                        COURT OF APPEALS
                         SECOND DISTRICT OF TEXAS
                              FORT WORTH

                             NO. 02-18-00070-CV


ADRIANO KRUEL BUDRI                                                 APPELLANT

                                       V.

DANIEL M. HUMPHREYS                                                  APPELLEE

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          FROM COUNTY COURT AT LAW NO. 1 OF TARRANT COUNTY
                    TRIAL COURT NO. 2017-007958-1

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                        MEMORANDUM OPINION1

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                                I. INTRODUCTION

      Pro se appellant Adriano Kruel Budri raises twelve issues primarily

challenging the trial court’s final order dismissing his lawsuit against Appellee

Daniel M. Humphreys under the Texas Citizens Participation Act (TCPA) and

awarding Humphreys $6,819.00 in attorney’s fees. We will affirm.


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       See Tex. R. App. P. 47.4.
                   II. FACTUAL AND PROCEDURAL BACKGROUND

      For twenty-seven days in January 2017, Budri worked as a truck driver for

FirstFleet, Inc.   Humphreys was his supervisor.      On February 17, 2017,

Humphreys sent an e-mail recommending Budri be dismissed based on multiple

customer complaints, safety concerns, and serious company policy violations.

FirstFleet terminated Budri’s employment; and Budri filed the underlying lawsuit

asserting claims against Humphreys for libel and defamation based on

Humphreys’s February 17 e-mail. Humphreys filed a motion to dismiss pursuant

to the TCPA and it was set for a hearing on January 19, 2018.2 Humphreys’s

counsel notified Budri of the scheduled hearing.

      On January 12, 2018, Budri filed an amended petition purportedly

asserting a new claim for fraud arising out of the same operative facts; and on

January 17, 2018, he filed a motion to postpone or continue the January 19

hearing.   The motion to postpone was not supported by an affidavit, did not

include a certificate of conference, and did not provide any specific reason why

Budri could not appear on January 19, 2018, but only requested postponement

“for incompatibility of the day and time scheduled to appear at the courtroom as

Plaintiff Self-represented Litigant Pro Se.”




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       Under the TCPA, a motion to dismiss must be set for a hearing no later
than sixty days after service of the motion. See Tex. Civ. Prac. & Rem. Code
Ann. § 27.004(a) (West 2015).

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        The trial court held the January 19, 2018 hearing on Humphreys’s motion

to dismiss. Budri did not appear at the hearing. The trial court first addressed

the motion to postpone and stated on the record that it was denied because

Budri had not provided any reason for the postponement. Humphreys’s counsel

confirmed that notice of the hearing had been provided to Budri, briefly argued

the motion to dismiss, and presented an affidavit and billing statement as

evidence of $6,819.00 in reasonable attorney’s fees.

        The trial court signed a January 19, 2018 order denying Budri’s motion to

postpone in part because “it failed to comply with [applicable] state and local

rules.” The order awarded Humphreys his “reasonable attorneys’ fees” incurred

in responding to and defending against “the motion to postpone,” ordered

Humphreys to submit “an amount of reasonable attorneys’ fees for which [he

sought] reimbursement” within five days, and provided that Budri could challenge

the reasonableness of such fees within five days of their submission. The trial

court also signed a second order on January 19, 2018, granting Humphreys’s

TCPA motion to dismiss, dismissing Budri’s claims and causes of action against

Humphreys with prejudice, and awarding Humphreys $6,819.00 in attorney’s

fees.

        Budri subsequently filed numerous postjudgment motions. But none of

them challenged the reasonableness of the amount of $6,819.00 for attorney’s

fees awarded to Humphreys.        Two of Budri’s postjudgment motions globally

assert that the dismissal order should not have awarded “any kind of the

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defendant’s attorney’s fees.” The trial court conducted a February 20, 2018,

hearing on all of Budri’s postjudgment motions; the hearing was not recorded or

transcribed; and it does not appear from our review of the record that Budri

requested a court reporter. The trial court signed an order denying all of Budri’s

postjudgment motions. Budri perfected this this appeal.

      While this appeal has been pending, Budri has filed nine motions for

judicial notice, which we have denied, and he has filed a motion for sanctions

against Humphreys’s counsel, which we have denied.

                        III. DISPOSITION OF BUDRI’S ISSUES

      In his fourth issue, Budri claims that “the trial court erred by failing to

continue the trial / Motion to dismiss despite the timely request via ‘Motion to

Postpone.’” Because Budri’s motion to postpone was not verified or supported

by an affidavit and because it did not state any reason demonstrating the need

for a continuance, the trial court did not abuse its discretion by denying it. See

Tex. R. Civ. P. 251; see also, e.g., Hartwell v. Lone Star, PCA, 528 S.W.3d 750,

758 (Tex. App.—Texarkana 2017, pet. abated) (recognizing “[a] lack of diligence

on the part of a party or its attorney is sufficient grounds for denying a motion for

a continuance” and overruling appeal of denial of motion for continuance); Davis

v. Davis, No. 2-00-436-CV, 2003 WL 1564824, at *5 (Tex. App.—Fort Worth Mar.

27, 2003, no pet.) (mem. op.) (affirming denial of motion for continuance when

used solely for delay); Arvedson v. Luby, 498 S.W.2d 253, 257 (Tex. Civ. App.—

Austin 1973, no writ) (holding no abuse of discretion when trial court denied an

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application for continuance that “was neither verified nor supported by affidavit”

as required by rule 251 because “[b]efore the trial court may exercise its

discretion there must be a motion presented in conformity with Rule 251”). We

overrule Budri’s fourth issue.

      In his fifth issue, Budri claims that “[t]he trial court erred in granting

Defendant’s Motion to Dismiss pursuant to the Texas Citizens Participation Act.”

Budri argues that Humphreys’s e-mail is a private e-mail communication between

business associates not involving a matter of public concern and that the TCPA

is inapplicable for this reason. The TCPA’s right-of-free-speech prong, however,

limits its scope to communications involving a public subject, not to

communications made in a public form.         See ExxonMobil Pipeline Co. v.

Coleman, 512 S.W.3d 895 (Tex. 2017) (acknowledging previous holding that

“when construing the TCPA’s ‘right of free speech’ prong, ‘the plain language of

the Act merely limits its scope to communications involving a public subject—not

communications in a public forum.’”) quoting Lippincott v. Whisenhunt, 462

S.W.3d 507, 508 (Tex. 2015))); see also Cavin v. Abbott, 545 S.W.3d 47, 62

(Tex. App.—Austin 2017, no pet.) (same). The allegedly defamatory statements

in Humphreys’s e-mail concerned, in part, incidents in which Budri drove a

delivery truck with a flat tire on a public road and refused to wait for a tire

repairman called by FirstFleet and in which Budri failed to report a delivery

accident when the door of his delivery truck was torn off and continued to drive

the damaged truck on public roads.       Budri was delivering goods for public

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consumption during these incidents. Thus, the allegedly defamatory statements

were communications related to health or safety; community well-being; and a

good, product, or service in the marketplace. See Tex. Civ. Prac. & Rem. Code

Ann. § 27.005 (West 2015); ExxonMobil Pipeline Co., 512 S.W.3d at 900

(explaining private statements between employee’s supervisor and company

investigator that led to employee’s termination fell within ambit of TCPA because

TCPA “does not require that the statements specifically ‘mention’ health, safety,

environmental, or economic concerns, nor does it require more than a ‘tangential

relationship’ to the same; rather, TCPA applicability requires only that the

defendant's statements are ‘in connection with’ ‘issue[s] related to’ health, safety,

environmental, economic, and other identified matters of public concern chosen

by the Legislature”). We overrule Budri’s fifth issue.

      Budri’s first, second, and third issues assert, in order,

      (1) There is no statute that provides for attorneys’ fees in an action
      for defamation;

      (2) The trial court erred by order of attorney fees unrelated to this
      cause of action only on the basis on affidavit of attorney without
      affording response from plaintiff; and

      (3) The trial court erred by issuing two separate conflicting orders of
      attorney fees on 01/19/2018.

      Concerning Budri’s first issue contending that no statute provides for

attorney’s fees for defamation, the TCPA provides for an award of attorney’s fees

when the trial court orders dismissal of a legal action under the TCPA. See Tex.



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Civ. Prac. & Rem. Code Ann. § 27.009(a)(1) (West 2015). We overrule Budri’s

first issue.

       Concerning Budri’s second issue, although Budri filed, by our count, eight

postjudgment motions, he did not provide a counteraffidavit or otherwise

challenge the reasonableness of the $6,819.00 attorney’s fees award. Thus, to

the extent Budri’s second issue challenges the reasonableness of the award,

such a complaint is not preserved for our review. See McCulloch v. Brewster

Cty., 391 S.W.3d 612, 619 (Tex. App.—El Paso 2012, no pet.) (“Appellants did

not object or file any post-judgment motions to the untimeliness of the attorney’s

fees affidavit or to the trial court’s attorney’s fees award; therefore, Appellants

have not preserved this complaint for appeal.”).          Instead, Budri’s global

assertions challenging the award of attorney’s fees appear to be directly

connected to the purportedly improper dismissal of his lawsuit. Thus, having

held above that the trial court did not err in granting Humphreys’s TCPA motion

to dismiss, we overrule Budri’s second issue. See Sullivan v. Abraham, 488

S.W.3d 294, 299 (Tex. 2016) (“[T]he TCPA requires an award of ‘reasonable

attorney’s fees’ to the successful movant.”).

       Concerning Budri’s third issue, the record reflects that the two orders the

trial court signed on January 19, 2018, are an “Order Denying Plaintiff’s Motion to

Postpone Hearing” and an “Order Granting Defendant’s Motion to Dismiss

Pursuant to the Texas Citizens Participation Act.” Budri does not explain how



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these two orders conflict and no conflict is apparent to us. We overrule Budri’s

third issue.

      In his sixth issue, Budri contends that “[t]he trial court erred in NOT finding

common-law fraud for the reason there is evidence in the record to support a

finding that appellee made representations.”       Budri’s briefing on this issue,

however, references defamation per se and not common-law fraud. Moreover,

our review of Budri’s amended pleading indicates that whatever label he places

on his cause of action, he is seeking defamation damages. It is well established

that the treatment of claims under Texas law focuses on the true nature of

disputes rather than on allowing artful pleading to gain favorable redress under

the law. See Baylor Univ. v. Sonnichsen, 221 S.W.3d 632, 636 (Tex. 2007);

Ambulatory Infusion Therapy Specialist, Inc. v. N. Am. Adm’rs, Inc., 262 S.W.3d

107, 112 (Tex. App.––Houston [1st Dist.] 2008, no pet.). We overrule Budri’s

sixth issue.

      In his seventh issue, Budri argues that “[t]he trial court erred in denying

(02) two amendments of Complaint.” Although the record reflects that Budri filed

an amended petition, he cites no place in the record showing that the trial court

struck or refused to consider the amended petition.         To the extent Budri’s

seventh issue relates to a not-ruled-upon motion for leave and a second

amended petition he filed on February 12, 2018—several weeks after the

January 19, 2018 final judgment, that petition asserted a new claim for retaliatory

discharge. Thus, the trial court would have acted within its discretion by denying

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that amendment. See Greenhalgh v. Serv. Lloyds Ins. Co., 787 S.W.2d 938, 940

(Tex. 1990) (explaining trial court possesses discretion to deny leave to file

postjudgment pleading amendment asserting a new cause of action as

prejudicial on its face). We overrule Budri’s seventh issue.

      In his eighth issue, Budri complains that “[t]he trial court erred in allowing

and admitting character evidence of appellant.” In support of this issue, Budri

argues that “appellee’s attorney misinformed the Trial Court about character of

Appellant as vexatious litigant and twisted the facts about this litigation and

issues.” Budri does not point us to, and we have not located, anywhere in the

record that evidence concerning Budri’s character was admitted or relied on by

the trial court. In a civil case, we have no duty, or even the right, to perform an

independent review of the record in order to determine whether there was error

and fashion a legal argument for an appellant. See Canton-Carter v. Baylor Coll.

of Med., 271 S.W.3d 928, 931–32 (Tex. App.—Houston [14th Dist.] 2008, no

pet.). We overrule Budri’s eighth issue.

      In his ninth issue, Budri argues that “[t]he trial court denied due to process

of law.” Budri broadly claims that he was deprived of due process of law and

asserts violations of his Fifth and Seventh Amendment rights, the open courts

provision of the Texas Constitution, and the Texas Code of Judicial Conduct.

The focus of these allegations––made without record citations––appears to be

on the trial court’s denial of his motion for postponement of the dismissal hearing.

To the extent Budri preserved these arguments, because we have held that the

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trial court did not abuse its discretion by denying Budri’s motion for

postponement of the TCPA dismissal hearing, we overrule his ninth issue.

      In his tenth issue, Budri asserts that “[t]he trial court erred in denying all the

post judgment motions.” The crux of Budri’s argument under this issue is that

“Appellant wanted to show up (02) two forensic document examination reports

prepared and notarized by one signature’s expert witness and proving the fraud

occurred during the on boarding employment process and of which the defendant

is accomplice of one workplace scan conspiracy against the plaintiff.” Budri does

not cite where in the record these “forensic documents” might be located, and we

have not located them in our review of the record. Because we have no duty, or

even the right, to perform an independent review of the record in order to

determine whether there was error to fashion a legal argument for an appellant,

we overrule Budri’s tenth issue. Canton-Carter, 271 S.W.3d at 931–32.

      In his eleventh issue, Budri alleges that “[Humphreys] is a felony [sic]

convicted by the State of Texas.” This is proof, Budri argues, that Humphreys

does not have credibility or good character. The trial court dismissed Budri’s

claim under the TCPA; we cannot discern the relevance at this point in the

litigation of any purported criminal history of any of the litigants, nor does it

appear that Budri raised this alleged error in the trial court. We overrule Budri’s

eleventh issue.

      Finally, in his twelfth issue, Budri contends that “Appellant is entitled to a

new trial as reporter lost record of 02/20/2018.”             The record, however,

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demonstrates that no court reporter took a record for the February 20, 2018

hearing, so there is no lost reporter’s record. Thus, Budri is not entitled to a new

trial based on a lost reporter’s record. See Haase v. Abraham, Watkins, Nichols,

Sorrels, Agosto & Friend, L.L.P., 499 S.W.3d 169, 179 (Tex. App.—Houston

[14th Dist.] 2016, pet. denied) (explaining appellant not entitled to new trial when

“[t]he court reporter indicated that there is no record of the hearing” and appellant

“ha[d] not provided any evidence that the court reporter made a record of the

hearing and afterward the record was lost or destroyed”). We overrule Budri’s

twelfth issue.

                                 IV. CONCLUSION

      Having overruled each of Budri’s twelve issues, we affirm the trial court’s

judgment.

                                                    /s/ Sue Walker
                                                    SUE WALKER
                                                    JUSTICE

PANEL: WALKER, GABRIEL, and KERR, JJ.

DELIVERED: August 9, 2018




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