               IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF NORTH CAROLINA

                                   No. COA19-154

                               Filed: 20 August 2019

Guilford County, No. 16 CVS 4501

STEVE MANLEY, Personally and as Administrator of the Estate of Clarence Manley,
deceased, Plaintiff,

              v.

MAPLE GROVE NURSING HOME, SNOWSHOE LTC GROUP, LLC, PRINCIPLE
LONG TERM CARE, INC. and BRITTHAVEN, INC., Defendants.


        Appeal by Plaintiff from order entered 13 January 2017 by Judge Lindsay R.

Davis, Jr., in Guilford County Superior Court. Heard in the Court of Appeals 6 June

2019.


        Schwaba Law Firm, PLLC, by Andrew J. Schwaba and Zachary D. Walton, for
        Plaintiff-Appellant.

        Bovis Kyle Burch & Medlin, LLC, by Brian H. Alligood, for Defendants-
        Appellees.


        COLLINS, Judge.


        Plaintiff Steve Manley appeals from the trial court’s 13 January 2017 order

that, inter alia, denied his motion to amend his complaint on the grounds of futility.

Because the 13 January 2017 order was interlocutory, and Plaintiff failed to appeal

from the 23 October 2018 final order granting Defendants summary judgment in the

case, we lack jurisdiction to hear Plaintiff’s appeal.      Accordingly, we dismiss

Plaintiff’s appeal.
                      MANLEY V. MAPLE GROVE NURSING HOME

                                   Opinion of the Court



                                   I.   Background

      This matter arises out of an accident that took place at Defendant Maple Grove

Nursing Home’s facility, in which decedent Clarence Manley (“Decedent”) fell and

injured himself, an injury that allegedly led to his death on 30 December 2014.

      Plaintiff, as Administrator of Decedent’s estate, filed a so-called John Doe

action on 11 April 2016 seeking subpoena power to investigate Decedent’s fall and

alleging negligence in connection therewith. On 19 May 2016, Plaintiff amended his

complaint to bring causes of action for common law breach of fiduciary duty and

professional negligence against Defendants Maple Grove Nursing Home; Snowshoe

LTC Group, LLC; Principle Long Term Care, Inc.; and Britthaven, Inc. (collectively,

“Defendants”). Defendants filed an answer to the amended complaint on 25 July

2016, and therein: (1) generally denied Plaintiff’s allegations; (2) moved to dismiss

the amended complaint pursuant to N.C. Gen. Stat. § 1A-1, Rules 9(j), 12(b)(1), and

12(b)(6); and (3) asserted defenses of contributory negligence and satisfaction of

Plaintiff’s requests for the production of Decedent’s medical records.

      Plaintiff filed a motion to amend the complaint on 19 December 2016, and a

supplemental motion to amend the complaint on 22 December 2016 (collectively, the

“Motion to Amend”). In the Motion to Amend, Plaintiff: (1) argued that Defendants

have failed to provide document discovery sufficient for Plaintiff to prosecute his case,

and moved to compel the production of the allegedly-withheld documents; and (2)



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                           MANLEY V. MAPLE GROVE NURSING HOME

                                          Opinion of the Court



asserted that he had retained an expert who had concluded that malpractice had

occurred and that he sought to add a cause of action for “nursing home malpractice”

to the second amended complaint. Plaintiff attached the proposed second amended

complaint reflecting the proposed cause of action for malpractice to his Motion to

Amend, which included a certification of compliance with N.C. Gen. Stat. § 1A-1, Rule

9(j).1

         On 13 January 2017, the trial court entered an order denying Plaintiff’s Motion

to Amend.2 In its 13 January 2017 order, the trial court noted that neither the

original nor the amended complaint contained or was accompanied by a certification

of compliance with Rule 9(j). The trial court denied Plaintiff’s Motion to Amend on

the grounds of futility because: (1) the statute of limitations for bringing a cause of

action for wrongful death had expired such that a pleading could not be amended to

add a new cause of action for medical malpractice; and (2) to the extent the original

or amended complaints stated a cause of action for medical malpractice, those

pleadings were deficient for failure to include a Rule 9(j) certification.



        1 In relevant part, Rule 9(j) requires dismissal of a complaint alleging medical malpractice

against a health care provider unless the complaint contains a specific assertion that a reasonably-
anticipated expert witness has reviewed “the medical care and all medical records pertaining to the
alleged negligence that are available to the plaintiff after reasonable inquiry” and “is willing to testify
that the medical care did not comply with the applicable standard of care[.]” N.C. Gen. Stat. § 1A-1,
Rule 9(j) (2016).

         2
        The trial court also denied Plaintiff’s motion to compel further document production in its 13
January 2017 order.


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                        MANLEY V. MAPLE GROVE NURSING HOME

                                    Opinion of the Court



         On 14 August 2018, Defendants moved pursuant to N.C. Gen. Stat. § 1A-1,

Rule 56, for summary judgment on Plaintiff’s amended complaint.                Plaintiff

responded on 22 October 2018.

         On 23 October 2018, Superior Court Judge R. Stuart Albright entered an order

granting Defendants’ motion for summary judgment. On 20 November 2018, Plaintiff

filed a Notice of Appeal that “gives notice of appeal to the North Carolina Court of

Appeals from the Order denying the Plaintiff’s Motion to Amend the Complaint,

entered by the Honorable Lindsay R. Davis, Jr. on January 13, 2017[.]”

                                    II.   Discussion

         Before we hear an appeal, we must first determine that we have jurisdiction to

do so.

         Rule 3 of the North Carolina Rules of Appellate Procedure governs the

procedure for taking an appeal in a civil matter. The first step in taking an appeal is

the filing and service of a proper notice of appeal within a specified time period

following the entry of judgment against the appellant. See N.C. R. App. P. 3 (2018).

Appellate Rule 3(d) sets forth the required contents of a notice of appeal, and

specifically requires an appellant to “designate the judgment or order from which

appeal is taken[.]” Id.

         “[A]ppeal lies of right directly to the Court of Appeals . . . [f]rom any final

judgment of a superior court.” N.C. Gen. Stat. § 7A-27(b)(1) (2018). The trial court’s



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                          MANLEY V. MAPLE GROVE NURSING HOME

                                         Opinion of the Court



23 October 2018 order granting Defendants’ motion for summary judgment was a

final judgment of a superior court. Green v. Dixon, 137 N.C. App. 305, 310, 528 S.E.2d

51, 55 (2000) (“[A] cause of action determined by an order for summary judgment is

a final judgment on the merits.”).

       As detailed above, in his Notice of Appeal, Plaintiff purported to appeal from

the trial court’s 13 January 2017 order denying Plaintiff’s Motion to Amend. But

other than in circumstances which this case does not present,3 “[a]n order denying a

motion to amend pleadings is an interlocutory order, and is not immediately

appealable.” Carter v. Rockingham Cty. Bd. of Educ., 158 N.C. App. 687, 689, 582

S.E.2d 69, 71 (2003) (quotation marks and citation omitted). “An interlocutory order

is one made during the pendency of an action, which does not dispose of the case, but

leaves it for further action by the trial court in order to settle and determine the entire

controversy.” Veazey v. Durham, 231 N.C. 357, 362, 57 S.E.2d 377, 381 (1950). On

the other hand, “[a] final judgment is one which disposes of the cause as to all the

parties, leaving nothing to be judicially determined between them in the trial court.”

Id. at 361-62, 57 S.E.2d at 381.


       3  Our Supreme Court has said that “immediate appeal of interlocutory orders and judgments
is available in at least two instances. First, immediate review is available when the trial court enters
a final judgment as to one or more, but fewer than all, claims or parties and certifies there is no just
reason for delay [pursuant to N.C. Gen. Stat. § 1A-1, Rule 54(b)]. . . . Second, immediate appeal is
available from an interlocutory order or judgment which affects a ‘substantial right’” within the
meaning of N.C. Gen. Stat. §§ 1-277 or 7A-27. Sharpe v. Worland, 351 N.C. 159, 161-62, 522 S.E.2d
577, 579 (1999) (citations omitted). No Rule 54 certification is reflected in the record, and Plaintiff
nowhere argues that the trial court’s denial of his Motion to Amend affected a substantial right within
the meaning of N.C. Gen. Stat. §§ 1-277 or 7A-27.

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                      MANLEY V. MAPLE GROVE NURSING HOME

                                   Opinion of the Court



      Plaintiff gained the right to appeal from prior interlocutory orders in the case

(such as the 13 January 2017 order) once the 23 October 2018 order granting

Defendants summary judgment was entered, as the 23 October 2018 order disposed

of the case entirely and left nothing to be judicially determined by the trial court. See

Love v. Moore, 305 N.C. 575, 578, 291 S.E.2d 141, 144 (1982) (“An interlocutory decree

. . . is reviewable only on appropriate exception upon an appeal from the final

judgment in the cause.”); N.C. Gen. Stat. § 1-278 (2018) (“Upon an appeal from a

[final] judgment, the court may review any intermediate order involving the merits

and necessarily affecting the judgment.”).        But in order to properly appeal an

interlocutory order, an appellant must designate both the interlocutory order and the

final judgment rendering the interlocutory order reviewable in its notice of appeal,

since “the appellate court obtains jurisdiction only over the rulings specifically

designated in the notice of appeal as the ones from which the appeal is being taken.”

Chee v. Estes, 117 N.C. App. 450, 452, 451 S.E.2d 349, 350 (1994).

      Plaintiff did not designate the 23 October 2018 order in his Notice of Appeal,

which is a jurisdictional deficiency requiring dismissal of his appeal. See Dogwood

Dev. & Mgmt. Co., LLC v. White Oak Transp. Co., 362 N.C. 191, 197, 657 S.E.2d 361,

365 (2008) (“A jurisdictional default . . . precludes the appellate court from acting in

any manner other than to dismiss the appeal.”); Von Ramm v. Von Ramm, 99 N.C.




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                      MANLEY V. MAPLE GROVE NURSING HOME

                                   Opinion of the Court



App. 153, 156, 392 S.E.2d 422, 424 (1990) (“Without proper notice of appeal, this

Court acquires no jurisdiction.” (quotation marks and citation omitted)).

       This Court has said that “a mistake in designating the judgment, or in

designating the part appealed from if only a part is designated, should not result in

loss of the appeal as long as the intent to appeal from a specific judgment can be fairly

inferred from the notice and the appellee is not misled by the mistake.” Von Ramm,

99 N.C. App. at 156-57, 392 S.E.2d at 424 (emphasis in original) (quotation marks

and citation omitted).     But as in Von Ramm—where this Court held that a

defendant’s notice of appeal from an order denying his motion to set aside a final

judgment did not allow the Court to fairly infer that defendant also intended to appeal

the underlying judgment—we hold that an intent to appeal from the 23 October 2018

order cannot be fairly inferred from Plaintiff’s Notice of Appeal. Id.

       We accordingly conclude that we have not acquired jurisdiction to hear

Plaintiff’s appeal.

                                  III.   Conclusion

       Because Plaintiff failed to comply with Appellate Rule 3 as required, we have

no jurisdiction to hear Plaintiff’s appeal. We thus dismiss Plaintiff’s appeal.

       DISMISSED.

       Judges STROUD and ARROWOOD concur.




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