            Case: 19-12941   Date Filed: 03/10/2020   Page: 1 of 4



                                                         [DO NOT PUBLISH]



             IN THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS

                     FOR THE ELEVENTH CIRCUIT
                       ________________________

                             No. 19-12941
                         Non-Argument Calendar
                       ________________________

                 D.C. Docket No. 1:13-cr-00063-TFM-B-1



UNITED STATES OF AMERICA,

                                                             Plaintiff-Appellee,

                                  versus


FRANKLIN MOSLEY,

                                                          Defendant-Appellant.

                       ________________________

               Appeals from the United States District Court
                  for the Southern District of Alabama
                      ________________________

                             (March 10, 2020)

Before MARTIN, LAGOA, and HULL, Circuit Judges.

PER CURIAM:
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      Franklin Mosley appeals the district court’s denial of his motion, styled as a

“Motion for Modification or Reduction of Sentence Under 18 U.S.C. § 3582.” He

argues here that the district court erred by not recharacterizing his motion as a 28

U.S.C. § 2255 motion and granting him relief under United States v. Haymond,

588 U.S. ___, 139 S. Ct. 2369 (2019). After careful review, we affirm.

                                          I.

      In 2013, Mosley pled guilty to one count of failure to register as a sex

offender in violation of 18 U.S.C. § 2250(a). Mosley was sentenced to a term of

24-months imprisonment to be followed by a lifetime term of supervised release.

Mosley appealed, but this Court affirmed his sentence. Since that time, Mosley

has violated the conditions of his supervised release on a number of occasions.

Because of Mosley’s violations, the probation office filed a petition to revoke his

supervised release. In 2017, the district court held a revocation hearing, revoked

Mosley’s release, imposed a 24-month term of incarceration and re-imposed the

life term of supervised release for Mosley’s violations.

      In May 2019, Mosley filed a pro se motion styled as a request for a sentence

“modification” or “reduction” pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 3582. The government

responded to that motion and argued (1) that none of the bases for a sentence

modification in § 3582(c) applied to Mosley; (2) Mosley’s claim was frivolous;

and (3) Haymond, a newly issued Supreme Court decision related to supervised


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release, did not affect Mosley’s sentence. The district court agreed with the

government and denied Mosley’s motion.

      Mosley filed several unsuccessful motions for reconsideration and then

appealed to this Court.

                                          II.
      We review de novo the availability of postconviction relief. See Dohrmann

v. United States, 442 F.3d 1279, 1280 (11th Cir. 2006). Pro se filings are also

entitled to liberal construction. See Winthrop-Redin v. United States, 767 F.3d

1210, 1215 (11th Cir. 2014).

                                         III.
      The district court did not err by refusing to recharacterize Mosley’s motion

as a § 2255 motion. Mosley did not indicate he was pursuing a § 2255 theory and

district courts do not commit an error by failing “to serve as de facto counsel” for a

pro se party. See Campbell v. Air Jam. Ltd., 760 F.3d 1165, 1168–69 (11th Cir.

2014) (quotation marks omitted). Mosley specifically sought “modification” and

“reduction” of his term of imprisonment, a claim grounded soundly in § 3582.

Mosley did not suggest or put the district court on notice that it should

recharacterize his motion. He failed to do this even though the government

addressed this potential theory in its opposition brief and Mosley responded to that

opposition (albeit after the district court denied Mosley’s original motion). And


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we have rejected the notion that a district court must “consider every potential

statutory avenue of relief, weigh the costs and benefits of each, and decide whether

[the pro se litigant] was entitled to relief under any one of them.” Zelaya v. Sec’y,

Fla. Dep’t of Corr., 798 F.3d 1360, 1369 (11th Cir. 2015).

      In any event, the district court could not have recharacterized the motion

without first following the requirements set forth in Castro v. United States, 540

U.S. 375, 124 S. Ct. 786 (2003). Castro requires district courts to “warn the

litigant” of the effects of recharacterizing a motion as a § 2255 motion and

“provide the litigant an opportunity to withdraw the motion or to amend it.” Id. at

383, 124 S. Ct. at 792. Mosley also did not give the district court any reason to

“ignore the legal label” he attached to his motion and “recharacterize the motion”

as a motion under § 2255. See id. at 381, 124 S. Ct. at 791.

      For these reasons, the district court did not err by refusing to recharacterize

Mosley’s § 3582 motion as a § 2255 motion.

      AFFIRMED.




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