                           NOT FOR PUBLICATION                           FILED
                    UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS                        SEP 13 2018
                                                                      MOLLY C. DWYER, CLERK
                                                                       U.S. COURT OF APPEALS
                           FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT

JOSEPH FANGSRUD VON ESCH;                       No.    17-35659
RENNY FANGSRUD VON ESCH,
                                                D.C. No. 3:16-cv-05842-RBL
                Plaintiffs-Appellants,

 v.                                             MEMORANDUM*

LEGACY SALMON CREEK HOSPITAL,
a Washington company; ASSET SYSTEMS,
INC., DBA Asset Systems, pursuant to
Washington UBI No. 601474356, Asset
Systems, Inc.,

                Defendants-Appellees.

                   Appeal from the United States District Court
                     for the Western District of Washington
                   Ronald B. Leighton, District Judge, Presiding

                      Argued and Submitted August 30, 2018
                               Seattle, Washington

Before: McKEOWN, W. FLETCHER, and GOULD, Circuit Judges.

      Plaintiffs-Appellants Joseph and Renny Fansgrud Von Esch appeal from the

district court’s grant of summary judgment in favor of Defendants-Appellees

Legacy Salmon Creek Hospital and Asset Systems, Inc. and denial of Plaintiffs’


      *
             This disposition is not appropriate for publication and is not precedent
except as provided by Ninth Circuit Rule 36-3.
request for leave to amend to add another claim. We affirm in part, reverse in part,

and remand.

      Due to an error, Legacy sent Plaintiffs a medical bill for more than was

owed. In the following months, Legacy sent another bill reflecting the same

erroneous amount, and left phone messages regarding the bill. Plaintiffs did not

respond. Legacy transferred the account to debt collector Asset. About two years

later, Asset mailed Plaintiffs a demand for the erroneous amount due. Plaintiffs

disputed the debt, but Asset continued its attempts to collect until Legacy asked it

to close the account eight months later.

      1. The district court did not err in granting summary judgment to Legacy on

Plaintiffs’ Washington Consumer Protection Act, Wash. Rev. Code § 19.86, claim.

An act or practice is not unfair under Washington law if the consumer can avoid

the injury. Merriman v. Am. Guarantee & Liab. Ins. Co., 396 P.3d 351, 368

(Wash. Ct. App. 2017). Here, Plaintiffs knew the bill was in error when they

received it from Legacy, and Legacy provided a toll-free number to call with

billing questions. Plaintiffs took no action until two years later when they received

the bill from Asset.

      2. The district court erred in granting summary judgment to Asset on

Plaintiffs’ federal Fair Debt Collection Practices Act claim. One could reasonably

determine that Asset violated 15 U.S.C. § 1692e when it attempted to collect more



                                           2
than what was owed, continued to do so after Plaintiffs and their attorney told

Asset about the error, and despite having been told of the billing error, improperly

threatened a lawsuit without adequate inquiry. See Afewerki v. Anaya Law Grp.,

868 F.3d 771, 777 (9th Cir. 2017); Gonzales v. Arrow Fin. Servs., LLC, 660 F.3d

1055, 10634 n.6 (9th Cir. 2011). On this record, Asset cannot establish as a

matter of law a bona fide error defense. See McCollough v. Johnson, Rodenburg &

Lauinger, LLC, 637 F.3d 939, 948 (9th Cir. 2011); Reichert v. Nat’l Credit Sys.,

531 F.3d 1002, 1007 (9th Cir. 2008).

      3. The district court erred in granting summary judgment to Asset on

Plaintiffs’ Washington Consumer Protection Act claim. A jury could determine

that Asset’s attempts to collect the erroneous amount and threat of a lawsuit

violated the Act. See, e.g., Panag v. Farmers Ins. Co. of Wash., 204 P.3d 885,

89798 (Wash. 2009).

      4. The district did not abuse its discretion in denying leave to amend to add a

claim against Legacy for “outrage” under Washington law. We agree that such

amendment would be futile. Wheeler v. City of Santa Clara, 894 F.3d 1046, 1059

(9th Cir. 2018); Kloepfel v. Bokor, 66 P.3d 630, 632 (Wash. 2003).

      AFFIRMED in part, REVERSED in part, and remanded. Each party shall

bear its own costs on appeal.




                                          3
