[Cite as In re Adoption of J.L.M-L., 2017-Ohio-61.]


                                       COURT OF APPEALS
                                   MUSKINGUM COUNTY, OHIO
                                   FIFTH APPELLATE DISTRICT



                                                         JUDGES:
IN THE MATTER OF:                                        Hon. Sheila G. Farmer, P.J.
                                                         Hon. William B. Hoffman, J.
                                                         Hon. John W. Wise, J.
        THE ADOPTION OF:
                                                         Case No. CT2016-0030

        J.L.M-L.                                         OPINION




CHARACTER OF PROCEEDING:                              Civil Appeal from the Court of Common
                                                      Pleas, Probate Division, Case No. 2015-
                                                      4031


JUDGMENT:                                             Affirmed



DATE OF JUDGMENT ENTRY:                               January 9, 2017



APPEARANCES:

For Appellant                                         For Petitioner-Appellee

SEAN W. BECK                                          W. ANDREW JOSEPH
USP ATLANTA                                           GOTTLIEB, JOHNSTON,
601 McDonough Boulevard, SE                           BEAM & DAL PONTE, PPL
Atlanta, Georgia 30315                                320 Main Street, P.O. Box 190
                                                      Zanesville, Ohio 43702-0190
Muskingum County, Case No. CT2016-0030                                                       2

Wise, J.

        {¶1}   Appellant Sean W. Beck appeals the decision of the Muskingum County

Probate Court, which granted the adoption petition of Appellee Michael Leary regarding

the child J.L.M-L. The relevant facts leading to this appeal are as follows.

        {¶2}   Appellant Beck is the biological father of J.L.M.-L. Appellant is presently

incarcerated in a federal correctional facility in Georgia. He asserts that he will be released

in 2021, assuming eligibility for good time credits.

        {¶3}   Appellee filed his petition for adoption in the Muskingum County Probate

Court on October 27, 2015. Appellant filed his objection to the petition on November 16,

2015.

        {¶4}   The matter came on for hearing on March 7, 2016 on the issue of whether

appellant’s consent was required for the adoption. In addition to appellee and his counsel,

appellant’s counsel appeared, while appellant appeared via telephonic connection.

Following the hearing, via judgment entry on May 5, 2016, the probate court ruled that

appellant’s consent was not necessary pursuant to R.C. 3107.07.

        {¶5}   On May 27, 2016, a hearing on best interests was conducted under R.C.

3107.161. Again, in addition to appellee and his counsel, appellant’s counsel appeared,

while appellant appeared via telephonic connection.

        {¶6}   On May 31, 2016, the probate court issued a final decree of adoption on

appellee’s petition, and ordering a name change for the child.

        {¶7}   On June 29, 2016, Appellant Beck filed a notice of appeal. Appellant's

present brief fails to set forth a statement of facts or a statement of the case and fails to

properly set forth assignments of error as required by App.R. 16(A)(3), 16(A)(5), and
Muskingum County, Case No. CT2016-0030                                                    3


16(A)(6). However, in the interest of justice, we glean the following Assignments of Error

from the brief (see Helfrich v. City of Pataskala Planning & Zoning, 5th Licking App. No.

00CA82, 2001 WL 194777):

      {¶8}    “I.    APPELLANT’S       TRIAL      COUNSEL     PROVIDED      INEFFECTIVE

ASSISTANCE DURING THE ADOPTION PROCEEDINGS.

      {¶9}    “II. THE TRIAL COURT ERRED BY FAILING TO PROPERLY CONSIDER

THE RELEVANT FACTORS FOR ADOPTION.”

                                             I.

      {¶10} In his First Assignment of Error, appellant argues he received ineffective

assistance of counsel during the adoption proceedings.

      {¶11} R.C. 2151.352 provides that parents are guaranteed the right to counsel at

all stages of a permanent custody proceeding. This Court has accordingly recognized

“ineffective assistance” claims in permanent custody appeals. See, e.g., In re Utt

Children, 5th Dist. Stark No. 2003CA00196, 2003–Ohio–4576. However, we have not

expanded the doctrine of ineffective assistance of counsel beyond criminal cases and

those involving permanent custody. See In re Logwood, 5th Dist. Guernsey No. 2004–

CA–38, 2005–Ohio–3639, ¶ 26.

      {¶12} “Permanent custody” is defined as “a legal status that vests in a public

children services agency or a private child placing agency, all parental rights, duties, and

obligations, including the right to consent to adoption, and divests the natural parents or

adoptive parents of all parental rights, privileges, and obligations, including all residual

rights and obligations.” R.C. 2151.011(B)(32). Adoption and permanent custody are thus

distinct concepts under Ohio law, and the right to counsel set forth in R.C. 2151.352 does
Muskingum County, Case No. CT2016-0030                                                     4

not cover adoption proceedings under Chapter 3107. See In re Adoption of M.C., 4th Dist.

Jackson Nos. 11CA5, 11CA6, 2011-Ohio-6527, ¶ 8. The Ohio Supreme Court has not

addressed the issue of whether an indigent parent contesting an adoption petition filed

by a private party has a procedural due process right to appointed counsel. Id.

Nonetheless, we have recognized that there is no right to the appointment of counsel in

the context of adoption. In re Adoption of I.M.M., 5th Dist. Ashland No. 16 COA 018, 2016-

Ohio-5891, ¶ 17 (additional citations omitted).

      {¶13} By extension, we decline to recognize on appeal an ineffective assistance

claim by a biological parent opposing a private adoption petition. We therefore will not

further address appellant's First Assignment of Error. But see In re Adoption of Brianna

Marie D., 6th Dist. Lucas No. L-04-1367, 2005-Ohio-797, ¶¶ 34-39.

                                             II.

      {¶14} In his Second Assignment of Error, appellant contends the trial court

erroneously failed to properly consider the statutory factors for adoption. We disagree.

      {¶15} We first note appellant’s brief makes periodic reference to documentary

evidence without clarifying whether such items were admitted as probate court exhibits.

Some of these documents are e-mails that are dated after the dates of the proceedings

below. In addition, appellant has failed to file a transcript of the pertinent probate court

proceedings in accordance with App.R. 9(B) or make other accommodations for a trial

record under App.R. 9(C) or 9(D). “When portions of the transcript or statement of

proceedings necessary for resolution of the assigned error are omitted from the record,

the reviewing court has nothing to pass on and thus, as to those assigned errors, the

court has no choice [but] to presume the validity of the lower court's proceedings.” In re
Muskingum County, Case No. CT2016-0030                                                   5

Adoption of I.M.M., supra, ¶ 33, citing Knapp v. Edwards Laboratories, 61 Ohio St.2d 197,

400 N.E.2d 384 (1980). Furthermore, in a bench trial, a trial court judge is presumed to

know the applicable law and to properly apply it. In re Fell, 5th Dist. Guernsey No. 05-CA-

9, 2005-Ohio-5299, ¶ 27.

      {¶16} Accordingly, appellant’s Second Assignment of Error is overruled.

      {¶17} For the foregoing reasons, the judgment of the Court of Common Pleas,

Probate Division, Muskingum County, Ohio, is hereby affirmed.




By: Wise, J.

Farmer, P. J., and

Hoffman, J., concur.




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