                                No. 2--06--1120          Filed: 9-20-07
______________________________________________________________________________

                                               IN THE

                               APPELLATE COURT OF ILLINOIS

                              SECOND DISTRICT
______________________________________________________________________________

RESURGENCE FINANCIAL, LLC,               ) Appeal from the Circuit Court
                                         ) of Lake County.
        Plaintiff-Appellee,              )
                                         )
v.                                       ) No. 05--AR--2714
                                         )
JOAN KELLY, a/k/a Joan Leyhane Kelly,    )
a/k/a Joan Leyhane,                      )
                                         )
        Defendant-Appellant              )
                                         ) Honorable
(Byron Kelly, a/k/a William Byron Kelly, ) Mary S. Schostok,
Defendant).                              ) Judge, Presiding.
______________________________________________________________________________

       JUSTICE McLAREN delivered the opinion of the court:

       Joan Kelly (Kelly) appeals the trial court's denial of her motion for attorney fees under section

1(b) of the Credit Card Liability Act (815 ILCS 145/1(b) (West 2004)). That section allows a

defendant to recover fees when a judgment is issued in his or her favor. The trial court allowed the

plaintiff, Resurgence Financial, LLC, to withdraw its complaint without prejudice, and the parties

agree that Resurgence can still refile the action. On appeal, Kelly argues that the initial complaint

lacked a factual and legal basis, entitling her to fees under section 1(b). We dismiss the appeal.

                                          BACKGROUND

       On December 30, 2005, Resurgence filed a complaint alleging that it was an assignee of

MBNA Credit Company and that Kelly owed $23,679 in unpaid charges. On March 22, 2006,
No. 2--06--1120


Resurgence filed an amended complaint adding Byron Kelly, Kelly's former husband, as a defendant.

The complaint included several attachments indicating that Resurgence had purchased the MBNA

account. Also attached was an affidavit from an officer of Resurgence averring that it had purchased

the account and that Kelly owed the amount alleged in the complaint.

        Kelly moved for summary judgment, arguing that the attachments to the complaint failed to

show the existence of an agreement or debt between Kelly and Resurgence. After Resurgence failed

to answer a request to admit facts, Kelly filed a motion to deem admitted that Resurgence did not

possess the following: an application by Kelly for credit, records of charges made on the account,

charge slips showing that Kelly made charges on the account, or a card member agreement between

Kelly and MBNA.

        On August 30, 2006, the trial court continued the matter until September 20, 2006, to

determine the status of Byron Kelly's bankruptcy. On September 20, the trial court granted the

motion to deem facts admitted, but denied the motion for summary judgment, stating that an

arbitration date of October 26, 2006, would stand.

        On September 26, 2006, Resurgence filed a motion to dismiss without prejudice. On October

4, 2006, the trial court granted the motion and Kelly requested fees under section 1(b). The trial

court denied the motion for fees, stating that a judgment had not been entered and that it could not

award fees based on a possible future result. The court further noted that there was no motion before

it for sanctions under Supreme Court Rule 137 (155 Ill. 2d R. 137). The court made no factual

findings on the merits. Kelly appealed the denial of her motions for summary judgment and for fees.

We denied Kelly's motion to stay the appeal pending the October 5, 2007, expiration of Resurgence's

refiling period.



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                                             ANALYSIS

        Kelly asserts that this court has jurisdiction under Supreme Court Rules 301 (155 Ill. 2d R.

301) and 303 (210 Ill. 2d R. 303). Those rules allow an appeal from the entry of a final order. Kelly

appears to assume we have jurisdiction because we denied her motion to stay the appeal pending the

expiration of the time in which Resurgence can refile the action. We disagree, as Kelly does not

appeal a final order.

        Section 2--1009(a) of the Code of Civil Procedure allows a plaintiff to voluntarily dismiss the

action without prejudice at any time before trial or hearing begins. 735 ILCS 5/2--1009(a) (West

2004). He or she then has a right to refile within one year of the voluntary dismissal. 735 ILCS 5/13-

-217 (West 2004); see Kahle v. John Deere Co., 104 Ill. 2d 302, 305 (1984).

        "An order granting a plaintiff's motion for a voluntary dismissal is 'final and appealable by the

defendants.' " Valdovinos v. Luna-Manalac Medical Center, Ltd., 307 Ill. App. 3d 528, 535 (1999),

quoting Kahle, 104 Ill. 2d at 307. But, because jurisdiction in the appellate court is generally limited

to appeals from final judgments, the power to address a defendant's appeal from a voluntary dismissal

"does not form the jurisdictional basis from which we may also address the substantive merits of other

nonfinal orders entered by a trial court prior to the granting of a voluntary dismissal." Valdovinos,

307 Ill. App. 3d at 537; see Saddle Signs, Inc. v. Adrian, 272 Ill. App. 3d 132, 135-40 (1995).

        "A judgment is final if it determines the litigation on the merits so that, if affirmed, nothing

remains for the trial court to do but to proceed with its execution." Big Sky Excavating, Inc. v.

Illinois Bell Telephone Co., 217 Ill. 2d 221, 233 (2005). "When an order leaves a cause still pending

and undecided, it is not a final order." Austin's Rack, Inc. v. Gordon & Glickson, P.C., 145 Ill. App.




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3d 500, 502 (1986). Accordingly, the denial of a motion for summary judgment is not final. De

Bouse v. Bayer AG, 373 Ill. App. 3d 774, 783 (2007).

       It is true that an appeal from a final judgment draws into issue all previous interlocutory

orders that produced the final judgment. Valdovinos, 307 Ill. App. 3d at 538. But such orders must

constitute procedural steps in the progression leading to the entry of the final judgment. Valdovinos,

307 Ill. App. 3d at 538. The denial of summary judgment is not a procedural step to an order of

voluntary dismissal. Valdovinos, 307 Ill. App. 3d at 538. Thus, the denial here was neither a final

judgment nor a procedural step to a final judgment, and it is not appealable.

       Kelly also appeals the order denying her motion for fees. However, that order also was not

final. The trial court did not finally determine that Kelly was not entitled to fees. Instead, it ruled

that, because there had been no final determination of the merits of the complaint, Kelly's motion was

premature. See In re Chilean D., 304 Ill. App. 3d 580, 585 (1999) (voluntary dismissal is not

judgment on merits). In effect, having dismissed Resurgence's complaint without prejudice, the court

denied Kelly's motion for fees without prejudice. Thus, that order also is not appealable.

       In her briefs, Kelly includes arguments that she is entitled to Rule 137 sanctions (155 Ill. 2d

R. 137).    However, as the trial court noted, she did not move for those sanctions below.

Accordingly, no order denying Rule 137 sanctions exists to support this appeal. See Penn v. Gerig,

334 Ill. App. 3d 345, 353 (2002) (Rule 137 issue "was never litigated or ruled upon and a final and

appealable order was never entered"); cf. Greengard v. Cooper, 78 Ill. App. 2d 86, 89-90 (1966)

(affirming trial court's denial of defendant's motion for sanctions following voluntary nonsuit).

                                           CONCLUSION




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No. 2--06--1120


       As neither order on appeal is final, we dismiss this appeal from the nonfinal orders of the

circuit court of Lake County.

       Appeal dismissed.

       GILLERAN JOHNSON and ZENOFF, JJ., concur.




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