                                                                            FILED
                           NOT FOR PUBLICATION
                                                                             FEB 23 2017
                    UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS                       MOLLY C. DWYER, CLERK
                                                                          U.S. COURT OF APPEALS


                            FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT


JUSTIN MAGHEN, Individually and on               No.   15-55684
Behalf of All Others Similarly Situated,
                                                 D.C. No.
              Plaintiff-counter-                 2:14-cv-03840-DMG-FFM
              defendant-Appellant,

 v.                                              MEMORANDUM*

QUICKEN LOANS INC.,

              Defendant-counter-claimant-
              Appellee.



JUSTIN MAGHEN, Individually and on               No.   15-55892
Behalf of All Others Similarly Situated,
                                                 D.C. No.
              Plaintiff-counter-                 2:14-cv-03840-DMG-FFM
              defendant-Appellee,

 v.

QUICKEN LOANS INC.,

              Defendant-counter-claimant-
              Appellant.




      *
             This disposition is not appropriate for publication and is not precedent
except as provided by Ninth Circuit Rule 36-3.
                    Appeal from the United States District Court
                       for the Central District of California
                      Dolly M. Gee, District Judge, Presiding

                          Submitted February 17, 2017**
                              Pasadena, California

Before: TALLMAN and N.R. SMITH, Circuit Judges, and MURPHY,*** District
Judge.

      Justin Maghen appeals the district court’s ruling that Quicken Loans did not

violate California Penal Code section 632.7(a) when it recorded two calls with

Maghen on February 4, 2014, because Maghen consented to having the calls

recorded. Quicken Loans appeals the district court’s partial denial of its motion for

summary judgment on its counterclaim, which sought a declaration that calls made

for “service-observing” purposes are exempt from section 632.7(a). We have

jurisdiction under 28 U.S.C. § 1291, and we affirm.

      We affirm the district court’s grant of Quicken Loans’ motion for summary

judgment on the sole claim in Maghen’s complaint. Maghen did consent to having

Quicken Loans record the calls. We also affirm the district court’s grant of

Quicken Loans’ motion for summary judgment on Quicken Loans’ counterclaim,


      **
             The panel unanimously concludes this case is suitable for decision
without oral argument. See Fed. R. App. P. 34(a)(2).
      ***
             The Honorable Stephen Joseph Murphy III, United States District
Judge for the Eastern District of Michigan, sitting by designation.
                                          2
to the extent it sought a declaration that Maghen consented to having the calls

recorded. We dismiss the remainder of Quicken Loans’ counterclaim as moot.

      1. Quicken Loans did not violate section 632.7(a), because Maghen

consented to having the February 4, 2014 calls recorded. California Penal Code

section 632.7(a) punishes, “[e]very person who, without the consent of all parties

to a communication, intercepts or receives and intentionally records . . . a

communication” in which at least one party is using a “cellular radio telephone” or

a “cordless telephone.” The plain language of the statute makes clear that, if all

parties to the call consent to having the call recorded, the recording party does not

violate section 632.7(a). “A business that adequately advises all parties to a

telephone call, at the outset of the conversation, of its intent to record the call

[does] not violate [section 632.7(a)].” Kearney v. Salomon Smith Barney, Inc., 137

P.3d 914, 930 (Cal. 2006).

      Maghen admits that he agreed to LendingTree’s Terms of Use and that the

Terms of Use stated that one of LendingTree’s “200 Network Lenders” may

contact him by phone on a recorded line. When the Quicken Loans employee

called Maghen, he immediately informed Maghen that he worked for Quicken

Loans and was calling about the refinancing inquiry Maghen had recently

submitted online. This information put Maghen on notice that Quicken Loans was


                                            3
one of LendingTree’s Network Lenders, and that the call might be recorded, “at the

outset of the conversation.” See id. By staying on the line after learning this

information, Maghen demonstrated that he consented to having the calls recorded.

      Moreover, during the first call, the Quicken Loans employee informed

Maghen that “all of [Quicken Loans’] calls are recorded for quality assurance.”

Maghen replied by saying, “Okay.” Thus, Maghen was informed, “at the outset of

the conversation, of [Quicken Loans’] intent to record the call,” see id., and

demonstrated his consent to having the call recorded by saying, “Okay.” Maghen

also consented to having the second call recorded, because he was informed during

the first call that all of Quicken Loans’ calls were recorded, he knew Quicken

Loans was the party calling him, and he stayed on the line.1

      2. The remainder of Quicken Loans’ counterclaim is dismissed as moot. “A

case becomes moot—and therefore no longer a ‘Case’ or ‘Controversy’ for

purposes of Article III—‘when the issues presented are no longer “live” or the

parties lack a legally cognizable interest in the outcome.’” Already, LLC v. Nike,

Inc., 133 S. Ct. 721, 726–27 (2013) (quoting Murphy v. Hunt, 455 U.S. 478, 481

(1982)). Because Maghen consented to having the February 4, 2014 calls


      1
       Because we conclude Maghen consented to having the phone calls
recorded, we need not reach Quicken Loans’ alternative argument that section
632.7 applies only to third parties to a call, and not to known parties to a call.
                                           4
recorded, there is no longer a dispute over whether Quicken Loans violated section

632.7(a). Therefore, Quicken Loans no longer has a legally cognizable interest in

its counterclaim, which asks us to declare that section 632.7(a) does not apply to

calls made for “service-observing” purposes.2 Where there is no longer an actual

controversy between the parties, such a declaration would be an advisory opinion,

which the Constitution does not empower federal courts to issue. Golden v.

Zwickler, 394 U.S. 103, 108 (1969).

      Each party shall bear its own costs on appeal.

      AFFIRMED.




      2
        This is not a case where the “capable of repetition, yet evading review”
exception applies, because this is not a controversy that is of “inherently limited
duration.” Protectmarriage.com-Yes on 8 v. Bowen, 752 F.3d 827, 836–37 (9th
Cir. 2014) (citations omitted). Even if this question has thus far evaded review,
“there is no risk that future repetitions of the controversy will necessarily evade
review as well.” Id. at 837.
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