                   THEA’ITORNEYGENERAL
                              OF      TEXAS
                             AUSTIN    II. TE-
  W’ILL    WILSON
A-RNEY       GEXA’ERAI.                 .
                                                            March 5, 1957


          Honorable Price Daniel
          Governor of Texas
          Austin, Texas
                                            OPINION   NO.    ww-46
                                            Re:   Date for special election
                                                  to fill a vacancy in the
                                                  House of Representatives.

          Dear Governor Daniel:
                   You have requested an opinion on whether a special
          election to fill a vacancy in the office of State Representative
          for the 29th District resulting from resignation of the incumbent
          could be called for April 2, the date on which a special election
          to fill a vacancy in the United States Senate is to be held.
          You ask, further, in event the election could not be called for
          April 2, what is the earliest date on which it could be held.
                   It Is our understanding that the Incumbent tendered
          his resignation to you on March 3, but that it has not yet
          been accepted. Generally speaking, a vacancy in an office
          caused by,resignation of the incumbent does not occur until
          the resignation Is accepted.   Sawyer v. City of San Antonio,
          149 Tex. 408, 234 S.W.2d 398 (1950). However, the calling
          of an election to fill a vacancy In the office would be tanta-
          mount to acceptance.
                   You have called our attention to Sections 28 and 32
          of the Texas Election Code (Article6 4.05 and 4.09, Vernon's
          EleCtion Code).   Section 32 provides that where a vacancy to
          be filled by election occurs in a civil office, an election
          shall immediately be ordered to fill the unexpired term, and
          that the order for the election shall fix the time of the
          election "not less than twenty nor more than ninety days after
          the first public notice of such order."   Section 28 ,requires
          that notice of the election be posted twenty days before the
          election. Since 27 days remain between the present date and,
          April 2, it is seen that under these two statutes there would
          be sufficient time for these acts to be performed with reference
          to an election called for April 2. However, an election now
ordered for April 2 would have to be held as a write-in
election without having the names of any candidates printed
on the ballot. This would result because of the provisions
of Section 32a of the Election Code (Article 4.10, Vernon's
Election Code), which reads in part as follows:
             'Any person desiring his name to appear
      upon the official ballot at any special election
      held for the purpose of filling a vacancy, when
      no party primary has been held, may do so by
      presenting his application to the proper
      authority. . . .
             "Such ap lication must be fried not later
      than thirty (30 days before any such special
      election a . . ti (Emphasis supplied)
          This statute fixes midnight of the thirty-first day
preceding the election (not counting the day of the election)
as the deadline for candidates to file for a place on the
ballot. Att'y Gen. Op. No. WW-38 (1957). Even assuming that
candidates could have filed immediately upon submission of the
resignation on March 3, before It had been accepted or an
election ordered to fill the vacancy, the deadline for filing
would have been midnight of March 2.    Clearly, if candidates
are to be allowed to file for a place on the ballot, the
election cannot be held on April 2,
         The foregoing discussion answers your first question.
Your second qiiestionconcerns the earliest date on which the
election could be held.
          In event an election is oalled, it undoubtedly would
Abe your desire to set the election for a date which will allow
candidates a reasonable time in which to ,file for a place on
the ballot. What constitutes a reasonable time is a matter
within your discretion. To that time must be added the 30
days required by Section 32a. The earliest day for the
election  will be the thirty-first day following the deadline
for filing. Assuming that the resignation were accepted and
the eiection ordered on this date (March 5), and that you
should decide that the deadline of the following Saturday
midnight would allow a reasonable time for filing of applica-
tions, April 9th would be the earliest date for which the
election could be called. This interval for filing is used
by way of illustration only , and is not a suggestion as to
what time should be allowed for that purpose.    We trust that
this will answer your second question sufficiently.
                          SUMMARY

             Since candidates at a special election
      to fill a vacancy in an office must file their
      applications for a place on the ballot 30 full
     days before the date of the election, a special
     election at which the names of candidates are to
     appear on the ballot c'annotbe called for a date
     earlier than the thirty-first day following the
     deadline for candidates to file. It is within the
     discretion of the authority ordering the election
     to determine what length of time should be allowed
     for the filing of applications.

                              Very truly yours,
                               WILL WILSON
                               ATTORNEY GENERAL


                               BY   2y        K-&e
                                      Mary    Wall
                                      Assist&


MKW:csb

APPROVED:
OPINION COMMITTEE
BY: H. Grady Chandler,
    Chairman
