              IN THE COMMONWEALTH COURT OF PENNSYLVANIA


Michael W. Maurer,                             :
                Petitioner                     :
                                               :
                  v.                           :
                                               :
Workers' Compensation Appeal                   :
Board (Lion Mining Company),                   :       No. 1032 C.D. 2017
                 Respondent                    :       Submitted: January 12, 2018


BEFORE:           HONORABLE ROBERT SIMPSON, Judge
                  HONORABLE CHRISTINE FIZZANO CANNON, Judge
                  HONORABLE BONNIE BRIGANCE LEADBETTER, Senior Judge


OPINION NOT REPORTED

MEMORANDUM OPINION
BY JUDGE FIZZANO CANNON                                FILED: February 28, 2018

                  Michael Maurer (Claimant) petitions pro se for review of an
adjudication by the Workers’ Compensation Appeal Board (Board) affirming the
decision and order of Workers’ Compensation Judge (WCJ) Gallishen1 denying a
claim for benefits filed against Lion Mining Company (Employer) pursuant to the
Workers’ Compensation Act (Act).2 We affirm the Board.
                  Claimant suffered an injury in the course of his employment with
Employer on June 7, 1994. His injury was described as a sprained left shoulder and
neck in a Notice of Compensation Payable. Claimant’s injury description was later


        1
            Claimant has been involved in extensive workers’ compensation litigation before multiple
WCJs.
        2
            Act of June 2, 1915, P.L. 736, as amended, 77 P.S. §§ 1-1041.4, 2501-2708.
expanded by WCJ Cicola.3 On January 30, 1998, Claimant’s right to indemnity
benefits was commuted by WCJ Cicola in conjunction with a $102,000 lump sum
payment. Thereafter, Claimant received disfigurement benefits in 1999 and 2004.
On February 16, 2005, WCJ Desimone approved a Compromise and Release
Agreement (C&R) under which Claimant settled all outstanding medical claims in
exchange for $80,000.
                On January 11, 2016, Claimant filed a claim petition seeking additional
disfigurement benefits. Specifically, Claimant sought compensation for a scar of
approximately five inches on his neck, and scars of approximately one-half inch on
each of his eyelids. Claimant alleged that these scars were caused by surgeries
resulting from his 1994 work injury. Following a hearing, WCJ Gallishen concluded
that Claimant’s new disfigurement claim was time-barred.4 Claimant appealed to
the Board, which affirmed WCJ Gallishen’s ruling that Claimant’s claim was barred
by the three-year statute of limitations period set forth in section 413 (a) of the Act,
77 P.S. § 772. This appeal followed.5


        3
          In a decision dated June 27, 1997, WCJ Cicola described Claimant’s injury as “cervical
strain/sprain, cervical subluxation, neurovascular headaches, lumbosacral sprain/strain, lumbar
subluxation, thoracic sprain/strain, lumbago, lumbar radiculgia, shoulder strain, torn supraspinatus
tendon (rotator cuff), subacromial bursitis, herniated C5-6 cervical disc, torn left rotator cuff,
whiplash injury to his left upper extremity, and a pulled brachial plexus.” WCJ Gallishen Decision,
7/8/2017, at 3 (citation omitted).
        4
         WCJ Gallishen also ruled that Claimant failed to present unequivocal medical evidence
establishing a causal connection between his work injury and the scars; that Claimant’s eyelid
scars were not unsightly, and therefore, not compensable; that Claimant’s neck scar claim was
barred by res judicata; and that the C&R barred Claimant from disfigurement benefits for these
scars. Because of our resolution of the statute of limitations issue in this case, we decline to address
these additional issues.
        5
         Our review is limited to determining whether constitutional rights were violated, whether
the adjudication is in accordance with the law and whether necessary findings of fact are supported
by substantial evidence. Section 704 of the Administrative Agency Law, 2 Pa. C.S. § 704.
                                                   2
             Section 413(a) of the Act provides, in relevant part, as follows:


             A workers’ compensation judge. . . may, at any time,
             modify, reinstate, suspend, or terminate a notice of
             compensation payable, an original or supplemental
             agreement or an award of the department or its workers’
             compensation judge, upon petition filed by either party
             with the department, upon proof that the disability of an
             injured employe has increased, decreased, recurred, or has
             temporarily or finally ceased, or that the status of any
             dependent has changed.               Such modification,
             reinstatement, suspension, or termination shall be made as
             of the date upon which it is shown that the disability of the
             injured employe has increased, decreased, recurred, or has
             temporarily or finally ceased, or upon which it is shown
             that the status of any dependent has changed: Provided,
             That, except in the case of eye injuries, no notice of
             compensation payable, agreement or award shall be
             reviewed, or modified, or reinstated, unless a petition is
             filed with the department within three years after the date
             of the most recent payment of compensation made prior to
             the filing of such petition.

77 P.S. § 772 (emphasis added).

             In Seekford v. Workers’ Compensation Appeal Board (R.P.M.
Erectors), 909 A.2d 421 (Pa. Cmwlth. 2006), this Court considered the operation of
the three-year limitation period set forth in section 413(a) where a claimant had
previously agreed to commute his benefits in exchange for a lump sum payment.
The claimant in Seekford commuted his benefits for $125,000 in 1996. Id. at 428.
More than three years after receipt of that payment, the claimant filed a petition
seeking specific loss compensation for the loss of the use of his arm, but this Court
determined that he was time-barred pursuant to section 413(a) of the Act. Id.


                                          3
               The statute of limitations in [s]ection 413(a) is like a
               countdown timer. For a claimant who chooses not to
               commute benefits, there is no statute of limitations
               problem because the time is regularly reset upon each new
               receipt of benefits. However, for a claimant who
               commutes benefits and receives one lump sum payment,
               the time begins to count down immediately after that
               payment and it does not reset again because there are no
               more payments of compensation benefits.

Sena v. Workers’ Compensation Appeal Board (Maps, Inc.), 813 A.2d 32, 35 (Pa.
Cmwlth. 2002).
               In this case, Claimant agreed to commute his benefits in 1998 in
exchange for $102,000. That commutation triggered section 413(a)’s three-year
statute of limitations. More than seventeen years later, Claimant filed a petition
seeking specific loss benefits. The Board did not err in affirming the determination
that Claimant’s petition was time-barred.6 Seekford.
               For these reasons, we affirm the order of the Board affirming WCJ
Gallishen’s decision.



                                              __________________________________
                                              CHRISTINE FIZZANO CANNON, Judge




       6
           We note that Employer did not assert a statute of limitations defense when Claimant
sought and received benefits for disfigurement based on other scars in 2004. However, the failure
to raise the defense in a prior action does not preclude Employer from asserting the defense here.
Even if Claimant’s three-year statute of limitations clock “reset” upon receipt of those benefits in
2004, his present claim is nevertheless untimely under section 413(a) and Seekford.
                                                 4
        IN THE COMMONWEALTH COURT OF PENNSYLVANIA



Michael W. Maurer,                :
                Petitioner        :
                                  :
            v.                    :
                                  :
Workers' Compensation Appeal      :
Board (Lion Mining Company),      :      No. 1032 C.D. 2017
                       Respondent :

                                 ORDER


           AND NOW, this 28th day of February, 2018, the order of the Workers’
Compensation Appeal Board, dated June 20, 2017, is AFFIRMED.




                                   __________________________________
                                   CHRISTINE FIZZANO CANNON, Judge
