                                  STATE OF VERMONT

                                 ENVIRONMENTAL COURT


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In re: Appeal of                   }
        Davine Bigelow, et al.     }      Docket No. 8-1-00 Vtec
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              Decision and Order on Motion for Partial Summary Judgment

       Appellants appealed from the December 3, 1999 decision issued by the Zoning
Administrator as a decision of the Planning Commission and Zoning Board of Adjustment
(PC/ZBA) of the Town of Danville granting a zoning permit to the Danville Rescue Squad.
Appellants are represented by Edward R. Zuccaro, Esq.; Appellee-Applicant Danville
Rescue Squad, Inc. is represented by Charles D. Hickey; the Town is represented by
Judith A. Salamandra Corso, Esq. Appellants have moved for summary judgment on the
question of whether the project requires conditional use approval, and on whether
Appellants are entitled to a trial de novo on all issues relating to the appealed permit.
       Appellee-Applicant is a Vermont not-for-profit corporation which uses volunteers to
provide emergency services to the general public in the Town of Danville and surrounding
communities. The project involves new headquarters for Appellee-Applicant, including a
garage, office space, a meeting room, storage, handicapped parking, and lighting. It is
located on Brainard Street the Medium Density Residential One zoning district and in a
Design Control district. Although the application was not provided to the Court with this
motion, Appellee-Applicant apparently applied for a conditional use permit, a subdivision
permit, a design control permit, and a variance.       The proposal apparently required
variances for the rear setback (71.6 feet where 100 feet is required); both side setbacks
(35 feet and 16 feet where 70 feet is required); and for the minimum lot size (.669 acres
where 3 acres is required).
       The document which has been presented to the Court as the Adecision@ of the
Planning Commission and Zoning Board of Adjustment is entirely inadequate. First, it is


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not signed by any members of either body. It is possible that the actual decisions were
made more adequately in the minutes of the ZBA or Planning Commission, but if such
minutes have been prepared by either body and adopted, they have not been submitted to
the Court. The so-called decision itself makes no findings whatsoever on any of the criteria
which must be found to issue a conditional use permit under '207, approve a site plan for a
project in a design control district under ''208 and 401, or grant a variance under 24
V.S.A. '4468. The subdivision regulations have not been provided, so that the Court
cannot tell what type of approval is required.
       At the last conference held in this matter, the parties informed the Court that a
revised subdivision permit application was to have been filed which would obviate the
need for the variances, but the Court has not been provided with any further information
about this application or its outcome.
       Normally, when faced with a decision of the ZBA entirely devoid of findings, this
Court has remanded it for the ZBA to address the application under the standards in the
Zoning Regulations. See, e.g., In re Appeal of Highgate Springs Protective Assn., Docket
No. 125-8-97 Vtec (Vt. Envtl. Ct., May 4, 1998). However, in the present case the parties
seem to agree that the ZBA did address the application on the record, and that it is merely
the written permit which is defective. Accordingly, the matter will be set for a hearing on
the merits of the application before this Court. That hearing is de novo in this Court.
       The proposal does not fall within any of the permitted use categories in the Medium
Density Residential One district.     It does fall within the conditional use category of
Acommercial use,@ as it is land used for the Aprovision of services.@ Appellee-Applicant
agrees that it is a conditional use, but would prefer for the proposal to be classified as a
Aquasi-public building,@ because it is a non-profit organization. The Danville Zoning Bylaw
limits the term Apublic facility@ to governmental usage, but does not define Apublic or quasi-
public building.@
       The primary purpose of the project, as the Court understands it, is to provide a
garage, offices, and meeting room for the non-profit organization which is engaged in
providing emergency services. It is not primarily a building which is open to the public, and
therefore does not fall into the category of Aquasi-public building.@ The fact that the

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organization is a non-profit one does not remove it from the definition of Acommercial@ as
that term is defined in the Danville Zoning Bylaw.        See, In re Spring Brook Farm
Foundation, 164 Vt. 282 (1995); In re Baptist Fellowship of Randolph, 144 Vt. 636 (1984).


       Accordingly, based on the foregoing, Appellants= Motion for Partial Summary
Judgment is GRANTED. The application requires (at least) a conditional use permit, and a
hearing on the merits of the application will be set to take evidence on that application. A
telephone conference will be held in this matter on August 25, 2000, to discuss whether
any other issues will be before the Court at that hearing.

       Done at Barre, Vermont, this 10th day of July, 2000.




                            _________________________________________________
                                 Merideth Wright
                                 Environmental Judge




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