                                                                       FILED
                                                                   JANUARY 26, 2017
                                                                In the Office of the Clerk of Court
                                                              WA State Court of Appeals, Division III




         IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF THE STATE OF WASHINGTON
                            DIVISION THREE

In the Matter of the Guardianship of           )
                                               )      No. 32206-8-111
JAMES DONALD CUDMORE.                          )
                                               )
                                               )      UNPUBLISHED OPINION
                                               )

       SIDDOWAY, J. -After the trial court disqualified John Bolliger as counsel for

James Donald Cudmore in this guardianship proceeding, Mr. Bolliger persisted for a time

in taking legal action, ostensibly on Mr. Cudmore's behalf. The trial court eventually

imposed CR 11 sanctions on Mr. Bolliger to compensate the guardianship estate for fees

incurred in responding to what the court found to be postdisqualification meddling by Mr.

Bolliger that lacked a basis in law or fact.

       Mr. Bolliger appeals the sanctions, which we affirm.

                     FACTS AND PROCEDURAL BACKGROUND

       Timothy Lamberson is the son of Annette Cudmore and the stepson of James

Cudmore. After his mother married Mr. Cudmore, Mr. Lamberson lived in their

household for 11 years as one of 4 stepchildren. Mr. Cudmore had been married to Mr.
No. 32206-8-111
In re Guardianship of Cudmore


Lamberson's mother for 50 years at the time this action to establish a guardianship for

Mr. Cudmore was commenced.

      Mrs. Cudmore suffered a disabling stroke in 2007 and Mr. Cudmore asked Mr.

Lamberson to take over the responsibilities of daily banking, paying bills, and managing

his and Mrs. Cudmore's health care and assisted living and nursing home expenses. To

that end, Mr. Cudmore appointed Mr. Lamberson his attorney in fact, executing a durable

power of attorney covering financial and health care decisions on January 30, 2007. He

executed a further durable power of attorney for health care on January 8, 2008.

      In 2012, Mr. Cudmore was diagnosed with dementia, which progressed thereafter.

      On July 2, 2013, Mr. Lamberson received a call from a financial advisor at

Edward D. Jones, a financial institution at which Mr. Lamberson was a joint holder of his

stepfather's accounts. The financial advisor expressed concern that Mr. Cudmore was

there with a woman and the two were inquiring about Mr. Cudmore's accounts and

beneficiaries. Mr. Lamberson recognized the woman's name as a former coworker of his

stepfather and friend of the Cudmores. 1 Mr. Lamberson immediately called his

stepfather, who admitted being with his friend but denied being at Edward D. Jones.

      The next day, Mr. Cudmore told Mr. Lamberson that his friend had taken him to a

lawyer's office to draft new estate planning documents and powers of attorney.



       1 The   friend was not accused of any wrongdoing in the guardianship proceeding.

                                             2
No. 32206-8-111
In re Guardianship of Cudmore


Concerned that Mr. Cudmore lacked capacity to take these actions and needed Mr.

Lamberson's help to manage his and Mrs. Cudmore's affairs, Mr. Lamberson consulted a

lawyer and on July 12 commenced this action to establish a guardianship. He asked to be

appointed guardian in light of what he claimed had been a positive history with his

stepfather and his familiarity with assets and expenses he had handled since 2008. An ex

parte order was issued appointing C. Wayne May to serve as guardian ad litem.

       On the eve of a hearing in the guardianship proceeding set for July 19, Mr. May

moved the court to appoint attorney Rachel Woodard to represent Mr. Cudmore. On the

same day, John Bolliger petitioned to be appointed Mr. Cudmore's attorney, informing

the court that he already represented Mr. Cudmore on estate planning matters, having had

an initial consultation with him a couple of weeks earlier, on July 2. In a seven page

declaration, Mr. Bolliger testified he had prepared new estate planning documents for Mr.

Cudmore and explained why he was confident Mr. Cudmore had the testamentary

capacity to make changes to his estate plan.

      At the hearing the next day, Mr. Lamberson's lawyer told the court that Edward D.

Jones personnel had been presented with a new power of attorney from Mr. Cudmore,

appointing Mr. Bolliger his attorney in fact. He said that Edward D. Jones personnel

threatened to interplead Mr. Cudmore's assets unless it could get an agreement about

authority from Mr. Lamberson and Mr. Bolliger or, alternatively, a court order




                                               3
No. 32206-8-111
In re Guardianship of Cudmore


identifying who could act on Mr. Cudmore's behalf. The court announced it would

appoint Mr. May to handle Mr. Cudmore's financial affairs for the time being.

       When the competing petitions for appointment of Ms. Woodard or Mr. Bolliger to

act as Mr. Cudmore's lawyer in the guardianship were addressed, Mr. Lamberson's

lawyer stated that Mr. Bolliger's appointment was not appropriate under RPC 3.7, "as

Mr. Bolliger, ifhe was not already a key witness in this case, has certainly by his actions

of his declaration become absolutely a key witness." Report of Proceedings (RP) (July

19, 2013) at 9.

       Responding, Mr. Bolliger handed the court a copy ofRCW 1 l.88.045(1)(a), which

states in part, "Alleged incapacitated individuals shall have the right to be represented by

willing counsel of their choosing at any stage in the guardianship proceedings." He told

the court, "Mr. Cudmore chooses me." RP (July 19, 2013) at 10. When the court asked

Mr. Bolliger to respond to the argument that he was a witness and could not serve under

the rules of professional conduct, Mr. Bolliger answered that any evidence he could

provide as a witness was "pretty minor," although he conceded he had prepared the new

estate planning documents and had replaced Mr. Lamberson as Mr. Cudmore's attomey-

in-fact. Id. (July 19, 2013) at 12.

       Given the opportunity to reply, Mr. Lamberson's lawyer argued, "there are times

... when the participation of a witness in a case will be so substantial that there is no way




                                             4
No. 32206-8-111
In re Guardianship of Cudmore


that they can provide effective representation .... Mr. Bolliger is not some [prescient]

witness[,] he is one of the core players." Id. (July 19, 2013) at 18.

       The court orally ruled that it would appoint Ms. Woodard to represent Mr.

Cudmore, adding, "At some point later perhaps Mr. Bolliger you might be involved I

don't know as a witness or perhaps as the attorney with other motions and briefing but at

this point I'm going to appoint Rachel Woodard." Id. (July 19, 2013) at 20. Mr. Bolliger

asked the court to indicate on its order appointing Ms. Woodard, "that you have heard

and denied my petition to have me appointed as counsel." Id. (July 19, 2013) at 21. The

trial court obliged, adding the handwritten ruling, "John Bolliger's motion for

appointment as Mr. Cudmore's counsel is denied." Clerk's Papers (CP) at 21.

       On July 22, Mr. Bolliger moved for reconsideration, renewing his request that he

be appointed to represent Mr. Cudmore. His motion repeated facts earlier offered in

support of his appointment, adding, "Mr. Bolliger is not planning to offer himself as a

witness at trial in this case-regarding Mr. Cudmore's mental capacity at any given time

(or regarding any other matter)." CP at 27. He argued that the prospect of his being a

witness is "merely speculative." CP at 30. He argued that based on RCW

11.88.045(l)(a), it was Mr. Cudmore's "unqualified right" to choose which attorney

would represent him, and Mr. Cudmore wanted Mr. Bolliger. CP at 28 (boldface in

original). Finally, he argued that the trial court had never entered the findings required to

justify disqualification. In concluding, he asked that if the court denied the motion, it

                                              5
No. 32206-8-111
In re Guardianship of Cudmore


make "the findings required by CR 54(b) for certifying this attorney disqualification issue

for immediate appeal." CP at 32. 2

       The trial court denied the motion for reconsideration on July 24. 3 Although a

lawyer can seek discretionary review of a disqualification order under RAP 2.3, e.g., In

re Estate ofBarovic, 88 Wn. App. 823, 826, 946 P.2d 1202 (1997); American States

Insurance Co. v. Nammathao, 153 Wn. App. 461,465, 220 P.3d 1283 (2009), no motion

for discretionary review was filed by Mr. Bolliger.

       The source of the sanctions that are challenged in this appeal are actions that Mr.

Bolliger took thereafter. In imposing sanctions, the trial court made the following

findings of fact as to actions taken by Mr. Bolliger after the court refused to reconsider its

ruling disqualifying him and appointing Ms. Woodard. The court found that in taking

these actions, Mr. Bolliger knew he was not a party nor did he represent one:

            4.   On August 7, 2013, Mr. Bolliger filed a note for motion docket
       scheduling a hearing for September 6, 2013 ....
            5.   On August 15, 2013, Ms. Woodard sent a letter signed by Mr.
       Cudmore to Mr. Bolliger requesting that he send a copy of Mr. Cudmore's
       file to Ms. Woodard. Mr. Bolliger refused to provide Ms. Woodard with a
       copy of Mr. Cudmore's file. On October 15, 2013, Mr. Bolliger provided·

       2
          Mr. Bolliger's request for a certification under CR 54(b) was misplaced. Simply
stated, CR 54(b) applies when a claim in multi-claim or multi-party litigation has been
concluded by a judgment that can be made final and appealed immediately without
creating problems for claims that remain unresolved in the superior court. It had no
application here.
        3
          A certificate of mailing indicates that the court's order was sent to the attorneys
of record, and to Mr. Bolliger, on that day. For reasons that are unexplained, the order
does not appear to have been filed until August 12.

                                              6
No. 32206-8-111
In re Guardianship of Cudmore


      Ms. Woodard with a copy of Mr. Cudmore's will after being provided with
      a second written request from Mr. Cudmore.
           6.    On August 29, 2013, Mr. Bolliger filed a motion and
      memorandum seeking to have Mr. Cudmore testify, to strike the
      appointment of Ms. Woodard as Mr. Cudmore's attorney, or to certify the
      matter for appeal. . . .
           7.    On September 5, 2013, Mr. Lamberson filed a memorandum
      opposing the August 29, 2013 motion filed by Mr. Bolliger. Mr. Bolliger
      was on notice that his August 29, 2013 filing was potentially sanctionable
      by Mr. Lamberson's opposition memorandum requesting CR 11 sanctions
      against Mr. Bolliger.
           8.    On September 5, 2013, the Court struck the hearing noted by Mr.
      Bolliger for September 6, 2013. On September 6, 2013, Mr. Bolliger re-
      noted a hearing on the same motions for September 13, 2013 ....
           9.    On September 9, 2013, Mr. Lamberson's attorney filed a
      declaration seeking to strike the hearing set by Mr. Bolliger. Mr. Bolliger
      was on notice that his September 6, 2013 filing was potentially sanctionable
      by the declaration of Mr. Lamberson's attorney seeking to strike the
      hearing and also requested fees be imposed against Mr. Bolliger for the
      filing. The Court struck the hearing in question.
           10. On September 9, 2013, Mr. Bolliger issued subpoena duces
      tecums to HAPO Community Credit Union and Edward Jones seeking Mr.
      Cudmore's account records ....
           11.    Mr. Bolliger was on notice that his issuance of subpoenas was
      potentially sanctionable by the declaration of Mr. Lamberson's attorney
      submitted in support of the motion seeking to quash the subpoenas which
      requested the Court award terms against Mr. Bolliger for the frivolous
      issuance of invalid subpoenas.

CP at 935-36.

      On December 13, 2013, as the guardianship proceeding moved toward

completion, Mr. Lamberson, who would later be appointed to serve as full guardian of

Mr. Cudmore's person and estate, moved for an order to show cause why the court

should not impose CR 11 sanctions for "Mr. Bolliger's inappropriate actions." CP at


                                           7
No. 32206-8-111
In re Guardianship of Cudmore


679. He sought to recover fees that he and the guardianship estate had incurred for his

lawyer's, Mr. May's, and Ms. Woodard's services in responding to those actions.

       The trial court conducted an initial hearing on the order to show cause on January

10, 2014. At its conclusion, the court orally granted the motion in principle. It ordered

Mr. Lamberson's lawyer, Mr. May, and Ms. Woodard to go through their billings,

identify services attributable to "intermeddling" by Mr. Bolliger after denial of his

motion for reconsideration, and file and serve their fee requests on Mr. Bolliger. RP

(Sept. 20, 2013) at 54. Following that process, the trial court conducted a second hearing,

at the conclusion of which it ordered Mr. Bolliger to pay Mr. Lamberson a total of

$9,782.75 in fees incurred by Mr. Lamberson and the estate as sanctions under CR 11.

Mr. Bolliger appeals.

                                       ANALYSIS

       CR l l(a) authorizes trial courts to impose a sanction against anyone who signs a

pleading, motion, or legal memorandum in violation of the requirement that he or she has

read the document and

       to the best of the party's or attorney's knowledge, information, and belief,
       formed after an inquiry reasonable under the circumstances: (1) it is well
       grounded in fact; (2) it is warranted by existing law or a good faith
       argument for the extension, modification, or reversal of existing law or the
       establishment of new law.

A trial court imposing CR 11 sanctions must specify the sanctionable conduct in its order.

Biggs v. Vail, 124 Wn.2d 193,201, 876 P.2d 448 (1994).


                                             8
No. 32206-8-111
In re Guardianship of Cudmore


       On review, we determine "whether the trial court's findings are supported by

substantial evidence in the record and, if so, whether those findings support the

conclusions oflaw." Snyder v. Haynes, 152 Wn. App. 774, 779, 217 P.3d 787 (2009). In

determining whether sanctions are warranted, we apply "an objective standard" to

determine "whether a reasonable attorney in like circumstances could believe his or her

actions to be factually and legally justified." Biggs, 124 Wn.2d at 197; Bryant v. Joseph

Tree, Inc., 119 Wn.2d 210,220, 829 P.2d 1099 (1992). "The decision to impose

sanctions under CR 11 is vested within the sound discretion of the trial court." Eller v. E.

Sprague Motors & R. V. 's, Inc., 159 Wn. App. 180, 189,244 P.3d 447 (2010).

"Discretion is abused when it is exercised on untenable grounds or for untenable

reasons." Id.

                l   The merit of the disqualification decision is not before us

       Before turning to Mr. Bolliger's assignments of error, we point out something that

is not before us in this appeal: the merit of the disqualification decision. Mr. Bolliger did

not seek discretionary review of the decision, which is now moot.

       Nonetheless, a theme underlying Mr. Bolliger's appeal is his view that RCW

11.88.045(1)(a), which provides that an alleged incapacitated person can hire a lawyer to

contest a guardianship proceeding, trumps a court's authority to determine whether a

lawyer is disqualified under rules of professional conduct. He provided the trial court




                                              9
No. 32206-8-III
In re Guardianship of Cudmore


with no authority for the proposition, and the court was unpersuaded. As the court

pointed out at the initial hearing on the order to show cause, the issue was not preserved:

       [Y]ou have to comply with court orders, and the court order was to appoint
       someone else as an attorney, and you had to respect that regardless of what
       you thought the law is[. Y]our remedy is to go appeal and we're all glad
       the Court of Appeals is there because sometimes we make mistakes, but
       you ignored that avenue and instead injected yourself into the case.

RP (Sept. 20, 2013) at 53. Since Mr. Bolliger did not seek discretionary review of the

trial court's disqualification order, he was obliged to abide by it.

                    11 Challenged findings offact and conclusions of law

       We address Mr. Bolliger's challenges to the trial court's findings of fact and

conclusions of law in the order in which he presents them in his opening brief.

                                          Finding 1

       Mr. Bolliger challenges the highlighted portion of finding 1: "James Cudmore, at

that point an allegedly incapacitated person, initially hired attorney John C. Bolliger to

represent him in the guardianship proceedings after previously hiring Mr. Bolliger to

prepare estate planning documents." CP at 934 (emphasis added); Br. of Appellant at 32.

He argues that the highlighted language erroneously implies that there was something

wrong with Mr. Cudmore retaining a lawyer to contest the guardianship.

       Focusing on what the finding says rather than what Mr. Bolliger argues it implies,

substantial evidence supports the highlighted language. Mr. Lamberson filed a petition

under chapter 11.88 RCW to have a guardian appointed for Mr. Cudmore. With the

                                              10
No. 32206-8-111
In re Guardianship of Cudmore


filing of that petition, Mr. Cudmore became an "alleged incapacitated person" within the

meaning of the chapter. See, e.g., RCW 11.88.030(1)(a).

       The language does not support the implication that it was improper for Mr.

Cudmore to retain a lawyer. As a matter of law, Mr. Cudmore was entitled to do just

that. See RCW 11.88.045(1)(a).

                                           Finding 2

       Mr. Bolliger next challenges the highlighted language in the following

portion of finding 2:

       On July 19, 2013, this Court granted the petition of the Guardian ad Litem
       to appoint attorney Rachel M. Woodard as Mr. Cudmore's attorney in the
       guardianship and denied Mr. Bolliger's petition to be appointed attorney for
       Mr. Cudmore because Mr. Bolliger was going to be a witness in the case.

CP at 934 (emphasis added). He characterizes the highlighted language as a conclusion

of law rather than as a finding of fact.

       The finding only addresses the basis, right or wrong, that the trial court gave for its

ruling. In that context, the highlighted language is purely factual and is supported by the

record. The trial court's concern about Mr. Bolliger being a witness was what caused it

to disqualify him. Even Mr. Bolliger, in moving for reconsideration, characterized this as

the basis for the trial court's ruling, stating, "At the hearing, the trial court did, indeed,

disqualify Mr. Bolliger from being Mr. Cudmore's attorney for this guardianship case, on

grounds of RPC 3. 7; in doing so, the trial court, too, enunciated words to the effect of


                                               11
No. 32206-8-111
In re Guardianship of Cudmore


'Mr. Bolliger might be a testifying witness in this case.'" CP at 27. The finding is

supported by the record.

                                       Finding 12

      Mr. Bolliger next challenges finding 12, which states, "On September 20, 2013,

[t]he Court quashed the subpoenas issued by Mr. Bolliger as invalid." CP at 482. Mr.

Bolliger argues that the finding does not support the imposition of sanctions because he

eventually recognized that his subpoenas omitted language required by CR 45 and he

offered to withdraw them. Thus explained, his quarrel is with the court's conclusion, not

with finding 12.

      Reading finding 12 in conjunction with findings 10 and 11, it is apparent that the

trial court imposed sanctions on Mr. Bolliger for issuing subpoenas while not an attorney

of record in the case, not because of some shortcoming in the subpoenas' form. In

granting the order quashing the subpoenas, the court said:

      I have signed the order quashing subpoenaes [sic], specifically the
      subpoenas directed to Edward Jones and HAPO, and I'm doing so on the
      merits. Mr. Bolliger-I think you called it an intermeddler. He is not an
      attorney of record for any party in this case, and the rules are clear only
      attorneys ofrecord have subpoena power in such cases.

RP (Sept. 20, 2013) at 6 (emphasis added). Substantial evidence supports finding 12 and

the findings support the conclusion that issuing the subpoenas was sanctionable.




                                            12
No. 32206-8-III
In re Guardianship of Cudmore


                                 Findings 13, 14, and 15

       Mr. Bolliger challenges findings 13, 14, and 15, which identify the amount of fees

the court found reasonably related to sanctionable conduct. The only lack of support Mr.

Bolliger alleges is that since he offered to withdraw the subpoenas, it was unreasonable

for Mr. Lamberson to proceed with $2,000 of legal effort that could have been avoided

"with a simple phone call." Br. of Appellant at 35. Mr. Lamberson argues that he

refused to accept Mr. Bolliger's proposed stipulation to withdraw the subpoenas for

defective form because it was his position Mr. Bolliger lacked authority to issue any

subpoena in the proceeding.

       Substantial evidence supports the fact that fees were incurred. Whether they were

reasonably incurred was a matter within the sound discretion of the trial court. Eller, 159

Wn. App. at 189.

                               Finding 5 and conclusion 5

       Mr. Bolliger next challenges finding 5 and conclusion 5, which deal with Mr.

Bolliger's refusal to provide a copy of Mr. Cudmore.'s will to Ms. Woodard after

receiving her August 15, 2013 request for a copy, accompanied by a supporting request

from Mr. Cudmore. Mr. Bolliger did not provide her with a copy of the will until he

received a second written request from Mr. Cudmore in October.

       Mr. Bolliger argues that he was not obliged to provide a copy of the will to Mr.

Lamberson's lawyer, but the finding does not mention Mr. Lamberson's lawyer. He also

                                            13
No. 32206-8-111
In re Guardianship of Cudmore


argues that he was never found in contempt, but the basis of sanctions was CR 11, not

contempt. Substantial evidence supports the finding that Mr. Bolliger refused to provide a

copy of the will to Ms. Woodard in response to her and Mr. Cudmore's initial written

requests. The finding supports a conclusion of sanctionable conduct.

                          Findings 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, and conclusion 6

       Next, Mr. Bolliger challenges portions of findings 3, 4, 6, 8, and 10, specifically,

their statement that Mr. Bolliger took actions knowing that his July 22, 2013 motion for

reconsideration had been denied. He takes particular issue with statements that his

"request to certify for appeal" was denied. Br. of Appellant at 37-38.

       Mr. Bolliger argues that the trial court's order denying his motion for

reconsideration was silent on his request that, if the court refused to reconsider its

decision, it enter "findings required by CR 54(b) for certifying this attorney

disqualification issue for immediate appeal." CP at 32. Mr. Bolliger argues this left him

"no choice but to re-seek that relief under ... motion-for-revision language of CR 54(b)."

Br. of Appellant at 38.

       As already observed, CR 54(b) has no possible application to the trial court's

refusal to reconsider its decision disqualifying Mr. Bolliger and appointing Ms.




                                              14
No. 32206-8-111
In re Guardianship of Cudmore


Woodard. 4 If the trial court had made the error of treating its appointment decision as

certifiable under CR 54(b), we would have dismissed the appeal. A trial court's

determination of appealability under CR 54(b) is not binding on the appellate court.

Nelbro, 101 Wn. App. at 523.

       Mr. Bolliger's sole avenue of review of the disqualification order was RAP 2.3. It

was incumbent upon him, not the court, to pursue that process. While a trial court can

provide a certification in support of discretionary review, 5 certification is discretionary

with the trial court and was not required for Mr. Bolliger to seek review.

       Mr. Bolliger called his motion a "Motion for Reconsideration." CP at 23. The

trial court entered an "Order on Motion for Reconsideration" that unequivocally stated, in

part, that the "[RI Motion for Reconsideration is hereby ... Denied lRI." CP at 45. Mr.

Bolliger argued below that lacking an explicit decision on his request for "findings

required by CR 54(b )" it was reasonable for him to repeatedly re-note his motion. The




       4
        "CR 54(b) makes an immediate appeal available in situations in which it could
be unjust to delay entering a judgment on a distinctly separate claim until the entire case
has been fully adjudicated." Nelbro Packing Co. v. Baypack Fisheries, LLC, 101 Wn.
App. 517, 522, 6 P.3d 22 (2000). It applies to multi-party or multi-claim for relief cases.
This was not such a case. No "claim for relief' was resolved by the decision appointing a
lawyer for Mr. Cudmore.
       5 The certification is provided for by the rules on appeal, not the civil rules, and

provides that the order being challenged "involves a controlling question of law as to
which there is substantial ground for a difference of opinion and that immediate review of
the order may materially advance the ultimate termination of the litigation." RAP
2.3(b)(4).

                                              15
No. 32206-8-111
In re Guardianship of Cudmore


trial court disagreed, stating that once the court clearly ruled that Mr. Bolliger was "no

longer [Mr. Cudmore's] attorney regardless of [Mr. Cudmore's] wishes" Mr. Bolliger

lacked authority to re-note anything. RP (Sept. 20, 2013) at 52-53.

       Mr. Bolliger fails to show a lack of support for the findings or that they fail to

support the conclusion.

                                            Finding 9

       Mr. Bolliger next challenges finding 9, arguing that it misleadingly implies that a

hearing he noted for September 13, 2013, was stricken based on a motion by Mr.

Lamberson's lawyer. The finding does not imply a cause and effect relationship between

a motion and the striking of the hearing.

       What the finding does say is supported by the record. Evidence demonstrates that

Mr. Lamberson's lawyer filed a declaration in support of striking the hearing or for a

continuance on September 10, 2013, 6 the declaration reminded the court that Mr. Bolliger

had not been appointed to represent Mr. Cudmore and was not an attorney or party to the

case, and the court struck the September 13, 2013 hearing.

                                 Conclusions 4, 6, 7, and 8

       Finally, Mr. Bolliger challenges conclusions 4, 6, 7, and 8 insofar as they state that

his actions were not warranted by law or fact because at the time he took them he was not


       6
        The finding states that the declaration was filed on September 9, but it was
signed on that date and filed on September 10.

                                               16
No. 32206-8-111
In re Guardianship of Cudmore


an attorney for any party. He argues that because Mr. Cudmore had a right under RCW

1l.88.045(1)(a) to retain a lawyer to contest the guardianship, Mr. Bolliger's actions on

Mr. Cudmore's behalf were warranted by fact and law.

      As already discussed, when that argument failed in the trial court and he was

disqualified, Mr. Bolliger's option was to seek discretionary review. Neither the facts nor

law supported his continuing participation in the guardianship proceeding.

                                      Ill. Attorney fees

      Both parties request attorney fees. Under RAP 18.1, we may award attorney fees

and costs on appeal if authorized by applicable law.

      Mr. Bolliger seeks fees under CR 11. "[CR 11] is intended for use in superior

court, not in the appellate court." Bldg. Indus. Ass 'n of Wash. v. McCarthy, 152 Wn.

App. 720,750,218 P.3d 196 (2009). His request is denied.

      Mr. Lamberson's request for an award of fees under CR 11 is denied for the same

reason.

      Mr. Lamberson also requests an award of fees under RAP 18.9. Under RAP

18.9(a), we "may order a party or counsel ... who ... fails to comply with these rules to

pay terms or compensatory damages to any other party who has been harmed by ... the

failure to comply."

      Mr. Lamberson first argues that Mr. Bolliger violated RAP 3.1, which provides

that "[o]nly an aggrieved party may seek review by the appellate court." But "a lawyer

                                            17
No. 32206-8-111
In re Guardianship of Cudmore


sanctioned under CR 11 is an 'aggrieved party' and may therefore seek review of the

sanctions under RAP 3.1." Splash Design, Inc. v. Lee, 104 Wn. App. 38, 44, 14 P.3d 879

(2000). RAP 3.1 was not violated.

       Mr. Lamberson argues that Mr. Bolliger also violated the rules on appeal by

failing to include a statement of issues in his statement of arrangements as required by

RAP 9.2( c ); by submitting only his own pleadings in the designation of clerk's papers in

violation of RAP 9.6; by excluding proceedings unfavorable to his position in his

statement of arrangements, violating RAP 9 .2(b )' s requirement that "[a] party should

arrange for the transcription of all those portions of the verbatim report of proceedings

necessary to present the issues raised on review"; and by exceeding page limits and

missing submission deadlines provided to him by this court in violation of RAP 17.4.

Review of the appellate record bears out Mr. Lamberson's claim of rule violations. But a

compensatory award of attorney fees under RAP 18.9(a) is available only to the extent

Mr. Lamberson can demonstrate harm from Mr. Bolliger's failure to comply.

       We grant Mr. Lamberson's request for any reasonable attorney fees he can

demonstrate were incurred because of Mr. Bolliger's rule violations. The award is

subject to his timely compliance with RAP 18.l(d).

      Affirmed.




                                             18
No. 32206-8-111
In re Guardianship of Cudmore


      A majority of the panel has determined this opinion will not be printed in the

Washington Appellate Reports, but it will be filed for public record pursuant to RCW

2.06.040.




WE CONCUR:




                                                Pennell, J.




                                           19
