                                STATE OF WEST VIRGINIA

                              SUPREME COURT OF APPEALS



State of West Virginia,                                                                FILED
Plaintiff Below, Respondent                                                            April 16, 2013
                                                                                  RORY L. PERRY II, CLERK
                                                                                SUPREME COURT OF APPEALS
vs) No. 12-0400 (Berkeley County 11-F-54 & 11-M-4)                                  OF WEST VIRGINIA


Ralph Mason Jr.,

Defendant Below, Petitioner



                                 MEMORANDUM DECISION

        Petitioner’s appeal, by counsel Matthew L. Harvey, arises from the Circuit Court of
Berkeley County, wherein he was sentenced to an aggregate term of thirty months in jail
following his conviction, by jury, for one count of brandishing a deadly weapon, one count of
assault of a government representative, and one count of obstructing a law enforcement officer.
Petitioner was resentenced by order entered on February 23, 2012. The State, by counsel Cheryl
K. Saville, has filed its response.

       This Court has considered the parties’ briefs and the record on appeal. The facts and legal
arguments are adequately presented, and the decisional process would not be significantly aided
by oral argument. Upon consideration of the standard of review, the briefs, and the record
presented, the Court finds no substantial question of law and no prejudicial error. For these
reasons, a memorandum decision is appropriate under Rule 21 of the Rules of Appellate
Procedure.

        In October of 2011, petitioner was convicted by a jury of one count of brandishing a
deadly weapon, one count of assault of a government representative, and one count of obstructing
a law enforcement officer. Thereafter, petitioner was sentenced to an aggregate term of thirty
months in jail, which was suspended in lieu of five years of probation. In February of 2012,
petitioner was resentenced to allow him to file this appeal.

        On appeal, petitioner alleges that the circuit court erred in denying his motions for
judgment of acquittal at the close of the State’s case-in-chief and at the conclusion of all the
evidence, and in denying his motion for a new trial. In support, petitioner argues that the evidence
below was insufficient to support his convictions because the State failed to establish multiple
elements of the various crimes. Petitioner also argues that the circuit court erred in failing to
instruct the jury as to the valid defense of resisting an unlawful arrest. In response, the State
argues that there was an abundance of evidence introduced at trial to support the jury’s verdicts.
According to the State, the evidence showed that petitioner used a chainsaw to breach the peace
while threatening to kill a West Virginia State Trooper and his family. Further, other law
enforcement officers testified to petitioner’s arrest, during which he committed the offense of

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assault of a government representative by threatening to kill one officer and moving towards him
aggressively. Lastly, the State argues that there was ample evidence in support of the obstruction
charge related to petitioner’s refusal to comply with multiple directions from law enforcement
officials.

       We have held that

       “[a] criminal defendant challenging the sufficiency of the evidence to support a
       conviction takes on a heavy burden. An appellate court must review all the
       evidence, whether direct or circumstantial, in the light most favorable to the
       prosecution and must credit all inferences and credibility assessments that the jury
       might have drawn in favor of the prosecution. The evidence need not be
       inconsistent with every conclusion save that of guilt so long as the jury can find
       guilt beyond a reasonable doubt. Credibility determinations are for a jury and not
       an appellate court. Finally, a jury verdict should be set aside only when the record
       contains no evidence, regardless of how it is weighed, from which the jury could
       find guilt beyond a reasonable doubt. To the extent that our prior cases are
       inconsistent, they are expressly overruled.” Syl. Pt. 3, State v. Guthrie, 194 W.Va.
       657, 461 S.E.2d 163 (1995).

Syl. Pt. 5, State v. Broughton, 196 W.Va. 281, 470 S.E.2d 413 (1996). Upon our review, the Court
finds that the evidence was sufficient to support petitioner’s conviction for the multiple crimes
below.

        The evidence established that petitioner was revving a chainsaw and threatening to kill
Mr. Gilmore and his child. This obviously constitutes a breach of the peace and the evidence is
sufficient to support that element, petitioner’s acquittal for assault arising out of this same action
notwithstanding. The fact that petitioner alleges that the act which formed the basis of the
brandishing charge was “between petitioner and Matthew Gilmore” does not render his actions
lawful. Further, the evidence established that law enforcement arrived on the scene with lights
and sirens engaged and the officers entered the woods in pursuit of petitioner in full uniform. As
such, the Court finds that the jury had sufficient evidence upon which to find that petitioner knew
that the individuals were government representatives. Additionally, petitioner has misstated the
necessary elements for the crime of obstructing. However, the evidence established that petitioner
forcibly refused to comply with multiple directions from law enforcement during their attempts to
arrest petitioner. For these reasons, the evidence below was sufficient to support petitioner’s
convictions.

       In regard to petitioner’s assignment of error regarding the circuit court’s refusal to give a
requested jury instruction, we have previously held that,

       “[a]s a general rule, the refusal to give a requested jury instruction is reviewed for
       an abuse of discretion. By contrast, the question of whether a jury was properly
       instructed is a question of law, and the review is de novo.” Syl. Pt. 1, State v.
       Hinkle, 200 W.Va. 280, 489 S.E.2d 257 (1996).

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Syl. Pt. 11, Bailey v. Norfolk and Western Ry. Co., 206 W.Va. 654, 527 S.E.2d 516 (1999). Based
upon the evidence at trial, it is clear that petitioner was being lawfully arrested. As such, the
circuit court did not abuse its discretion in denying him an instruction as to the defense of
resisting an unlawful arrest.

       For the foregoing reasons, the circuit court’s sentencing order is hereby affirmed.



                                                                                         Affirmed.

ISSUED: April 16, 2013

CONCURRED IN BY:

Chief Justice Brent D. Benjamin
Justice Robin Jean Davis
Justice Margaret L. Workman
Justice Menis E. Ketchum
Justice Allen H. Loughry II




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