 In the United States Court of Federal Claims
                                        Nos. 17-558
                                    Filed: May 2, 2017

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PROGRESSIVE FINANCIAL               *                    *
SERVICES, INC.,                     *
                                    *
      Plaintiff,                    *
                                    *
and                                 *
                                    *
COLLECTION TECHNOLOGY, INC.,        *
and PERFORMANT RECOVERY, INC., *
                                    *
      Intervenor-Plaintiffs,        *
                                    *
v.                                  *
                                    *
THE UNITED STATES,                  *
                                    *
      Defendant,                    *
                                    *
and                                 *
                                    *
PREMIERE CREDIT OF NORTH            *
AMERICA, LLC, and GC SERVICES       *
LIMITED PARTNERSHIP,                *
                                    *
      Intervenor-Defendants.        *
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  ORDER GRANTING MOTION TO DISMISS AND MOTION FOR PRELIMINARY
                          INJUNCTION

      On May 2, 2017, the court convened an argument to consider:

(1)   the Government’s May 1, 2017 Motion To Dismiss ( ECF No. 82) Count VII of Continental
      Services Group, Inc.’s (“Continental Services”) March 28, 2017 Complaint (ECF No. 1),
      filed in the above-captioned case;

(2)   Continental Services’ March 29, 2017 Motion For Temporary Restraining Order and/or
      Preliminary Injunction (ECF No. 7), filed in the above-captioned case and renewed on May
      1, 2017 (ECF No. 85);
(3)    Pioneer Credit Recovery, Inc.’s April 28, 2017 Motion For Preliminary Injunction (ECF
       No. 79), filed in the above-captioned case;

(4)    Account Control Technology, Inc.’s April 28, 2017 Motion For Preliminary Injunction
       (ECF No. 47), filed in Account Control Technology, Inc. v. United States, No. 17-493;

(5)    Progressive Financial Services, Inc.’s (“Progressive Financial”) April 21, 2017 Motion For
       Temporary Restraining Order and/or Preliminary Injunction (ECF No. 5), filed in
       Progressive Financial, Inc. v. United States, No. 17-558; and

(6)    Collection Technology, Inc.’s (“Collection Technology”) May 1, 2017 Motion For
       Temporary Restraining Order and/or Preliminary Injunction (ECF No. 8), filed in
       Collection Technology, Inc. v. United States, No. 17-578.

        After argument in Continental Services v. United States, No. 17-449, the court invited all
Plaintiffs, Intervenor-Plaintiffs and the Government to convene in the court’s chambers to prepare
a draft order to preserve the status quo until the United States Department of Education (“ED”)
issues corrective action, in response to the Government Accountability Office’s (“GAO”) March
27, 2017 Decision in Gen. Revenue Corp., B-414220.2, Mar. 27, 2017, 2017 WL 1316186. Upon
circulating the draft order, other Plaintiffs and/or Intervenor-Plaintiffs who did not elect to
participate in that process objected. Counsel for some of the Intervenor-Defendants also objected.

       Under these circumstances, after reading all pending motions and considering argument on
May 2, 2017, as well as prior arguments by the parties, the court has decided to grant the
Government’s May 1, 2017 Motion To Dismiss. Accordingly, Count VII of Continental Services’
March 28, 2017 Complaint is dismissed, without prejudice to being re-raised at a later date. In
addition, the court has decided to enter a preliminary injunction for the following reasons.

        On a motion for preliminary injunctive relief, the court must weigh four factors: “(1)
immediate and irreparable injury to the movant; (2) the movant’s likelihood of success on the
merits; (3) the public interest; and (4) the balance of hardship on all the parties.” U.S. Ass’n of
Importers of Textiles & Apparel v. United States, 413 F.3d 1344, 1347–48 (Fed. Cir. 2005). “No
one factor, taken individually, is necessarily dispositive . . . . [T]he weakness of the showing
regarding one factor may be overborne by the strength of others.” FMC Corp. v. United States, 3
F.3d 424, 427 (Fed. Cir. 1993) (emphasis added).

       Regarding the first factor, the court has determined that Plaintiffs and Intervenor-Plaintiffs
will be immediately and irreparably injured, if the ED allows continued performance on Task
Orders issued under Solicitation No. ED-FSA-16-R-0009, or otherwise transfers work to another
contracting vehicle to circumvent or moot this bid protest.

       Regarding the second factor, the Government has not yet produced the Administrative
Record and the parties have not had an opportunity to brief the merits of this bid protest. See
Florida Power & Light Co. v. Lorion, 470 U.S. 729, 744 (1985) (“The APA specifically
contemplates judicial review on the basis of the agency record[.]”). Nevertheless, it is likely that
some or all Plaintiffs may prevail on the merits, based on the GAO’s March 27, 2017 Decision


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finding that the ED’s prior evaluation of proposals was unreasonable in numerous respects and
resulted in the reasonable possibility of prejudice. See Gen. Revenue Corp., 2017 WL 1316186.

       Regarding the third factor, the public interest is served by open and fair competition in
public procurements and preserving the integrity of the competitive process. See PGBA, LLC v.
United States, 57 Fed. Cl. 655, 663 (2003).

       Regarding the fourth factor, the balance of hardships weighs in favor of Plaintiffs and
Intervenor-Plaintiffs. A delay in ED proceeding with performance on the 2016 Awards, prior to
announcing corrective action, likely may be disruptive to some of the parties and borrowers, but
is outweighed by the economic harm to Plaintiffs and Intervenor-Plaintiffs and the public’s need
to have these government contracts awarded pursuant to law, particularly, because $2.8 billion of
taxpayer funds is at issue.

        For these reasons, the court has determined that the weight of the factors favors injunctive
relief. See FMC Corp, 3 F.3d at 427 (“[T]he weakness of . . . one factor may be overborne by the
strength of others.”). Accordingly, it is ordered that the United States of America, the United
States Department of Education, and their officers, agents, servants, employees, and
representatives are enjoined, pursuant to Rule 65(d), from:

   (1)     authorizing the purported awardees to perform on the contract awards under
           Solicitation No. ED-FSA-16-R-0009; and
   (2)     transferring work to be performed under the contract at issue in this case to other
           contracting vehicles to circumvent or moot this bid protest.

       In effect, this Preliminary Injunction rescinds the April 24, 2017 modification to the March
29, 2017 Temporary Restraining Order, because it provided a competitive advantage to CBE
Group, Inc. and Premiere Credit of North America, LLC over Collection Technology, Progressive
Financial and Performant Recovery, Inc. that filed appearances in this case after April 24, 2017.

         The purpose of this Preliminary Injunction is not to micromanage the ED’s debt collection
efforts, but to protect the interest of all parties and afford the Government an opportunity to reach
a global solution of the aforementioned cases.

        This order will remain in effect until COB May 22, 2017, the first business day after the
Department of Justice represented that the ED will file a notice announcing corrective action, in
response to the March 27, 2017 GAO Order, or until such time as all the parties agree to an
alternative joint order.

         IT IS SO ORDERED.
                                                                     s/Susan G. Braden
                                                                     SUSAN G. BRADEN
                                                                     Chief Judge




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