[Cite as State v. McKee, 2019-Ohio-4307.]




                      IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF OHIO
                          THIRD APPELLATE DISTRICT
                               LOGAN COUNTY




STATE OF OHIO,

        PLAINTIFF-APPELLEE,                              CASE NO. 8-19-16

        v.

CHASSITY L. MCKEE,                                       OPINION

        DEFENDANT-APPELLANT.




                  Appeal from Logan County Common Pleas Court
                           Trial Court No. CR 18 09 0271

                                     Judgment Affirmed

                          Date of Decision:   October 21, 2019




APPEARANCES:

        Sean P. Martin for Appellant

        Alice Robinson-Bond for Appellee
Case No. 8-19-16


SHAW, J.

       {¶1} Defendant-appellant, Chassity L. McKee (“McKee”), appeals the

March 5, 2019 judgment entry of conviction and sentence issued by the Logan

County Court of Common Pleas journalizing her conviction by a jury on three

counts of Theft, four counts of Identity Fraud, one count of Grand Theft, and one

count of Theft from a person in a protected class. The trial court imposed upon

McKee an aggregate prison term of fourteen years. On appeal, McKee claims that

one of her Theft convictions and her conviction for Theft from a person in a

protected class are supported by insufficient evidence and are against the manifest

weight of the evidence. She also maintains that she received ineffective assistance

from her trial counsel during the questioning of a State’s witness.

                                Procedural History

       {¶2} On September 11, 2018, the Logan County Grand Jury returned an

eighteen-count indictment against McKee, which was later amended to a nine-count

indictment, charging McKee with:        Count One: Theft, in violation of R.C.

2913.02(A)(1), 2913.02(B)(2), a felony of the fifth degree; Count Two: Grand

Theft, in violation of R.C. 2913.02(A)(1), 2913.02(B)(2), a felony of the fourth

degree; Count Three: Theft, in violation of R.C. 2913.02(A)(1), 2913.02(B)(2), a

felony of the fifth degree; Count Four: Identity Fraud, in violation of R.C.

2913.49(B)(1), 2913.49(I)(2), a felony of the fifth degree; Count Five: Identity


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Fraud, in violation of 2913.49(B)(1), 2913.49(I)(2), a felony of the fifth degree;

Count Six: Identity Fraud, in violation of R.C. 2913.49(B)(1), 2913.49(I)(2), a

felony of the fifth degree; Count Seven: Theft, in violation of R.C. 2913.02(A)(1),

2913.02(B)(2), a felony of the fifth degree; Count Eight: Identity Fraud, in violation

of R.C. 2913.49(B)(1), 2913.49(I)(2), a felony of the fifth degree; and Count Nine:

Theft from a person in a protected class in violation of R.C. 2913.02(A)(2),

2913.02(B)(3), a felony of the second degree.

       {¶3} The charges stemmed from an investigation conducted by the Logan

County Sheriff’s Office into allegations made by McKee’s former fiancé claiming

that McKee had stolen money from his accounts, sold personal property without his

permission, and opened loans and credit cards in his name while he was receiving

inpatient dialysis treatments in hospitals and rehabilitation centers causing him to

live away from his home for most of 2017. In a parallel investigation conducted by

the Bellefontaine Police Department, a court-appointed guardian for an incompetent

elderly person alleged that McKee had withdrawn a substantial amount of money

from the ward’s credit union account without authorization or permission. Upon

being arraigned, McKee entered a plea of not guilty to the charges.

       {¶4} On January 29 and 30, 2019, the trial court conducted a jury trial on all

nine counts listed in the indictment. Several witnesses testified for the State.




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McKee testified on her own behalf. After hearing the evidence, the jury found

McKee guilty on all nine counts.

         {¶5} On February 28, 2019, McKee appeared for sentencing. The trial court

imposed a prison term of nine months on Count One, Theft; fifteen months on Count

Two, Grand Theft; nine months on Count Three, Theft; nine months on Count Four,

Identity Fraud; fifteen months on Count Five, Identity Fraud; nine months on Count

Six, Identity Fraud; nine months on Count Seven, Theft; nine months on Count

Eight, Identity Fraud; and seven years on Count Nine, Theft from a person in a

protected class. The trial court made the necessary statutory findings to order the

sentences to be served consecutively for a total aggregate prison term of fourteen

years.

         {¶6} McKee appealed the trial court’s judgment entry of conviction and

sentence, asserting the following assignments of error.

                        ASSIGNMENT OF ERROR NO. 1

         THE STATE OF OHIO FAILED TO PRODUCE LEGALLY
         SUFFICIENT EVIDENCE TO SUSTAIN CONVICTIONS FOR
         THEFT IN COUNT ONE AND THEFT IN COUNT NINE.

                        ASSIGNMENT OF ERROR NO. 2

         APPELLANT’S CONVICTIONS OF THEFT IN COUNT ONE
         AND THEFT IN COUNT NINE FELL AGAINST THE
         MANIFEST WEIGHT OF THE EVIDENCE.

                        ASSIGNMENT OF ERROR NO. 3


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       APPELLANT’S    TRIAL    COUNSEL     COMMITTED
       INEFFECTIVE ASSISTANCE OF COUNSEL BY FAILING TO
       OBJECT TO TESTIMONY OF THE STATE OF OHIO’S
       INACCURATE AND CONTRADICTORY EVIDENCE
       DURING PRESENTATION OF THE EVIDENCE FOR COUNT
       NINE, AND THEN STIPULATED TO THE ADMISSIBILITY
       OF THAT INACCURATE AND CONTRADICTORY
       EVIDENCE.

       {¶7} For ease of discussion, we elect to discuss the first and second

assignments of error together.

                      First and Second Assignments of Error

       {¶8} In her first and second assignments of error, McKee argues that the

jury’s verdicts on Counts One and Nine are not supported by sufficient evidence

and are against the manifest weight of the evidence.

                                 Standard of Review

       {¶9} Whether there is legally sufficient evidence to sustain a verdict is a

question of law. State v. Thompkins, 78 Ohio St.3d 380, 386 (1997). Sufficiency is

a test of adequacy. Id. When an appellate court reviews a record upon a sufficiency

challenge, “ ‘the relevant inquiry is whether, after viewing the evidence in a light

most favorable to the prosecution, any rational trier of fact could have found the

essential elements of the crime proven beyond a reasonable doubt.’ ” State v.

Leonard, 104 Ohio St.3d 54, 2004-Ohio-6235, ¶ 77, quoting State v. Jenks, 61 Ohio

St.3d 259 (1991), paragraph two of the syllabus.



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       {¶10} By contrast, in reviewing whether a verdict was against the manifest

weight of the evidence, the appellate court sits as a “thirteenth juror” and examines

the conflicting testimony. Thompkins at 387. In doing so, this Court must review

the entire record, weigh the evidence and all of the reasonable inferences, consider

the credibility of witnesses and determine whether in resolving conflicts in the

evidence, the factfinder “clearly lost its way and created such a manifest miscarriage

of justice that the conviction must be reversed and a new trial ordered.” Id.

       {¶11} Nevertheless, a reviewing court must allow the trier of fact appropriate

discretion on matters relating to the credibility of the witnesses. State v. DeHass,

10 Ohio St.2d 230, 231 (1967). When applying the manifest-weight standard,

“[o]nly in exceptional cases, where the evidence ‘weighs heavily against the

conviction,’ should an appellate court overturn the trial court’s judgment.” State v.

Haller, 3d Dist. Allen No. 1-11-34, 2012-Ohio-5233, ¶ 9, quoting State v. Hunter,

131 Ohio St.3d 67, 2011-Ohio-6524, ¶ 119.

1.   Count One: Theft of the ATV (Randall Austin)

                                 Controlling Statute

       {¶12} In Count One, McKee was convicted of fifth degree felony Theft in

violation of R.C. 2913.02(A)(1) which states that:

       (A) No person, with purpose to deprive the owner of property or
       services, shall knowingly obtain or exert control over either the
       property or services in any of the following ways:


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       (1) Without the consent of the owner or person authorized to
       give consent.

The statute specifies that: “[i]f the value of the property or services stolen is one

thousand dollars or more and is less than seven thousand five hundred dollars * * *

a violation of this section is theft, a felony of the fifth degree.” R.C. 2913.02(B)(2).

Thus, in order to elevate the level of the offense from a first degree misdemeanor to

a fifth degree felony, the State must prove that the value of the property stolen is

$1,000 or more and less than $7,500.

                                 Evidence Presented

       {¶13} The evidence established that Randall Austin, McKee’s former fiancé,

had authorized McKee to pay his mortgage and utility bills while he was receiving

inpatient dialysis treatments at hospitals and rehabilitation facilities during the

majority of 2017. In December of 2017, Austin became suspicious about the state

of his affairs and asked a friend, Rick Walters, to check on his house. Walters

arrived at Austin’s home and discovered that the utilities had been disconnected for

non-payment. Walters also found a Sheriff’s notice of foreclosure posted on the

home. After learning this news, Austin reviewed his bank accounts and realized

that a substantial amount of money had been withdrawn. He also learned that lines

of credit had been opened in his name without his authorization, and that his mail

had been forwarded to McKee’s residential address.



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       {¶14} When Austin returned to his home he observed several items missing,

including his 1996 Cadillac motor vehicle, the title to his Chevy Truck, mounted

deer heads, and two gun cases. Austin became concerned about the items he had

placed in a storage unit. He had also given McKee a key to the unit prior to receiving

prolonged inpatient care. Upon arriving at the storage unit, Austin noticed that the

lock had been changed because his key no longer worked. With his permission, law

enforcement cut the lock to allow Austin to gain access to the unit. Austin recalled

that the once full unit was half empty. He noticed several items were missing

including an ATV, a snow blower, and tree stands for hunting deer. Austin testified

that he had to file for Bankruptcy as a result of McKee’s misconduct.

       {¶15} For her part, McKee testified that Austin gave her permission to pay

her bills from his bank account. She explained that Austin had agreed to pay her

bills because of the amount of time she had spent caring for him and helping him

get to his dialysis treatments, which were multiple times a week and prevented her

from earning an income. She also claimed that Austin had intended to liquidate his

assets so that they could travel once they were married, and that she had permission

from Austin to sell the ATV and other items. She further denied fraudulently

opening loans and lines of credit in Austin’s name and insisted that Austin obtained

the accounts on his own accord.




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                                     Discussion

       {¶16} On appeal, McKee challenges her conviction for fifth degree felony

theft on the basis that the prosecutor failed to present sufficient evidence

establishing that the value of the ATV was at least one thousand dollars. At the

outset we note that under R.C. 2913.61(D)(3), the value of personal property is

determined by its “fair market value,” as distinguished in the statute from

“replacement value,” which is the measure of value for heirlooms and collector’s

items, and for items that are used in the victim’s profession, business, trade or

occupation. R.C. 2913.61(D)(3).

       {¶17} At trial, Austin testified that he valued the ATV at $2,000.

Specifically, the testimony at trial was as follows:

       Prosecutor: How much would you say that Honda four-wheeler
       was valued at?

       Austin: I would say $2,000 was what I could get for it.

(Tr. at 168).

       {¶18} McKee directs our attention to the testimony of the purchaser of the

ATV, Donald Mantz, who testified to buying the ATV from McKee at the storage

unit. Mantz testified that he responded to an online ad listing the Honda ATV for

sale. The text messages between him and the seller were admitted as an exhibit at

trial. Evidence produced at trial indicated that the phone number in the text

messages belonged to McKee. He recalled that on April 4, 2017, he traveled to a

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storage unit in East Liberty, Logan County, Ohio. There, he meet an “older lady,”

“kind of a younger lady,” and “a young guy.” (Tr. at 214). He described the

condition of the ATV as being “in pretty bad shape. The wheels were frozen, the

brakes were bad, didn’t start. The battery, nothing.” (Id). He explained that the

“young guy” had to help him get it into his truck because “it was frozen.” (Id).

         {¶19} McKee asserts that Mantz’ testimony regarding the poor condition of

the ATV at the time he bought it negates Austin’s testimony valuing the ATV at

$2,000. She also claims that Austin’s testimony is unreliable because he had not

seen the ATV immediately prior to the sale and therefore could not have known the

condition of the ATV at the time of the sale.

         {¶20} We recognize that there are cases, such as the two cited to by McKee

in her brief, demonstrating instances in which a court did not find the victim’s

testimony regarding the fair market value of a stolen item to be sufficient.1

However, we find the salient facts in those cases which supported the court’s

rationale are not present in the case sub judice.




1
  See State v. Griffin, 1st Dist. Hamilton No. C-080392, 2009-Ohio-2482, (finding the victim’s testimony that
he purchased the GPS device for $800 several months before the theft and a recent advertisement for a new
unit of the same model listed for $598.27 was insufficient to establish what a willing buyer would have paid
a willing seller for a used GPS device of that model. The court found that in light of evidence that the
particular model was rapidly depreciating in value, a trier of fact could not have reasonably inferred that a
used model would have retained a value of at least $500 in order to elevate the offense to a fifth degree
felony); State v. Reese, 165 Ohio App.3d 21, 2005-Ohio-7075 (7th Dist.)(finding that the victim’s testimony
regarding the value of a stolen ring was insufficient because it was based upon what the victim’s mother had
told her before she died and therefore constituted hearsay. Moreover, the court found that the victim’s listing
in a printed ad offering to sell the ring was also hearsay and not sufficient.)

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       {¶21} Rather, a review of the applicable case law reveals that Ohio courts

have consistently held that a victim’s testimony can be sufficient to prove the value

of the stolen property. See e.g., State v. Green, 3d Dist. Union No. 14-2000-26,

2001-Ohio-2197, *3 (finding the victim’s testimony that the damage to her home

exceeded five hundred dollars and the value of the items stolen exceeded six

hundred dollars provided a firm basis for the trial court’s decision to overrule the

defendant’s Crim.R. 29(A) motion); State v. Bartolomeo, 10th Dist. Franklin No.

08AP-969, 2009-Ohio-3086, ¶ 25 (holding the victim’s testimony was sufficient to

prove the value of stolen property for purposes of the theft charge); State v. Noble,

12th Dist. Warren No. CA2014-06-080, 2015-Ohio-652, ¶ 22 (finding the victim’s

testimony regarding the value of property stolen was sufficient to elevate the theft

offense to a fifth-degree felony).

       {¶22} Here, we find Austin’s testimony valuing the ATV at $2,000 is

probative of its fair market value under R.C. 2913.61(D)(3).         Therefore, we

conclude that Austin’s testimony, if believed, is sufficient to support a finding by

the jury that the value of the stolen ATV was at least $1,000, thereby elevating the

theft offense to a fifth-degree felony.

       {¶23} McKee also argues that her conviction in Count One is against the

manifest weight of the evidence. In support of this claim, she asserts an argument

substantially similar to the one she made regarding sufficiency of the evidence.


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McKee maintains that her conviction is against the manifest weight of the evidence

because “Austin and Mantz have differing views of the worth of the ATV.” (Appt.

Br. at 12). However, the record simply does not support this argument. While

Mantz did describe the ATV to be in poor condition, nothing in his testimony is

inconsistent with Austin’s valuation of the ATV at $2,000. Moreover, the jury was

asked to specifically find the value of the stolen property in the verdict form. The

jury was given the choice of “(1) ‘less than $1000;’ or (2) ‘$1,000 or more and less

than $7,500.’ ” (Doc. No. 70). The jury specifically determined that the value of

the ATV was “$1,000 or more and less than $7,500” and wrote that phrase in the

space provided on the verdict form. (Id.)

         {¶24} With Austin’s testimony being the only evidence in the record of the

value of the ATV without any apparent contradiction and the jury’s specific

determination of the value in the verdict form, we cannot say that the jury clearly

lost its way and created such a manifest miscarriage of justice that the conviction

must be reversed and a new trial ordered.2 Accordingly, we conclude that McKee’s




2
  We note that the State admitted as an exhibit a piece of lined notebook paper found in McKee’s vehicle
during the execution of a search warrant. On this paper was a handwritten note stating “I Randy Austin sold
1994 Honda 300 Fortax and Snow Blower for $960.00 on April 5, 2017 to Don Mantz [address and phone
number]. All items were sold as is!!!” (State’s Ex. No. 145). Despite the fact that this exhibit appears to be
a receipt or bill of sale for a Honda ATV, there was no testimony at trial establishing the origin of this paper
or its significance. The only testimony relating to the exhibit came from the law enforcement officer who
explained that it, along with several other personal items related to the two victims in this case, were found
in McKee’s vehicle during the search.

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conviction for Theft in Count One is supported by sufficient evidence and is not

against the manifest weight of the evidence.

2. Count Nine: Theft from a Person in a Protected Class (Zdzislaw Mikulski)

                                 Controlling Statute

       {¶25} In Count, Nine McKee was convicted of Theft in violation of R.C.

2913.02(A)(1) which states that:

       (A) No person, with purpose to deprive the owner of property or
       services, shall knowingly obtain or exert control over either the
       property or services in any of the following ways:

       (1) Without the consent of the owner or person authorized to
       give consent.

The statute specifies that: “if the victim of the offense is an elderly person, disabled

adult, active duty service member, or spouse of an active duty service member, a

violation of this section is theft from a person in a protected class * * * If the value

of the property or services stolen is thirty-seven thousand five hundred dollars or

more and is less than one hundred fifty thousand dollars, theft from a person in a

protected class is a felony of the second degree.” R.C. 2913.02(B)(3).

       {¶26} Thus, in order to elevate the level of the offense from a first degree

misdemeanor to a second degree felony, the State must prove that McKee

committed the theft offense against a person in a protected class, and that the value

of the property stolen was $37,500 or more and less than $150,000.

                                 Evidence Presented

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        {¶27} Lori Morris, a social worker at Belle Springs, formerly Heartland of

Bellefontaine (hereinafter referred to as “Heartland”), testified that she met McKee

when Austin was admitted to the facility. She recalled that Austin referred to

McKee as his wife. She explained that she and other staff members found this

strange because McKee also referred to herself as the wife of another resident,

Zdzislaw Mikulski (“Ziz”), who incidentally was admitted to the facility the same

day as Austin on October 20, 2017. Ms. Morris later discovered that McKee was

not married to either man.

        {¶28} Ms. Morris recalled that McKee claimed to have been “taking care” of

Ziz in his home prior to him being admitted to Heartland. She described Ziz as in

his eighties and as having some cognitive issues, which led to him to being easily

confused and unable to hold a conversation or make decisions for himself. Ziz had

a daughter who lived in Nevada and a son who lived in Ziz’s native Poland.3 Ms.

Morris recalled that McKee became aggressive with her when she sought

information about Ziz. Ms. Morris and other staff members became suspicious of

McKee’s relationship with Ziz. Eventually, Ms. Morris reached the conclusion that

a guardian should be court-appointed to manage Ziz’s finances and paperwork was

filed on Ziz’s behalf by the appropriate Heartland personnel.




3
 The evidence indicates that after World War II Ziz had a career with the Federal Government in the State
Department and was fluent in several languages.

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Case No. 8-19-16


       {¶29} Connor Kinsey, a local attorney, testified that he was contacted by the

Logan County Family Court to potentially be appointed a guardian for Ziz. He

recalled that a hearing took place in the Probate Division of that court on November

22, 2017, during which Ziz was found incompetent based upon his inability to

demonstrate a fundamental understanding of the proceeding, his very limited ability

to communicate—despite a Polish interpreter being present—and severe hearing

loss. Mr. Kinsey recalled that in addition to the conclusions drawn in a medical

evaluation supporting the court’s incompetency determination, “[i]t was plain as

day that Mr. Mikulski had no idea what was going on, the lack of capacity to make

any sort of informed decision on his own behalf, that it was—this guy needed help.”

(Doc. No. 111 at 320; State’s Ex. 13). Mr. Kinsey further explained that Ziz had a

very strained relationship with his daughter, and that his son was not able to be

contacted. As a result of no suitable relative being available, the probate court

appointed Mr. Kinsey as Ziz’s guardian. Notably, McKee was present at the

competency hearing, asserting that Ziz was competent and did not need a guardian.

Incidentally, when the probate court asked McKee about Ziz’s finances she claimed

to have no knowledge of them.

       {¶30} Mr. Kinsey recalled going to Ziz’s home to attempt to find personal

information and financial records in order to assess Ziz’s ability to afford the

expensive long-term care at Heartland and his eligibility for Medicaid. He recalled


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that finding this information was a “real puzzle to solve.” (Doc. No. 111 at 327).

Mr. Kinsey described Ziz “as an extreme example of a hoarder;” that Ziz’s house

“looked like a home that had not been touched or cleaned or anything probably in

the last 70 years.” (Id. at 328). Despite this fact, Mr. Kinsey could not locate any

mail or other correspondence related to banking.4 Due to the lack of information

and access to Ziz’s financial records, Mr. Kinsey explained that it took over three

months to locate his financial accounts and have them frozen. Once he was able to

gain access to the accounts in early January 2018, he noticed that a significant

amount of money had been withdrawn from Ziz’s credit union account using ATMs,

at a rate of $700 daily, since Ziz had entered Heartland in October 2017. Thereafter,

Mr. Kinsey alerted law enforcement.

        {¶31} Detective Dwight Salyer of the Bellefontaine Police Department

recalled that his investigation into the fraudulent conduct on Ziz’s credit union

account was initiated by a report filed by Mr. Kinsey. He testified that at the time

of the hearing Ziz was 89 years old. Using the statements from Ziz’s credit union,

Det. Salyer was able to trace the dates and locations of when and where Ziz’s debit

card was used. Det. Salyer obtained nearly a hundred still photos of McKee using

Ziz’s card at various ATMs from the financial institutions noted on Ziz’s credit



4
  During the search of McKee’s vehicle several personal items belonging to Ziz and his deceased wife were
found including their social security cards, bank statements, Ziz’s checkbook, deeds to land, and life
insurance paperwork.

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union statements. Det. Salyer observed that the ATM withdrawals from Ziz’s

account increased in August of 2017 and continued to escalate in frequency and in

amount through December of 2017. Many of these ATM transactions occurred at

the same locations near McKee’s residence in Bellefontaine and the Hollywood

Casino in Columbus. Det. Salyer contacted the Hollywood Casino and learned from

McKee’s player account that she had made 175 trips to the casino in the year 2017,

and that her visits significantly increased in the latter part of 2017. Det. Salyer stated

that the casino records indicated that McKee had a total loss of approximately

$42,000 for the year 2017.

       {¶32} The information in these casino records were confirmed and further

elaborated upon by Lynn Mackin, an Inventory Compliance Officer at the

Hollywood Casino. Ms. Mackin explained that McKee was a member of the casino

and her activity could be tracked through her player card. The casino records also

indicated that McKee was primarily a slot player. Ms. Mackin stated that there was

a significant increase in McKee’s visits to the casino in October, November, and

December of 2017. Ms. Mackin testified that in December 2017 alone McKee’s

loss was $17,569, which was over forty percent of her entire loss for the year 2017

of $42,291.

       {¶33} Through his investigation, Det. Salyer was able to establish that

McKee had withdrawn $43,389.25 from Ziz’s credit union account from October


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20, 2017 to January 11, 2018. Det. Salyer explained that this number did not include

ATM fees and point of sale transactions. According to Det. Salyer’s calculations,

the total funds stolen from Ziz’s credit union account with the point of sale

transactions was $45,147.59.

       {¶34} McKee testified on her own behalf. She explained that she met Ziz

through her mother who delivered “Meals on Wheels” to his home. McKee stated

that she helped take care of Ziz when no one else would. She claimed that she

withdrew the money from Ziz’s credit union account upon his request.            She

maintained that Ziz did not trust anyone and asked her to withdraw the money and

bring it to his room at Heartland. Notably, McKee’s testimony was contradicted by

other testimony at trial indicating that no money was ever found in Ziz’s room at

Heartland. Moreover, the record further established that once Ziz was declared

incompetent in November 2017, McKee was prohibited from visiting Ziz at

Heartland. McKee further admitted to making frequent visits to the Hollywood

Casino, but maintained that she only gambled with her own money that she received

from tax refunds, previous jackpot winnings, and “comps” on her player card.

                                    Discussion

       {¶35} On appeal, McKee contends that the State failed to present sufficient

evidence to support her conviction for second degree felony Theft from a person in

a protected class. She further maintains that her conviction is against the manifest


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weight of the evidence. In making this argument, McKee focuses solely upon the

testimony from Lynn Mackin, the representative from Hollywood Casino who

testified to the information obtained from McKee’s player card. McKee maintains

that Ms. Mackin’s testimony regarding the casino records was an inaccurate

representation of the money McKee spent at the casino. McKee further appears to

argue that Ms. Mackin’s testimony and the admission of the casino records as an

exhibit only served to confuse and bias the jury by attempting to establish that

McKee “was using the victim’s ATM card to withdraw money on a continual basis

at the Hollywood Casino in Columbus and then gambling the victim’s money

away.” (Appt. Br. at 10, 13).

       {¶36} At the outset, we note that Ms. Mackin’s testimony was clear

regarding the accuracy of the figures in the casino player records. Specifically, Ms.

Makin explained that one of the figures reflected in the records was the “coin in”

number, which is the money “played” all day by a particular player. She described

how the figure is calculated. “If you were to put a dollar into a machine and you

just kept spinning and you would win a hand, win again or lose the same money and

you spun again without ever cashing out, the money would just get recycled.” (Doc.

No. 111 at 468). Ms. Mackin testified that the “coin in” number also reflected that

McKee’s activity at the casino had increased from September 2017, when the casino

records indicate that McKee “played” approximately $6,000, compared to


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December 2017, when McKee “played” over $414,000. However, Ms. Mackin

testified that, unlike the “coin in” figure, the loss figure stated on the casino records

is a “true number,” not a “recycled number,” and that McKee’s loss for the year

2017 was $42,291.” (Id. at 472).

       {¶37} On appeal, McKee claims that the casino records failed to provide

accurate numbers to prove the amount stolen from Ziz’s account. By focusing only

on Ms. Mackin’s testimony, McKee overlooks the testimony of Detective Salyer

who provided a detailed narrative of his investigation and nearly one hundred still

photos that place McKee at the ATMs identified on Ziz’s credit union statement that

were used to withdraw $43,389.25 from October 2017, when Ziz was admitted as a

long-term care patient at Heartland, to January 2018, when the court-appointed

guardian was able to freeze the account. Thus, even without the brief testimony of

Ms. Mackin, the record demonstrates that there was sufficient evidence presented

by the State to prove that McKee knowingly exerted control over Ziz’s credit union

account without his consent, with purpose to deprive him of funds in the amount of

$37,500 or more and less than $150,000.              The record also unequivocally

demonstrates that Ziz was over the age of 65 and was deemed incompetent thereby

establishing that he is a person in a protected class. Accordingly, we find that

McKee’s conviction on Count Nine is based upon sufficient evidence.




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       {¶38} McKee also maintains that her conviction is against the manifest

weight of the evidence. Again, she makes an argument solely upon the testimony

of Ms. Mackin and appears to contend that the discussion and admission of the

casino records showing a “coin in” number for the days McKee visited the casino

was confusing to the jury and created bias against her. As previously discussed,

Ms. Mackin’s testimony was clear that the “coin in” number in the reports was a

“recycled number” and not indicative of the true amount of money McKee put into

the slots. The other information contained in the casino records served to establish

the increased frequency of McKee’s visits to the casino after Ziz entered Heartland

and that nearly half of McKee’s total loss for 2017 occurred in December of 2017.

Notwithstanding the fact that the bank records along with the photos obtained from

Det. Salyer’s investigation established that one of the ATMs McKee habitually

frequented to withdraw money from Ziz’s account was at the Hollywood Casino, a

rational juror could determine McKee’s testimony regarding the source of her

gambling funds was not credible, and thus could reasonably infer that McKee used

some of the funds that she withdrew from Ziz’s account at the casino. Accordingly,

we find no merit to the contention that McKee’s conviction is against the manifest

weight of the evidence.

       {¶39} Based on the foregoing discussion, we find that McKee’s convictions

on Counts One and Nine are supported by sufficient evidence and are not against


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the manifest weight of the evidence. On this basis, the first and second assignments

of error are overruled.

                             Third Assignment of Error

       {¶40} In her third assignment of error, McKee argues that her trial counsel

was ineffective for failing to object to testimony provided by Ms. Mackin regarding

the casino records and for further stipulating to the admission of the casino records

as an exhibit. McKee’s arguments in this respect are premised upon the same

criticisms of the casino records that she previously asserted in the second

assignment of error.

       {¶41} To prove an allegation of ineffective assistance of counsel, McKee

must satisfy a two-prong test.      First, McKee must establish that counsel’s

performance has fallen below an objective standard of reasonable representation.

Strickland v. Washington, 466 U.S. 668, 687, 104 S.Ct. 2052 (1984); State v.

Bradley, 42 Ohio St.3d 136 (1989), paragraph two of the syllabus. Second, McKee

must demonstrate that she was prejudiced by counsel’s performance. Id. To show

that she has been prejudiced by counsel’s deficient performance, McKee must prove

that, but for counsel’s errors, the result of the trial would have been different.

Bradley, 42 Ohio St.3d at paragraph three of the syllabus.

       {¶42} In the second assignment of error, we addressed McKee’s

characterization of the casino reports and discussed that the record demonstrates


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there was little confusion at trial regarding how the numbers derived from McKee’s

player card were calculated and their significance to the case. Moreover, there was

additional testimony from other witnesses, bank statements, and surveillance photos

establishing each and every element of the Theft offense without the casino records

and Ms. Mackin’s testimony. Nevertheless, on cross-examination McKee’s trial

counsel effectively clarified the “recycled numbers” imbedded in the “coin in”

numbers to cast doubt on the reliability of those figures. Accordingly, the record

simply does not support McKee’s claim that her trial counsel was ineffective on this

basis. As such, we overrule the third assignment of error.

       {¶43} For all these reasons, the assignments of error are overruled and the

judgment and sentence of the trial court is affirmed.

                                                               Judgment Affirmed

PRESTON and WILLAMOWSKI, J.J., concur.

/jlr




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