


          Appellants Amani Ibrahim and Magdy Fam appeal from the district court’s

grant of summary judgment to appellee Pennsylvania National Mutual Casualty




*
       After examining the briefs and appellate record, this panel has determined
unanimously to grant the parties’ request for a decision on the briefs without oral
argument. See Fed. R. App. P. 34(f); 10th Cir. R. 34.1(G). The case is therefore
ordered submitted without oral argument. This order and judgment is not binding
precedent, except under the doctrines of law of the case, res judicata, and
collateral estoppel. The court generally disfavors the citation of orders and
judgments; nevertheless, an order and judgment may be cited under the terms and
conditions of 10th Cir. R. 36.3.
Insurance Company (Penn National) on their claims for bad faith and breach of

contract. We have jurisdiction under 28 U.S.C. § 1291, and we affirm.

      Appellants previously lived in North Carolina and bought an automobile

insurance policy from Penn National there. Appellants asserted that they were

involved in a three-vehicle accident on an icy highway in Oklahoma in December

2002. They alleged that they successfully swerved to avoid an out-of-control

vehicle, but they were then struck by a semi-truck and the out-of-control vehicle

fled the scene. Appellants filed a claim for uninsured motorist benefits for the

injuries allegedly caused by the hit-and-run vehicle. Penn National paid a $1000

med-pay benefit to appellants’ Oklahoma health care providers and paid for the

damage to appellants’ car. Otherwise, Penn National denied appellants’

uninsured motorist claim on the basis that there was a lack of evidence of a

hit-and-run vehicle and appellants were responsible for the collision with the

semi-truck under Oklahoma’s comparative negligence law.

      Appellants sued Penn National for bad faith and breach of contract in the

Northern District of Oklahoma. Penn National moved for summary judgment,

arguing that Oklahoma’s choice-of-law rules and the choice-of-law clause in

appellants’ insurance policy called for the application of North Carolina law and

that, under North Carolina law, a claim for uninsured motorist benefits must be

based on a physical collision between the vehicles, which appellants agreed did


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not occur here. The district court analyzed Oklahoma’s choice-of-law rules at

length and decided that North Carolina law, not Oklahoma law, governed the

contract between the parties. The court further determined that appellants’ bad

faith claim sounded in contract rather than tort, and, as a result, it also was

governed by North Carolina law. The court therefore granted summary judgment

to Penn National.

      “We review the district court’s grant of summary judgment de novo,

applying the same legal standard used by the district court.” Simms v. Okla.

ex rel. Dep’t of Mental Health & Substance Abuse Servs., 165 F.3d 1321, 1326

(10th Cir. 1999). “Summary judgment is appropriate ‘if the pleadings,

depositions, answers to interrogatories, and admissions on file, together with the

affidavits, if any, show that there is no genuine issue as to any material fact and

that the moving party is entitled to a judgment as a matter of law.’” Id. (quoting

Fed. R. Civ. P. 56(c)). “When applying this standard, we view the evidence and

draw reasonable inferences therefrom in the light most favorable to the

nonmoving party.” Id.

      Appellants argue on appeal that: (1) the district court erred in finding that

Penn National could improperly deny coverage on one basis, but later be absolved

of bad faith when its counsel discovered, after the denial and after suit was filed,

that there was a different basis for denial; (2) there is sufficient evidence that


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Penn National’s actions during the handling and denial of appellants’ claim

constituted bad faith, and summary judgment was therefore improper; (3) Penn

National should be estopped from rejecting the application of Oklahoma law

because Penn National relied on Oklahoma law to deny appellants’ claim; and

(4) Penn National breached its contract with appellants or, alternatively, breach of

contract is not an essential element of a bad faith tort claim.

      Appellants do not challenge the basis of the district court’s decision, which

was that under Oklahoma’s choice-of-law rules, North Carolina law governs and

defeats both of appellants’ claims in this case. We therefore affirm the district

court’s grant of summary judgment to Penn National. We reject, for two reasons,

appellants’ argument that Penn National should be estopped from relying on

North Carolina law after appellants filed suit, when the company relied on

Oklahoma law before appellants filed suit. First, we ordinarily do not address

arguments presented for the first time on appeal, and appellants did not raise their

estoppel arguments in the district court. See Singleton v. Wulff, 428 U.S. 106,

120 (1976). Second, appellants do not present a reasoned argument (as opposed

to a mere conclusion) that either the doctrine of quasi-estoppel or the doctrine of

judicial estoppel applies to this case. See Phillips v. Calhoun, 956 F.2d 949,

953-54 (10th Cir. 1992).




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    Appellee’s motion to strike is denied. The judgment of the district court is

AFFIRMED.

                                                 Entered for the Court



                                                 Paul J. Kelly, Jr.
                                                 Circuit Judge




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