                          UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
                       MERIT SYSTEMS PROTECTION BOARD


     KENNETH MICHAEL PETTY,                          DOCKET NUMBER
                 Appellant,                          AT-0351-14-0744-I-1

                  v.

     TENNESSEE VALLEY AUTHORITY,                     DATE: January 29, 2015
                  Agency.



             THIS FINAL ORDER IS NO NPRECEDENTIAL 1

           Stephen K. Perry, Knoxville, Tennessee, for the appellant.

           John E. Slater, Knoxville, Tennessee, for the agency.


                                           BEFORE

                              Susan Tsui Grundmann, Chairman
                              Anne M. Wagner, Vice Chairman
                                 Mark A. Robbins, Member


                                       FINAL ORDER
¶1        The appellant has filed a petition for review of the initial decision, which
     affirmed the agency’s decision to separate the appellant pursuant to a reduction in
     force (RIF). Generally, we grant petitions such as this one only when: the initial
     decision contains erroneous findings of material fact; the initial decision is based


     1
        A nonprecedential order is one that the Board has determined does not add
     sign ificantly to the body of MSPB case law. Parties may cite nonprecedential orders,
     but such orders have no precedential value; the Board and administrative judges are not
     required to follow or distinguish them in any future decisions. In contrast, a
     precedential decision issued as an Opinion and Order has been identified by the Board
     as significantly contributing to the Board’s case law. See 5 C.F.R. § 1201.117(c).
                                                                                        2

     on an erroneous interpretation of statute or regulation or the erroneous application
     of the law to the facts of the case; the judge’s rulings during either the course of
     the appeal or the initial decision were not consistent with required procedures or
     involved an abuse of discretion, and the resulting error affected the outcome of
     the case; or new and material evidence or legal argument is available that, despite
     the petitioner’s due diligence, was not available when the record closed.        See
     Title 5 of the Code of Federal Regulations, section 1201.115 (5 C.F.R.
     § 1201.115). After fully considering the filings in this appeal, and based on the
     following points and authorities, we conclude that the petitioner has not
     established any basis under section 1201.115 for granting the petition for review.
     Therefore, we DENY the petition for review and AFFIRM the initial decision,
     which is now the Board’s final decision. 5 C.F.R. § 1201.113(b).

                                      BACKGROUND
¶2           The appellant, who was employed as a Business Analyst, was separated
     pursuant to a RIF. Initial Appeal File (IAF), Tab 4 at 36-38. He filed a Board
     appeal asserting that his position was interchangeable with that of another
     position, Financial Consultant, and that the agency therefore incorrectly identified
     his competitive level as only including Business Analysts. IAF, Tab 1. He did
     not request a hearing. Id. In his brief below, the appellant argued that he had
     been performing the work of a Financial Consultant and that the agency erred by
     failing to reclassify his position as required by an agency handbook. IAF, Tab 9
     at 9-13. The agency argued that the two positions were not interchangeable and
     that, even if they were, the appellant still would have been separated because he
     would have had the lowest retention standing on this revised list. IAF, Tab 4 at
     8-11.    In his initial decision, the administrative judge affirmed the agency’s
     decision to separate the appellant pursuant to the RIF, specifically finding that the
     agency established by a preponderance of the evidence that the Business Analyst
     and the Financial Consultant positions were not within the same competitive level
                                                                                              3

     for purposes of the RIF and that the appellant had not shown that the agency
     committed harmful procedural error by failing to officially reassign him to a
     Financial Consultant position prior to the RIF. IAF, Tab 12, Initial Decision (ID)
     at 5-8.
¶3         The appellant has timely petitioned for review and argues, as he did below,
     that the agency misidentified his competitive level because the Business Analyst
     and the Financial Consultant positions were sufficiently identical to allow
     incumbents to move between the two positions without undue interruption.
     Petition for Review (PFR) File, Tab 1 at 5-6. The agency has filed a response,
     PFR File, Tab 3, and the appellant has filed a reply, PFR File, Tab 4. 2

                      DISCUSSION OF ARGUMENTS ON REVIEW
¶4         With respect to a challenge to an appealable RIF, such as the challenge to
     the separation at issue here, the agency must establish by preponderant evidence 3
     that it invoked the RIF regulations for an approved reason, that the RIF
     regulations were properly applied as to the appellant’s competitive area and
     competitive level, and that he was afforded proper assignment rights. 4 5 C.F.R.
     §§ 351.201(a)(2),     402,     403,    705;    see     Abakan     v.    Department      of
     Transportation, 98 M.S.P.R. 662, ¶ 6 (2005). To meet its burden of proving that
     the RIF regulations were properly applied as to the appellant’s competitive level,

     2
       Because we find that the agency properly separated the appellant pursuant to the RIF,
     we do not address the agency’s argument that the appellant would have been separated
     regardless of whether the Business Analyst and Financial Consultant positions were in
     the same competitive level. See PFR File, Tab 3 at 9.
     3
      A preponderance of the evidence is that degree of relevant evidence that a reasonable
     person, considering the record as a whole, wou ld accept as sufficient to find that a
     contested fact is more likely to be true than untrue. 5 C.F.R. § 1201.56(c)(2).
     4
       The appellant does not challenge the administrative judge’s findings that the RIF
     regu lations were properly applied as to h is competitive area, that he was not entitled to
     assignment rights, and that the agency invoked the RIF regulations for one of the
     legitimate management reasons specified in 5 C.F.R. § 351.201(a)(2). IAF, Tabs 1, 9,
     11; PFR File, Tabs 1, 4; ID at 7-8. We have reviewed these findings and find no reason
     to disturb them.
                                                                                      4

     the agency must establish that the positions are not “similar enough in duties,
     qualifications requirements, pay schedules, and working conditions, so that an
     agency may reassign the incumbent of one position to any of the other positions
     in the level without undue interruption.” Anderson v. Tennessee Valley
     Authority, 77 M.S.P.R. 271, 276 (1998) (citing 5 C.F.R. § 351.403(a)). “Without
     undue interruption” means “without any loss to productivity beyond that normally
     expected in the orientation of any new, but fully qualified employee.” Anderson,
     77 M.S.P.R. at 276 (citing Disney v. Department of the Navy, 67 M.S.P.R. 563,
     567 (1995)).
¶5          The appellant argues that the agency improperly determined his competitive
     level because the Business Analyst and the Financial Consultant positions are
     interchangeable. PFR File, Tab 1 at 5-6. For the reasons set forth below, we
     agree with the administrative judge that the two positions are “similar but not
     identical.” ID at 5.
¶6          In determining whether two positions are in the same competitive level, the
     Board primarily considers the position descriptions. Anderson, 77 M.S.P.R. at
     277.   Although both the Business Analyst and Financial Consultant positions are
     in the same organization, it is clear from the position descriptions that the
     purposes of and the qualifications for the two positions are different. IAF, Tab 4
     at 43-44. According to the Business Analyst position description, the position’s
     primary function is “to develop a comprehensive business economics model to
     determine the value created by each of [the agency’s] business units.” Id. at 44.
     However, according to the Financial Consultant position description, that
     position’s areas of responsibility consist of “financial statement integrity,
     technical accounting guidance, Sarbanes-Oxley control environment compliance,
     financial   and   operational   performance   reporting,   annual   business   plan
     development, budgeting and forecasting, financial analysis, business system
     development and integration, management support systems and processes.” Id. at
     43. While the Business Analyst position requires “[6] to [10] years of related
                                                                                             5

     experience in financial management and business systems and controls,” the
     Financial Consultant position only requires 5 years of such experience.             Id. at
     43-44. Lastly, while the Business Analyst position requires a Bachelor’s degree
     in finance, accounting, or a business-related field, the Financial Consultant
     position only requires a Bachelor’s degree with a preference for a field of study in
     accounting or finance. 5 Id. Considering these position descriptions as a whole, it
     is apparent that the positions have significant differences.
¶7            In determining whether two positions could occupy the same competitive
     level, the Board has held, “it does not matter that the individuals in the positions
     could qualify for a particular position but that anyone who qualified for one
     position could qualify for all.” Bateman v. Department of the Navy, 64 M.S.P.R.
     464, 467 (1994). The two positions at issue here do not satisfy this test. Most
     notably, although a person could qualify for the Financial Consultant position
     with 5 years of experience in financial management and business systems and
     controls, the same person would be ineligible for the Business Analyst position
     without at least 6 years of such experience. IAF, Tab 4 at 43-44. Accordingly,
     we find that the position descriptions demonstrate that the Business Analyst
     position and the Financial Consultant position are not in the same competitive
     level.    Holliday v. Department of the Army, 12 M.S.P.R. 358, 361-62 (1982)
     (finding, based upon testimony and the official position descriptions, that two
     positions were properly classified in two separate competitive levels).
¶8            Even though the competitive level of the two positions is primarily
     determined by the position descriptions, the Board also may consider other
     evidence where it “sheds light” on the position description.                Simonton v.
     Department of the Army, 62 M.S.P.R. 30, 35-36 (1994). An agency Employee
     Relations Specialist stated in her declaration that the Business Analyst position

     5
       The appellant correctly notes that this requirement is flex ible because both positions
     provide for consideration of a Bachelor’s degree in a related field of study, with related
     education, training, and experience. IAF, Tab 4 at 43-44; PFR File, Tab 1 at 5-6.
                                                                                             6

     primarily fulfilled a role in the design and implementation of the agency’s
     business economic modeling and analysis, which was discontinued. IAF, Tab 4 at
     19.      On the other hand, she stated that the Financial Consultant position was
     employed to primarily provide “technical financial and accounting guidance on
     financial statement integrity, Sarbanes-Oxley control environment compliance,
     financial and operational performance reporting, and budget analysis.” Id. This
     evidence further supports our finding that the two positions are not in the same
     competitive level.
¶9            In support of his argument that the two positions should have been in the
     same competitive level, the appellant argues that Business Analysts were
     performing the duties of Financial Consultants at the time of the RIF. PFR File,
     Tab 4 at 6. However, the fact that an employee can perform the duties of both
     positions does not establish that they are interchangeable for determining
     competitive level. Holliday, 12 M.S.P.R. 358, 361-62. Additionally, where an
     employee is detailed to or acting in a position, his competitive level is not
     determined by the position to which he is detailed or in which he is acting. See
     Jicha v. Department of the Navy, 65 M.S.P.R. 73, 77 (1994). Consequently, the
     Board has held that an agency should not base its competitive level determination
     upon an appellant’s temporary assignment. Id. We therefore find that, although
     the appellant may have performed the work of a Financial Consultant, the agency
     properly considered the Business Analyst position in determining his competitive
     level.     Accordingly, we agree with the administrative judge that the agency
     correctly determined the appellant’s competitive level and properly separated him
     pursuant to the RIF. 6 Estrin v. Social Security Administration, 24 M.S.P.R. 303,


     6
       The appellant has not challenged the adm inistrative judge’s finding that the agency did
     not commit harmful procedural error by failing to officially reassign h im to a Financial
     Consultant position pursuant to an agency handbook. PFR File, Tabs 1, 3; see ID at
     6-7. The administrative judge correctly determined that the agency was not bound by
     the handbook. ID at 7; see Taylor v. Office of Personnel Management, 87 M.S.P.R.
     214, ¶ 12 n.2 (2000) (citing Hamlet v. United States, 63 F.3d 1097, 1105 (Fed. Cir.
                                                                                     7

306-07 (1984) (finding that the agency properly excluded certain positions from
the appellant’s competitive level and sustaining the appellant’s separation by
RIF).

                   NOTICE TO THE APPELLANT REGARDING
                      YOUR FURTHER REVIEW RIGHTS
        You have the right to request review of this final decision by the United
States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit. You must submit your request to
the court at the following address:
                           United States Court of Appeals
                               for the Federal Circuit
                             717 Madison Place, N.W.
                              Washington, DC 20439

        The court must receive your request for review no later than 60 calendar
days after the date of this order. See 5 U.S.C. § 7703(b)(1)(A) (as rev. eff. Dec.
27, 2012). If you choose to file, be very careful to file on time. The court has
held that normally it does not have the authority to waive this statutory deadline
and that filings that do not comply with the deadline must be dismissed. See
Pinat v. Office of Personnel Management, 931 F.2d 1544 (Fed. Cir. 1991).
        If you need further information about your right to appeal this decision to
court, you should refer to the federal law that gives you this right. It is found in
Title 5 of the United States Code, section 7703 (5 U.S.C. § 7703) (as rev. eff.
Dec. 27, 2012). You may read this law as well as other sections of the United
States     Code,    at   our   website,   http://www.mspb.gov/appeals/uscode.htm.


1995) (specifying criteria for determ ining whether a manual or handbook is entitled to
the force and effect of law)). Accordingly, the admin istrative judge correctly
determined that the agency did not err by failing to reassign the appellant to the new
position or by basing his competitive level on the Business Analyst position. See
generally Smith v. Office of Personnel Management, 67 M.S.P.R. 29, 32-33 (1995)
(finding that an agency correctly based competitive level on the position the appellant
held prior to the freeze in promotions because the promotion, although authorized, had
not been processed).
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Additional information is available at the court's website, www.cafc.uscourts.gov.
Of particular relevance is the court's "Guide for Pro Se Petitioners and
Appellants," which is contained within the court's Rules of Practice, and Forms 5,
6, and 11.
     If you are interested in securing pro bono representation for your court
appeal, you may visit our website at http://www.mspb.gov/probono for a list of
attorneys who have expressed interest in providing pro bono representation for
Merit Systems Protection Board appellants before the court. The Merit Systems
Protection Board neither endorses the services provided by any attorney nor
warrants that any attorney will accept representation in a given case.




FOR THE BOARD:                            ______________________________
                                          William D. Spencer
                                          Clerk of the Board
Washington, D.C.
