                                      In The

                                Court of Appeals
                    Ninth District of Texas at Beaumont
                                ________________

                               NO. 09-15-00212-CV
                                ________________

                        MICHAEL COLLINS, Appellant

                                         V.

  CORINNA VON SCHONAU-RIEDWEG AND EBUR INVESTMENTS,
                           LLC, Appellees
__________________________________________________________________

                On Appeal from the 410th District Court
                      Montgomery County, Texas
                    Trial Cause No. 15-02-01888 CV
__________________________________________________________________

                          MEMORANDUM OPINION

      Michael Collins appeals from the trial court’s judgment denying his motion

to contest recognition and enforcement of a foreign judgment and, alternatively, for

new trial, in which he sought to prevent enforcement of a Massachusetts default

judgment in favor of appellees. In his sole appellate issue, Collins asserts that the

Texas court erred by affording full faith and credit to the default judgment entered

by a Massachusetts court. We affirm the trial court’s judgment.


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                                    BACKGROUND

      Appellees Corinna von Schonau-Riedweg and Ebur Investments, LLC sued

Collins 1 for damages arising from alleged misrepresentations and securities fraud.2

Collins failed to appear in the lawsuit, and the Massachusetts court entered

findings of fact and a default judgment against him, in which it assessed monetary

damages of $5,000,000 in favor of appellees. Appellees filed a “Notice of Filing

Foreign Judgment” (“the notice”) with the 410th District Court in Montgomery

County, Texas, as well as a petition to enforce the Massachusetts judgment in

Texas.

      Collins filed a motion in the Texas court contesting recognition and

enforcement of the foreign judgment, or, alternatively, for new trial. 3 In his

motion, Collins asserted that good cause exists to set aside the Massachusetts

default judgment because the judgment remains subject to being set aside in

Massachusetts and “the Massachusetts court lacked personal jurisdiction over




      1
       The Massachusetts court determined in its findings of fact that Collins was
a principal of Texas Syngas, one of the companies in which von Schonau was
advised to invest.
      2
          Appellees also sued other defendants who are not parties to this appeal.
      3
          The record does not reflect that Collins filed a special appearance.
                                            2
Collins and the question of personal jurisdiction was not fully and fairly litigated in

the Massachusetts court.”

         Collins alleged that he was working with appellees’ counsel in an attempt to

resolve appellees’ complaints against him, and that Collins and appellees’ counsel

agreed that Collins would present himself for deposition in Texas. According to

Collins, he did not appear due to a miscommunication by appellees’ counsel

regarding a change to the date of the deposition, and Collins subsequently

underwent multiple surgical dental procedures between June 2014 and August

2014 that rendered him unable to speak “without significant pain for weeks at a

time.”

         Appellees moved for entry of a default judgment against Collins, and the

Massachusetts court “entered the default” against Collins on September 4, 2014.

According to Collins’s motion, “[o]n September 16, 2014, prior to entry of a

judgment against Collins on the default motion, Collins filed a Motion to Dismiss,

asserting that the Massachusetts court lacked personal jurisdiction over Collins.” In

a judgment dated November 25, 2014, the trial court entered findings of fact and a




                                           3
final default judgment against Collins for $5,000,000, and the trial court signed a

“Corrected Final Judgment” against Collins on November 28, 2014. 4

      The Texas trial court scheduled a hearing on Collins’s motions, and after

conducting a hearing on Collins’s motion for new trial, the Texas court signed an

order denying the motion. In his sole appellate issue, Collins argues that the trial

court erred by “giving full faith and credit to a judgment entered by a

Massachusetts court that lacked personal jurisdiction over Collins and which

judgment remained subject to review in Massachusetts.”

                                    ANALYSIS

      The United States Constitution requires each state to give full faith and

credit to public acts, records, and judicial proceedings from every other state. U.S.

Const. art. IV, § 1; see Bard v. Charles R. Myers Ins. Agency, Inc., 839 S.W.2d

791, 794 (Tex. 1992). “Thus, a Texas court must recognize a properly proven

judgment from another state and must give the judgment ‘effect coextensive with

      4
        Collins also filed a motion to dismiss in the Massachusetts court. In the
motion to dismiss, Collins asserted that he is not a Massachusetts resident, has had
“no purposeful contacts with the State of Massachusetts[,]” and asserted that the
court’s exercise of personal jurisdiction over him violates the due process clause
because he has insufficient contacts with Massachusetts and maintenance of the
suit there would offend traditional notions of fair play and substantial justice. The
docket sheet from the Massachusetts court reflects that the court returned the
motion to dismiss to Collins without filing it because Collins was in default, and
the “default must be removed before a motion to dismiss can be filed.”
                                         4
that to which it is entitled in the rendering state.’” In the Interest of G.L.A., 195

S.W.3d 787, 793 (Tex. App.—Beaumont 2006, pet. denied). “When a judgment is

properly authenticated and admitted into evidence, the party opposing it must

prove that the judgment is not entitled to full faith and credit[,]” and “[t]he

opponent may challenge a facially valid order ‘only on limited grounds such as a

lack of personal jurisdiction by the issuing court, or some procedural defect that

would render the decree void.’” Id. (quoting Cowan v. Moreno, 903 S.W.2d 119,

123 (Tex. App.—Austin 1995, no writ)).

      As mentioned above, Collins contends that the default judgment is still

subject to modification in Massachusetts, and he asserts that the Massachusetts

court lacked personal jurisdiction over him. Specifically, Collins argues that

Massachusetts law allows a defendant to move to set aside a default judgment

within one year after the judgment, and that he “advised” the trial court that he

intended to file a timely motion to set aside the judgment. In addition, with respect

to personal jurisdiction, Collins maintains that he did not make a general

appearance in the Massachusetts litigation and had objected to the Massachusetts

court’s exercise of personal jurisdiction over him before the trial court entered the

default judgment.



                                         5
      As previously discussed, the record reflects that Collins never filed a motion

to set aside the default with the Massachusetts court, but instead first filed a motion

to dismiss, and the trial court returned that motion to Collins. As Collins admits in

his brief, he did not file a motion to set aside the default with the Massachusetts

court, and we note that more than one year has now elapsed since the corrected

final default judgment was signed on November 28, 2014. See Mass R. Civ. P.

55(c) (“For good cause shown the court may set aside an entry of default and, if a

judgment has been entered, may likewise set it aside in accordance with Rule

60(b).”); Mass. R. Civ. P. 60(b) (Motion to set aside a judgment must be made “not

more than one year after the judgment, order or proceeding was entered or

taken.”). The record also reflects that Collins has not attempted to stay execution of

the default judgment and post the required bond in Massachusetts. See Mass. R.

Civ. P. 62(b) (“In its discretion and on such conditions for the security of the

adverse party as are proper, the court may stay the execution of or any proceedings

to enforce a judgment pending the disposition of a motion for relief from a

judgment or order[.]”). For all of these reasons, we reject Collins’s contention that

the default judgment was still subject to attack in Massachusetts such that the trial

court could not properly afford full faith and credit to that judgment.



                                          6
      We turn now to the issue of whether the Texas court correctly determined

that the Massachusetts court properly exercised personal jurisdiction over Collins,

thereby entitling its judgment to full faith and credit. To subject a defendant to

personal jurisdiction, the defendant must have minimum contacts with the forum

state such that maintenance of the suit does not offend traditional notions of fair

play and substantial justice. Int’l Shoe Co. v. Wash., 326 U.S. 310, 316 (1945).

Massachusetts’s long-arm statute provides that a trial “court may exercise personal

jurisdiction over a person, who acts directly or by an agent, as to a cause of action

in law or in equity arising from the person’s . . . transacting any business in this

commonwealth [or] causing tortious injury by an act or omission in this

commonwealth[.]” Mass. Gen. Laws. C. 223A, § 3(a), (c).

      In this case, the trial court had before it evidence that Collins lived and

worked in Massachusetts during the time period at issue in the Massachusetts

litigation; socialized with other defendants, including appellees’ former financial

advisor, in Massachusetts; worked for Texas Syngas in Massachusetts and received

a salary for his work; misrepresented his background and experience; prevented

potential investors access to the Texas Syngas facility in Massachusetts; and failed

to properly maintain and operate the Texas Syngas facility. We conclude that the

court below did not err by determining that the Massachusetts court properly

                                         7
exercised personal jurisdiction over Collins. See id.; Int’l Shoe Co., 326 U.S. at

316. We overrule Collins’s sole issue and affirm the trial court’s judgment.

      AFFIRMED.

                                             ______________________________
                                                    STEVE McKEITHEN
                                                       Chief Justice



Submitted on March 14, 2016
Opinion Delivered May 12, 2016

Before McKeithen, C.J., Kreger and Johnson, JJ.




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