[Cite as Palmer v. Bowers, 2017-Ohio-355.]


STATE OF OHIO                    )                    IN THE COURT OF APPEALS
                                 )ss:                 NINTH JUDICIAL DISTRICT
COUNTY OF LORAIN                 )

RICHARD PALMER                                        C.A. No.      15CA010836

         Appellant

         v.                                           APPEAL FROM JUDGMENT
                                                      ENTERED IN THE
ROBERT J. BOWERS, et al.                              COURT OF COMMON PLEAS
                                                      COUNTY OF LORAIN, OHIO
         Appellees                                    CASE No.   12CV178356

                                DECISION AND JOURNAL ENTRY

Dated: January 31, 2017



         CARR, Presiding Judge.

         {¶1}    Appellant Richard Palmer appeals the judgment of the Lorain County Court of

Common Pleas. This Court affirms.

                                                 I.

         {¶2}    In late 2012, Palmer filed a shareholder derivative action on behalf of

appellee/nominal defendant Hall Contracting Services, Inc. (“HCS”) against appellees Robert

and Judith Bowers.1 Palmer sought declarative and injunctive relief, as well as an accounting

and compensatory and punitive damages.           The lawsuit was premised on the following

allegations. One of two majority shareholders (Graham Hall) acquired the shares of Robert

Bowers to obtain, along with another shareholder (Robert MacKenzie) a supermajority which

allowed them to amend the Majority Shareholders Agreement without notice to or input from the

other shareholders, including Palmer. Robert Bowers then acquired Hall’s and MacKenzie’s



1
    Palmer also named as a defendant Graham Hall who is not a party to this appeal.
                                                  2


shares and claimed the titles of Chairman and CEO of HCS. At some point, Judith Bowers came

into possession of Hall’s and MacKenzie’s former shares. Over the course of the litigation,

Robert and Judith Bowers, HCS, and Hall filed their own counterclaims, cross-claims, and third-

party claims.

       {¶3}     Soon after filing his complaint, Palmer filed a motion for a temporary restraining

order wherein he requested an order prohibiting Robert and Judith Bowers from voting any HCS

stock either spouse possessed and from liquidating any company assets, requiring Robert Bowers

to preserve and return all trade secrets and confidential information taken from HCS, given his

affiliation with a competitor, and prohibiting Robert Bowers from disseminating any confidential

or proprietary information and trade secrets of HCS. At the hearing on Palmer’s motion, the

parties entered into a handwritten agreed order, signed by the court, and filed as part of the

record. The agreed order provided as follows: (1) Judith Bowers must withdraw the pending

notice of shareholder meeting and not make any further efforts or issue any further notice to vote

any shares of HCS during the pendency of the agreed order; (2) Palmer withdraws his motion for

temporary restraining order to enjoin a scheduled auction of the equipment of HCS; and (3) the

proceeds of the upcoming auction must be deposited into HCS’s general account and used

exclusively in the ordinary course of business.

       {¶4}     During the pendency of the case, the parties engaged in discovery and extensive

motion practice. Eventually, Robert and Judith Bowers filed a “motion to vacate agreed order of

November 27, 2012[,]” the issue giving rise to the instant appeal. They argued that the agreed

order should be vacated to allow Judith Bowers the ability to call a shareholders meeting and

vote her shares in order to “operate the business.” The motion invoked neither Civ.R. 60(B) nor
                                                 3


the trial court’s inherent authority, although the agreed order stated that Judith Bowers would not

attempt to vote any shares of HCS “during the pendency of this order.”

       {¶5}    Palmer filed a brief in opposition to the motion to vacate the parties’ agreed order.

He argued that vacation of the agreed order would deny him of the benefit of his bargain in

entering into the agreement. Palmer agreed to withdraw his request for an order restraining the

sale of certain HCS equipment in exchange for a restraint on Judith Bowers’ attempts to vote any

shares of HCS she may own. Based on that agreement, company equipment was sold and the

proceeds were utilized in the ordinary course of business.2 To vacate the agreed order to allow

Judith Bowers to vote her shares (which constitute a supermajority of all shares, thus

guaranteeing success of her vote), Palmer argued, would deprive him of the very consideration

he was to receive in exchange for withdrawing his request for a temporary restraining order.

       {¶6}    Four months after filing their motion to vacate the agreed order, Robert and Judith

Bowers filed a reply in support of that motion, for the first time invoking Civ.R. 60(B) relief.

They relied on Civ.R. 60(B)(4) and (5), arguing that Palmer’s actions since the institution of this

case had served to render the proscription against Judith Bowers’ attempts to vote her shares

inequitable and unjust. Palmer moved to strike their reply, arguing that it raised new issues and

grounds not raised in the original motion. They opposed Palmer’s motion to strike, arguing that

the motion to vacate the agreed order “was always premised on Civ.R. 60(B).”

       {¶7}    The trial court granted the Bowerses’/HCS’ motion to vacate the agreed order of

November 27, 2012. The court’s journal entry reads in its entirety as follows:

       Defendants Hall Contracting and Robert and Judith Bowers request this court
       vacate the agreed order accepted by all parties at the time [Palmer] filed for a
       TRO. The court finds that the circumstances under which the TRO was originally

       2
         Palmer asserts that certain proceeds were also used beyond the permissible scope of the
agreed order, but that issue is not before this Court at this time.
                                                  4


       filed back in 2012 have changed dramatically. The TRO is vacated. If any party
       believes that a[] TRO is still necessary under current conditions, then such party
       can file a new request for a TRO and demonstrate that it is warranted. However,
       having read the briefs submitted on this issue, the court notes that irreparable
       harm would appear to be difficult to demonstrate as monetary damages are
       available and would provide a sufficient remedy.

       {¶8}    Palmer appealed from the order vacating the agreed order, raising one assignment

of error for review.

                                                 II.

                                   ASSIGNMENT OF ERROR

       THE TRIAL COURT ERRED BY VACATING THE NOVEMBER 27, 2012
       AGREED AND FINAL ORDER WHICH ENJOINED DEFENDANT-
       APPELLEE JUDITH BOWERS FROM VOTING ANY SHARES OF
       COMMON STOCK PURPORTEDLY HELD IN DEFENDANT-APPELLEE
       HALL CONTRACTING SERVICES, INC. IN THE ABSENCE OF A
       PROPERLY SUPPORTED AND TIMELY FILED MOTION PURSUANT TO
       AND IN COMPLIANCE WITH CIV.R. 60(B).

       {¶9}    Palmer’s sole assignment of error raises a purely procedural challenge to the trial

court’s order. Specifically, Palmer contends that the trial court erred in vacating the November

27, 2012 order because it lacked the authority to do so. According to Palmer, the trial court was

without jurisdiction to vacate the parties’ agreed order in the absence of a timely-filed and

properly-supported Civ.R. 60(B) motion.

       {¶10} Although we agree with many of the general concepts set forth in Palmer’s brief,

we disagree that they apply here. It is well settled that a trial court loses jurisdiction over a case

after issuing the final judgment that resolves all claims before it. See, e.g., Fiore v. Larger, 2d

Dist. Montgomery Nos. 05-CV-6054, 07-CV-8371, 2009-Ohio-5408, ¶ 36. Thus, after a case

has ended, a trial court may not continue to act, absent specific authority as prescribed by the

Ohio Rules of Civil Procedure. See Allstate Ins. Co. v. Witta, 9th Dist. Summit No. 25738,

2011-Ohio-6068, ¶ 8. If a trial court does act outside of the specific post-judgment motions set
                                                 5


forth in the civil rules, its ruling will be considered void. Pitts v. Ohio Dept. of Transp., 67 Ohio

St.2d 378, 380 (1981); Kitson v. Gordon Food Serv., 9th Dist. Summit No. 15CA0078-M, 2016-

Ohio-7079, ¶ 7.

       {¶11} Before final judgment is issued, however, a trial court possesses jurisdiction and

is authorized to rule on the matters before it. Its authority, therefore, is not restricted to the

specific post-judgment motions set forth in the Ohio Rules of Civil Procedure. See Witta, supra.

Thus, while a case is pending, trial courts can, and routinely do, issue various interlocutory

orders that modify, dissolve, vacate, and otherwise affect prior interlocutory orders – both final

and non-final. See Sepela v. MBL Partners, Ltd., 12th Dist. Clermont No. CA2000-06-038,

2000 WL 1875812, *1 (Dec. 26, 2000) (dissolving a preliminary injunction).                 See also

Katherine's Collection, Inc. v. Kleski, 9th Dist. Summit No. 26477, 2013-Ohio-1530 (modifying

a preliminary injunction); Coastline Ohio, LLC v. Extended Family Concepts, Inc. d/b/a Heather

Ridge Commons, 5th Dist. Stark No. 2010CA00113, 2011-Ohio-811, ¶ 10 (amending an order

appointing a receiver).

       {¶12} We disagree, therefore, that the trial court lacked authority to issue the order

appealed absent a timely and proper Civ.R. 60(B) motion. Because the matter was still pending,

the trial court retained jurisdiction over the issues, and a Civ.R. 60(B) motion was not required.

The assignment of error is overruled.

                                                III.

       {¶13} Palmer’s sole assignment of error is overruled. The judgment of the Lorain

County Court of Common Pleas is affirmed.

                                                                                Judgment affirmed.
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       There were reasonable grounds for this appeal.

       We order that a special mandate issue out of this Court, directing the Court of Common

Pleas, County of Lorain, State of Ohio, to carry this judgment into execution. A certified copy of

this journal entry shall constitute the mandate, pursuant to App.R. 27.

       Immediately upon the filing hereof, this document shall constitute the journal entry of

judgment, and it shall be file stamped by the Clerk of the Court of Appeals at which time the

period for review shall begin to run. App.R. 22(C). The Clerk of the Court of Appeals is

instructed to mail a notice of entry of this judgment to the parties and to make a notation of the

mailing in the docket, pursuant to App.R. 30.

       Costs taxed to Appellant.




                                                     DONNA J. CARR
                                                     FOR THE COURT



MOORE, J.
HENSAL, J.
CONCUR.


APPEARANCES:

JAMES F. KOEHLER and TIMOTHY J. FITZGERALD, Attorneys at Law, for Appellant.

KIRK W. ROESSLER, BONNIE S. FINLEY, and SARA RAVAS COOPER, Attorneys at Law,
for Appellees.
