[Cite as Hrabak v. Walder, 2019-Ohio-4732.]


                                   IN THE COURT OF APPEALS

                                ELEVENTH APPELLATE DISTRICT

                                      GEAUGA COUNTY, OHIO


 MARGUERITE HRABAK, TRUSTEE OF                    :        MEMORANDUM OPINION
 THE FRANKLIN J. HRABAK LIVING
 TRUST,                                           :
                                                           CASE NO. 2019-G-0220
                   Petitioner-Appellee,           :

         - vs -                                   :

 KAREN F. WALDER,                                 :

                   Respondent-Appellant,          :

 CHRISTOPHER A. HRABAK, et al.,                   :

                   Respondents-Appellees.         :


 Civil Appeal from the Geauga County Court of Common Pleas, Probate Division, Case
 No. 2018 PC 000104.

 Judgment: Appeal dismissed.


 Thomas A. Barni, Dinn, Hochman & Potter, L.L.C., 5910 Landerbrook Drive, Suite 200,
 Cleveland, OH 44124 (For Petitioner-Appellee and Respondents-Appellees).

 Justin Madden, Justin Madden Co., LPA, 7898 Kinsman Road, Russell, OH 44072 and
 Eric J. Weiss, Cavitch Familo & Durkin, Co., LPA, 1300 East Ninth Street, 20th Floor,
 Cleveland, OH 44114 (For Respondent-Appellant).



MARY JANE TRAPP, J.

        {¶1}      Appellant, Karen F. Walder, through counsel, filed an appeal from an entry

of the Geauga County Court of Common Pleas, Probate Division, denying her motion to

join parties. Appellees, Marguerite Hrabak, trustee of the Franklin J. Hrabak Living Trust,
Christopher Hrabak, Karla Falk, Margo Pokopac and Michelle May, filed a motion to

dismiss the appeal stating that the appealed order is not final and appealable. Ms. Walder

opposes appellees’ motion.

       {¶2}   Appellee, Marguerite Hrabak, initiated an action for declaratory judgment

and to approve the termination of the trust. Ms. Walder and the remaining appellees, the

children of the deceased, Franklin J. Hrabak, are named beneficiaries under the trust.

Ms. Walder filed a motion requesting the trial court to order the joinder of necessary

parties, namely the grandchildren and great grandchildren of Franklin Hrabak, to the

action. In a July 11, 2019 entry, the trial court denied Ms. Walder’s motion. The instant

appeal ensued.

       {¶3}   Initially, we must determine whether there is a final, appealable order, as

this court may entertain only those appeals from final judgments or orders. Noble v.

Colwell, 44 Ohio St.3d 92, 96 (1989). According to Section 3(B)(2), Article IV of the Ohio

Constitution, a judgment of a trial court can be immediately reviewed by an appellate court

only if it constitutes a “final order” in the action. Germ v. Fuerst, 11th Dist. Lake No. 2003-

L-116, 2003-Ohio-6241, ¶3. If a lower court’s order is not final, then an appellate court

does not have jurisdiction to review the matter, and the matter must be dismissed. Gen.

Acc. Ins. Co. v. Ins. Co. of N. Am., 44 Ohio St.3d 17, 20 (1989). For a judgment to be

final and appealable, it must satisfy the requirements of R.C. 2505.02 and if applicable,

Civ.R. 54(B). See Children’s Hosp. Med. Ctr. v. Tomaiko, 11th Dist. Portage No. 2011-

P-0103, 2011-Ohio-6838, ¶3.

       {¶4}   R.C. 2505.02(B) defines a final order as one of the following:

       {¶5}   “An order is a final order that may be reviewed, affirmed, modified, or

reversed, with or without retrial, when it is one of the following:


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       {¶6}   “(1) An order that affects a substantial right in an action that in effect

determines the action and prevents a judgment;

       {¶7}   “(2) An order that affects a substantial right made in a special proceeding or

upon a summary application in an action after judgment;

       {¶8}   “(3) An order that vacates or sets aside a judgment or grants a new trial;

       {¶9}   “(4) An order that grants or denies a provisional remedy and to which both

of the following apply:

       {¶10} “(a) The order in effect determines the action with respect to the provisional

remedy and prevents a judgment in the action in favor of the appealing party with respect

to the provisional remedy.

       {¶11} “(b) The appealing party would not be afforded a meaningful or effective

remedy by an appeal following final judgment as to all proceedings, issues, claims, and

parties in the action.

       {¶12} “(5) An order that determines that an action may or may not be maintained

as a class action;

       {¶13} “(6) An order determining the constitutionality of any changes to the Revised

Code * * *;

       {¶14} “(7) An order in an appropriation proceeding * * *.”

       {¶15} Here, Ms. Walder argues the order is a final appealable order because it

emanated from a declaratory judgment action, which is a special proceeding, and that

denial of a motion to join parties affects a substantial right.

       {¶16} R.C. 2505.02(A)(1) defines a “substantial right” as any right that a person is

legally entitled to enforce under the United States Constitution, the Ohio Constitution, a

statute, the common law, or a rule of procedure.


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       {¶17} While it is true that a declaratory judgment action is a special proceeding

because it is a special remedy not available at common law or at equity, see Riebe Living

Trust v. Concord Twp., 11th Dist. Lake No. 2011-L-068, 2012-Ohio-981, ¶46 (Trapp, J.,

concurring in judgment only), and that the appealed order implicates a rule of procedure

Ms. Walder is legally entitled to enforce, the critical question we must determine is

whether the order affected the substantial right of Ms. Walder.

       {¶18} “While the entry before us may implicate a substantial right, it does

not affect a substantial right. See Painter & Pollis, Ohio Appellate Practice, Section 2.5,

at 42 (2011). ‘An order which affects a substantial right has been perceived to be one

which, if not immediately appealable, would foreclose appropriate relief in the future.’ Bell

v. Mt. Sinai Hosp., 67 Ohio St.3d 60, 63, 616 N.E.2d 181 (1993).” Riebe at ¶49 (Trapp,

J. concurring in judgment only).

       {¶19} Furthermore, the order did not determine the action or prevent a judgment

in Ms. Walder’s favor. “The court's decision whether to join a party is equally reviewable

now or after the case has been finally adjudicated.” BancOhio Natl. Bank v. Rubicon

Cadillac, Inc., 11 Ohio St.2d 32, 34 (1984); see also Gelum v. Governor, 11th Dist.

Trumbull No. 3680, 1987 WL 12705, *2 (June 12, 1987).

       {¶20} At this juncture, the entry overruling Ms. Walder’s motion to join necessary

parties is not a final appealable order. Ms. Walder will have a meaningful and effective

remedy by means of an appeal once a final judgment is reached. See Tomaiko at ¶5.

       {¶21} Based upon the foregoing analysis, appellees’ motion to dismiss the appeal

is granted, and this appeal is dismissed for lack of a final appealable order.

       {¶22} Appeal dismissed.




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CYNTHIA WESTCOTT RICE, J.,

TIMOTHY P. CANNON, J.,

concur.




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