Filed 11/17/15 Prikupets v. Prikupets CA1/1
                      NOT TO BE PUBLISHED IN OFFICIAL REPORTS
California Rules of Court, rule 8.1115(a), prohibits courts and parties from citing or relying on opinions not certified for
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or ordered published for purposes of rule 8.1115.


              IN THE COURT OF APPEAL OF THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA

                                       FIRST APPELLATE DISTRICT

                                                  DIVISION ONE


IRINA PRIKUPETS,
         Respondent,
                                                                     A144470
v.
VLADIMIR PRIKUPETS,                                                  (San Francisco County
                                                                     Super. Ct. No. FDV-13-810575)
         Appellant.


         Appellant Vladimir Prikupets appeals from a renewed restraining order issued
after a hearing in a domestic violence prevention case initiated by respondent Irina
Prikupets. Because appellant has not met his burden of establishing reversible error, we
will affirm the order.
               FACTUAL BACKGROUND AND PROCEDURAL HISTORY
         On October 24, 2013, respondent filed a request for a domestic violence
restraining order1 against appellant. At the time, respondent was 77 years old and
appellant was 81 years old. Although the parties reportedly had divorced in Russia in
1975, they both resided with their adult daughter and her husband. In her petition,
respondent alleged appellant had yelled and threatened her and their daughter. According
to respondent, the police had twice been called to the home following his outbursts. On
the second occasion, he was placed on an involuntary psychiatric hold and taken to a




1
     See Family Code section 6200 et seq.
hospital. Respondent and her daughter’s family were also given an emergency protective
order.
         On October 25, 2013, the trial court issued a temporary restraining order.
Appellant was ordered to move out of the family residence.
         On November 8, 2013, appellant filed a response to the request for the restraining
order.
         On February 26, 2014, after multiple continuances, the trial court granted a
restraining order. The order was set to expire on February 26, 2015.
         On January 2, 2015, respondent filed a request to renew the restraining order. In
her request, she alleged appellant had violated the restraining order many times by
telephoning her and her daughter, and by coming to the home and leaving objects on her
doorstep with written messages that were hurtful and upsetting.
         On January 21, 2015, the trial court granted a two-year restraining order against
appellant. This appeal followed.
                                       DISCUSSION
         Appellant’s opening brief, entitled “America—USA—Fashist [sic] Country
Gestapo,” consists solely of a one-page “Statment [sic] of the case.” Without providing
any citations to the appellate record, he asserts respondent and their daughter had falsely
accused him of abusing drugs and alcohol, and of being mentally ill. The brief does not
specify any error on the part of the trial court. His reply brief does reference the alleged
incidents that occurred around October 2013, but fails to address the events leading to the
trial court’s issuance of the renewed restraining order.
         An “ ‘order of a lower court is presumed to be correct on appeal, and all
intendments and presumptions are indulged in favor of its correctness.’ ” (Schnabel v.
Superior Court (1993) 5 Cal.4th 704, 718.) An appellant has the burden of affirmatively
showing prejudicial error (City and County of San Francisco v. Funches (1999)
75 Cal.App.4th 243, 244–245) and of ensuring that an adequate record exists for review
(In re Kathy P. (1979) 25 Cal.3d 91, 102). The presumption of correctness also imposes
a burden on the appellant to present argument and authority on each point; otherwise, the


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point is deemed abandoned. (In re Sade C. (1996) 13 Cal.4th 952, 994.) An appellate
court is not required to discuss or consider points that are not adequately presented. (Kim
v. Sumitomo Bank (1993) 17 Cal.App.4th 974, 979.) In addition, the fact that an
appellant proceeds in propria persona does not alter these standards, as “[p]ro. per.
litigants are held to the same standards as attorneys.” (Kobayashi v. Superior Court
(2009) 175 Cal.App.4th 536, 543.)
       In addition to failing to address the circumstances leading to the January 21, 2015
order, appellant has stated no identifiable legal issue, nor has he supported any
contentions that he raises in his briefs with a cognizable legal argument. In his briefing
on appeal, he fails to make any legal arguments to support any theory of error. Without
such a showing, we must resolve the appeal against him (Hernandez v. California
Hospital Medical Center (2000) 78 Cal.App.4th 498, 502).
       In rejecting his challenges to the trial court’s order, we are mindful that appellant
represents himself. Self-representation, however, does not allow an appellant to avoid
the obligation to make an affirmative showing of error. Our Supreme Court has “ma[d]e
clear that mere self-representation is not a ground for exceptionally lenient treatment.
Except when a particular rule provides otherwise, the rules of civil procedure must apply
equally to parties represented by counsel and those who forgo attorney representation.”
(Rappleyea v. Campbell (1994) 8 Cal.4th 975, 984–985.) Courts of Appeal have
similarly held: “ ‘When a litigant is appearing in propria persona, he is entitled to the
same, but no greater, consideration than other litigants and attorneys. . . . Further, the in
propria persona litigant is held to the same restrictive rules of procedure as an attorney.’ ”
(Bianco v. California Highway Patrol (1994) 24 Cal.App.4th 1113, 1125–1126; accord,
County of Orange v. Smith (2005) 132 Cal.App.4th 1434, 1444; Nwosu v. Uba (2004)
122 Cal.App.4th 1229, 1246–1247.) Thus, since appellant did not comply with the rules
requiring all appellants to state a cogent legal argument supported by authority, he has
forfeited any claims of error.
                                      DISPOSITION
       The order is affirmed.


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                                _________________________
                                DONDERO, J.


We concur:


_________________________
HUMES, P.J.


_________________________
MARGULIES, J.




A144470


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