                                STATE OF WEST VIRGINIA
                              SUPREME COURT OF APPEALS

                                                                                      FILED
Lan Deyerle,                                                                     February 22, 2019
Petitioner Below, Petitioner                                                      EDYTHE NASH GAISER, CLERK
                                                                                  SUPREME COURT OF APPEALS
                                                                                      OF WEST VIRGINIA
vs) No. 17-0633 (Kanawha County 17-AA-23)

West Virginia Department of Health and Human Resources,
Respondent Below, Respondent

                                 MEMORANDUM DECISION

       Petitioner Lan Deyerle, pro se, appeals the May 3, 2017, order of the Circuit Court of
Kanawha County dismissing her appeal of the February 14, 2017, decision of the West Virginia
Public Employees Grievance Board upholding her termination as an employee of Respondent
West Virginia Department of Health and Human Resources (“DHHR”). The DHHR, by counsel
Steven R. Compton, filed a summary response.

        The Court has considered the parties’ briefs and the record on appeal. The facts and legal
arguments are adequately presented, and the decisional process would not be significantly aided
by oral argument. Upon consideration of the standard of review, the briefs, and the record
presented, the Court finds no substantial question of law and no prejudicial error. For these
reasons, a memorandum decision affirming the circuit court’s orders is appropriate under Rule 21
of the Rules of Appellate Procedure.

         Petitioner was a long-term employee of the DHHR. According to the Grievance Board’s
February 14, 2017, decision, it reversed a prior decision by the DHHR to terminate petitioner from
employment by decision dated July 15, 2014, “solely on procedural grounds.” While the DHHR
initially appealed the July 15, 2014, decision, the Grievance Board explained that the DHHR later
withdrew its appeal:

       Following the withdrawal of the appeal, [the DHHR] determined that [petitioner]
       should be placed in a different office to allow [petitioner] a fresh start. [Petitioner]
       was returned to work on November 3, 2014, and was placed in a temporary Office
       Assistant II position in the Office of Maternal, Child[,] and Family Health. There is
       no allegation that [petitioner]’s pay rate was reduced[1] or that [petitioner] objected
       to the decision to place her in a new office.

       1
           Prior to petitioner’s reinstatement, her job classification was as an Office Assistant III.

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       The DHHR eventually terminated petitioner from employment a second time due to
misconduct occurring both before and after her return to work. The second termination took place
on February 10, 2015, from which petitioner filed a grievance directly to Level III of the grievance
process. Following a September 26, 2016, evidentiary hearing, an administrative law judge
[“ALJ”] upheld the February 10, 2015, termination of petitioner from her employment by decision
dated February 14, 2017.

        Petitioner did not file an appeal from the Grievance Board’s February 14, 2017, decision
until April 11, 2017. Consequently, the DHHR filed a motion to dismiss the appeal on April 17,
2017, asserting that it was untimely filed. Petitioner filed a response on April 25, 2017, stating that
she “filed her appeal in person on April 11, 2017, and was told by court personnel that her appeal
was not late.” By order entered May 3, 2017, the circuit court dismissed petitioner’s appeal. The
circuit court found that, pursuant to West Virginia Code §§ 6C-2-5(c) and 6C-2-2(c), petitioner
had until April 5, 2017, to file her appeal and failed to do so. The circuit court further found that
petitioner’s representations that she was told that her appeal “was not late” were unsubstantiated:

       Petitioner’s allegations are concerning as neither the [c]ourt nor the [c]ourt’s
       personnel has ever had ex-parte communications or any other communications with
       [petitioner] beyond her in person delivery of a copy of her [r]esponse to [the
       DHHR]’s [m]otion to dismiss on April 25, 2017. The [c]ourt has not mailed any
       correspondence to [petitioner] and, certainly, has not advised [petitioner] that her
       appeal “was not late.”

        Following the dismissal of her appeal, petitioner wrote the circuit court various letters
requesting that it reconsider its May 3, 2017, order. In a June 10, 2017, letter, petitioner
acknowledged that her appeal was “six days late,” but asked that the circuit court give her a “pass.”
Eventually, the circuit court collectively treated petitioner’s letters as a motion to reconsider the
dismissal of her appeal and denied the motion by order entered August 2, 2017. The circuit court
found that “[t]he deadline for filing an appeal must be met by all parties, including pro se
petitioners,” and that “[t]he court lacks jurisdiction to hear untimely filed appeals.”

        Petitioner now appeals the circuit court’s May 3, 2017, order dismissing her appeal of the
February 14, 2017, decision upholding her termination from employment. In syllabus point one of
West Virginia Department of Health and Human Resources v. Hess, 189 W.Va. 357, 432 S.E.2d
27 (1993), we held that “[West Virginia Code § 6C-2-5(c)], which allows an appeal to the circuit
court within thirty days of receipt of the [ALJ]’s decision, must be read in pari materia with [West
Virginia Code § 6C-2-5(c)], which defines ‘days’ as ‘working days exclusive of Saturday, Sunday
or official holidays.’”2

       2
        At the time of our decision in Hess, those provisions were set forth at West Virginia Code
§§ 29-6A-7(c) and 29-6A-2(c). When West Virginia Code § 29-6A-2(c) was repealed and
reenacted as West Virginia Code § 6C-2-2(c), the Legislature excluded from the definition of
“days” any day “in which the employee’s workplace is legally closed under the authority of the
(continued . . .)
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        On appeal, the parties agree that the circuit court properly calculated the time in which
petitioner was permitted to appeal the ALJ’s decision as expiring on April 5, 2017. Petitioner
further acknowledges that she filed her appeal six days late. The parties dispute only whether this
Court should find that the circuit court may consider petitioner’s appeal because of excusable
neglect. 3 The DHHR argues that, once the circuit court found that petitioner’s appeal was
untimely filed, the court’s only recourse was to dismiss the appeal. See Syl. Pt. 1, Hinkle v. Bauer
Lumber & Home Bldg. Center, Inc., 158 W.Va. 492, 211 S.E.2d 705 (1975) (holding that
“[w]henever it is determined that a court has no jurisdiction to entertain the subject matter of a civil
action, the forum court must take no further action in the case other than to dismiss it from the
docket”). We agree with the DHHR.

        Rule 1(b) of the West Virginia Rules of Procedure for Administrative Appeals provides, in
pertinent part, that “[t]hese rules shall not be construed to extend . . . the jurisdiction of the circuit
courts as established by law.” In State ex rel. Commissioner, West Virginia Division of Motor
Vehicles v. Swope, 230 W.Va. 750, 756, 742 S.E.2d 438, 444 (2013), we found that a circuit court
exceeded its jurisdiction by considering an appeal of a driver’s license revocation that was filed
beyond the timeframe set forth in West Virginia Code § 29A-5-4(b).4 West Virginia Code §
29A-5-4(b) provided that an appeal “shall” be filed “within thirty days after the date upon which
such party received notice of the final order or decision of the agency.” In Swope, we relied on the
well-established rule that “[w]hen a statute is clear and unambiguous and the legislative intent is
plain, the statute should not be interpreted by the courts, and in such case[,] it is the duty of the
courts not to construe but to apply the statute.” 230 W.Va. at 755-56, 742 S.E.2d at 443-44
(quoting Syl. Pt. 5, State v. General Daniel Morgan Post No. 548, V.F.W., 144 W.Va. 137, 107
S.E.2d 353 (1959)).

       Here, West Virginia Code § 6C-2-5(c) provides, in pertinent part, that “[a] party shall file
the appeal in the circuit court of Kanawha County within thirty days of receipt of the [ALJ]’s
decision[.]” (Emphasis added.). “It is well established that the word ‘shall,’ in the absence of
language in the statute showing a contrary intent on the part of the Legislature, should be afforded
a mandatory connotation.” Brickstreet Mut. Ins. Co. v. Zurich Am. Ins. Co., __ W.Va. __, __ n.15,
813 S.E.2d 67, 78 n.15 (2018) (Internal quotations and citations omitted.); see Hess, 189 W.Va. at
360, 432 S.E.2d at 30 (same). Therefore, given the untimeliness of petitioner’s appeal, we
conclude that the circuit court properly dismissed the appeal because the court would have

chief administrator due to weather or other cause provided for by statute, rule, policy or practice.”
See 2007 W.Va. Acts ch. 207.
        3
         While petitioner argues that she substantially complied with West Virginia Code §§
6C-2-5(c) and 6C-2-2(c) given her reliance on alleged verbal statements made to her by court
personnel, we construe petitioner’s argument as one asking this Court to excuse her neglect in
failing to timely file an appeal.
        4
        In making this finding, we determined that the circuit court erred in declaring that the
appeal was timely filed. Id. at 754-56, 742 S.E.2d at 442-44.

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exceeded its jurisdiction to do otherwise.

       For the foregoing reasons, we affirm the circuit court’s May 3, 2017, order dismissing
petitioner’s appeal of the Grievance Board’s February 14, 2017, decision upholding her
termination from employment.

                                                                                   Affirmed.

ISSUED: February 22, 2019

CONCURRED IN BY:

Chief Justice Elizabeth D. Walker
Justice Tim Armstead
Justice Evan H. Jenkins
Justice John A. Hutchison

DISQUALIFIED:

Justice Margaret L. Workman




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