                 United States Court of Appeals
                             For the Eighth Circuit
                         ___________________________

                                 No. 18-2149
                         ___________________________

                              United States of America

                         lllllllllllllllllllllPlaintiff - Appellee

                                            v.

                                      Glen Davis

                       lllllllllllllllllllllDefendant - Appellant
                                       ____________

                      Appeal from United States District Court
                 for the Southern District of Iowa - Council Bluffs
                                  ____________

                             Submitted: April 15, 2019
                               Filed: May 17, 2019
                                  [Unpublished]
                                  ____________

Before LOKEN, WOLLMAN, and STRAS, Circuit Judges.
                         ____________

PER CURIAM.

       Glen Davis pleaded guilty to one count of interstate communication of a threat
in violation of 18 U.S.C. § 875(c). The district court1 determined that Davis’s U.S.


      1
      The Honorable Stephanie M. Rose, United States District Judge for the
Southern District of Iowa.
Sentencing Guidelines (Guidelines) range was 15 to 21 months’ imprisonment based
on a total offense level of 12 and a criminal history category of III. The court
sentenced Davis to one year and one day’s imprisonment. Davis contests his criminal
history calculation, arguing that it was increased from category II to category III
because his prior convictions for Illinois robbery were erroneously determined to be
crimes of violence under the Guidelines.

       Because Davis did not object at sentencing, we review for plain error, which
requires (1) error, (2) that was plain, (3) that affects substantial rights. See United
States v. Chambers, 878 F.3d 616, 622 (8th Cir. 2017). A sentencing error affects a
substantial right “if there is a reasonable probability the defendant would have
received a lighter sentence but for the error.” United States v. Bain, 586 F.3d 634,
640 (8th Cir. 2009) (per curiam). “When a defendant is sentenced under an incorrect
Guidelines range[,] . . . the error itself can, and most often will, be sufficient to show
a reasonable probability of a different outcome absent the error.” Molina-Martinez
v. United States, 136 S. Ct. 1338, 1345 (2016). Here, however, we conclude that “the
government has shown that the court would have arrived at the same term of
imprisonment absent [any] procedural error.” United States v. Mulverhill, 833 F.3d
925, 931 (8th Cir. 2016) (citation and internal quotation marks omitted).

       As the district court made clear at sentencing, it relied on factors “independent
of the Guidelines range” when determining Davis’s sentence. See United States v.
Dace, 842 F.3d 1067, 1070 (8th Cir. 2016) (per curiam). The length of Davis’s
sentence resulted from uncharged conduct that occurred during his pretrial release in
Las Vegas, Nevada, where Davis was apprehended with firearms at his residence after
allegedly threatening to kill his girlfriend. The district court expressed concern that
this incident, along with his threat offense, reflected a regression to the kind of
violent behavior in which Davis had engaged frequently until his prior incarceration
began in 2003. The court therefore fashioned a sentence that would allow Davis time
for mental health treatment and enable the probation office to create a release plan,

                                           -2-
with the goal of helping Davis “get whatever he needs to return to a period of
nonviolence and . . . contribute positively to society.” Thus, we are satisfied that the
district court had a reasoned basis for its decision and would have arrived at the same
term of imprisonment even if the Guidelines calculation were erroneous.

      The sentence is affirmed.
                      ______________________________




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