                                                                                                 Filed
                                                                                           Washington State
                                                                                           Court of Appeals
                                                                                            Division Two

                                                                                             July 30, 2019




       IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF THE STATE OF WASHINGTON

                                           DIVISION II
    In the Matter of the                                               No. 50616-5-II
    Personal Restraint of

    LARRY EDWARD TARRER,

                                  Petitioner.
                                                                UNPUBLISHED OPINION



          CRUSER, J. — Larry Tarrer seeks relief from personal restraint imposed as a result of his

2014 convictions for first degree murder, attempted first degree murder, and first degree

manslaughter.1 He raises six issues.

          Issue 1. Tarrer argues that he received ineffective assistance of trial counsel in not moving

to admit the medical records of Claudia McCorvey, one of the victims, as business records under

ER 803(a)(4). His trial counsel did move for the admission of those records, but the trial court

denied their admission, and in his direct appeal, we held that the trial court did not abuse its

discretion. Tarrer now argues that his trial counsel performed deficiently because he did not move

for admission of the records under State v. Doerflinger, 170 Wn. App. 650, 663-65, 285 P.3d 217

(2012). To establish ineffective assistance of counsel, Tarrer must demonstrate that his counsel’s



1
 We issued the mandate of Tarrer’s direct appeal on December 1, 2016, making his July 7, 2017
petition timely filed. RCW 10.73.090(3)(b). Consideration of his petition was stayed pending
State v. Scott, 190 Wn.2d 586, 416 P.3d 1182 (2018).
No. 50616-5-II


performance fell below an objective standard of reasonableness and that as a result of that deficient

performance, the result of his case probably would have been different. State v. McFarland, 127

Wn.2d 322, 335-36, 899 P.2d 1251 (1995); Strickland v. Washington, 466 U.S. 668, 687, 104 S.

Ct. 2052, 80 L. Ed. 2d 674 (1984). We presume strongly that trial counsel’s performance was

reasonable. State v. Grier, 171 Wn.2d 17, 42, 246 P.3d 1260 (2011). Tarrer does not show either

deficient performance or resulting prejudice. Doerflinger is inapplicable because it held that where

one physician is testifying, the medical records of other physicians used in treating the patient are

admissible as business records under ER 803(a)(4). Here, there was no physician testifying to the

treatment of McCorvey, so moving to admit the records under Doerflinger would have made no

difference. Tarrer does not demonstrate ineffective assistance of trial counsel.

       Issue 2. Tarrer argues that he received ineffective assistance of appellate counsel when he

did not raise Doerflinger in the direct appeal. But as addressed above, Doerflinger is inapplicable,

so Tarrer does not demonstrate ineffective assistance of appellate counsel.

       Issue 3. Tarrer argues that the prosecutor committed misconduct by violating an order in

limine that the State had requested regarding the scope of the testimony of the defense eyewitness

identification expert witness. But his trial counsel did not object to the prosecutor’s questions.

Therefore, in addition to showing the prosecutor’s questions were improper in the first instance,

Tarrer must also show that the improper questioning was so flagrant and ill intentioned that it

caused incurable prejudice—that is, prejudice that could not have been obviated by a curative

instruction. State v. McChristian, 158 Wn. App. 392, 400, 241 P.3d 468 (2010). And he must

show a substantial likelihood that the misconduct affected the jury’s verdict. In re Pers. Restraint

of Monschke, 160 Wn. App. 479, 495, 251 P.3d 884 (2010). Tarrer fails to demonstrate that the


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No. 50616-5-II


prosecutor’s questions were improper. The prosecutor’s questions were consistent with the order

in limine that the expert could testify generally only about the reliability of identifications and

could not opine specifically about the accuracy of the victim’s identification. Even if Tarrer had

shown the prosecutor’s questions were improper, he hasn’t shown they were flagrant or ill

intentioned. Nor does Tarrer show that he was prejudiced by them.

       Issue 4. Tarrer argues that his exceptional sentence was based on unsupported findings.

The jury returned special verdicts that (1) the attempted first degree murder was an invasion of

McCorvey’s privacy and (2) her injuries substantially exceeded the level of bodily harm necessary

to satisfy the elements of attempted first degree murder. The trial court’s findings of fact I and

VII reflect those special verdicts. Substantial evidence supported the finding of violation of the

zone of privacy because the crime was committed in McCorvey’s home in the early morning hours.

Substantial evidence supports the finding that McCorvey’s injuries, which have rendered her a

paraplegic, substantially exceeded the level of bodily harm necessary to satisfy the elements of

attempted first degree murder. State v. Duncalf, 177 Wn.2d 289, 296, 300 P.3d 352 (2013). To

the extent that the trial court made additional findings of fact in findings of fact VIII, IX and X,

those additional findings are surplusage.

       Issue 5. Tarrer argues that because he committed his crime when he was 17 years old, he

is entitled to be resentenced under Miller v. Alabama, 567 U.S. 460, 132 S. Ct. 2455, 183 L. Ed.

2d 407 (2012). But where a petitioner has other adequate remedies available, relief through a

personal restraint petition is not available. Scott, 190 Wn.2d at 592; In re Pers. Restraint of

McNeil, 181 Wn.2d 582, 590, 334 P.3d 548 (2014). Tarrer has a motion for resentencing under




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No. 50616-5-II


State v. Weatherwax, 188 Wn.2d 139, 392 P.3d 1054 (2017), pending in the trial court and may

seek parole, so he has an adequate remedy.

        Issue 6. Finally, in a supplement to his petition, Tarrer argues that the to-convict jury

instruction fails to state all of the essential elements of the crime of attempted first degree murder

because it does not specify McCorvey by name. But State v. Plano, 67 Wn. App. 674, 679, 838

P.2d 1145 (1992), and State v. Johnston, 100 Wn. App. 126, 131, 996 P.2d 629 (2000), hold

otherwise.

        Tarrer does not present any grounds for relief from restraint. We therefore deny his

petition.

        A majority of the panel having determined that this opinion will not be printed in the

Washington Appellate Reports, but will be filed for public record in accordance with RCW 2.06.040,

it is so ordered.



                                                      CRUSER, J.
 We concur:



 MAXA, C.J.




 GLASGOW, J.




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