                              NOT FOR PUBLICATION                        FILED
                    UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS                        JAN 15 2019
                                                                      MOLLY C. DWYER, CLERK
                                                                       U.S. COURT OF APPEALS
                              FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT

GURPARTAP SINGH,                                No.    16-73500

                Petitioner,                     Agency No. A200-943-733

 v.
                                                MEMORANDUM*
MATTHEW G. WHITAKER, Acting
Attorney General,

                Respondent.

                     On Petition for Review of an Order of the
                         Board of Immigration Appeals

                    Argued and Submitted December 18, 2018
                            San Francisco, California

Before: M. SMITH and NGUYEN, Circuit Judges, and RESTANI,** Judge.

      Petitioner Gurpartap Singh, a native and citizen of India, appeals the denial

of his application for asylum, withholding of removal, and relief under the

Convention Against Torture (“CAT”). We have jurisdiction under 8 U.S.C. § 1252

(a)(1) and deny the petition because substantial evidence supports the Board of


      *
             This disposition is not appropriate for publication and is not precedent
except as provided by Ninth Circuit Rule 36-3.
      **
             The Honorable Jane A. Restani, Judge for the United States Court of
International Trade, sitting by designation.
Immigration Appeals’ (“BIA”) decision.

      The BIA found Singh’s explanations not credible on the basis of several

discrepancies and omissions. Credibility decisions are made based on the totality

of the circumstances under 8 U.S.C. § 1158(b)(1)(B)(iii) and are reviewed for

substantial evidence. Soto-Olarte v. Holder, 555 F.3d 1089, 1091 (9th Cir. 2009)

(specifying the substantial evidence review standard for adverse credibility

decisions).

      Substantial evidence supports the BIA’s determination that Singh’s

testimony is not credible. Although inconsistencies with his documentation may be

insufficient to negatively impact his asylum claim on their own, Singh’s failure to

mention his arrest and beatings by police during his credible fear interview in

conjunction with these documentation issues, although borderline, is sufficient to

support the BIA’s adverse credibility determination. Our precedent acknowledges

that differences in testimony given during an informal proceeding and a removal

hearing are not enough to sustain an adverse credibility determination. See Joseph

v. Holder, 600 F.3d 1235, 1242–43 (9th Cir. 2010) (finding an adverse credibility

determination unsupported by substantial evidence when based on differences

between testimony given in a bond hearing and removal hearing). Various

procedural safeguards, however, were in place during the credible fear interview

such that Singh’s failure to mention the overnight detention and altercations with


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the police is a significant omission. See Red Br. at 29–30.

      Because Singh is unable to show that he is eligible for asylum, it follows that

he cannot meet the higher standard for withholding of removal. See 8 C.F.R.

§ 208.16(b); see also Kalmalthas v. INS, 251 F.3d 1279, 1283 (9th Cir. 2001)

(holding that a petitioner must show that he is more likely than not to be persecuted

on account of a protected ground to be eligible for withholding of removal).

      Singh is not entitled to CAT relief because he failed to show that it is more

likely than not that he would be tortured if returned to India. Substantial evidence

supports the BIA’s conclusion that nothing in the record satisfies this standard.

Without credible testimony, neither the country reports nor statements from friends

and family members support the inference that his risk of facing torture in India is

more likely than not.

             PETITION DENIED.




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