                                              COURT OF APPEALS OF VIRGINIA


              Present: Judges Petty, Chafin and Senior Judge Annunziata
UNPUBLISHED



              MILFORD WASHINGTON
                                                                                    MEMORANDUM OPINION*
              v.      Record No. 1221-14-3                                              PER CURIAM
                                                                                      DECEMBER 30, 2014
              FAYE DENISE LUCAS


                                    FROM THE CIRCUIT COURT OF AUGUSTA COUNTY
                                                Victor V. Ludwig, Judge

                                (Milford Washington, pro se, on brief). Appellant submitting on
                                brief.

                                No brief for appellee.


                      Milford Washington appeals an order dismissing his “Petition for Separate Maintenance and

              Transitional Support.” Washington argues that the circuit court erred by (1) finding that it did not

              have jurisdiction to hear his petition for separate maintenance; (2) ruling that his “pleadings failed to

              articulate a specific separation date;” (3) ruling that his “claims for separate maintenance were not

              liquidated and that he claimed no specific amount of support;” and (4) basing its “jurisdictional

              decision upon the long arm statute, rather than the Uniform Interstate Family Support Act.”

              Assuming without deciding that Washington preserved his arguments, this Court concludes that the

              circuit court did not err. Accordingly, the decision of the circuit court is affirmed.

                                                         BACKGROUND

                      Washington and Faye Denise Lucas were married on December 15, 2004, while

              Washington was incarcerated in Virginia. He has remained incarcerated throughout their marriage.

              Lucas is a resident of Maryland. In 2006, Lucas filed for divorce in Maryland, but the Maryland

                      *
                          Pursuant to Code § 17.1-413, this opinion is not designated for publication.
court dismissed the case because of lack of service. In 2013, Washington filed a “Petition for

Separate Maintenance and Transitional Support” in Augusta County, Virginia. Washington asked

the circuit court to order Lucas to pay him “separate maintenance and transitional support” and give

him, pursuant to Code § 20-107.3, a “lump sum award as to property of [Lucas].” Lucas was

personally served with Washington’s petition in Maryland, where she is a resident. She did not

make an appearance in Virginia. Upon receiving no response from Lucas, Washington made a

motion for default judgment.

       On February 28, 2014, the circuit court issued a letter opinion. The circuit court determined

that Washington’s pleadings did not establish that Lucas ever resided in Virginia or that a

“matrimonial residence was ever established anywhere, much less that one was established in

Virginia.” Therefore, the circuit court held that it lacked personal jurisdiction over Lucas as

required by Code § 8.01-328.1(A)(9). On March 25, 2014, the circuit court entered an order

dismissing the matter. This appeal followed.

                                             ANALYSIS

       Washington argues that the circuit court erred in determining that it did not have personal

jurisdiction over Lucas. Washington acknowledges that Lucas is a resident of Maryland and has

resided there throughout their marriage. He does not allege that they had a matrimonial domicile in

Virginia because he has been incarcerated in Virginia since they were married.

       Code § 8.01-328.1(A)(9) defines how a circuit court may obtain jurisdiction over a

non-resident in a suit for divorce or separate maintenance.

               A court may exercise personal jurisdiction over a person, who acts
               directly or by an agent, as to a cause of action arising from the
               person’s:

                                 *     *     *     *     *     *     *

               Having maintained within this Commonwealth a matrimonial
               domicile at the time of separation of the parties upon which

                                                 -2-
               grounds for divorce or separate maintenance is based, or at the
               time a cause of action arose for divorce or separate maintenance or
               at the time of commencement of such suit, if the other party to the
               matrimonial relationship resides herein . . . .

Code § 8.01-328.1(A)(9).

       In order to adjudicate support issues, a circuit court needs to have in personam jurisdiction

over the parties. Cabaniss v. Cabaniss, 46 Va. App. 595, 602, 620 S.E.2d 559, 562 (2005); see also

Price v. Price, 17 Va. App. 105, 435 S.E.2d 652 (1993); Hayes v. Hayes, 3 Va. App. 499, 505, 351

S.E.2d 590, 593 (1986). A court may obtain personal jurisdiction over a non-resident through the

use of Virginia’s long-arm statute, Code § 8.01-328.1. Cabaniss, 46 Va. App. at 601, 620 S.E.2d at

561. “‘The purpose of our “long arm statute” is to assert jurisdiction, to the extent permissible

under the Due Process Clause of the Constitution of the United States, over nonresidents who

engage in some purposeful activity in Virginia.’” Bergaust v. Flaherty, 57 Va. App. 423, 429, 703

S.E.2d 248, 251 (2011) (quoting Danville Plywood Corp. v. Plain & Fancy Kitchens, Inc., 218 Va.

533, 534, 238 S.E.2d 800, 802 (1977)). “In adopting Code § 8.01-328.1, ‘the legislature evinced a

policy of extending the jurisdiction of its courts to the maximum extent permitted’ by due process.”

Id. at 430, 703 S.E.2d at 251 (quoting Caldwell v. Seaboard S. R., Inc., 238 Va. 148, 153, 380

S.E.2d 910, 912 (1989)).

       Lucas was personally served in Maryland and is a legal resident of Maryland. She never

made an appearance in this case. The parties never established a matrimonial domicile in Virginia.1

Therefore, the trial court did not err in concluding that pursuant to Code § 8.01-328.1(A)(9), it did




       1
         Matrimonial domicile has been defined as “[a] domicile that a husband and wife, as a
married couple, have established as their home.” Black’s Law Dictionary 593 (10th ed. 2009);
see also Harrison v. Harrison, 58 Va. App. 90, 102, 706 S.E.2d 905, 911-12 (2011).

                                                 -3-
not have personal jurisdiction over Lucas to adjudicate Washington’s petition for separate

maintenance.2

                                          CONCLUSION

       For the foregoing reasons, the trial court’s ruling is affirmed.

                                                                                             Affirmed.




       2
         Considering the holding in this case, this Court does not need to address Washington’s
other assignments of error. See Kilby v. Culpeper Cnty. Dep’t of Soc. Servs., 55 Va. App. 106,
108 n.1, 684 S.E.2d 219, 220 n.1 (2009) (internal quotations and citations omitted) (“an appellate
court decides cases on the best and narrowest ground available”).
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