                                                                                              08/11/2020


                                            DA 19-0508
                                                                                          Case Number: DA 19-0508

              IN THE SUPREME COURT OF THE STATE OF MONTANA
                                           2020 MT 205N


B.D., a minor, by and through her parents and
guardians ad litem, JASON and KELLY DEMING,
and JASON DEMING and KELLY DEMING, Individually,

               Plaintiffs and Appellees,

         v.

MARK HIRAM DEMING,

               Defendant and Appellant.

APPEAL FROM:           District Court of the Seventh Judicial District,
                       In and For the County of Richland, Cause No. DV-16-101
                       Honorable Olivia C. Rieger, Presiding Judge


COUNSEL OF RECORD:

                For Appellant:

                       Mark H. Deming, Self-Represented, Deer Lodge, Montana

                For Appellees:

                       Mark D. Parker, Geoffrey T. Cunningham, Parker, Heitz & Cosgrove,
                       PLLC, Billings, Montana


                                                    Submitted on Briefs: July 1, 2020

                                                               Decided: August 11, 2020

Filed:

                                 cir-641.—if
                       __________________________________________
                                         Clerk
Justice Beth Baker delivered the Opinion of the Court.

¶1     Pursuant to Section I, Paragraph 3(c), Montana Supreme Court Internal Operating

Rules, this case is decided by memorandum opinion and shall not be cited and does not

serve as precedent. Its case title, cause number, and disposition shall be included in this

Court’s quarterly list of noncitable cases published in the Pacific Reporter and Montana

Reports.

¶2     In this appeal, we affirm the Seventh Judicial District Court’s order enforcing a

settlement agreement in a civil case. The case was brought by the parents of B.D., Mark

H. Deming’s (Deming) granddaughter, whom he was convicted of assaulting in 2014

when she was three years old. Deming is presently serving a prison sentence for that

offense. Jason and Kelly Deming filed a verified complaint in October 2016, seeking

compensatory and punitive damages on their daughter B.D.’s behalf for sexual assault,

battery, willful misconduct, and emotional distress; they also sought damages on their

own behalf for infliction of emotional distress. The complaint was filed by co-counsel

Luke Savage of the Sidney, Montana, Savage Law Firm and Casey Heitz of the Billings

firm Parker, Heitz, & Cosgrove, PLLC.

¶3     Deming appeared through counsel and filed his answer to the complaint. A year

later, he moved to disqualify Luke Savage as Jason and Kelly’s counsel on the ground

that the Savage Law Firm had represented both Deming and other family members at

various times and on various matters, through which the firm had gained knowledge and

information concerning Deming’s financial affairs, financial condition, and net worth.

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Deming argued that such information would be relevant to Jason and Kelly’s claim for

punitive damages. The District Court denied the motion, concluding after consideration

of the parties’ submissions that Savage’s representation of Jason and Kelly would not

prejudice or adversely affect Deming in the case. On the basis of the affidavits, it found

that any information Savage held regarding Deming’s financial affairs “is not

confidential, was never asserted specifically by Deming to be confidential, and the prior

dealings between Savage and Deming did not create a confidential client-attorney

relationship.”

¶4     Following discovery and the filing of additional motions, the parties participated

in mediation on July 20, 2018. The mediation took place at Montana State Prison (MSP).

Deming     was   present   in   person   and    represented   by   his   three   attorneys,

Brandon C. Hartford, Charity McLarty, and Michael Haase. Jason and Kelly appeared

with their attorneys, Luke Savage, Casey Heitz, and Geoffrey Cunningham. Mediator

Michael Anderson reported to the District Court that the case had settled.

¶5     The mediation produced an eight-page handwritten settlement agreement, signed

by all parties and their respective counsel. Deming later refused to sign the formal

memorialization of that agreement, and the District Court permitted his attorneys to

withdraw. Jason and Kelly moved to enforce the agreement. Following a hearing at

which Deming appeared pro se by telephone from MSP, the District Court rejected

Deming’s claim of duress and found no factual or legal basis that would preclude

enforcement of the binding, written settlement agreement. The court gave him five days

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to sign the formal agreement and all other necessary conveyance documents and directed

the Clerk of Court to execute the documents on his behalf if he failed to do so. Deming

appeals.

¶6     Deming raises what he terms four “inter-related” issues, starting with a

September 5, 2014 permanent order of protection issued by Richland County Justice of

the Peace Greg Mohr and including events that transpired during the MSP mediation.1

Deming argues that terms were added or changed in the formalized agreement and that

Jason continues to hold Deming’s personal property in violation of the agreement.

Deming raises numerous additional claims about alleged misrepresentation and fraud by

his own attorneys, the duress under which he suffered during the day-long mediation, and

failure of the mediator and his own counsel to disclose discussions they allegedly had the

day following the mediation, which Deming discovered upon receiving a bill for his

attorneys’ stay at Fairmont Hot Springs Resort the night of mediation.

¶7     “A valid settlement agreement is enforceable like any other binding contract.”

Hinderman v. Krivor, 2010 MT 230, ¶ 21, 358 Mont. 111, 244 P.3d 306

1
  While Jason and Kelly’s civil case was pending, Deming was charged criminally with violating
the 2014 order of protection. Though he did not enter the order of protection, Luke Savage later
took office and now serves as Justice of the Peace in Richland County. On appeal, Deming has
not developed any supportable argument that the District Court improperly denied his motion to
disqualify Luke Savage from representing Jason and Kelly based on the argument Deming
presented in his motion, which pertained solely to the Savage firm’s prior representation of
Deming family members. Deming instead argues that Savage abused his office as Justice of the
Peace, unlawfully searched Deming’s home to obtain financial records without a warrant,
retaliated against Deming, and used his position to advance his own economic interest. Deming
also argues that the order of protection was invalid. Deming has not carried his burden on appeal
to demonstrate error in the court’s denial of his motion on the basis argued. And Deming’s
dispute with the order of protection is unrelated to the issue on appeal—the validity of the
settlement agreement. We do not further address these arguments.
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(citation omitted).   “A party is bound to a settlement agreement if ‘he or she has

manifested assent to the agreement’s terms and has not manifested an intent not to be

bound by that assent.’” Kluver v. PPL Mont., LLC, 2012 MT 321, ¶ 33, 368 Mont. 101,

293 P.3d 817 (quoting Lockhead v. Weinstein, 2003 MT 360, ¶ 12, 319 Mont. 62,

81 P.3d 1284).    We review for correctness a district court’s legal conclusion that a

binding contract exists between the parties; we review its findings of fact for clear error.

Kluver, ¶ 19.

¶8     Based on the evidence, including Deming’s testimony that he signed the

handwritten agreement, the District Court found that the parties reached a final settlement

at the mediation and concluded that the agreement is binding and enforceable. The court

determined that the handwritten agreement included all essential terms to achieve the

parties’ lawful objective—settlement of Jason and Kelly’s claims for their daughter and

themselves—and that it set forth specifically the property and interests Deming would

convey, free and clear from any liens and encumbrances, and the property Deming would

retain for himself.

¶9     Deming’s principal dispute with the settlement agreement is his claim that he did

not receive a copy of the handwritten agreement and did not discover until seeing the

changes made in formalizing it that he is to retain only a twenty-five percent interest in

income from the proceeds of “the gravel property” in which he held a life estate. Deming

also argues that a clause was added preventing him from any recovery of personal

property, which was not discussed at mediation. He claims further that he told his

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attorneys he had no life insurance policies. Finally, he claims that more than $200,000

worth of his personal property is still being held by Jason in violation of the agreement,

some exposed to the weather.

¶10    The handwritten agreement states on its face that Deming would receive,

“[i]n exchange for his life estate interest [in the gravel property] 25% of all income from

gravel proceeds for life.” It identifies a pickup truck, a trailer, and a tractor Deming is to

convey and provides that he shall retain his two Edward Jones accounts and title to “the

’99 GMC.” The agreement requires Deming to transfer his interest in his residence to

Jason and Kelly; the formalized agreement makes clear that Deming is entitled to retain

the personal property located in the residence and gives him sixty days to remove it. The

handwritten agreement further requires Deming to name B.D. as the beneficiary of his

two identified life insurance policies and, if possible, to transfer ownership of the policies

to Jason and Kelly, with Jason and Kelly to pay the premiums. Deming signed the

handwritten agreement.

¶11    After hearing Deming’s testimony, the District Court found that, although

incarcerated, Deming was not suffering duress that rendered him incapable of entering a

binding settlement and that he had not provided credible evidence that he did not

willingly enter into the handwritten settlement agreement.           The court found that

Deming’s testimony at the hearing “demonstrates that he clearly understood the

settlement agreement before he signed the document.” When reviewing a district court’s

findings of fact, “[w]e view evidence in the light most favorable to the prevailing party,

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and we leave the credibility of witnesses and the weight assigned to their testimony for

the determination of the trial court.”          Willis v. Fertterer, 2013 MT 282, ¶ 25,

372 Mont. 108, 310 P.3d 544 (citation omitted). Deming has not shown clear error in the

District Court’s findings.2      Review of the formalized agreement reveals that it is

consistent with all material terms contained in the handwritten agreement, with additional

provisions limited to the details necessary for execution of the agreement, release of

mutual claims, and similar ministerial terms. Deming’s claim on appeal that Jason and

Kelly are not complying with the agreement’s provision regarding his personal property

is a matter of enforcement; it does not call into question the agreement’s validity.

¶12    We have determined to decide this case pursuant to Section I, Paragraph 3(c) of

our Internal Operating Rules, which provides for memorandum opinions. This appeal

presents no constitutional issues, no issues of first impression, and does not establish new

precedent or modify existing precedent. Deming has failed to show clear error in the

District Court’s factual findings. Based on those findings, the District Court correctly

applied the law regarding the existence and implementation of contracts. Its order to

enforce and implement the parties’ settlement agreement is affirmed.



                                                     /S/ BETH BAKER




2
  The record on appeal does not include a transcript of the District Court’s May 1, 2019 hearing.
It is the appellant’s duty to present this Court “with a record sufficient to enable it to rule upon
the issues raised.” M. R. App. P. 8(2).
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We Concur:

/S/ JAMES JEREMIAH SHEA
/S/ DIRK M. SANDEFUR
/S/ INGRID GUSTAFSON
/S/ JIM RICE




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