     Case: 10-50676     Document: 00511507600          Page: 1    Date Filed: 06/14/2011




           IN THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
                    FOR THE FIFTH CIRCUIT  United States Court of Appeals
                                                    Fifth Circuit

                                                 FILED
                                                                            June 14, 2011
                                     No. 10-50676
                                   Summary Calendar                         Lyle W. Cayce
                                                                                 Clerk

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA,

                                                   Plaintiff-Appellee

v.

RICARDO GARCIA-VARGAS,

                                                   Defendant-Appellant


                    Appeal from the United States District Court
                         for the Western District of Texas
                              USDC No. 7:10-CR-45-1


Before DE MOSS, STEWART and CLEMENT, Circuit Judges.
PER CURIAM:*
        Ricardo Garcia-Vargas appeals his conviction and sentence for illegal
reentry in violation of 8 U.S.C. § 1326(a). He was sentenced to 37 months of
imprisonment and three years of supervised release. Garcia-Vargas has failed
to carry his burden of showing any reversible plain error based on the three
issues he raises in this appeal. See United States v. Sandlin, 589 F.3d 749, 757
(5th Cir. 2009), cert. denied, 130 S. Ct. 2078 (2010).



       *
         Pursuant to 5TH CIR . R. 47.5, the court has determined that this opinion should not
be published and is not precedent except under the limited circumstances set forth in 5TH CIR .
R. 47.5.4.
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                                   No. 10-50676

      Garcia-Vargas contends that his plea was not knowing and voluntarily.
Because Garcia-Vargas did not raise any Rule 11 objection in the district court,
this court reviews for plain error. See United States v. Vonn, 535 U.S. 55, 59
(2002). The court, however, need not decide whether there was any Rule 11
error because Garcia-Vargas does not allege that, but for the error, he would not
have entered his guilty plea. See United States v. Dominguez Benitez, 542 U.S.
74, 83 (2004). Garcia-Vargas has failed to show that the district court’s error,
if any, in finding his guilty plea was knowing and voluntary affected his
substantial rights.
      Garcia-Vargas also contends that the district court violated his Fifth
Amendment privilege against self-incrimination. Because Garcia-Vargas did not
raise an objection on this basis in the district court, we review his claim for plain
error. See United States v. Ronquillo, 508 F.3d 744, 748 (5th Cir. 2007). Garcia-
Vargas asserts that the district court violated the privilege by questioning him
about an applicable defense, the underlying facts, and asking him to provide
proof of his version of the facts. Garcia-Vargas cites to no authority indicating
that the district court’s actions violated the privilege. As such, Garcia-Vargas
failed to show that the district court’s error, if any, in violating his Fifth
Amendment privilege against self-incrimination was clear or obvious.             See
United States v. Evans, 587 F.3d 667, 671 (5th Cir. 2009), cert. denied, 130 S. Ct.
3462 (2010).
      Finally, Garcia-Vargas argues that by answering questions that were
directed to him by the district court and deferred to him by defense counsel he
was impermissibly permitted to act as co-counsel or proceed pro se. Because
Garcia-Vargas did not object on this basis in the district court, this claim of error
is subject to plain error review. See United States v. Virgil, 444 F.3d 447, 456
(5th Cir. 2006); United States v. Phipps, 319 F.3d 177, 189 n.14 (5th Cir. 2003).
Garcia-Vargas’s argument presupposes that he was effectively transformed into
co-counsel or deprived of counsel and thus permitted to proceed pro se by

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                                 No. 10-50676

answering the district court’s questions, which would require a hearing pursuant
to Faretta v. California, 422 U.S. 806, 821, 835 (1975), and United States v.
Cano, 519 F.3d 512, 516 (5th Cir. 2008). He has not offered any argument,
explanation, or authority in support of such a contention. Therefore, he has
failed to carry his burden of demonstrating there was any error. See Sandlin,
589 F.3d at 757.
      The judgment of the district court is AFFIRMED.




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