                                                                                         July 9 2008


                                          DA 07-0088

                     IN THE SUPREME COURT OF THE STATE OF MONTANA

                                         2008 MT 245



WILLIAM BALTRUSCH,

              Plaintiff, Appellee,
              and Cross-Appellant,

         v.

OTTO BALTRUSCH, JR.

              Defendant and Appellant.



APPEAL FROM:           District Court of the Twelfth Judicial District,
                       In and For the County of Hill, Cause No. DV 1992-029
                       Honorable Richard A. Simonton, Presiding Judge


COUNSEL OF RECORD:

                For Appellant:

                       James A. Patten, Patten, Peterman, Bekkedahl & Green, P.L.L.C.,
                       Billings, Montana

                For Appellee:

                       K. Dale Schwanke, Jardine, Stephenson, Blewett & Weaver, P.C.,
                       Great Falls, Montana



                                                   Submitted on Briefs: March 19, 2008

                                                              Decided: July 9, 2008


Filed:

                       __________________________________________
                                         Clerk
Justice Patricia O. Cotter delivered the Opinion of the Court.

¶1     William and Otto Baltrusch are brothers who entered into a partnership in the late

1940s. Without a written partnership agreement they formed Baltrusch Land & Cattle

Company (Partnership) and subsequently expanded it into several other businesses, some

of which were formed as corporations.          In 1990 the brothers began to disagree on

business-related matters. In 1992 William filed suit against Otto. Since that time, three

trials and two appeals have occurred. This is the third time they have been before this

Court on appeal. In the matter before us, Otto raises three issues on appeal and William

raises seven issues on cross-appeal.     Otto appeals various findings and conclusions

included in multiple orders issued by the Montana Twelfth Judicial District Court

between January 2005 and January 2007. William cross-appeals several factual findings

included in orders issued between October 2004 and January 2007. We affirm.

                                          ISSUES

¶2     Otto’s issues on appeal are:

¶3     Did the District Court err by ordering him to equalize the Partnership capital

accounts?

¶4     Did the District Court err by requiring him to pay the interest incurred for

Partnership farm operating loans?

¶5     Did the District Court err in its determination of value of the Partnership farm

machinery and equipment?

¶6     William’s issues on cross-appeal are:




                                               2
¶7       Did the court err by determining 4000 shares of AgWise, Inc. are not a Partnership

asset?

¶8       Did the court err by not requiring Otto to account for compensation he received

from AgWise?

¶9       Did the court err by not charging Otto with insurance premiums the Partnership

paid for his sons?

¶10      Did the court err by awarding Otto pre-judgment interest on FSA payments paid to

William’s wife, Betty?

¶11      Did the court err by not awarding pre-judgment interest on $1,621,520 Otto owes

the Partnership?

¶12      Did the court err by determining William was not entitled to be compensated for

indemnities given so construction projects could be performed?

¶13      Did the court err by not finding Otto obligated for personal credit card charges the

Partnership paid?

                   FACTUAL AND PROCEDURAL BACKGROUND

¶14      Much of the factual and procedural background of this dispute can be found at

Baltrusch v. Baltrusch, 2003 MT 357, 319 Mont. 23, 83 P.3d 256 (Baltrusch I) and

Baltrusch v. Baltrusch, 2006 MT 51, 331 Mont. 281, 130 P.3d 1267 (Baltrusch II).1 In

summary, after more than forty years in business together, running multiple farm-related

1
   In Baltrusch II, William attempted to recover allegedly misappropriated Partnership funds
from Otto and Otto’s wife, Frances, who had not been named as a party in Baltrusch I. The
District Court dismissed the action on res judicata and collateral estoppel grounds and we
affirmed. While the case contains additional factual background, it is not relevant to the case at
bar and will not be referenced again in this Opinion.


                                                3
and construction-related companies, the brothers began a legal battle that has spanned

almost two decades.      The District Court was tasked with equitably dividing the

businesses, assets and expenses between William and Otto. It determined that to achieve

this goal, all the agricultural and construction businesses operated by the brothers had to

be liquidated.

¶15    An initial trial in December 1999 determined, among other things, the

compensation for each of the brothers which included salary, benefits, and draws against

capital accounts from the inception of their businesses through March 31, 1999. The

District Court looked at various expenditures that were paid by the business entities

through March 31, 1999, and allocated these expenditures to the responsible brother. The

court categorized these company-paid expenditures as “compensation.” In the court’s

August 2000 Order (as amended in March 2001), it noted that Otto’s “compensation” had

exceeded William’s by more than $450,000. To equalize this element of their business-

related separation, Otto was ordered to pay William one-half of this excess compensation

at the time assets and cash were distributed. Additionally, the court imposed a post-

judgment interest obligation on Otto for one-half of his over-compensation and certain

loans and expenses. We affirmed the District Court’s 2000 ruling on appeal in our

December 2003 Baltrusch I decision.

¶16    A second trial was held in July 2003 during which the District Court divided

earnings and expenses for the time between April 1, 1999, and December 31, 2002, and

addressed other issues held over from the 1999 trial. The District Court issued its order

in November 2004 and amended it in January and April 2005. Subsequently, a third trial


                                            4
was held on May 22, 2006. This trial addressed issues involving insurance premiums that

remained unresolved after the 2003 trial. Additionally, new issues arose after the 2003

trial involving stock held by Otto in AgWise, Inc., and the value of the farm personal

property. The District Court issued orders addressing these claims on August 15 and

October 26, 2006. It issued an amended order on January 4, 2007. Between Otto’s

claims on appeal and William’s on cross-appeal, all of the above-referenced orders issued

after the 2003 trial are before us.

¶17    In the interest of brevity, we will provide additional relevant facts only as they

pertain to the specific issues below.

                                STANDARD OF REVIEW

¶18    We review a district court’s findings of fact to determine whether those findings

are clearly erroneous. Bonnie M. Combs-DeMaio Liv. Trust v. Colony, 2005 MT 71, ¶ 9,

326 Mont. 334, ¶ 9, 109 P.3d 252, ¶ 9. A finding is clearly erroneous if it is not

supported by substantial evidence, if the trial court misapprehended the effect of the

evidence, or if our review of the record convinces us that a mistake has been committed.

Combs-DeMaio, ¶ 9. We review a district court’s conclusions of law for correctness.

Combs-DeMaio, ¶ 9.

                                        DISCUSSION

ISSUES ON APPEAL

¶19    Did the District Court err by ordering Otto to equalize the Baltrusch Land &
       Cattle Company partnership capital accounts?




                                            5
¶20    In July 2003 the District Court conducted a bench trial to resolve various issues

that had been held over from the December 1999 trial. As noted above, the December

1999 trial addressed division of the jointly-owned property and the compensation

received by each brother through March 31, 1999.           The 2003 trial involved a

determination and equalization of compensation received by Otto and William between

April 1, 1999, and December 31, 2002. It also addressed the imbalance in the brothers’

respective capital accounts.

¶21    The court issued its order in November 2004 and subsequently amended it in

January and April 2005. It determined that during the relevant time period, William’s

compensation totaled $715,933, while Otto’s totaled $939,800.23, or $223,867.23 more

than William’s. The court specified that William’s compensation included his reported

income, a ten percent retainage fee, U.S.D.A. payments, and a previously paid retainage

fee. The court’s calculation of Otto’s compensation included draws on his Partnership

capital account, U.S.D.A. payments, and the trade-in value on two vehicles used by Otto

and his wife. As the court had done following the 1999 trial, Otto was instructed to

equalize this over-compensation by paying William $111,933.62, plus ten percent post-

judgment interest on this sum.

¶22    Additionally, the District Court observed that there was an imbalance in the

partnership capital accounts—William’s account held a positive balance of $821,008

while Otto’s account carried a negative balance of $848,960. In other words, during the

relevant time period William deposited monies into his capital account while Otto

withdrew funds from his. The court ordered that Otto pay $821,008 into his capital


                                           6
account in order to “equalize” William’s capital account balance “to allow for an equal

payment of partnership debts and expenses” in preparation for terminating the

Partnership.

¶23    On appeal, Otto maintains that his capital draws from the farm partnership from

April 1, 1999, through December 31, 2002, constituted the principal component of his

$939,800.23 compensation.2 Therefore, if his draws were considered compensation and

he equalized his compensation with William’s, to then require him to “pay back” his

draws would be unjust. Otto also posits that the $848,960 negative balance in his capital

account on December 31, 2002, stems from draws taken before March 31, 1999, as well

as draws taken after March 31, 1999. He maintains that in accordance with the court’s

2000 Order he equalized the capital accounts as of March 31, 1999; therefore, he should

not be required to equalize them again based on a capital account balance that includes

draws taken before March 31, 1999. Lastly, Otto asserts that equalization of the capital

accounts is not legally necessary to dissolve the Partnership.

¶24    William counters that the court’s ruling on this issue is correct. He asserts that his

capital account, into which he deposited business profits and additional capital, represents

an equity account and not compensation. Conversely, Otto used his capital account to

withdraw funds for living expenses and other personal expenditures, i.e., as

compensation, as the District Court correctly concluded.         William insists that both

equalizations following the 1999 and 2003 proceedings were equalizations of

2
  While the court found that $608,055 of Otto’s $939,800 compensation were draws from his
capital account, other evidence presented at trial revealed that Otto withdrew between
$645,822.37 and $890,093.37 from his account between April 1, 1999, and December 31, 2002.


                                             7
compensation only and not equalization of capital accounts; therefore, it is appropriate in

preparation for dissolution to equalize the capital accounts. He proffers that because no

capital account equalization has occurred previously, the court is not constrained to

consider only capital accounts balances and draws from April 1, 1999, forward. In other

words, the previous order that equalized compensation through March 31, 1999, does not

apply to equalizing the capital accounts. In order to equalize these accounts, he argues,

consideration of pre-April 1, 1999 draws is not proscribed.

¶25    Capital accounts reflect the partners’ equity interests in the partnership.

Generally, the balance of a partner’s capital account represents the net amount that the

partner would be legally entitled to receive (“positive balance”) or obligated to pay

(“deficit balance”) upon the liquidation of its partnership interest. Each partner’s capital

account initially reflects the amount of cash and the fair market value of property that the

partner contributes to the partnership. Additionally, each partner’s capital account is

increased by the amount of the partner’s share of income, i.e., profits. A partner’s capital

account is reduced by cash distributions, the partner’s share of the partnership’s losses,

deductions, and certain nondeductible expenditures.            Michael A. Oberst, The

Disappearing Limited Deficit Restoration Obligation, The Tax Lawyer, 56 Tax Law. 485

(2003).

¶26    It is fairly typical for partners to periodically take draws on future profits rather

than wait until the end of the business year to divide the profits. Most partnership

agreements address such draws and small partnerships frequently handle these draws

informally. However, as here, problems arise when a partner draws out more than his


                                             8
share of earned profits during a given period of time. As a result, it is common for

partnership agreements to contain a clause requiring that “overdraws” against profits are

considered “loans” to the overdrawn partner that must be repaid within a specified time.

Denis Clifford and Ralph Warner, The Partnership Book, Ch. 3, 20-23 (6th Ed. Nolo

Publishing 2003).     As mentioned above, the Baltrusches did not have a written

partnership agreement for Baltrusch Land & Cattle Co. to assist the court in determining

how these brothers intended to operate the partnership. Notably, however, the brothers

did enter into a partnership agreement in 1976 for the Baltrusch Brothers partnership.

While not dispositive of their intentions vis-à-vis Baltrusch Land & Cattle, created

decades earlier, the 1976 agreement expressly prohibited either partner from taking draws

against expected profits without the knowledge and agreement of the other partner. If

such draws were agreed upon and taken, the agreement required specific entries on the

partnership books to record the draws. Here, Otto’s draws were taken without William’s

approval; moreover, the entries on the Partnership books reflecting these draws were

imprecise.

¶27    Upon dissolution a partnership must pay its existing debts. It must first repay

debts owed to third parties, and then it must repay debts owed to partners. UPA § 40(b);

§ 35-10-629, MCA. If the assets of the partnership are insufficient to satisfy these debts,

the loss is shared by the partners in the same proportion with which they share profits, or

in the case before us, equally. It is only after all of these debts are paid that the partners

can take distribution of remaining capital and profits. UPA § 40(b).




                                              9
¶28    Turning to the issue at hand, our review of the District Court orders pertaining to

the 1999 trial reveals that the court did not reference nor address the then-existing

imbalance in the brothers’ capital accounts. Rather, the court focused on calculating the

amount of compensation taken by the brothers over the relevant period of time. While

the court acknowledged that Otto had received compensation of more than one million

dollars through draws on the “farm/ranch operation,” the court did not reference

William’s capital account at all. Thus, the court did not address equalization of capital

accounts nor indicate that, as a result of equalizing compensation, no future equalization

of capital accounts would be required. We therefore conclude that the 1999 trial orders

were not intended to address nor constrain any subsequent equalization of the

Baltrusches’ capital accounts. In this connection, we note that District Judge Simonton in

his post-2003 trial orders included capital account equalization among the issues “to be

decided for the period beginning April 1, 1999.” While this time frame limitation is only

partially accurate given the court’s failure to address capital account equalization for the

period prior to April 1, 1999, we conclude under the circumstances of this case it is

harmless.

¶29    As noted above, Otto argues that if the withdrawn funds from his capital account

constituted compensation, then to require him to “repay” his capital account would be

unjust. On the other hand, if Otto’s capital account is not equalized with William’s,

William’s capital account must cover any closing liabilities or debts that remain on the

Partnership’s books after the other assets are depleted. This too would be unjust. In




                                            10
essence, William’s savings would finance Otto’s spending. This is only one of the many

conundrums presented by this complex case.

¶30    The record in this case is voluminous, the business accounting is confounding, and

the legal issues are complicated. Nearly sixty years in the making, the details underlying

the many accountings the Baltrusches now dispute cannot be reviewed in isolation; they

are simply too interconnected and entangled. It is therefore impossible to achieve a

perfectly equitable resolution that will satisfy both parties. District Judge Simonton had

the benefit of hearing hours of testimony and reviewing reams of documents over the past

several years.   Under these difficult circumstances, he fashioned as reasonable and

equitable solution to this capital accounts issue as he possibly could. Moreover, the

court’s findings are supported by the evidence. Consequently, we affirm.

¶31    Did the District Court err by requiring Otto to pay the interest incurred for
       Baltrusch Land & Cattle Co. partnership farm operating loans?

¶32    After initially forming the Partnership, Otto and William expanded their business

enterprises to include several other businesses—some farm-related and some

construction-related.   Over time, Otto concentrated on managing the farm-related

businesses while William devoted his time to managing the construction-related

companies.

¶33    During the 2003 trial, William argued to the District Court that Otto borrowed

significant sums of money to fund farm operations during the relevant years, thereby

incurring interest expense. He maintained that had Otto not taken excessive draws out of

the Partnership capital account, there would have been sufficient monies to fund these



                                           11
operations, thus eliminating the need to borrow funds. As a result, William argued, Otto

should be solely responsible for the interest charges. The District Court agreed and

ordered Otto to repay $210,143 in interest expense incurred between April 1999 and the

end of 2002.

¶34    On appeal, Otto asserts that the court erroneously treated the two brothers

differently.    He maintains that William borrowed considerably more from the

construction companies during the same time period than Otto did from the farming

companies. While acknowledging that no interest obligation was incurred as a result of

William’s borrowing, Otto complains that during the time William was taking and

repaying loans against the construction companies, the construction companies were not

making distributions to Otto. Even presuming Otto’s statement is correct, his argument is

unpersuasive.    There is no evidence that Otto sought relief regarding William’s

borrowings against the construction companies; therefore, it is not relevant to the issue

before us.

¶35    Otto also argues that the court incorrectly imposed this interest-reimbursement

obligation based upon its conclusion that he drew more than $800,000 out of his capital

account during the relevant time period and that this constituted excessive draws resulting

in loans and interest expense. Once again Otto argues that by basing this decision on the

balance of his capital account as of December 31, 2002, which he maintains included

draws taken before April 1, 1999, the court’s conclusion is incorrect and must be

reversed.




                                            12
¶36   Otto also opines that the court should have compared his annual draws against the

farm partnership’s annual operating debt rather than utilizing his cumulative draws in its

analysis. This argument is better understood by referencing the table below that was

presented during the 2003 trial. Essentially, he argues that if his 1999 draw against his

capital account was approximately $160,000 and the outstanding farm debt for the same

year was approximately $523,000, then it was error to conclude that but for his draws the

farm partnership would not have had operating debt requiring an interest-bearing loan.

  Amounts          As of
 Withdrawn       3/31/99
                $1,708,230
   Annual                           4/1/99-            2000         2001         2002
  Amounts                          12/31/99
 Withdrawn                        $159,389.35        174,056.60   249,443.45   62,932.97
 Cumulative
   Totals       $1,708,230        1,867,619.35 2,041,675.95 2,291,119.40 2,354,052.37
 Outstanding
    Debt                          $522,703.91        653,972.90   525,839.22   332,271.08
  Balance
  Interest
  Expense                         $28,560.96         73,035.00    66,768.00    41,778.59

¶37   The District Court found that:

      Otto “drew” in excess of $800,000 from his partnership capital account.
      His account has a negative balance which really means that he “borrowed”
      the money from the partnership. At the same time the partnership incurred
      an interest expense of $210,143 on operating loans. It appears that interest
      expense is the result of Otto’s capital account being out of balance.

The court later concluded that:

      Otto shall repay $210,143 in interest expense incurred by the farm
      partnership as a result of his requiring the partnership to borrow money to
      pay his compensation and pay business expenses. Had he properly
      budgeted the money available for other than enhancing his compensation,
      the partnership interest expense would not have been necessary. To the

                                                13
        extent that the partnership has benefited by income tax savings from that
        expense, the amount payable by Otto shall be reduced.

¶38     It is unclear whether the court’s finding is based exclusively on Otto’s draws

between April 1, 1999, and December 31, 2002, or on his December 2002 negative

capital account balance which may have included pre-April 1, 1999 withdrawals, or both.

This gap in the court’s explanation, however, does not render its decision incorrect. As

indicated above, evidence was presented that Otto withdrew between $608,055 and

$890,093.37 from his capital account between April 1, 1999, and December 31, 2002. As

is typical of all facets of this case, Otto’s precise draws during this time simply cannot be

determined with any accuracy. It is impossible to speculate on what the Partnership’s

financial condition would have been had Otto operated it in a different manner and had

he not used his equity account to fund his personal expenses. Furthermore, as discussed

above, previous trial orders did not equalize capital accounts nor did those orders address

the ramifications to the Partnership of Otto running negative balances in his capital

account for many years. Therefore, it is not pertinent whether the court relied on Otto’s

negative capital account balance or whether that balance included draws before April 1,

1999.    The finding behind the court’s decision pertinent to this issue is that Otto

mismanaged the finances of the Partnership and that his “improper” actions resulted in

the Partnership incurring these interest costs. The record supports these findings and the

District Court’s subsequent conclusion; therefore, we will not disturb it.

¶39     Did the District Court err in its determination of value of the Baltrusch Land &
        Cattle Co. farm machinery and equipment?




                                             14
¶40    In response to the District Court’s post-1999 trial order, all property jointly held

by William and Otto was to be sold and the proceeds divided. Otto wanted to retain the

tangible property associated with the farm enterprise and William wished to retain the

equipment necessary for the construction operation. Consequently, the brothers agreed to

have Ritchie Brothers appraise all of the equipment and each brother would purchase the

desired equipment from the other. In February 2001, Ritchie Brothers conducted an

appraisal of the construction-related equipment, but did not appraise the farm-related

personalty because Otto did not provide the information necessary to conduct that

appraisal.

¶41    Otto was dissatisfied with Ritchie Brothers’ appraisal of the construction

equipment. Consequently, in April 2001 he hired Ron Harmon to re-appraise it. In 2002,

William paid Otto $717,235.12 for the construction-related equipment. This price was

the higher of the two appraised values.            Harmon also appraised the farm-related

personalty at that time and valued the farm equipment at $1,621,520. Despite having

sought and received this appraisal of the farm equipment from Harmon, Otto did not pay

William for the farm property at that time.

¶42    In 2003, when asked again to conduct an appraisal of the farm equipment, Ritchie

Brothers declined explaining that it had not examined the farm personal property in 2001,

and therefore a 2003 appraisal retroactive to 2001 would not be accurate.             Otto

subsequently hired Craig Hilpipre to appraise the farm personalty. Hilpipre completed

his appraisal in 2006 and valued the farm-related personalty at $1,059,000. In its post-




                                              15
2006 trial order, the court instructed that Otto pay William the value established by

Harmon in 2001.

¶43    Otto argues on appeal that the District Court erred in choosing Harmon’s value

over Hilpipre’s. He maintains that Hilpipre’s valuation method more closely replicated

Ritchie Brothers’ valuation method for the construction equipment. William counters

that Harmon’s expertise was not challenged and his appraisal was contemporaneous

rather than retroactive, resulting in a more accurate value.

¶44    The court’s selection of Harmon’s appraisal over Hilpipre’s was a factual as

opposed to a legal decision. We will only disturb a court’s factual findings if they are

clearly erroneous. In this case, the record reveals that substantial credible evidence

supports the court’s ruling. Therefore, we will not disturb it.

ISSUES ON CROSS-APPEAL

¶45    William presents seven issues on cross-appeal. Six of these issues are direct

challenges to the court’s factual findings. As indicated above, and as argued by William

in response to Otto’s issues on appeal, we will affirm a district court’s factual findings if

they are supported by substantial credible evidence unless we conclude the district court

misapprehended the evidence or we are convinced that a mistake has been made. When

considering issues upon which conflicting evidence is presented, we will not reweigh

such evidence nor substitute our evaluation of the evidence for that of the district court.

Rather, we defer to the district court because we recognize that the court had the benefit

of observing the demeanor of the witnesses and rendering a determination of the




                                             16
credibility of those witnesses. State v. Bieber, 2007 MT 262, ¶ 23, 339 Mont. 309, ¶ 23,

170 P.3d 444, ¶ 23.

¶46    Applying this standard to William’s issues on cross-appeal, we conclude it is

unnecessary to present and analyze each issue’s factual background. We affirm the

District Court’s findings on the issues presented in ¶¶ 7-8 and 10-13 on the ground that

each is supported by the evidence.

¶47    The remaining issue William argues on appeal is that the District Court incorrectly

attributed grain insurance premiums to the Partnership. During the 2006 trial William

and Otto stipulated that the Partnership paid insurance premiums from 1999 through 2002

for a policy that insured grain elevators owned by Otto’s sons as well as the grain stored

within the elevators.    It was undisputed that a portion of the grain stored in these

elevators belonged to Otto’s sons and not to the Partnership. Otto stipulated that he,

rather than the Partnership, should be charged for the majority of the premiums paid

during those years.     These stipulated charges totaled $25,530.78.     Otto maintained,

however, that a portion of the grain stored in the elevators for each relevant year was

actually owned by the Partnership, and therefore the Partnership was responsible for that

portion of the premiums. He asserted that the total premium amount for which the

Partnership was responsible was $7,218.72.

¶48    At the 2006 trial, Otto’s son, Greg, testified that he maintained grain elevator

storage totals and calculated the percentage of Partnership grain in the elevators as well

as the stored grain that he and his brother owned. Business records reflecting these totals




                                             17
were presented to the court. The District Court subsequently ruled that the $7,218.72

premium expense was a legitimate Partnership expense and did not attribute it to Otto.

¶49    William argues on appeal that this was error. He asserts that Otto presented no

evidence to establish that any of the grain stored in his sons’ elevators on May 1 each

year (the first day of the insurance policy year) was owned by the Partnership. He

maintains that under § 26-1-602(11), MCA (“Things that a person possesses are owned

by the person.”), it is presumed that the grain in the elevators belonged to Otto’s sons and

as such the Partnership should not be responsible for paying any portion of the insurance

premium.

¶50    While the evidence produced at trial failed to satisfy William, it did satisfy the

District Court.   Though the ownership percentage established may not have been

established as of May 1 each year, it nonetheless reflected Partnership-owned grain was

stored in the elevators during each of the relevant years. Such evidence rebutted the

statutory presumption of ownership. William claims that he could not rebut Otto’s

contention and Greg’s testimony because Otto and Greg possessed the only records

pertaining to grain storage. He acknowledges that no other or better records may exist,

but nonetheless criticizes the court for failing to “draw[] the obvious conclusions from

Otto’s and the boys’ failure to produce them.”        We are unpersuaded and will not

perpetuate this litigation on the prospect that other business records may exist to better

support William’s claim. The District Court had adequate evidence before it to support

its ruling. Therefore, we affirm on this issue.

                                     CONCLUSION


                                             18
¶51    As noted above, this case is extraordinarily complicated by the passage of time,

protracted litigation, and transactional detail. We conclude that notwithstanding the

court’s post-1999 herculean efforts to fashion an equitable and precise fifty/fifty split of

all assets and liabilities as well as compensation and benefits earned since the late 1940s,

it is unlikely that such an outcome can be perfectly achieved. Moreover, if history is our

guide, it is equally unlikely that any solution reached by any court will satisfy both Otto

and William. We conclude that, under these complicated circumstances, the District

Court has commendably resolved the issues before it in a manner that appears to be as

equitable as possible. Therefore, we affirm.


                                                        /S/ PATRICIA COTTER


We concur:

/S/ JAMES C. NELSON
/S/ W. WILLIAM LEAPHART
/S/ BRIAN MORRIS




 Justice Jim Rice, dissenting.

 ¶52    I agree with the Court that this case is extraordinarily complicated and that the

 District Court searched diligently for an equitable and right solution, as we all would

 hope for. See Opinion, ¶ 30. However, I believe the record clearly demonstrates that

 Otto is being made to re-pay his withdrawals twice. While an underlying theme of the

 District Court’s decision, and of our decision, is Otto’s apparent profligacy, the law


                                            19
protects him from having to pay twice for his excessive draws, even for purposes of an

equitable result. Accordingly, I dissent from the resolution of Issues I and II.

¶53    The District Court’s error in calculating the equalization of the capital accounts

following the 2003 trial is first revealed by the Court’s recitation of the facts. As the

Court points out, the “December 1999 [trial] determined . . . the compensation for each

of the brothers which included salary, benefits, and draws against capital accounts

from the inception of their businesses through March 31, 1999.”            Opinion, ¶ 15

(emphasis added). After this trial, the District Court concluded, in its August 2000

order as later amended in March 2001, that this “differential between the parties is

$456,423.”     Thus, this was the amount Otto owed William for the difference in

compensation which led to the deficit in Ottos’s capital account, and Otto subsequently

paid this amount to William, as documented in the Partial Satisfaction of Judgment

filed in June of 2004.      The calculation of the repayment amount included the

$1,286,344 in draws taken by Otto from the farm/ranch operation’s capital account

which had led to the imbalance in the capital accounts, and the order for Otto to pay

$456,423 represented the equalization remedy for the period prior to and leading up to

March 31, 1999.

¶54    The second trial, held in 2003, was to divide earnings and expenses for the

twenty months between April 1, 1999, and December 31, 2002. Opinion, ¶ 16. The

District Court’s order stemming from the 2003 trial ordered the partnership capital

accounts equalized, without specifically recognizing that the first trial’s calculation of

compensation had included imbalances in the capital accounts. During the 2003 trial,


                                           20
CPA Bruce Gaare testified that his calculation of the balances of the capital accounts

included the history of the draws prior to March 31, 1999. As he explained, the

calculations included “transactions or draws on charges against the capital account that

were for time periods prior to March 31st, 1999” and the “capital accounts are an

accumulation since the partnership began.” Yet, despite this explanation, the District

Court used the exact calculations of the capital account balances offered by Gaare to

determine that “William’s capital account at the end of 2002 was at $821,008 and

Otto’s was a negative $848,960.” It was impossible to arrive at these figures without

including the financial history of the partnership prior to March 31, 1999—the time

period already considered in the 1999 trial, in which compensation (including capital

accounts) had already been calculated. It is this overlap which effectively requires Otto

to equalize his capital account twice for the period prior to March 31, 1999.

¶55    However, the Court concludes that the 1999 trial “did not reference William’s

capital account at all” and therefore “did not address equalization of capital accounts”

and that the “1999 trial orders were not intended to address nor constrain any

subsequent equalization of the Baltrusches’ capital accounts.” Opinion, ¶ 28. This

conclusion is erroneous, or, at most, is true only in the sense that different labels—

“compensation” verses “capital accounts”—were used during the litigation. However,

use of these labels without further determination of the financial issues behind them

leads to an erroneous conclusion. While the District Court, after the 1999 trial, did not

specifically provide the amount of the capital draws, the court nonetheless clearly held

that the $1,286,344 was the amount in draws that Otto took “more than William.”


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Accordingly, the $1,286,344 calculated by the District Court was the amount of Otto’s

draws in excess of William’s draws. Therefore, the 1999 trial, leading to the order for

Otto to pay $456,423, effectively equalized the capital accounts for the period prior to

March 31, 1999. The fact that the court labeled this payment as “equalization of

compensation” rather than “equalization of capital accounts” is without financial

significance for purposes of this appeal. The bottom line is that the court considered

the draws on the capital accounts in calculating the compensation and therefore also

equalized the capital accounts.

¶56    This case is complex, but this particular issue boils down to basic math. Otto has

already paid for the imbalance in the accounts. Consequently, it was error for the

District Court, during the 2003 trial, to consider evidence that included transactions

from before the appropriate time period of April 1, 1999, to December 31, 2002. Those

had been settled and paid by Otto.

¶57    Because I conclude that the District Court’s calculation of the capital accounts

was in error, I believe the District Court’s subsequent calculation of interest is also in

error because it was likewise based on the flawed calculation of Otto’s imbalance. See

Opinion, ¶ 37. Accordingly, I would conclude this issue was decided in error.

¶58    I would reverse.



                                                      /S/ JIM RICE




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