                                                        [DO NOT PUBLISH]


              IN THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS

                       FOR THE ELEVENTH CIRCUIT
                                                                  FILED
                         ________________________ U.S. COURT OF APPEALS
                                                           ELEVENTH CIRCUIT
                                                              August 26, 2005
                               No. 05-10128
                                                            THOMAS K. KAHN
                           Non-Argument Calendar                CLERK
                         ________________________

                      D. C. Docket No. 04-00391-CR-1-1

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA,


                                                                 Plaintiff-Appellee,

                                     versus

FAHEEM ABDUL SABOOR,

                                                            Defendant-Appellant.


                         ________________________

                  Appeal from the United States District Court
                     for the Northern District of Georgia
                       _________________________

                               (August 26, 2005)

Before TJOFLAT, BIRCH and BARKETT, Circuit Judges.

PER CURIAM:

     Appellant pled guilty to one count of armed bank robbery, in violation of 18
U.S.C. § 2113(a), and the district court sentenced him to prison for a term of 151

months. He now appeals his sentence, contending that according to Blakely v.

Washington, 542 U.S. 296, 124 S.Ct. 2531, 159 L.Ed.2d 403 (2004), the Sixth

Amendment precluded the district court from treating him as a career offender

under U.S.S.G. § 4B1.1 and thereby imposing the sentence he received. The court

overruled his objection on the ground that Blakely did not apply to the federal

guidelines sentencing system. In United States v. Booker, 543 U.S. ___, 125 S.Ct.

738, 160 L.Ed.2d 621 (2005), however, the Supreme Court made Blakely’s

rationale applicable to the federal system; hence, we therefore consider appellant’s

objection under Booker.

       We need not decide whether the district court committed Sixth Amendment

error—by basing appellant’s sentence on facts appellant did not admit—because

the court erred in sentencing appellant under a mandatory guidelines scheme. The

question thus becomes whether the error was harmless.

       Sentencing a defendant under a mandatory guidelines scheme, such as the

pre-Booker federal scheme, is harmless error “if, viewing the proceedings in their

entirety . . . the error did not affect the sentence, or had but very slight effect. If

one can say with fair assurance that the sentence was not substantially swayed by

the error, the sentence is due to be affirmed even though there was error.” United



                                             2
States v. Mathenia, No. 04-15250, slip op. 2326, 2328 (11th Cir. May 23, 2005)

(internal quotations and citation omitted).

      It is the Government’s burden to satisfy us that the error in this case was

harmless. The Government has not shown (on the record before the district court)

that under the Mathenia test, the district court’s error—treating the Guidelines as

mandatory rather than advisory—“did not affect the sentence, or had but very

slight effect.” In short, the Government has not carried its burden of proof to

demonstrate harmless error. As a consequence, we must vacate appellant’s

sentence and remand the case for resentencing.

      VACATED and REMANDED.




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