                              STATE OF WEST VIRGINIA

                            SUPREME COURT OF APPEALS


John L.,                                                                               FILED
                                                                                      March 8, 2013
Respondent Below, Petitioner                                                     RORY L. PERRY II, CLERK

                                                                               SUPREME COURT OF APPEALS

                                                                                   OF WEST VIRGINIA

vs.) No. 11-0908 (Mineral County 11-DV-29)

Catherine L.,

Petitioner Below, Respondent


                               MEMORANDUM DECISION
       Petitioner John L.,1 by Joseph B. Cordell, his attorney, appeals the order of the Circuit
Court of Mineral County, entered May 9, 2011, denying his appeal of a ninety day domestic
violence protective order entered by the Family Court of Mineral County that, by its own terms,
expired at midnight on July 11, 2011. Respondent Catherine L. filed no response.

       The Court has considered the parties’ briefs and the record on appeal. The facts and legal
arguments are adequately presented in the parties’ written briefs and the record on appeal, and the
decisional process would not be significantly aided by oral argument. Upon consideration of the
standard of review, the briefs, and the record presented, the Court finds petitioner’s appeal to be
moot. For these reasons, a memorandum decision is appropriate under Rule 21 of the Rules of
Appellate Procedure.

       The Magistrate Court of Mineral County entered an emergency protective order in
respondent’s favor2 and set the matter for a final hearing before the Family Court of Mineral
County for the following day, April 12, 2011. In her petition, respondent stated the following:

               [Petitioner] accused me of cheating on him and began yelling at me.
               I walked away and went to take a shower[,] and he followed me
               continuing to yell and calling me a whore. He pushed me in the
               shower and tore down the shower curtain and hit me in the nose with

1
  “We follow our past practice in . . . cases which involve sensitive facts and do not utilize the last
names of the parties.” State ex rel. West Virginia Dept. of Human Services v. Cheryl M., 177
W.Va. 688, 689 n.1, 356 S.E.2d 181, 182 n.1 (1987).
2
  The magistrate court ordered, inter alia, that petitioner was not to come “within 200 feet” of
respondent.
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                 the curtain rod. [Petitioner] told me when we went to bed that night I
                 wouldn’t be getting up in the morning because he was going to kill
                 me. I ran off to the bedroom and got dressed [and] then went outside
                 to call the police.

At the April 12, 2011 hearing before the family court, respondent appeared in person and by
counsel and petitioner appeared in person, pro se.3 Petitioner indicated that he had no objection to
a domestic violence protective order (“DVPO”) being entered with regard to respondent but stated
that he would like to have visitation with his children. Respondent agreed that petitioner should
have visitation with the children.

        In the DVPO, the family court awarded temporary custody to respondent and ordered that
petitioner could exercise visitation with the parties’ children every other weekend from Friday at
6:00 p.m. to Sunday at 6:00 p.m. beginning on April 15, 2011,4 with petitioner’s mother picking
up and dropping off the children at respondent’s residence.5 With regard to respondent, the family
court awarded her the DVPO for ninety days “until midnight on the day of July 11, 2011.”6

        Subsequently, petitioner retained an attorney and appealed the DVPO to the Circuit Court
of Mineral County making various due process arguments and asserting the family court’s order
was clearly erroneous and/or constituted an abuse of discretion. The circuit court granted
petitioner a hearing on his appeal, which was held on May 4, 2011. Each party appeared in person
and by counsel. After hearing arguments of counsel, the circuit court indicated that it was
upholding the DVPO and directed respondent’s counsel to prepare an order.7 In its order denying
petitioner’s appeal, the circuit court made the following findings:

                 1.     The Family Court          did    not   violate   [petitioner]’s
                 Constitutional Rights.

                 2.      The Family Court was not clearly erroneous in its Findings
                 of Fact.

                 3.      The Family Court did not abuse its discretion in applying the
                 law to the facts.


3
  The video recording of the April 12, 2011 hearing has been reviewed. At the hearing, the parties
indicated that they would seek a divorce.
4
    The family court set petitioner’s temporary child support obligation at $300 per month.
5
    Respondent was awarded temporary possession of the parties’ residence.
6
  The family court found that respondent’s allegations against petitioner “rise to the level of
domestic abuse.”
7
    Respondent is no longer represented in the case at bar.
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                4.     After reviewing the West Virginia Code and the West
                Virginia Rules of Practice and Procedure for Domestic Violence
                Civil Proceedings, there was no violation of [petitioner]’s due
                process rights.

                5.     The Family Court is not required to appoint legal counsel for
                a Respondent in a civil domestic violence petition proceeding.

                6.     [Petitioner] did not request a continuance as required by
                W.Va. Code §48-27-701.[8 ] Regarding notice to [petitioner] and
                service of process, the Magistrate Court and the Family Court
                complied with W.Va. Code §§ 48-27-402 and 48-27-403.

        On appeal, petitioner makes the same arguments as he made before the circuit court but
does not state that the DVPO, which by its own terms expired at midnight on July 11, 2011, was
renewed until some future date. The docket sheet for the instant case, No. 11-DV-29, does not
indicate that the DVPO was renewed. Petitioner does not allege that the DVPO was renewed as
part of the separate divorce action.

        Even though a case is moot, issues raised upon appeal may still be adjudicated in some
instances under the three factor test set forth in Syllabus Point One of Israel by Israel v. West
Virginia Secondary Schools Commission, 182 W.Va. 454, 388 S.E.2d 480 (1989). Considering the
third factor first, the DVPO in the case at bar, like most other DVPO’s, was of short duration.
Such cases are capable of being repeatedly presented to the lower courts, yet escape review at the
appellate level because of their fleeting and determinate nature.

         However, the case at bar fails to meet the first two factors set forth in Israel for petitioner’s
appeal to go forward despite the case being moot. First, while petitioner notes that a finding of
domestic violence may have collateral consequences that outlast the expiration of a DVPO, the
family court adequately addressed the one issue petitioner raised at the April 12, 2011 hearing,
which was child visitation. With respondent’s agreement, the family court granted petitioner
visitation with the parties’ children. Unless the family court and respondent changed their
positions in subsequent proceedings—petitioner does not allege that they did—that petitioner was
to have visitation was not an issue going forward. Second, although this case is understandably
important to petitioner, and to respondent as well, it presents no question of great public interest
that must be decided for the guidance of the bar and the public. Therefore, after careful




8
  The correct citation appears to be West Virginia Code § 48-27-403(g) (“. . . The hearing may be
continued on motion of the respondent, at the convenience of the court. Otherwise, the hearing
may be continued by the court no more than seven days. If a hearing is continued, the family court
may modify the emergency protective order as it deems necessary.”)


                                                   -3­
consideration, this Court dismisses as moot petitioner’s appeal from the circuit court’s order
denying his appeal of the expired DVPO.

                                                                          Dismissed as Moot.


ISSUED: March 8, 2013

CONCURRED IN BY:

Chief Justice Brent D. Benjamin
Justice Robin Jean Davis
Justice Margaret L. Workman
Justice Menis E. Ketchum
Justice Allen H. Loughry II




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