BLACK, Circuit Judge, dissenting:

     I respectfully dissent.     This is a classic example of the old

adage that "bad facts make bad law."     The case is difficult because

the district court erroneously remanded it to state court, but I

believe the majority stands to do even greater harm in attempting

to rectify this mistake.

     As stated in the dissent of the opinion relied upon by the

majority, In re Allstate Ins. Co., 8 F.3d 219 (5th Cir. 1993):

     The majority opinion expands our power to review remand
     orders, contrary to the will of Congress in section
     1447(c) and of the Supreme Court in Thermtron Products.

Id. at 224 (Higginbotham, J., dissenting).

     In my view, the issue in this case is jurisdictional.1           The

jurisdictional nature of a remand order cannot hinge on the depth

of the district court's inquiry into jurisdiction.          Even when a

remand order is erroneous, § 1447(d) prohibits appellate review if

the district court issued the order under § 1447(c).          Thermtron

Prods., Inc. v. Hermansdorfer, 96 S. Ct. 584, 589 (1976).             By

classifying the issue in this case as procedural rather than

jurisdictional, the majority circumvents this rule by allowing

appellate review of a district court's remand order issued under

§ 1447(c) to determine if jurisdiction "factually" exists.        Such a

practice   permits   an   end   run   around   Thermtron   Products   and

undermines judicial discretion.




     1
       The amendment to § 1447(c) impacted only remand orders for
procedural defects. My position is therefore unaffected by the
amendment. I am in accord with the jurisdictional analysis in the
Allstate dissent, also written subsequent to the amendment.
