11-4818-cv
Reeder v. Hogan


                                UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
                                   FOR THE SECOND CIRCUIT

                                         SUMMARY ORDER
Rulings by summary order do not have precedential effect. Citation to a summary order filed on or
after January 1, 2007, is permitted and is governed by Federal Rule of Appellate Procedure 32.1 and
this Court’s Local Rule 32.1.1. When citing a summary order in a document filed with this Court, a
party must cite either the Federal Appendix or an electronic database (with the notation “summary
order”). A party citing a summary order must serve a copy of it on any party not represented by
counsel.

       At a stated term of the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit, held at the
Thurgood Marshall United States Courthouse, 40 Foley Square, in the City of New York, on the 25th
day of March, two thousand thirteen.

PRESENT:
            JOSÉ A. CABRANES,
            DEBRA ANN LIVINGSTON,
                         Circuit Judges,
            JESSE M. FURMAN,
                         District Judge.1
_____________________________________

RASZELL REEDER,

                  Plaintiff-Appellant,

                           v.                                                    No. 11-4818-cv

MICHAEL HOGAN, OMH COMMISSIONER, ET AL.,

            Defendants-Appellees.
_____________________________________

FOR PLAINTIFF-APPELLANT:                                       Raszell Reeder, pro se, Malone, NY.

FOR DEFENDANTS-APPELLEES:                                      Barbara D. Underwood, Solicitor General,
                                                               Denise A. Hartman and Martin A. Hotvet,
                                                               Assistant Solicitors General of Counsel,
                                                               Albany, NY.

1 The Honorable Jesse M. Furman, of the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York, sitting by
designation
     Appeal from a judgment of the United States District Court for the Northern District of
New York (Glenn T. Suddaby, Judge; David E. Peebles, Magistrate Judge).

     UPON DUE CONSIDERATION, IT IS HEREBY ORDERED, ADJUDGED,
AND DECREED that the October 13, 2011 judgment of the district court is AFFIRMED.

        Appellant Raszell Reeder, proceeding pro se, appeals from the October 13, 2011 judgment of
the District Court dismissing his 42 U.S.C. § 1983 complaint for failure to prosecute, pursuant to
Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 41(b). We assume the parties’ familiarity with the underlying facts,
the procedural history of the case, and the issues on appeal.

                                                    DISCUSSION

       We review a district court’s dismissal for failure to prosecute pursuant to Rule 41(b) for
abuse of discretion in light of the record as a whole.2 See Spencer v. Doe, 139 F.3d 107, 112 (2d Cir.
1998). In reviewing a Rule 41(b) dismissal, we consider five factors, including whether:

                   (1) the plaintiff’s failure to prosecute caused a delay of significant duration;
                   (2) plaintiff was given notice that further delay would result in dismissal; (3)
                   defendant was likely to be prejudiced by further delay; (4) the need to
                   alleviate court calendar congestion was carefully balanced against plaintiff’s
                   right to an opportunity for a day in court; and (5) the trial court adequately
                   assessed the efficacy of lesser sanctions.

Lewis v. Rawson, 564 F.3d 569, 576 (2d Cir. 2009) (quoting United States ex rel. Drake v. Norden Sys., Inc.,
375 F.3d 248, 254 (2d Cir. 2004)). In examining these factors, no single one generally is dispositive.
See Drake, 375 F.3d at 254.

         After independently reviewing the record, we conclude that the District Court did not abuse
its discretion in dismissing Reeder’s complaint for failure to prosecute, substantially for the reasons
stated in the well-reasoned decision of the District Court as well as the Magistrate Judge’s Report
and Recommendation. Indeed, the District Court properly found that Reeder submitted no
evidence and made only bare assertions to support his contention that he had timely mailed his
second amended complaint to the District Court.



2 Reeder does not contend, nor can his appellate brief be liberally construed to suggest, that the District Court erred in

dismissing either his initial complaint or his amended complaint. As such, any argument regarding those decisions is
abandoned. See LoSacco v. City of Middletown, 71 F.3d 88, 92-93 (2d Cir. 1995) (holding, in the context of a pro se appeal,
that issues not raised in an appellate brief are abandoned).
                                                             2
                                       CONCLUSION

       We have considered all of Reeder’s arguments on appeal and find them to be without merit.
Accordingly, we AFFIRM the judgment of the District Court.

                                                    FOR THE COURT:
                                                    Catherine O’Hagan Wolfe, Clerk




                                                3
