                       IN THE SUPREME COURT OF MISSISSIPPI

                                   NO. 2002-CA-00182-SCT

WILLIAM M. TISDALE, MAYOR AND ALDERMEN
BRUNSON ODOM AND JIM BUFFINGTON,
ALDERMEN OF THE CITY OF ABERDEEN, IN
THEIR CAPACITY AS MEMBERS OF THE CITY
COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF ABERDEEN,
MISSISSIPPI

v.

CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF ABERDEEN,
MISSISSIPPI AND WILLIE A. COOK, CLOYD GARTH
AND ALONZO SYKES, IN THEIR CAPACITY AS
MEMBERS OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY
OF ABERDEEN, MISSISSIPPI

DATE OF JUDGMENT:                              12/21/2001
TRIAL JUDGE:                                   HON. ANDREW C. BAKER
COURT FROM WHICH APPEALED:                     MONROE COUNTY CIRCUIT COURT
ATTORNEY FOR APPELLANTS:                       TIMOTHY E. ERVIN
ATTORNEYS FOR APPELLEES:                       M. JAY NICHOLS
                                               DEWITT T. HICKS, JR.
NATURE OF THE CASE:                            CIVIL - STATE BOARDS AND AGENCIES
DISPOSITION:                                   AFFIRMED - 10/02/2003
MOTION FOR REHEARING FILED:
MANDATE ISSUED:


       BEFORE SMITH, P.J., WALLER AND CARLSON, JJ.

       CARLSON, JUSTICE, FOR THE COURT:


¶1.    In today’s appeal, we address the appropriate role of the mayor of the City of Aberdeen operating

under a special charter in the appointment of the city attorney. The Circuit Court of Monroe County,
Honorable Andrew C. Baker, Special Judge, presiding, ruled that the city attorney was not an officer of

the city and thus the mayor could only vote on the appointment of the city attorney in the event of a tie vote

among the aldermen. Finding that the special judge appropriately applied the applicable law to the

undisputed facts in this case, we affirm.

                                   FACTS AND PROCEEDINGS
                                    IN THE CIRCUIT COURT

¶2.     The facts in this case are indeed undisputed. At its regular meeting of May 1, 2001, the City

Council of the City of Aberdeen voted 3-2 in favor of the appointment of Robert Faulks as the city

attorney. Aldermen Willie A. Cook, Cloyd Garth and Alonzo Sykes voted in favor of Faulks’s

appointment, while Aldermen Brunson Odom and Jim Buffington voted in opposition to the appointment.

Mayor William M. Tisdale, asserting that he was validly exercising his statutory authority, attempted to cast

a vote against the hiring of Faulks which, if allowed, would have created a tie vote.

¶3.     With three of the five aldermen asserting that Mayor Tisdale had no authority to vote on this matter

and that Faulks had thus been duly selected as the city attorney, Mayor Tisdale and Aldermen Odom and

Buffington filed their bill of exceptions in the Circuit Court of Monroe County pursuant to Miss. Code Ann.

§ 11-51-75 (Rev. 2002). On July 13, 2001, the three duly elected circuit judges of the First Circuit Court

District, of which Monroe County is a part, entered an order recusing themselves from participating in this

matter. By order dated August 30, 2001, the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court appointed the Honorable

Andrew C. Baker, a circuit judge from the Seventeenth Circuit Court District, to preside as Special Judge

in this cause pursuant to Miss. Code Ann. § 9-1-105 (Rev. 2002).




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¶4.     Although three separate orders were entered by Judge Baker on November 26, 2001, January 2,

2002, and February 15, 2002, the gist of Judge Baker’s ruling was that under the city’s charter, the mayor

could vote on the selection of municipal officers, and could vote “in case of a tie in other matters,” but since

the city attorney was not an officer, the mayor could not vote on the selection of the city attorney. The

practical effect of Judge Baker’s ruling was that the city attorney had been duly elected “by a majority of

the voting members,” namely, three of the five aldermen. It is from this ruling of the circuit court that Mayor

Tisdale and Aldermen Odom and Buffington have appealed, raising but one issue:1

        I.       WHETHER THE CIRCUIT JUDGE WAS MANIFESTLY IN ERROR
                 AS A MATTER OF LAW WHEN HE HELD THAT THE POSITION
                 OF CITY ATTORNEY WAS NOT A SUBORDINATE OFFICER OF
                 THE CITY OF ABERDEEN UNDER ITS SPECIAL CHARTER.

¶5.     We first determine the appropriate standard of review. Since the facts are undisputed, the issue

before this Court is strictly a matter of law. “When the determination is one of law rather than fact, ‘the

familiar manifest error/substantial evidence rule does not prevent this Court from conducting a de novo

review of the [trial judge’s] findings.” Tisdale v. Clay, 728 So.2d 1084, 1086 (Miss. 1998) (“Tisdale

I”).

                                                DISCUSSION

¶6.     Art. 4, § 88, Miss. Const., provides:

        The legislature shall pass general laws, under which local and private interest shall be
        provided for and protected, and under which cities and towns may be chartered and their


        1
          While Mayor Tisdale and Aldermen Odom and Buffington are the named appellants, for the sake
of clarity, we will refer to the appellants collectively as “Mayor Tisdale.” After all, the issue before us regards
the role of the mayor in the appointment process for city personnel. Similarly, we will refer collectively to
the appellees as the Council.

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        charters amended, and under which corporations may be created, organized, and their acts
        of incorporation altered; and all such laws shall be subject to repeal or amendment.

Miss. Code Ann. §§ 21-1-9 & 21-17-9 (Rev. 2001) designate the various forms of government and

provide for charter amendments and the governing authority’s initiative, respectively. Specifically, Miss.

Code Ann. § 21-1-9 states in its entirety:

        All municipalities operating under Chapter 99, Mississippi Code of 1906, and all
        municipalities operating under Title 21, Chapter 3, Mississippi Code of 1972, shall be
        designated as having “Code Charters.” All municipalities operating under Title 21, Chapter
        5, Mississippi Code of 1972, shall be designated as having “Commission Form of
        Government.” All municipalities operating under Title 21, Chapter 7, Mississippi Code of
        1972, shall be designated as having “Council Form of Government.” All municipalities
        operating under Title 21, Chapter 9, Mississippi Code of 1972, shall be designated as
        having “Council-Manager Form of Government.” All other municipalities shall be
        designated as having “Private Charters,” or such other form of government as may be
        created by the legislature, such cities to be designated by the act creating such special form
        of government.

¶7.     The City of Aberdeen, Monroe County, Mississippi, was created by special charter as set out in

1854 Miss. Laws chapter 100. Section 3 of the Charter states in pertinent part:

        That the Municipal government of said city shall be vested in a mayor and six selectmen,
        an assessor, a collector of taxes, a clerk and treasurer, a marshal and a city surveyor. The
        mayor and marshal to be biennially elected ... and the selectmen to be annually elected ...
        the assessor, tax collector, clerk and treasurer, and surveyor, and such other subordinate
        officers as are in this act provided for, or may be established by said mayor and selectmen,
        to be appointed or elected, as they shall, by ordinance, direct.

¶8. Section 8 of the City’s charter provides:

        That the legislative and contracting power of said city of Aberdeen, shall be vested in a city
        council, to be constituted by said mayor and selectmen, with power to ... appoint a city
        clerk ... and assistant marshal ... an assessor ... and a tax collector ... a treasurer ... a city
        surveyor ... A majority of said council shall constitute a quorum to do business, and the
        said mayor shall be the presiding officer thereof, vote at all elections of officers, and
        give the casting vote when a tie occurs in voting upon any question; the said council may


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        delegate the administration of the various affairs of the city to subordinate officers and
        committees of its own members, with adequate powers....

(emphasis added). In 1919, the number of selectmen was reduced from six to five and the selectmen began

to be called aldermen. On April 22, 1958, the City supplemented its charter by passing Council Resolution

No. 246, which stated in pertinent part that:

        The City Council shall annually appoint the said city attorney or attorney-at- law for the
        municipality for a term to expire not later than the first Tuesday of May of each year,
        prescribe his duties, and fix his compensation as provided by law.

¶9.     In Tisdale I, this Court held that the city council had the authority to appoint subordinate officers

not specifically named in the charter. 728 So.2d at 1088 (¶ 17). In that case, the litigants were almost

identical to the case at bar. In Tisdale I, Mayor Tisdale appealed from an adverse judgment rendered

in the Monroe County Chancery Court, and the named appellees were Aldermen Wilchie Clay, Willie A.

Cook, Cloyd Garth and Dee Riley. The fifth alderman, Kelly Tucker, while aligned with Mayor Tisdale

in the chancery court proceeding, declined to join Mayor Tisdale in his appeal to this Court. Mayor Tisdale

argued that as mayor and chief executive officer, he alone should appoint all subordinate officers, including

the city attorney, municipal judge, and public defender. Id. at 1087 (¶ 11). However, this Court rejected

the Mayor’s argument. We stated:

        Section 8 of the Special Charter of Aberdeen grants the city council, “to be constituted by
        said mayor and selectmen,” the power to appoint a city clerk, assistant Marshall for
        keeping order, tax assessor, tax collector, treasurer, city surveyor, “and appoint such other
        officers as it may deem necessary, for such terms of office, and with such regulations as it
        may, by ordinance, prescribe.” 1854 Miss. Laws, 100, § 8.

        This specifically gives the city council, not the Mayor acting alone, the power to appoint
        city personnel not specifically mentioned in the special charter. The Chancellor is correct
        in dismissing the Mayor’s argument that under the separation of powers he should appoint


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        all officers as the chief executive officer. This argument fails because the Aldermen do not
        appoint the subordinate officers, rather the city council composed of both the Mayor and
        the Aldermen appoint the subordinate officers. 1854 Miss. Laws, 100, § 8.

728 So.2d at 1087.

¶10.    Mayor Tisdale cites our decision in Tisdale I in an effort to undergird his argument that as mayor,

he can cast a vote on all elections of officers, including subordinate officers. Mayor Tisdale’s reliance on

Tisdale I for that proposition is misplaced. It should be kept in mind that the issue in Tisdale I was

whether the mayor, acting alone, could appoint the city attorney. We answered that question in the

negative, finding that the Aberdeen City Council, consisting of both the Mayor and Aldermen, appoints the

city officers and personnel not specifically named in the charter. In other words, Section 8 of Aberdeen’s

charter expressly states that the mayor shall vote at all elections of officers, but that the council may

delegate the administration of the affairs of the city to “subordinate officers.” When the charter is read and

considered in its totality, it is abundantly clear that the mayor votes at the election of officers as named in

the charter, and as to subordinate officers, the provisions of the charter simply state that the council may

delegate certain responsibilities to subordinate officers, without designating the procedure of selecting such

subordinate officers. We can thus state with certainty that whether appropriately designated as an

employee or a subordinate officer under Aberdeen’s charter, the city attorney is not an officer of the city

as envisioned in Aberdeen’s special charter.

¶11.    Miss. Code Ann. § 21-15-39 (Rev. 2001) provides in pertinent part:

        The provisions of §§ 21-15-3, 21-15-7 through 21-15-19, 21-15-23 to 21-15-31,
        shall be applicable to all municipalities of this state, whether operating under
        a code charter, special charter, or the commission form of government except in cases
        of conflict between the provisions of such sections and the provisions of the special charter

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        of a municipality...in which cases of conflict the provisions of the special charter...shall
        control.

(emphasis added). Since Aberdeen’s charter is silent as to the method of selection of the city attorney,

Miss. Code Ann. § 21-15-25 (Rev. 2001) is applicable. This statute states in pertinent part:

        The governing authorities may annually appoint an attorney-at-law for the municipality,
        prescribe his duties and fix his compensation, and/or they may employ counsel to represent
        the interest of the municipality, should the occasion require.

¶12.    While Mayor Tisdale vigorously contests the applicability of our decision in Edwards v. Weeks,

633 So.2d 1035 (Miss. 1994), the Council's reliance on this case is appropriate. Notwithstanding the fact

that Weeks involved a municipality created by a code charter, it does apply to the case before us today

because of the necessity in referring to the statute, as opposed to the charter, for guidance in selection of

the city attorney. In Weeks, we stated:

        Miss. Code Ann. § 21-15-25 (1972) clearly states that the “governing authorities” of the
        municipalityare clothed with the authority to appoint the municipal attorney. The governing
        authorities in this case consist of the mayor and board of aldermen. The mayor, however,
        is authorized to vote only in case of a tie.

633 So. 2d at 1037. The fact that in Weeks, we relied on Miss. Code § 21-3-15 (code charter

municipalities) which provided for the mayor to vote only in a case of a tie, is of no moment in the case

before us today. Section 8 of Aberdeen’s special charter clearly provides for the mayor to vote only at

the election for the therein named officers and in all other matters, to vote only when a tie occurs.

¶13.    Our decision today is not inconsistent with our decision in Tisdale I. Again, we answered the

question which Mayor Tisdale put before us in Tisdale I – Did the mayor acting alone, or the city council,

consisting of the mayor and the aldermen, appoint subordinate officers? The answer – the city council. This

does not mean that the mayor actually votes on every appointment of subordinate officers or other

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personnel hired by the City. As correctly stated by the Council in its brief, the mayor “can participate by

presiding at the Board meeting, discussing the candidates for appointment of city attorney with the

Aldermen, and in the event of a tie vote, cast his vote to break the tie.” This interpretation is totally

consistent with Section 8 of the City’s charter, which states that “[a] majority of said council shall constitute

a quorum to do business, and the said mayor shall be the presiding officer thereof, vote at all elections of

officers, and give the casting vote when a tie occurs in voting upon any question.” While the mayor is

correct in asserting that four of six members of the city council constitute a quorum for doing business, he

is incorrect in asserting that when all city council members are present for a meeting, four of six voting

members constitute a majority. Except in the election of the officers expressly named in the charter, the

mayor votes only in order to break a tie vote among the aldermen.

¶14.    A reading of the assignment of error clearly reveals that Mayor Tisdale is of the opinion that Judge

Baker ruled that the position of Aberdeen city attorney is not a “subordinate officer,” thus inferring that if

we hold otherwise, the mayor wins. However, Judge Baker’s three orders must be read and considered

in their totality. We find the following language from Judge Baker’s three orders compelling:

        As the Mississippi Supreme Court ruled in Tisdale v. Clay, 728 So.2d 1084 (Miss.
        1998), a case involving these same parties, the city council has the authority to appoint the
        city officers not specifically named in the charter....The Court does find that the charter
        gives the mayor the power to vote for officers and to vote in case of a tie in other matters.
        The Court also finds that the city attorney is not an officer and therefore, the mayor did not
        have the right to vote. Therefore, the city attorney was elected by a majority of the voting
        members....The finding of this court that the city attorney is not an officer is not a finding
        of fact but a finding as a matter of law.




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(emphasis in the original). It is clear from a close reading of Judge Baker’s orders that he found as a matter

of law that Aberdeen’s city attorney was not a municipal officer. Judge Baker did not find that the city

attorney was not a subordinate officer of the city.




                                             CONCLUSION

¶15.    Because the city attorney is not expressly designated in the City of Aberdeen’s special charter as

an officer of the City of Aberdeen, the trial judge correctly ruled in the case before us that, in accordance

with the special charter, the mayor may cast a vote on the issue of the appointment of the city attorney only

in the event of a tie. Because Robert Faulks was duly elected as Aberdeen’s city attorney by a 3-2 vote

of the City Council, the judgment of the Circuit Court of Monroe County is affirmed.

¶16.    AFFIRMED.

     PITTMAN, C.J., SMITH, P.J., WALLER, COBB, EASLEY AND GRAVES, JJ.,
CONCUR. McRAE, P.J., CONCURS IN RESULT ONLY. DIAZ, J.,          NOT
PARTICIPATING.




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